Christopher Dean
Biographic Data
| ID | 101028 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christopher Dean |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christopher |
| FAMILY NAME | Dean |
| SIGNATURE | DEAN C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0780-6918 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 65 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1044 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 65 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1963 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 20 |
Visual Nature
Imagery produced by the Indigenous peoples of south-coastal Peru (100 BCE–700 CE) frequently paired plants, animals (human and otherwise), and what have been called mythical or supernatural entities in predator–prey relationships. The dyads suggest that the Nasca and their Paracas predecessors understood the biosphere as both the source and product of energy flow in which all entities functioned as both takers and givers. The perspectivist concep…
Understanding and Preventing Ideologically Justified Violence in Custodial Settings
Internationally, secure institutions face a range of challenges presented by detainees convicted or suspected of terrorism-related crimes and those interested or involved in groups that support ideologically justify violence (IJV). Currently, there is an apparent absence of a theoretically grounded but operationally focused paradigm (or conceptual lens) for understanding and preventing IJV within such settings. In response, this article presents …
Core practices for project-based learning
Incremental Elemental Distribution in Chimpanzee Cellular Cementum
Dental hard tissues contain periodic incremental markings that can be used as an absolute temporal archive to reconstruct their growth and can incorporate trace elements into their chemical structure during formation that reflect diet, the environment, metabolism, and health. The growth history can be recovered from teeth using virtual tooth histology to resolve a continuous record of trace element composition within each of the mineralized denta…
Detecting terrorism risk behaviours in prisons
Detecting and monitoring prisoners who present a risk of committing terrorism is an important objective of prison authorities. A key practice in many prison services is for prison staff to observe prisoner behaviours that may indicate such risk. However, there is a dearth of research that systematically examines which behaviours signify, or prison staff consider to signify, terrorism risk. This study addresses this issue by systematically examini…
Uncovering Implicit Learning Theories in the Humanities
Background/Context In recent years, the humanities have frequently been described as “under attack” or “in crisis” in both popular media and academic writing. In this climate, it is particularly critical to develop a stronger understanding of the value of the humanities. While there are many theoretical arguments about their value, the base of empirical research that is focused on understanding how the humanities make a contribution to human deve…
Effects of maternal, gestational, and perinatal variables on neonatal line width observed in a modern UK birth cohort
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to explore potential relationships between neonatal line (NNL) width and early life history variables such as maternal health, gestation, the birth process, and perinatal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Histological thin sections of deciduous canines were studied from 71 children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The width of the NNL was measured in three locations on the…
Reassessment of the TM 1517 odonto‐postcranial assemblage from Kromdraai B, South Africa, and the maturational pattern of Paranthropus robustus
In the hominin fossil record, there are few unambiguously associated craniodental and postcranial remains sampling immature individuals, an essential condition for assessing the taxon-specific maturational patterns. Our findings corroborate the original association of the craniodental and postcranial remains representing the P. robustus type specimen. As with other Plio-Pleistocene hominins, the odonto-postcranial maturational pattern of TM 1517 …
A rock and an art place
Collaconcho, a large rocky outcropping located at the edge of the Inka archaeological site of Saqsaywaman, was – from an Andean perspective – both sentient and agentic. Oral histories accuse this stone of resisting Inka construction efforts and also of homicide. Over time, Inka stone carvers blanketed its surface with mostly abstract forms; of them, step motifs (siqana) predominate. Here we consider the significance of Collaconcho's ‘steps’ and w…
Negotiating a common language and shared understanding about core practices
Daris R. Swindler (1925-2007)
In Memoriam
Arthur of England
Cross-Linguistic Orthographic Effects in Late Spanish/English Bilinguals
Through the use of the visual world paradigm and eye tracking, we investigate how orthographic-phonological mappings in bilinguals promote interference during spoken language comprehension. Eighteen English-dominant bilinguals and 13 Spanish-dominant bilinguals viewed 4-picture visual displays while listening to Spanish-only auditory sentences (e.g., El detective busca su banco 'The detective is looking for his bench') in order to select a target…
Scorned Subjects in Colonial Objects
Focusing on colonial Spanish America, we explore scorned subjects—indigenous things that were identified as vital, sentient subjects by the people who made and used them but reclassified as “objects” by European friars, priests and settlers. Attending to key examples of scorned subjects in central Mexico and the Andes, we consider how European ontology and epistemology, manifested in the actions of colonial-era missionaries and persisting in pres…
Fame of Thrones
The Inka of Andean South America regarded as sacred those seats reserved for the divine head of state. The most famous of such seats was known to the Inka as the Sapaqurinka; today it is more commonly known as the Throne of the Inka. It was hewn from a rock outcrop located atop a promontory overlooking the Inka’s capital city of Cuzco. Attending closely to its specific parts, as well as to its overall aspect, location, and medium, this paper eluc…
Parturition lines in modern human wisdom tooth roots
Parturition lines corresponding to childbirth during the teenage years can exist in human M3 roots, but may not always do so. Without a written medical history it would not be possible to say with confidence that an accentuated line in M3 root dentine was caused by stress, illness or was a parturition line
Negotiated Settlements
In this impressive book, Steven A. Wernke combines archaeological and ethnohistorical methods to study the Colca Valley in southern Peru. The material spans a 500-year period from the twelfth to the early seventeenth century, during which the residents of the Colca Valley experienced first Inka and then Spanish colonization. The author, by employing the same analytical frame to interpret the effects of both Inka and Spanish colonization, works ag…
Multiple environmental services as an opportunity for watershed restoration
Inka Ruins and the Discourse of Mystery
Many Inka sites in western South America were abandoned in the early sixteenth century following the Spanish invasion and colonisation of the Andes. Their ruins provide a starting point from which to consider the discourse of mystery commonly enshrouding ruins today. Despite the fact that the ruination of Inka sites was witnessed and documented, and despite decades of work by scholars to understand Inka technological and cultural practices and be…
Inka water management and the symbolic dimensions of display fountains
Note on Orthography
Technical note
Qualitative and quantitative characterization through functional imaging of mineralized tissues is of potential value in the study of the odontoskeletal remains. This technique, widely developed in the medical field, allows the bi‐dimensional, planar representation of some local morphometric properties, i.e., topographic thickness variation, of a three‐dimensional object, such as a long bone shaft. Nonetheless, the use of morphometric maps is sti…
A Culture of Stone
A major contribution to both art history and Latin American studies, A Culture of Stone offers sophisticated new insights into Inka culture and the interpretation of non-Western art. Carolyn Dean focuses on rock outcrops masterfully integrated into Inka architecture, exquisitely worked masonry, and freestanding sacred rocks, explaining how certain stones took on lives of their own and played a vital role in the unfolding of Inka history. Examinin…
Brief communication
One hundred and fifteen unworn anterior teeth were sectioned longitudinally with a diamond saw and prepared for histological examination by polarized light microscopy. Incremental markings in the enamel of each tooth were used to estimate the average total crown formation times of each tooth type. The total time taken to form the crowns of each tooth type was apportioned by 1) cuspal enamel formation and 2) each tenth percentile of total tooth he…
Hybridity and Its Discontents
2003). Hybridity and Its Discontents: Considering Visual Culture in Colonial Spanish America* Colonial Latin American Review: Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 5-35
Basicranial anatomy of Plio‐Pleistocene hominids from East and South Africa
The results of a metrical analysis of the basicranium of 19 Plio‐Pleistocene fossil hominid crania are presented. The sample includes crania attributed to Australopithecus africanus, Australopithecus boisei , and robustus , and Homo erectus as well as crania whose attribution is still under discussion. These results confirm significant differences between the cranial base patterns of the “gracile” and “robust” australopithecines and the three cra…
Perikymata spacing and distribution on hominid anterior teeth
We documented the spacing and distribution of perikymata on the buccal enamel surface of fossil hominin anterior teeth with reference to a sample of modern human and modern great ape teeth. A sample of 27 anterior teeth attributed to Australopithecus (5 to A. afarensis , 22 to A. africanus ) and of 33 attributed to Paranthropus (6 to P. boisei , and 27 to P. robustus ) were replicated and sputter‐coated with gold to enable reflected light microsc…
A histological reconstruction of dental development in the common chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes
Developmental Aspects of Sexual Dimorphism in Hominoid Canines
Comparative dental development and microstructure ofProconsulteeth from Rusinga Island, Kenya
Histological reconstruction of dental development and age at death of a juvenile Paranthropus robustus specimen, SK 63, from Swartkrans, South Africa
There has been disagreement about whether the earliest hominids grew in a similar manner to great apes or modern humans. This has important biological implications, since it may have been inappropriate to apply modern human developmental standards to early hominids. The aim of the present study was to combine data from replicas of tooth surfaces, computed tomographic (CT) scans, and radiographs with data from a histological section of the canine …
A Culture of Stone
A major contribution to both art history and Latin American studies, A Culture of Stone offers sophisticated new insights into Inka culture and the interpretation of non-Western art. Carolyn Dean focuses on rock outcrops masterfully integrated into Inka architecture, exquisitely worked masonry, and freestanding sacred rocks, explaining how certain stones took on lives of their own and played a vital role in the unfolding of Inka history. Examinin…
Metrical analysis of the basicranium of extant hominoids and Australopithecus
The size and shape of the basicranium (seen in norma basilaris) in Homo, Gorilla, Pan, Pongo , and Australopithecus have been studied by recording the relative disposition of midline and bilateral bony landmarks. Fifteen linear measurements and two angles were used to relate the landmarks. The relatively longer and narrower cranial base of Gorilla, Pan , and Pongo is clearly contrasted with the wider, shorter cranial base in Homo sapiens. When th…
Molar development in common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
A comparative study of cross striation spacings in cuspal enamel and of four methods of estimating the time taken to grow molar cuspal enamel inPan, PongoandHomo
Ontogeny of canine dimorphism in extant hominoids
Many behavioral and ecological factors influence the degree of expression of canine dimorphism for different reasons. Regardless of its socioecological importance, we know virtually nothing about the processes responsible for the development of canine dimorphism. Our aim here is to describe the developmental process(es) regulating canine dimorphism in extant hominoids, using histological markers of tooth growth. Teeth preserve a permanent record …
Histological reconstruction of crown formation times and initial root formation times in a modern human child
Previous qualitative studies on root growth in hominoids have suggested that the early stages of root growth in modern human teeth are slower than in great apes, but no quantitative data on root extension rates exist for modern human teeth. The primary objective of this study was to use incremental markings in the crowns of teeth to provide information about crown formation times and early root formation times. This study provides a detailed desc…
The eruption pattern of the permanent incisors and first permanent molars in Australopithecus ( Paranthropus ) robustus
This study aims to reassess the claim that the eruption sequence of the permanent incisor and first permanent molar teeth of Australopithecus (Paranthropus) robustus is identical with that in modern Homo sapiens . Eight fossil hominid mandibles of equivalent dental developmental age were chosen for comparative study. Emphasis has been placed upon the comparative timing of events within the growth period rather than eruption sequence alone. The re…
A Faithful Record of Stressful Life Events Recorded in the Dental Developmental Record of a Juvenile Gorilla
Technical note
Qualitative and quantitative characterization through functional imaging of mineralized tissues is of potential value in the study of the odontoskeletal remains. This technique, widely developed in the medical field, allows the bi‐dimensional, planar representation of some local morphometric properties, i.e., topographic thickness variation, of a three‐dimensional object, such as a long bone shaft. Nonetheless, the use of morphometric maps is sti…
The natural history of deciduous tooth attrition in hominoids
Preliminary observations on increasing root length during the eruptive phase of tooth development in modern humans and great apes
Rates of dentine mineralization in permanent human teeth
Previous experimental studies have estimated linear rates of dentine formation in modern humans to be close to 4μm day−1. In this study a method similar to that first adopted by Kawasaki, Tanaka and Ishikawa5 was used to estimate linear rates of dentine mineralization over a period of 1200 days in both the cusps and cervical regions of several permanent tooth types. All teeth were from the same individual. Rates in the cusps of teeth with the tal…
The natural history of tooth wear, continuous eruption and periodontal disease in wild shot great apes
Dental and skeletal growth in early fossil hominins
Early fossil hominins have often been assigned a chronological age on the basis of modern human data for tooth eruption. Better data and more sophisticated methods are now available to estimate their chronological age from modern human standards for stages of mineralization of individual teeth developing within the jaws. However, while comparisons with modern human dentitions are interesting, they can also be misleading as early hominin teeth and…
Molar crown formation in the Late Miocene Asian hominoids, Sivapithecus parvada and Sivapithecus indicus
During the past decade, studies of enamel development have provided a broad temporal and geographic perspective on evolutionary developmental biology in Miocene hominoids. Here we report some of the first data for molar crown development in one hominoid genus, Sivapithecus. The data are compared to a range of extant and extinct hominoids. Crown formation times (CFTs), daily rates of enamel secretion (DSR), Retzius line number and periodicity, and…
Multiple environmental services as an opportunity for watershed restoration
Rethinking Apacheta
Apacheta are traditionally thought of as accumulations of small stones piled by travelers at high mountain passes, places of precarious crossing, or otherwise significant parts of a journey, such as crossroads. Two sixteenth-century watercolor depictions of apacheta, featured in a late sixteenth-century manuscript by the Mercedarian friar Martin de Murúa, suggest, however, that prehispanic apacheta may have varied greatly in appearance. This pape…
Observations on stria morphology in the lateral enamel ofPongo,HylobatesandProconsulteeth
Is There a Distinctive Literary Canadian English
THERE EXISTS TODAY a type of English that is distinctively British. By its side another form, American English, appears. A copious literature testifies to the latter's separate identity and titles are numerous, ranging, for example, from the modest sounding The English Language in America by George Philip Krapp,2 through American English by Albert H. Marckwardt,3 to the more nationalistic The American Language by H. L. Mencken.4 S. J. Baker's boo…
Chaucer’s use of function words with substantives
Charles Carpenter Fries stressed two points of methodology in his American English Grammar. First, his conclusions about modern American usage were not based upon impressions of the language but upon a statistical investigation that showed the relative frequency, and hence the importance, of each phenomenon noted. Such an investigation necessitated the sifting of an enormous bulk of clearly-defined and classified source material. Second, Fries wa…
Some consonantal elements in Northern English dialects
For Three-Quarters of a century, scholars have had to rely for a general survey of the dialects of England either upon Volume V of On Early English Pronunciation by A. J. Ellis, published in 1889, or upon J. Wright’s The English Dialect Grammar, published in 1905. These two works have merit as pioneer studies but their accuracy and reliability are questioned today. Studies in linguistic geography in Britain made an important step forward in 1962 …
Metrical analysis of the basicranium of extant hominoids and Australopithecus
The size and shape of the basicranium (seen in norma basilaris) in Homo, Gorilla, Pan, Pongo , and Australopithecus have been studied by recording the relative disposition of midline and bilateral bony landmarks. Fifteen linear measurements and two angles were used to relate the landmarks. The relatively longer and narrower cranial base of Gorilla, Pan , and Pongo is clearly contrasted with the wider, shorter cranial base in Homo sapiens. When th…
Basicranial anatomy of Plio‐Pleistocene hominids from East and South Africa
The results of a metrical analysis of the basicranium of 19 Plio‐Pleistocene fossil hominid crania are presented. The sample includes crania attributed to Australopithecus africanus, Australopithecus boisei , and robustus , and Homo erectus as well as crania whose attribution is still under discussion. These results confirm significant differences between the cranial base patterns of the “gracile” and “robust” australopithecines and the three cra…
The eruption pattern of the permanent incisors and first permanent molars in Australopithecus ( Paranthropus ) robustus
This study aims to reassess the claim that the eruption sequence of the permanent incisor and first permanent molar teeth of Australopithecus (Paranthropus) robustus is identical with that in modern Homo sapiens . Eight fossil hominid mandibles of equivalent dental developmental age were chosen for comparative study. Emphasis has been placed upon the comparative timing of events within the growth period rather than eruption sequence alone. The re…
Law and Sacrifice
Ilfaut se ranger a lavis de Flesch et exiger que la societW, si elle continue a condamner a mort, a tout le moins essaie d'utiliser la sanction capitale egalement a des fins de recherche et de prophylaxie. Si l'on enheve a une famille un de ses membres a qui on separe, a titre de punition, la tWe du tronc, il est d'une sentimentalite peu adequate de reconnaitre a cette famille comme un droit sacre celui de disposer des deux tronfons: le cerveau d…
Distinct dental development patterns in early fossil hominids
Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy
Histological reconstruction of crown formation times and initial root formation times in a modern human child
Previous qualitative studies on root growth in hominoids have suggested that the early stages of root growth in modern human teeth are slower than in great apes, but no quantitative data on root extension rates exist for modern human teeth. The primary objective of this study was to use incremental markings in the crowns of teeth to provide information about crown formation times and early root formation times. This study provides a detailed desc…
The natural history of deciduous tooth attrition in hominoids
The natural history of tooth wear, continuous eruption and periodontal disease in wild shot great apes
An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy
Ethnic conflict and corpus christi in colonial cuzco∗
Histological reconstruction of dental development and age at death of a juvenile Paranthropus robustus specimen, SK 63, from Swartkrans, South Africa
There has been disagreement about whether the earliest hominids grew in a similar manner to great apes or modern humans. This has important biological implications, since it may have been inappropriate to apply modern human developmental standards to early hominids. The aim of the present study was to combine data from replicas of tooth surfaces, computed tomographic (CT) scans, and radiographs with data from a histological section of the canine …
The Naval Policy of Austria-Hungary, 1867-1918
Journal Article The Naval Policy of Austria-Hungary, 1867-1918: Navalism, Industrial Development, and the Politics of Dualism Get access Martin C. Dean Martin C. Dean Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar German History, Volume 13, Issue 3, July 1995, Pages 413–414, https://doi.org/10.1093/gh/13.3.413 Published: 01 July 1995
Rates of dentine mineralization in permanent human teeth
Previous experimental studies have estimated linear rates of dentine formation in modern humans to be close to 4μm day−1. In this study a method similar to that first adopted by Kawasaki, Tanaka and Ishikawa5 was used to estimate linear rates of dentine mineralization over a period of 1200 days in both the cusps and cervical regions of several permanent tooth types. All teeth were from the same individual. Rates in the cusps of teeth with the tal…
Age at death of Gibraltar 2—a reply
A histological reconstruction of dental development in the common chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes
Comparative dental development and microstructure ofProconsulteeth from Rusinga Island, Kenya
A comparative study of cross striation spacings in cuspal enamel and of four methods of estimating the time taken to grow molar cuspal enamel inPan, PongoandHomo
Observations on stria morphology in the lateral enamel ofPongo,HylobatesandProconsulteeth
Boys and Girls and “Boys”
Brief communication
One hundred and fifteen unworn anterior teeth were sectioned longitudinally with a diamond saw and prepared for histological examination by polarized light microscopy. Incremental markings in the enamel of each tooth were used to estimate the average total crown formation times of each tooth type. The total time taken to form the crowns of each tooth type was apportioned by 1) cuspal enamel formation and 2) each tenth percentile of total tooth he…
Developmental Aspects of Sexual Dimorphism in Hominoid Canines
Biology (26 works) · Medicine (22 works) · Dentistry (21 works) · History (19 works) · Art (18 works) · Geography (17 works) · Enamel paint (16 works) · Archaeology (15 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (15 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (14 works)