M A Straus
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 10708 |
|---|---|
| NOME | M A Straus |
| PRENOMES | M A |
| SOBRENOME | Straus |
| ASSINATURA | STRAUS M A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of New Hampshire |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4200-589X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 136 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 3475 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 136 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1951 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2019 |
| ÍNDICE H | 19 |
Concordance Between Parents in Perpetration of Child Mistreatment
Research on child mistreatment tends to focus on the mother or the father as the abusing parent, even though there is wide agreement that both theory and practice should deal with child maltreatment as a family system problem. Most children have the benefit or the risk of more than one caretaker for substantial periods of their lives, most often two parents or stepparents. This article is intended to illustrate the value of research which uses co…
Testing the Link Between Dyadic Concordance in Corporal Punishment, Positive Parenting, and Crime in An International Sample of Young Adults
Previous research on corporal punishment (CP) has found associations between CP and detrimental child outcomes including depression, behavioural problems, and crime. Conversely, positive parenting has been found to foster positive child outcomes but, positive parenting does not ameliorate the negative effects of CP. To date, research has not examined how parents’ differential use of CP might be related to crime, while still controlling for positi…
Behind Closed Doors
The marriage license as a hitting license, child abuse, sibling war is the powerful message of "Behind Closed Doors". The book is grounded in the unprecedented national survey of the extent, patterns, and causes of violence in the American family. Based on a seven-year study of over 2,000 families, the authors provide landmark insights into this phenomenon of violence and what causes Americans to inflict it on their family members. The authors ex…
Eight New Developments, Uses, and Clarifications of the Conflict Tactics Scales
This article provides information on eight new or previously unpublished aspects of the Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS), including new subscales and scoring methods, short forms, and new or little used methods of analysis, including reevaluation and revisions of two scales. A major section describe ways in which the CTS can be used to implement dyadic analysis, which is an important new development in family research. Finally, a section describes t…
Current Controversies Concerning Gender Differences in Perpetration of Physical Partner Violence
Bridging the two Sides of a 30-Year Controversy over Gender Differences in Perpetration of Physical Partner Violence
Addressing Violence by Female Partners Is Vital to Prevent or Stop Violence Against Women
This article presents a reanalysis of data from Gondolf's (2012) article in this journal on reoffending by men in the 15-month period subsequent to participation in batterer intervention programs. Gondolf concludes that violence by the female partners "was relatively low and does not appear to influence the program outcome in terms of men's reassault" (p. 10). The reanalyzed data lead to the opposite conclusion. The policy and practice implicatio…
Intimate Terrorism” and Gender Differences in Injury of Dating Partners by Male and Female University Students
The Primordial Violence
A CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title 2014! Why do parents hit those they love? What effect does it have on children? What can be done to end this pattern? These are some of the questions explored in The Primordial Violence. Featuring longitudinal data from over 7,000 U.S. families as well as results from a 32 nation study, the book presents the latest research on the extent to which spanking is used in different cultures and the subsequent effects…
Attitudes Toward Interracial Relationships Among College Students
This study uses a sample of college students ( N = 1173) at four American and one Canadian university to examine attitudes toward interracial relationships. The sample allowed for comparison of the attitudes toward interracial relationships at historically Black universities (HBUs) with those at predominantly White universities (PWUs). Results revealed that attitudes toward Black/White relationships were less positive at HBUs, and that overall, B…
Gender symmetry and mutuality in perpetration of clinical-level partner violence
Childhood and Adolescent Victimization and Perpetration of Sexual Coercion by Male and Female University Students
This study examines the extent to which male and female university students use verbal sexual coercion and physically forced sex on a dating partner and tests a theoretical model that specifies that corporal punishment, minor forms of neglect by parents, and sexual abuse increase the probability of sexually coercing and sexually assaulting a partner, and that this relationship is partly mediated by antisocial traits and behavior. A path analysis …
Discipline Methods Used by Mothers
Violence between parents reported by male and female university students
The objective of this paper is to draw attention to and present statistics on the multiple aspects of violence between parents that should be addressed in research and treatment of such cases. In addition to whether the child had witnessed violence between parents, information is needed on the severity and chronicity of the violence witnessed, and whether only one or both parents were violent. Data on these aspects of inter‐parental violence obta…
The National Context Effect
The objective of this study was to investigate whether results from cross-national studies using convenience samples which are not representative of the nation can provide valid cross-national comparisons. Analysis of data from the International Dating Violence Study (IDVS) of university students in 32 nations ( n = 17,404) enabled 18 tests of concurrent validity and found an average correlation of .51 between variables measured by the IDVS measu…
Prevalence of Dating Partner Violence and Suicidal Ideation Among Male and Female University Students Worldwide
This paper presents findings from the International Dating Violence study regarding the prevalence of physical assault, sexual coercion, and suicidal ideation among university students and explores the relationships between suicidal ideation and dating violence. Nearly 16,000 university students from 22 sites in 21 countries were recruited through convenience sampling. The results showed that although there were large differences between countrie…
Polyvictimization by Dating Partners and Mental Health Among U.S. College Students
Studies on mental health effects of partner violence often ignore multiple victimizations or polyvictimization. The current study had several objectives: (a) examine the rate of physical, psychological, and sexual victimization and combinations of them (polyvictimization) among a sample of students at 19 U.S. colleges; (b) examine the association between victimization and depressive symptoms and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms; and (c) examin…
Bucking the Tide in Family Violence Research
This autobiographical article recounts a 60-year career on research and teaching, 40 of which focused on interpersonal violence against other family members. Much of that research was carried despite prevailing beliefs which characterized either the methodology or the theory to be wrong. The article illustrates four underling themes: iconoclasm; capitalizing on chance occurrences to select research topics; the conflict between ideology, evidence,…
Dominance and symmetry in partner violence by male and female university students in 32 nations
Binge drinking and violence against dating partners
Research has consistently shown a link between alcohol use and partner violence (PV). Little is known concerning the strength of this association across cultures and genders, and few have assessed possible mediators. This study assesses the link between binge drinking and PV among 7,921 college students in 38 sites around the world, and investigates the mediating role of antisocial traits and behaviors (ASTB). A significant association was found …
Future Research on Gender Symmetry in Physical Assaults on Partners
In the light of evidence from about 200 studies showing gender symmetry in perpetration of partner assault, research can now focus on why gender symmetry is predominant and on the implications of symmetry for primary prevention and treatment of partner violence. Progress in such research is handicapped by a number of problems: (1) Insufficient empirical research and a surplus of discussion and theory, (2) Blinders imposed by commitment to a singl…
The Effect of Question Order on Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence
A Short Form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales, and Typologies for Severity and Mutuality
The revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) is the most widely used instrument for measuring intimate partner violence. This article presents a short form to enable the CTS2 to be used when testing time is very limited. It also presents procedures that can be used with either the full test or the short form to classify individuals on the basis of severity of behavior toward a partner or by a partner, and to classify couples on the basis of mutuali…
Prevalence of Violence Against Dating Partners by Male and Female University Students Worldwide
This article presents rates of violence against dating partners by students at 31 universities in 16 countries (5 in Asia and the Middle East, 2 in Australia-New Zealand, 6 in Europe, 2 in Latin America, 16 in North America). Assault and injury rates are presented for males and females at each of the 31 universities. At the median university, 29% of the students physically assaulted a dating partner in the previous 12 months (range = 17% to 45%) …
Beating the Devil Out of Them
Based on his studies of over 9,000 families, Murray A. Straus, the foremost researcher on family violence in the world, discusses the extent to which parents in the United States use corporal punishment (such as spanking and slapping) and its effects on their chil-dren. The question of whether corporal punishment is an effective method of discipline is hotly debated. Straus contends that this believed-to-be-minor form of physical violence is prec…
Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence
Development of research on intrafamily and violence requires both conceptual clarity and measures of the concepts. The introduction to this paper therefore seeks to clarifj and distinguish the concepts of conflict, conflict of interest, hostility, and violence. The main part qf the paper describes the Conflict Tactics (CT) Scales. The CT Scales are designed to measure the use qf Reasoning, VerbalAggression, and Violence within the family. Informa…
The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2)
This article describes a revised Conflict Tactics Scales (the CTS2) to measure psychological and physical attacks on a partner in a marital, cohabiting, or dating relationship; and also use of negotiation. The CTS2 has (a) additional items to enhance content validity and reliability; (b) revised wording to increase clarity and specificity; (c) better differentiation between minor and severe levels of each scale; (d) new scales to measure sexual c…
Identification of Child Maltreatment With the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales
Societal Change and Change in Family Violence from 1975 to 1985 as Revealed by Two National Surveys
Comparisons between two national surveys conducted in 1975 and 1985 on the rates of physical violence against children and spouses are presented in this article. The sample consisted of 2143 families in 1975 and 3520 families in 1985. Findings showed that 1) physical child abuse decreased by 47% from 1975 to 1985; 2) wife beating decreased by 27% while severe assaults declined by 4.3%; and 3) despite these reductions the rates of child abuse and …
Prevalence of Violence Against Dating Partners by Male and Female University Students Worldwide
This article presents rates of violence against dating partners by students at 31 universities in 16 countries (5 in Asia and the Middle East, 2 in Australia-New Zealand, 6 in Europe, 2 in Latin America, 16 in North America). Assault and injury rates are presented for males and females at each of the 31 universities. At the median university, 29% of the students physically assaulted a dating partner in the previous 12 months (range = 17% to 45%) …
Cross-Cultural Reliability and Validity of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales
Although the original Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS) have been successfully used in many countries, no studies have been published on the cross-cultural reliability and validity of the revised instrument (CTS2). This study is intended to provide some of the needed psychometric information. It reports reliability and examples of validity evidence for the five CTS2 (physical assault, physical injury, psychological aggression, sexual coercion, and ne…
Escalation and Desistance of Wife Assault in Marriage
This article examines two widely held beliefs concerning the nature of “careers” of wife assault. Most researchers and members of the public believe that assaultive behavior in marriage, once begun, tends to continue for the life of the marriage. It is also commonly believed that minor violence (e.g., slapping, shoving, throwing things at a spouse) is unrelated to severe assaults (e.g., punching, kicking, using a weapon). These beliefs are based …
Social Status and Educational and Occupational Aspiration
found a low correlation between members' rankings of each other on personal liking and their rankings based on contributions of the best ideas. He also found very little relationship between popularity and perceived leadership (asked at the fourth meetings only). He further found that congruence of rankings of liking and rankings of contributions of the best ideas decreased significantly from the first to the fourth meetings, thus contradicting t…
The marriage license as a hitting license
Leveling, Civility, and Violence in the Family
The factual basis for therapy and family advice urging in the sense of giving free expression to aggressive feelings is reviewed and the results of a study of 385 couples presented. The study tested the hypothesis that verbal aggression is a substitute for physical aggression. Opposite results were found: the more verbal expression of aggression, the more physical aggression. A similar analysis of intellectualizing marital conflicts found that su…
Dominance and symmetry in partner violence by male and female university students in 32 nations
Wife's Marital Dependency and Wife Abuse
Data from a nationally representative sample of 2, 143 adult men & women were used to explore the relationship between wives' dependency on marriage and wife abuse. While family violence researchers have posited such a relationship, it has not been empirically demonstrated. The independent variables were indexes of wives' objective (economic) and subjective (perceived) marital dependency. The dependent variables assessed the presence of acts of p…
Physical Violence in American Families
Indicators of gender equality for American states and regions
Four Theories of Rape
Journal Article Four Theories of Rape: A Macrosociological Analysis Get access Larry Baron, Larry Baron Correspondence to: Baron, Center for the Study of Women, 236A Kinsey Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024; or Straus, Family Research Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, 128 Horton Social Science Center, Durham, NH 03824. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M…
The 'Drunken Bum' Theory of Wife Beating
We examine the belief that physical abuse of wives is strongly determined by drunkenness and socioeconomic status using interview data from a nationally representative sample of 5,159 families. Our findings show that excessive drinking is associated with higher wife abuse rates, but alcohol use is not an immediate antecedent ofviolence in the majority of families. The combination of blue-collar status, drinking, and approval of violence is signif…
Social stress and state-to-state differences in smoking and smoking related mortality in the United States
A general systems theory approach to a theory of violence between family members
Race, Class, Network Embeddedness and Family Violence
Phenomenal Identity and Conceptual Equivalence of Measurement in Cross-National Comparative Research
Deferred Gratification, Social Class, and the Achievement Syndrome
The theoretical and research literature on self-imposed postponement of gratifications or satisfactions is reviewed with emphasis on the relation of such a Deferred Gratification Pattern (DGP) to social class and social mobility. Three hypotheses growing out of this review were tested on 338 male high school students. The hypothesis of a deferred gratification pattern received some support from the fact that scales with reproducibilities from .92…
Victims and Aggressors in Marital Violence
Corporal Punishment in Adolescence and Physical Assaults on Spouses in Later Life
Murray A. Straus, Carrie L. Yodanis, Corporal Punishment in Adolescence and Physical Assaults on Spouses in Later Life: What Accounts for the Link?, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 58, No. 4 (Nov., 1996), pp. 825-841
Psychological Aggression by American Parents
This article describes the prevalence of psychological aggression in a nationally representative sample of 991 parents. By child-age 2, 90% reported using one or more forms of psychological aggression during the previous 12 months and 98% by age 5. From ages 6 to 17, the rates continued in the 90% range. The rate of severe psychological aggression was lower: 10%-20% for toddlers and about 50% for teenagers. Prevalence rates greater than 90% and t…
Violence in the American Family
The paper reviews current knowledge on violence between family members in the United States, including how and why family violence became a topic of interest after years of being masked by a public and professional perceptual blackout. It presents data from a nationally representative sample of 2,143 American families that measured the extent of child abuse, wife abuse, husband abuse, and violence between siblings. The paper then reports differen…
Mental Ability and Cultural Needs
Suicide, Homicide, and Social Structure in Ceylon
Homicide rates in Ceylon are among the highest known, but suicide rates are low. In certain respects the pattern of suicide and homicide in Ceylon is essentially similar to that found for Western countries. Subcultural differences are important. A psycho-cultural theory of suicide and homicide is formulated with at least three basic elements: individual personality, tension situations, and culturally permissible alternatives. Variation in permiss…
Childhood Experience and Emotional Security in the Context of Sinhalese Social Organization
Journal Article Childhood Experience and Emotional Security in the Context of Sinhalese Social Organization Get access Murray A. Straus Murray A. Straus Washington State College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 33, Issue 2, December 1954, Pages 152–160, https://doi.org/10.2307/2573539 Published: 01 December 1954
Anal and Oral Frustration in Relation to Sinhalese Personality
Research in the field of culture and personality has accumulated rapidly in recent years. It has had considerable impact both at the theoretical level in the fields of sociology and psychology, and at the practical level in the fields of psychiatry and pediatrics. The conclusions, often graphically presented, from studies of child rearing in various societies have given new vigor to psychoanalytic theories concerning the implications of gratifica…
Social Status and Educational and Occupational Aspiration
found a low correlation between members' rankings of each other on personal liking and their rankings based on contributions of the best ideas. He also found very little relationship between popularity and perceived leadership (asked at the fourth meetings only). He further found that congruence of rankings of liking and rankings of contributions of the best ideas decreased significantly from the first to the fourth meetings, thus contradicting t…
The Role of the Wife in the Settlement of the Columbia Basin Project
Conjugal Power Structure and Adolescent Personality
Support and Power Structure in Sinhalese, Tamil, and Burgher Student Families 1
Deferred Gratification, Social Class, and the Achievement Syndrome
The theoretical and research literature on self-imposed postponement of gratifications or satisfactions is reviewed with emphasis on the relation of such a Deferred Gratification Pattern (DGP) to social class and social mobility. Three hypotheses growing out of this review were tested on 338 male high school students. The hypothesis of a deferred gratification pattern received some support from the fact that scales with reproducibilities from .92…
The Modern Family
Power and Support Structure of the Family in Relation to Socialization
Research on the factor analytic structure of small group interaction, parent-child interaction, and personality traits is reviewed and interpreted within the framework of a circumplex model. This model uses power and support as reference axes around which other patterns of interaction or of personaltiy can be meaningfully arrayed. The circumplex model provides a theoretical map which can be used to order existing data and to generate hypotheses. …
Westernization, Insecurity, and Sinhalese Social Structure
Social Networks and Conjugal Roles
Journal Article Social Networks and Conjugal Roles: A Test of Bott's Hypothesis Get access Joan Aldous, Joan Aldous University of Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Murray A. Straus Murray A. Straus University of Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 44, Issue 4, June 1966, Pages 576–580, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/44.4.576 Published…
Society as a Variable in Comparative Study of the Family by Replication and Secondary Analysis
Family Roles and Sex Differences in Creativity of Children in Bombay and Minneapolis
A test is made of the theory that children's creativity varies according to the degree to which the child's role in the family requires conformity to conventional norms. A test of this conformityinhibition theory is made possible by the known differences in degree to which Indian and American society expect normative conformity of children, and also because both societies expect greater conformity on the part of girls. Creativity was measured by …
Communication, Creativity, and Problem-solving Ability of Middle-and Working-Class Families in Three Societies
Data ability to solve a laboratory problem are reported for samples of middle-and working-class families in Bombay, India; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and San Juan, Puerto Rico. In all three samples, working-class family groups were less successful in solving the problem than middle-class families. In Bombay the differences were so great they could not be encompassed within the same measurement procedures. Tests of three factors which could account f…
Sociological Analysis
Phenomenal Identity and Conceptual Equivalence of Measurement in Cross-National Comparative Research
Family Analysis
Social Class, Fertility, and Authority in Nuclear and Joint Households in Bombay
The results of this study of 1,022 Bombay families shows that households organized in conformity with the traditional preference for patrilineal or fraternal co-residence are relatively rare, constituting only 14% of the total. In the middle class the majority of the families studied were living as nuclear households; among the working class part of the sample, the majority type were extended family households consisting of kin combinations other…
Family Measurement Techniques
Family Analysis
Family Measurement Techniques
Family Measurement Techniques
Urbanization and Family Change
Psychology (118 obras) · Social Psychology (69 obras) · Sociology (65 obras) · Intimate Partner and Family Violence (60 obras) · Medicine (60 obras) · Criminology (54 obras) · Poison control (49 obras) · Political science (45 obras) · Medical emergency (38 obras) · Social Psychology (36 obras)