T Prowse
Biographic Data
| ID | 111799 |
|---|---|
| NAME | T Prowse |
| GIVEN NAMES | T |
| FAMILY NAME | Prowse |
| SIGNATURE | PROWSE T |
| AFFILIATIONS | McMaster University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7594-831X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 45 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 352 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 45 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Intrapopulation Variation in St. Peter’s Medieval (Tenth-Sixteenth Centuries) Cemetery (Osor, Croatia)
This study investigates intrapopulation variation within the medieval cemetery from Osor, Croatia (900–1500s A.D.), by examining diet, nonspecific stress, and mortality risk using multivariable statistical methods. The δ13C and δ15N stable isotope analysis, macroscopic analysis of osteoblastic nonspecific lesions, and age-at-death data were collected for 196 monastic and lay individuals from five burial sectors in St. Peter’s Monastery cemetery. …
Multi-tissue Analysis of Breastfeeding and Weaning in Iron Age (Seventh–Fourth c. B.C.) South Italy
In this study, we investigate breastfeeding and weaning patterns using stable isotope analysis of multipletissues—deciduous and permanent dentin, ribs, and femora—from two Iron Age (seventh–fourth century B.C.) sites in southern Italy. In addition to exploring general patterns of infant and childhood feeding in these samples, our objectives are to determine if weaning occurred earlier among individuals who did not survive childhood, and to examin…
Examining pathogen DNA recovery across the remains of a 14th century Italian friar (Blessed Sante) infected with Brucella melitensis
Bioarchaeological Approaches to the Study of Adolescence
Adolescence is a key phase of the life course in modern western society, yet the study of adolescence in past populations has only recently developed. In this paper, we explore patterns of biological and social changes during adolescence, some of the challenges associated with this type of research, and how bioarchaeologists can explore this transitional period of life using macroscopic and biochemical approaches. We also examine why investigatio…
Assessing Gallo-Roman mobility at the Rue Jacques Brel necropolis site (1st to 3rd c. CE), France
Mediterranean Bioarchaeology, Meta-Analysis and Migration
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Twenty-first century bioarchaeology
This article presents outcomes from a Workshop entitled "Bioarchaeology: Taking Stock and Moving Forward," which was held at Arizona State University (ASU) on March 6-8, 2020. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (ASU), and the Center for Bioarchaeological Research (CBR, ASU), the Workshop's overall goal was to explore reasons why research proposals submitted by bioarchaeologists, both g…
Isola Sacra
Isola Sacra is the name of an artificial island located approximately 20 km southwest of Rome, Italy, between the port cities of Ostia and Portus Romae . The island was created during the construction of the Fossa Traiana in the mid‐first century ce to connect the city of Rome to Portus along the coast via the Tiber River. Isola Sacra is best known for the monumental Roman tombs that line traces of the Via Flavia between Portus and Ostia.
Tracking Roman lead sources using lead isotope analysis. A case study from the imperial rural estate at Vagnari (Puglia, Italy)
Gastrointestinal infection in Italy during the Roman Imperial and Longobard periods
Estimating ancient Huron-Wendat diet in southern Ontario using stable isotopes from dogs
Quantifying cortical bone in fragmentary archeological second metacarpals
Objectives Skeletal variation in cortical bone thickness is an indicator of bone quality and health in archeological populations. Second metacarpal radiogrammetry, which measures cortical thickness at the shaft midpoint, is traditionally used to evaluate bone loss in bioarcheological and some clinical contexts. However fragmentary elements are regularly omitted because the midpoint cannot be determined. This methodological limitation reduces samp…
Child and adolescent diet in Late Roman Gaul
Incremental analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in tooth dentine is used to explore child and adolescent diet among individuals in the Late Roman Michelet Necropolis (Lisieux, France; fourth to fifth centuries CE). We analyzed 292 incremental sections from 46 second and third molars to explore dietary patterns between the ages of 4.5 and 23.5 years. Results indicate that individuals consumed more, or higher trophic level, terrestrial-…
Burial Practices and Tombs in the Roman World
Dental Health and Dietary Difference at Late Roman Winchester
Gendered experiences are not static but are influenced by other aspects of identity. This study investigates the influence of interrelated aspects of identity on diet through an analysis of dental health at Late Roman Winchester (fourth and fifth centuries A.D.), England. Specifically, we investigate the influence of age and social status on gendered dietary experiences. Antemortem tooth loss (AMTL), carious lesions, and tooth wear were recorded …
Imperial Roman mobility and migration at Velia (1st to 2nd c. CE) in southern Italy
Excavations of the Necropolis on the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Maintaining mobility after fracture
Mobility and rickets
The aims of this study are twofold: first, to consider Vitamin D deficiency during two periods of growth and, second, consider Vitamin D deficiency with respect to evidence for migration and mobility in a skeletal assemblage (n = 169) from Aventicum, Roman Switzerland (first to third century CE). Vitamin D deficiency was evaluated macroscopically, and individuals with evidence of Vitamin D deficiency (n = 3) were assessed histologically for inter…
Vitamin D deficiency and the ancient city
Burial Practices and Tombs in the Roman World
Analysis of patterning in the occurrence of skeletal lesions used as indicators of vitamin D deficiency in subadult and adult skeletal remains
A multi-faceted anthropological and genomic approach to framing Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Imperial period central-southern Italy (1st–4th c. CE)
Ancient Roman mitochondrial genomes and isotopes reveal relationships and geographic origins at the local and pan-Mediterranean scales
Investigations at the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari, Puglia (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Isotopic paleodiet studies of skeletons from the Imperial Roman-age cemetery of Isola Sacra, Rome, Italy
Isotopic and dental evidence for infant and young child feeding practices in an imperial Roman skeletal sample
This study integrates isotopic, palaeopathological, and historical evidence to investigate infant and young child feeding practices in a Roman period (1st to 3rd centuries AD) skeletal sample from the Isola Sacra necropolis (Rome, Italy). Stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from 37 rib samples indicates that transitional feeding began by the end of the first year and weaning occurred by 2–2.5 years of age. Both δ 15 N and δ 13 C data clearly…
Isotopic evidence for age‐related immigration to imperial Rome
Oxygen stable isotope ratios (δ 18 O) have been determined in carbonate in paired first and third molar teeth from individuals ( N = 61) who lived in the town of Portus Romae (“Portus”) and who were buried in the necropolis of Isola Sacra (First to Third centuries AD) near Rome, Italy. We compare these analyses with data for deciduous teeth of modern Roman children. Approximately one‐third of the archaeological sample has first molar (M1) values …
Isotopic evidence for age‐related variation in diet from Isola Sacra, Italy
This study examines collagen (N = 105) and apatite (N = 65) data from an Imperial Roman skeletal sample from the necropolis of Isola Sacra (Rome, Italy). This paper explores correlations between the isotopic composition of bone samples and the inferred age and sex of these individuals (aged 5–45+ years). The collagen of males, and older individuals in general, was significantly enriched in 15 N but not 13 C. Bone carbonate was somewhat depleted i…
You are not what you eat during physiological stress
Variation in δ 13 C and δ 15 N values can be assessed to understand not only diet, but also the influence of physiological factors on an individual. The metabolic balance of an individual can impact isotopic signals in tissues that are forming during the periods of metabolic stress. Fluctuating δ 15 N values are associated with physiological stressors that alter an individual's metabolism such as infection, injury, or pregnancy. This study examin…
Twenty-first century bioarchaeology
This article presents outcomes from a Workshop entitled "Bioarchaeology: Taking Stock and Moving Forward," which was held at Arizona State University (ASU) on March 6-8, 2020. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (ASU), and the Center for Bioarchaeological Research (CBR, ASU), the Workshop's overall goal was to explore reasons why research proposals submitted by bioarchaeologists, both g…
Biological continuity between the A- and C-groups in lower Nubia
Data are presented on 45 cranial non-metric traits in skeletal samples of the Lower Nubian A-Group (ca. 3100-2500 BC) and C-Group (ca. 2000-1500 BC) cultural periods. Results, based on the mean measure of divergence statistic, reveal biological continuity, consistent with interpretations of in situ evolution as opposed to models of discontinuity resulting from gene flow. Any differences between the A-and C-Group cultural phases that may be eviden…
Mapping the origins of Imperial Roman workers (1st–4th century CE) at Vagnari, Southern Italy, using 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and δ 18 O variability
Objectives We obtained the oxygen and strontium isotope composition of teeth from Roman period (1st to 4th century CE) inhabitants buried in the Vagnari cemetery (Southern Italy), and present the first strontium isotope variation map of the Italian peninsula using previously published data sets and new strontium data. We test the hypothesis that the Vagnari population was predominantly composed of local individuals, instead of migrants originatin…
Latitude, urbanization, age, and sex as risk factors for vitamin D deficiency disease in the Roman Empire
OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study are to investigate the effects of latitude, settlement type, age, and sex on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency disease in the Roman Empire using human skeletal remains from cemetery sites (1st to 6th cent. AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 2,787 individuals (1,143 subadults, 1,644 adults) from 18 cemeteries associated with 15 different settlements in the Mediterranean and north-western Europe were analyz…
Exploring Dietary Variability in a War of 1812 Skeletal Collection from Stoney Creek, Ontario, Using Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes
Child and adolescent diet in Late Roman Gaul
Incremental analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in tooth dentine is used to explore child and adolescent diet among individuals in the Late Roman Michelet Necropolis (Lisieux, France; fourth to fifth centuries CE). We analyzed 292 incremental sections from 46 second and third molars to explore dietary patterns between the ages of 4.5 and 23.5 years. Results indicate that individuals consumed more, or higher trophic level, terrestrial-…
Ancient Roman mitochondrial genomes and isotopes reveal relationships and geographic origins at the local and pan-Mediterranean scales
Age estimation in older adults
OBJECTIVES: Accurate age estimates are foundational for bioarchaeological research, yet the ability to accurately age older adult skeletons remains elusive. This study uses a new version of pulp/tooth area calculations to investigate chronological age of older archaeological individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pulp/tooth area ratios were calculated on modern control teeth (n = 10) that were first radiographed and then sectioned for comparative an…
Quantifying cortical bone in fragmentary archeological second metacarpals
Objectives Skeletal variation in cortical bone thickness is an indicator of bone quality and health in archeological populations. Second metacarpal radiogrammetry, which measures cortical thickness at the shaft midpoint, is traditionally used to evaluate bone loss in bioarcheological and some clinical contexts. However fragmentary elements are regularly omitted because the midpoint cannot be determined. This methodological limitation reduces samp…
Imperial Roman mobility and migration at Velia (1st to 2nd c. CE) in southern Italy
Mobility and rickets
The aims of this study are twofold: first, to consider Vitamin D deficiency during two periods of growth and, second, consider Vitamin D deficiency with respect to evidence for migration and mobility in a skeletal assemblage (n = 169) from Aventicum, Roman Switzerland (first to third century CE). Vitamin D deficiency was evaluated macroscopically, and individuals with evidence of Vitamin D deficiency (n = 3) were assessed histologically for inter…
Geographic origins of a War of 1812 skeletal sample integrating oxygen and strontium isotopes with GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation analysis
Exploring the Vicus and the Necropolis at the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Vitamin D deficiency and the ancient city
Biological continuity between the A- and C-groups in lower Nubia
Data are presented on 45 cranial non-metric traits in skeletal samples of the Lower Nubian A-Group (ca. 3100-2500 BC) and C-Group (ca. 2000-1500 BC) cultural periods. Results, based on the mean measure of divergence statistic, reveal biological continuity, consistent with interpretations of in situ evolution as opposed to models of discontinuity resulting from gene flow. Any differences between the A-and C-Group cultural phases that may be eviden…
Concordance of cranial and dental morphological traits and evidence for endogamy in ancient Egypt
A biological affinities study based on frequencies of cranial nonmetric traits in skeletal samples from three cemeteries at predynastic Naqada, Egypt, confirms the results of a recent nonmetric dental morphological analysis. Both cranial and dental traits analyses indicate that the individuals buried in a cemetery characterized archaeologically as high status are significantly different from individuals buried in two other, apparently nonelite ce…
Concordance of cranial and dental morphological traits and evidence for endogamy in ancient Egypt
A biological affinities study based on frequencies of cranial nonmetric traits in skeletal samples from three cemeteries at predynastic Naqada, Egypt, confirms the results of a recent nonmetric dental morphological analysis. Both cranial and dental traits analyses indicate that the individuals buried in a cemetery characterized archaeologically as high status are significantly different from individuals buried in two other, apparently nonelite ce…
Isotopic paleodiet studies of skeletons from the Imperial Roman-age cemetery of Isola Sacra, Rome, Italy
Isotopic evidence for age‐related variation in diet from Isola Sacra, Italy
This study examines collagen (N = 105) and apatite (N = 65) data from an Imperial Roman skeletal sample from the necropolis of Isola Sacra (Rome, Italy). This paper explores correlations between the isotopic composition of bone samples and the inferred age and sex of these individuals (aged 5–45+ years). The collagen of males, and older individuals in general, was significantly enriched in 15 N but not 13 C. Bone carbonate was somewhat depleted i…
Isotopic evidence for age‐related immigration to imperial Rome
Oxygen stable isotope ratios (δ 18 O) have been determined in carbonate in paired first and third molar teeth from individuals ( N = 61) who lived in the town of Portus Romae (“Portus”) and who were buried in the necropolis of Isola Sacra (First to Third centuries AD) near Rome, Italy. We compare these analyses with data for deciduous teeth of modern Roman children. Approximately one‐third of the archaeological sample has first molar (M1) values …
Isotopic and dental evidence for infant and young child feeding practices in an imperial Roman skeletal sample
This study integrates isotopic, palaeopathological, and historical evidence to investigate infant and young child feeding practices in a Roman period (1st to 3rd centuries AD) skeletal sample from the Isola Sacra necropolis (Rome, Italy). Stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from 37 rib samples indicates that transitional feeding began by the end of the first year and weaning occurred by 2–2.5 years of age. Both δ 15 N and δ 13 C data clearly…
Isola Sacra
The name Isola Sacra refers to an artificial island located approximately 20 km southwest of Rome, which was created during the construction of the Fossa Traiana in 103 CE to connect the city of Rome to the coast via the Tiber river.
Archaeological Fieldwork Reports
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Vagnari cemetery (Comune di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Exploring the Vicus and the Necropolis at the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Exploring Dietary Variability in a War of 1812 Skeletal Collection from Stoney Creek, Ontario, Using Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes
Research at Vagnari (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
You are not what you eat during physiological stress
Variation in δ 13 C and δ 15 N values can be assessed to understand not only diet, but also the influence of physiological factors on an individual. The metabolic balance of an individual can impact isotopic signals in tissues that are forming during the periods of metabolic stress. Fluctuating δ 15 N values are associated with physiological stressors that alter an individual's metabolism such as infection, injury, or pregnancy. This study examin…
Research at the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari, Puglia (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Geographic origins of a War of 1812 skeletal sample integrating oxygen and strontium isotopes with GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation analysis
Exploring the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari, Puglia (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Burial Practices and Tombs in the Roman World
Analysis of patterning in the occurrence of skeletal lesions used as indicators of vitamin D deficiency in subadult and adult skeletal remains
A multi-faceted anthropological and genomic approach to framing Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Imperial period central-southern Italy (1st–4th c. CE)
Ancient Roman mitochondrial genomes and isotopes reveal relationships and geographic origins at the local and pan-Mediterranean scales
Investigations at the Roman Imperial Estate at Vagnari, Puglia (Comune Di Gravina in Puglia, Provincia Di Bari, Regione Puglia)
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Mapping the origins of Imperial Roman workers (1st–4th century CE) at Vagnari, Southern Italy, using 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and δ 18 O variability
Objectives We obtained the oxygen and strontium isotope composition of teeth from Roman period (1st to 4th century CE) inhabitants buried in the Vagnari cemetery (Southern Italy), and present the first strontium isotope variation map of the Italian peninsula using previously published data sets and new strontium data. We test the hypothesis that the Vagnari population was predominantly composed of local individuals, instead of migrants originatin…
Latitude, urbanization, age, and sex as risk factors for vitamin D deficiency disease in the Roman Empire
OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study are to investigate the effects of latitude, settlement type, age, and sex on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency disease in the Roman Empire using human skeletal remains from cemetery sites (1st to 6th cent. AD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 2,787 individuals (1,143 subadults, 1,644 adults) from 18 cemeteries associated with 15 different settlements in the Mediterranean and north-western Europe were analyz…
Age estimation in older adults
OBJECTIVES: Accurate age estimates are foundational for bioarchaeological research, yet the ability to accurately age older adult skeletons remains elusive. This study uses a new version of pulp/tooth area calculations to investigate chronological age of older archaeological individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pulp/tooth area ratios were calculated on modern control teeth (n = 10) that were first radiographed and then sectioned for comparative an…
Geography (26 works) · Archaeology (23 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (23 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (21 works) · History (13 works) · Medicine (13 works) · Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History (12 works) · Biology (12 works) · Paleopathology and ancient diseases (12 works) · Demography (11 works)