Christopher Uggen
Biographic Data
| ID | 114200 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christopher Uggen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christopher |
| FAMILY NAME | Uggen |
| SIGNATURE | UGGEN C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Minnesota |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3231-5632 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 84 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 2467 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 84 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 24 |
The Changing Nature of Homicide in the Twin Cities
This study tests whether the 2020 police murder of George Floyd produced measurable changes in the quantity and qualities of homicide in Hennepin and Ramsey Counties, Minnesota—the epicenter of the ensuing social unrest—and whether these effects were moderated by neighborhood disadvantage or mediated by changes in police activity. We constructed a weekly panel of 472 census tracts from 2018–2022 ( N = 123,192) using homicide data from the Minneso…
Felony Status, Political Identity, and Civic Engagement
There is a popular, widespread assumption that adults with felony records are overwhelmingly aligned with the Democratic Party. To evaluate this popular belief, we evaluate the partisan orientation and civic participation of nonincarcerated American adults with felony records. We compare three national YouGov surveys fielded after 2022 midterm election: adults with felony records, adults demographically matched to the felony population but not sc…
The racialized packaging of punishment
Research on racial disparities in the criminal legal system generally examines isolated sentencing decisions, rather than the “package” of punishment that defendants experience. Using Minnesota court administrative data from 2004 to 2017, we specify multivariate and instrumental variables models to simultaneously estimate the outcomes of three elements of racialized punishment: incarceration, probation, and monetary sanctions. We instrument incar…
Cumulative Exposure to Police-Involved Shootings and Mental Health Conditions in Minneapolis, Minnesota
Considering the pervasiveness of the “danger imperative” in prisons
The “danger imperative” in policing, as noted by Sierra-Arévalo, defines how officers perceive both their job and the environment in which they work. It is unclear how this may generalize to others working in the public safety field, including prison staff. Although public perceptions and media narratives suggest a preoccupation with danger in American prisons, other narratives, including that of dynamic security and incarcerated people as future…
Discouraging dignity
The Third Shift
Following the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, women took on greater responsibilities as heads of households, lobbied for women’s rights, and entered political positions at unprecedented rates. This article analyses the mass nationwide movement of women into roles as gacaca court judges following the genocide, through interviews with 55 women judges. Specifically, we emphasize both the highs and lows of this experience as compared to their male counterpa…
“It’s two separate systems that … keep you under a thumb”
People simultaneously entangled in multiple state systems are often subject to contradictory legal mandates that can foster distrust and incentivize system avoidance. This study focuses on those indebted to both the child support system and the criminal legal system, a situation we describe as dual debt . We ask whether and how the imposition of legal debts with punitive surveillance and collections mechanisms fosters alienation in the form of le…
Carjacking and homicide in Minneapolis after the police killing of George Floyd
Fines, Fees, and Families
This study examines the intergenerational consequences of court-imposed monetary sanctions for parents and children. Research on punishment and families has generally focused on imprisonment, yet monetary sanctions are far more commonly imposed. We extend research on intergenerational financial exchanges to conceptualize payment of monetary sanctions as stigmatized transfers, analyzing 70 semi-structured interviews with debtholders in Minnesota. …
Judging Genocide
Despite the proliferation of transitional justice, scholars have rarely researched the emotional toll on those who implement transitional justice mechanisms. This article accordingly examines the emotion management techniques employed by eighty-five judges who served in Rwanda’s post-genocide gacaca courts. Most of the intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion management strategies we find are gendered, with men generally emphasizing strength and w…
There's Research on That
This article draws a decade of experience editing and publishing TheSocietyPages.org , and four more years editing Contexts magazine. Both projects work to bring sociological research and insight to broader public audiences, visibility, and impact. Here we build upon Herbert Gans' original call for public sociology and his emphasis on the translation and dissemination of sociological research, insight, and context on social issues and problems fo…
The contingent effect of incarceration on state health outcomes
Improving the health of prisoners can improve the health of the communities to which they return. We consider these results in light of the relative quality of detection and treatment available to underserved populations within and outside prisons
Justice by Geography
Monetary sanctions are a ubiquitous part of court systems. Previous studies have focused largely on these sanctions at the state level or solely on large urban jurisdictions. However, court systems differ considerably across communities of varying population size, composition, and density. This article examines how differences in court structure and organizational dynamics in communities across the rural-urban continuum lead to differences in how…
Native Americans and Monetary Sanctions
Native Americans are disproportionately affected by the criminal legal system, yet comparative analyses of criminal legal outcomes and experiences among racial and ethnic groups rarely center the experiences of Native Americans. This multimethod study examines how monetary sanctions are affecting Native American populations in Minnesota. Drawing on administrative criminal court data and qualitative fieldwork, we find that Native Americans are sub…
Felon history and change in U.S. employment rates
Dual Debtors
Child support arrears and criminal monetary sanctions are two forms of state-imposed debt that have gained increasing attention for their role in perpetuating inequality. Although past research recognizes that both groups of debtors tend to be socioeconomically disadvantaged and are disproportionately members of marginalized racial groups, the overlap between these populations has not been examined. Our study uses administrative data to link indi…
Fostering Desistance
In the past three decades, social scientists have made real progress in understanding “desistance,” or the process of transitioning away from criminal behavior. Yet criminal justice policies and practices have been slow to adopt the lessons of life course criminology. Connecting research on desistance theories, particularly identity-based theories, to reentry policies is crucial to understanding the context of criminal offending. Repeated interac…
Before and After Ban the Box
Ban the Box (BTB) laws are an anti-discrimination policy intended to promote employment for persons with criminal records. However, research on law and organizations shows that firms often fail to comply with legal directives or engage in symbolic compliance that fails to alter day-to-day business practices. We consider whether BTB contributed to attitudinal or behavioral shifts among hiring managers and changes in job applications. We analyze a …
Consequences of judging in transitional justice courts
Research has found that participation in transitional justice (TJ) is associated with increased social capital and decreased well-being. This article extends this scholarship by examining how TJ mechanisms affect the social capital and well-being of the people who implement them via interviews with 135 Rwandan gacaca court judges. In terms of well-being, judges discuss pride and confidence yet also highlight stress and trauma. In terms of social …
Toward a Criminology of Sexual Harassment
Public attention to sexual harassment has increased sharply with the rise of the #MeToo movement, although the phenomenon has sustained strong scientific and policy interest for almost 50 years. A large and impressive interdisciplinary scholarly literature has emerged over this period, yet the criminology of sexual harassment has been slow to develop. This review considers how criminological theory and research can advance knowledge on sexual har…
We Came To Realize We Are Judges’
In the wake of the 1994 genocide, Rwanda’s government created the Gacaca courts to hold suspected perpetrators accountable. Although much has been written about these courts, researchers know comparatively less about the 250,000 individuals who served as Gacaca court judges (inyangamugayo). We draw upon 135 interviews to explore how the inyangamugayo entered and adapted to their new public roles as moral arbiters, how these judges understood Gaca…
Criminal records and college admissions
In this article, we consider the effect of criminal records on college admissions. Nearly 72 percent of colleges require criminal history information during their application processes, which indicates that an applicant's criminal history could be a significant impediment to achieving the benefits associated with higher education. We conducted a modified experimental audit to learn whether and to what extent criminal records affect admissions dec…
Consistency and Compensation in Mercy
This multi-method paper presents a model of individual and contextual variation in commutation, a form of clemency that lessens the severity of criminal sentences. In the contemporary US context of high incarceration, commutation is one of few “back-end” mechanisms available for early release. We first describe national trends, showing a significant decline in commutation releases, as well as great geographic variation. We then test whether commu…
Community and Crime
Incarceration and Stratification
In the past three decades, incarceration has become an increasingly powerful force for reproducing and reinforcing social inequalities. A new wave of sociological research details the contemporary experiment with mass incarceration in the United States and its attendant effects on social stratification. This review first describes the scope of imprisonment and the process of selection into prison. It then considers the implications of the prison …
Work as a Turning Point in the Life Course of Criminals
Sociologists have increasingly emphasized "turningpoints" in explaining behavioral change over the life course. Is work a turning point in the life course of criminal offenders? If criminals are provided with jobs, are they likely to stop committing crimes? Prior research is inconclusive because work effects have been biased by selectivity and obscured by the interaction of age and employment. This study yields more refined estimates by specifyin…
Democratic Contraction? Political Consequences of Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States
Universal suffrage is a cornerstone of democratic governance. As levels of criminal punishment have risen in the United States, however, an ever-larger number of citizens have lost the right to vote. The authors ask whether felon disenfranchisement constitutes a meaningful reversal of the extension of voting rights by considering its political impact. Data from legal sources, election studies, and inmate surveys are examined to consider two count…
The Endogeneity of Legal Regulation
Most accounts of organizations and law treat law as largely exogenous and emphasize organizations' responses to law. This study proposes a model of endogeneity among organizations, the professions, and legal institutions. It suggests that organizations and the professions strive to construct rational responses to law, enabled by "rational myths" or stories about appropriate solutions that are themselves modeled after the public legal order. Court…
The Edge of Stigma
Ample experimental evidence shows that the stigma of a prison record reduces employment opportunities (Pager, 2007). Yet background checks today uncover a much broader range of impropriety, including arrests for minor crimes never resulting in formal charges. This article probes the lesser boundaries of stigma, asking whether and how employers consider low‐level arrests in hiring decisions. Matched pairs of young African American and White men we…
Sexual Harassment, Workplace Authority, and the Paradox of Power
Power is at the core of feminist theories of sexual harassment, although it has rarely been measured directly in terms of workplace authority. Popular characterizations portray male supervisors harassing female subordinates, but power-threat theories suggest that women in authority may be more frequent targets. This article analyzes longitudinal survey data and qualitative interviews from the Youth Development Study to test this idea and to delin…
Citizenship, Democracy, and the Civic Reintegration of Criminal Offenders
Convicted felons face both legal and informal barriers to becoming productive citizens at work, responsible citizens in family life, and active citizens in their communities. As criminal punishment has increased in the United States, collateral sanctions such as voting restrictions have taken on new meaning. The authors place such restrictions in comparative context and consider their effects on civil liberties, democratic institutions, and civic…
Sexual Harassment as a Gendered Expression of Power
Drawing on recent insights from the study of legal consciousness and gender relations, the authors test the generality of Catharine MacKinnon's theory of the sexual harassment of adult women. Survey and interview data from the Youth Development Study and the General Social Survey are analyzed to identify a behavioral syndrome of sexual harassment for males and females during adolescence and young adulthood and to compare the syndrome against subj…
Ballot Manipulation and the 'Menace of Negro Domination
Criminal offenders in the United States typically forfeit voting rights as a collateral consequence of their felony convictions. This article analyzes the origins and development of these state felon disenfranchisement provisions. Because these laws tend to dilute the voting strength of racial minorities, we build on theories of group threat to test whether racial threat influenced their passage. Many felon voting bans were passed in the late 186…
Out and Down
Psychiatric disorders are unusually prevalent among current and former inmates, but it is not known what this relationship reflects. A putative causal relationship is contaminated by assorted influences, including childhood disadvantage, the early onset of most disorders, and the criminalization of substance use. Using the National Comorbidity Survey Replication ( N = 5692), we examine the relationship between incarceration and psychiatric disord…
The Growth, Scope, and Spatial Distribution of People With Felony Records in the United States, 1948–2010
The steep rise in U.S. criminal punishment in recent decades has spurred scholarship on the collateral consequences of imprisonment for individuals, families, and communities. Several excellent studies have estimated the number of people who have been incarcerated and the collateral consequences they face, but far less is known about the size and scope of the total U.S. population with felony convictions beyond prison walls, including those who s…
Incarceration and the Health of the African American Community
This article reviews evidence linking incarceration and health, with a particular focus on African Americans, who are disproportionately affected by the incarceration system. Although inmates generally suffer from worse health than comparable, non-institutionalized adults, this comparison is not uniformly the case, and some of the strongest negative effects of incarceration emerge after release, suggesting that the struggles of reintegration into…
Crime in the Breaking
Despite increasing interest in understanding patterns of criminal behavior over the life course and, especially, desistance from crime, evidence about the predictors of these experiences has been derived only from samples of male offenders. We evaluate whether there are gender differences in the predictors of both self-reported illegal earnings and arrest among samples of recently released male and female offenders. Our analysis of gender differe…
Criminal records and college admissions
In this article, we consider the effect of criminal records on college admissions. Nearly 72 percent of colleges require criminal history information during their application processes, which indicates that an applicant's criminal history could be a significant impediment to achieving the benefits associated with higher education. We conducted a modified experimental audit to learn whether and to what extent criminal records affect admissions dec…
Legal Consciousness and Responses to Sexual Harassment
Studies of legal mobilization often focus on people who have perceived some wrong, but these studies rarely consider the process that selects them into the pool of potential “mobilizers.” Similarly, studies of victimization or targeting rarely go on to consider what people do about the wrong, or why some targets come forward and others remain silent. We here integrate sociolegal, feminist, and criminological theories in a conceptual model that tr…
Legal Ambiguity in Managerial Assessments of Criminal Records
In an age of widespread background checks, we ask how managers in different organizational contexts navigate legal ambiguity in assessing applicants' criminal history information, based on interview data obtained in a recent field experiment. The study builds on institutional analyses of the social sources of workplace legality to describe how employers consider applicants with criminal histories. We find that some organizations set explicit stan…
Punishment and Democracy
As levels of criminal punishment have risen in the United States, more and more citizens have been disenfranchised because of a felony conviction. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the unique practice of felon disenfranchisement in the United States today. We focus in particular on the political impact of disenfranchising large numbers of nonincarcerated felons—those who have served their entire sentences and those living in their h…
Public Attitudes Toward Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States
Journal Article Public Attitudes Toward Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States Get access Jeff Manza, Jeff Manza Northwestern University Address correspondence to Jeff Manza; e-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clem Brooks, Clem Brooks Indiana University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Christopher Uggen Christopher Uggen University…
The Socioeconomic Determinants of Ill-Gotten Gains
Generalizing from the sociology of earnings attainment, we develop a conceptual model of social embeddedness in conventional and criminal activities to explain illegal earnings among criminal offenders. To isolate the effects of time‐varying factors such as legal earnings, drug use, and criminal opportunities, we use data from the National Supported Work Demonstration Project to estimate fixed‐effects models predicting month‐to‐month changes in i…
Ex-Offenders and the Conformist Alternative
Criminologists from diverse theoretical perspectives have long asserted that the quality of employment is more strongly associated with criminal behavior than its presence or absence. By this argument, “good jobs” or “meaningful work” are necessary to induce offenders to desist from crime. This paper constructs a satisfaction-based measure of job quality using data from the National Supported Work Demonstration and the 1977 Quality of Employment …
Settling Down and Aging Out
Conceptions of adulthood have changed dramatically in recent decades. Despite such changes, however, the notion that young people will eventually "settle down" and desist from delinquent behaviors is remarkably persistent. This article unites criminology with classic work on age norms and role behavior to contend that people who persist in delinquency will be less likely to make timely adult transitions. The empirical analysis supports this propo…
Criminal Record Questions in the Era of “Ban the Box”
Research Summary This study examines three central questions about criminal record inquiries on job applications, which is a rapidly developing area in criminology and public policy. We find the following: (1) Among the 78% of employers who ask about records, specific application questions vary greatly regarding the severity and timing of offenses. (2) Applications for restaurant positions are least likely to inquire about criminal histories, whe…
The Economic and Career Effects of Sexual Harassment on Working Women
Many working women will experience sexual harassment at some point in their careers. While some report this harassment, many leave their jobs to escape the harassing environment. This mixed-methods study examines whether sexual harassment and subsequent career disruption affect women's careers. Using in-depth interviews and longitudinal survey data from the Youth Development Study, we examine the effect of sexual harassment for women in the early…
Public criminologies
Research Summary Public scholarship aspires to bring social science home to the individuals, communities, and institutions that are its focus of study. In particular, it seeks to narrow the yawning gap between public perceptions and the best available scientific evidence on issues of public concern. Yet nowhere is the gap between perceptions and evidence greater than in the study of crime. Here, we outline the prospects for a public criminology, …
Alcohol and Employment in the Transition to Adulthood
We elaborate the relationship between work hours and alcohol use during the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Both hours of employment and drinking may be products of weak bonds to school and family. Alternatively, work may exert an independent effect on alcohol use by exposing adolescents to opportunities and associates that facilitate drinking. Using longitudinal data from the Youth Development Study (YDS), we present static score regre…
Reintegrating Braithwaite
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Beyond Calvin and Hobbes
In his generous reply to my essay, Professor Braithwaite makes a number of informative extensions and clarifications of his theory of reintegrative shaming. Although this response resolves many of our differences, I would like to briefly revisit the three issues that sparked Braithwaite's strongest reaction: my contentions (1) that use of the theory to guide public policy would sacrifice individual rights; (2) that the theory makes incompatible a…
Beyond Calvin and Hobbes
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Reintegrating Braithwaite
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Crime in the Breaking
Despite increasing interest in understanding patterns of criminal behavior over the life course and, especially, desistance from crime, evidence about the predictors of these experiences has been derived only from samples of male offenders. We evaluate whether there are gender differences in the predictors of both self-reported illegal earnings and arrest among samples of recently released male and female offenders. Our analysis of gender differe…
Volunteerism and Arrest in the Transition to Adulthood
Tocqueville ([1835] 1956) posited that "by dint of working for one's fellow citizens, the habit and taste for serving them is at length acquired" (197). Informal social control theories similarly suggest that voluntary service gradually draws persons to virtue. Are volunteers less likely to breach the social contract? This article estimates the effects of volunteer experiences on the occurrence and timing of arrest using data from the Youth Devel…
Ex-Offenders and the Conformist Alternative
Criminologists from diverse theoretical perspectives have long asserted that the quality of employment is more strongly associated with criminal behavior than its presence or absence. By this argument, “good jobs” or “meaningful work” are necessary to induce offenders to desist from crime. This paper constructs a satisfaction-based measure of job quality using data from the National Supported Work Demonstration and the 1977 Quality of Employment …
The Endogeneity of Legal Regulation
Most accounts of organizations and law treat law as largely exogenous and emphasize organizations' responses to law. This study proposes a model of endogeneity among organizations, the professions, and legal institutions. It suggests that organizations and the professions strive to construct rational responses to law, enabled by "rational myths" or stories about appropriate solutions that are themselves modeled after the public legal order. Court…
Men and Women of Elite Law Firms
This paper tests the effects of minority partner representation on minority associate representation in a sample of 97 law firms from 1980 to 1990. We perform separate analyses for women, African Americans, Hispanics, and Asian Americans, and we consider both within-group and cross-group effects. We find that minority partner representation has a positive effect on minority associate representation, which is statistically significant in the case …
Class, Gender, and Arrest
Power‐control theory posits that parental workplace positions affect adolescent law violation. To date, however, no test of the theory has directly measured occupational power and control. This paper tests whether parental and adolescent workplace freedom and control affect criminal behavior and arrest as the theory predicts, using data from a prospective longitudinal survey of 1, 000 adolescents and their parents. The results suggest sex differe…
Work as a Turning Point in the Life Course of Criminals
Sociologists have increasingly emphasized "turningpoints" in explaining behavioral change over the life course. Is work a turning point in the life course of criminal offenders? If criminals are provided with jobs, are they likely to stop committing crimes? Prior research is inconclusive because work effects have been biased by selectivity and obscured by the interaction of age and employment. This study yields more refined estimates by specifyin…
Alcohol and Employment in the Transition to Adulthood
We elaborate the relationship between work hours and alcohol use during the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Both hours of employment and drinking may be products of weak bonds to school and family. Alternatively, work may exert an independent effect on alcohol use by exposing adolescents to opportunities and associates that facilitate drinking. Using longitudinal data from the Youth Development Study (YDS), we present static score regre…
Career Jobs, Survival Jobs, and Employee Deviance
We examine the relationship between career stakes, or the fit between workers' current jobs and their long-term career plans, and employee deviance. Most prior research has focused on the link between job satisfaction and deviance, but career stakes may be a more salient and theoretically relevant measure of workers' investments in their present positions, particularly in young adulthood. We hypothesize that people whose current jobs match their …
Democratic Contraction? Political Consequences of Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States
Universal suffrage is a cornerstone of democratic governance. As levels of criminal punishment have risen in the United States, however, an ever-larger number of citizens have lost the right to vote. The authors ask whether felon disenfranchisement constitutes a meaningful reversal of the extension of voting rights by considering its political impact. Data from legal sources, election studies, and inmate surveys are examined to consider two count…
Felon Voting Rights and the Disenfranchisement of African Americans
The centrality of race for American political development is by now well understood. Social scientists have traced the interaction between race and the construction of federal political institutions, the class/race (or gender/race) nexus in public policymaking, and the effect of racial attitudes and racism on the political beliefs and policy preferences of citizens and policymakers alike. In recent years, research and theories about the American …
Ballot Manipulation and the 'Menace of Negro Domination
Criminal offenders in the United States typically forfeit voting rights as a collateral consequence of their felony convictions. This article analyzes the origins and development of these state felon disenfranchisement provisions. Because these laws tend to dilute the voting strength of racial minorities, we build on theories of group threat to test whether racial threat influenced their passage. Many felon voting bans were passed in the late 186…
The Socioeconomic Determinants of Ill-Gotten Gains
Generalizing from the sociology of earnings attainment, we develop a conceptual model of social embeddedness in conventional and criminal activities to explain illegal earnings among criminal offenders. To isolate the effects of time‐varying factors such as legal earnings, drug use, and criminal opportunities, we use data from the National Supported Work Demonstration Project to estimate fixed‐effects models predicting month‐to‐month changes in i…
Public Attitudes Toward Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States
Journal Article Public Attitudes Toward Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States Get access Jeff Manza, Jeff Manza Northwestern University Address correspondence to Jeff Manza; e-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clem Brooks, Clem Brooks Indiana University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Christopher Uggen Christopher Uggen University…
Punishment and Democracy
As levels of criminal punishment have risen in the United States, more and more citizens have been disenfranchised because of a felony conviction. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the unique practice of felon disenfranchisement in the United States today. We focus in particular on the political impact of disenfranchising large numbers of nonincarcerated felons—those who have served their entire sentences and those living in their h…
Sexual Harassment as a Gendered Expression of Power
Drawing on recent insights from the study of legal consciousness and gender relations, the authors test the generality of Catharine MacKinnon's theory of the sexual harassment of adult women. Survey and interview data from the Youth Development Study and the General Social Survey are analyzed to identify a behavioral syndrome of sexual harassment for males and females during adolescence and young adulthood and to compare the syndrome against subj…
The Declining Significance of Race in Federal Civil Rights Law
We examine changes in the nature and rate of complaints filed with the federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in the past 35 years. The EEOC's role has shifted over this period from ensuring job access for racial minorities to providing diverse protections for a much broader class of incumbent workers. We first describe trends in discrimination complaints, most notably the shift from racial discrimination to other bases of discrim…
Criminal Disenfranchisement
Felon disenfranchisement has recently emerged as an issue of intense public concern and scholarly interest. This review highlights the broad range of socio-legal issues implicated by the practice of denying convicted felons the right to vote by considering the history, impact, and contemporary legal and scholarly debates surrounding the practice. Although race-neutral on their face, many U.S. laws stem from a history of racial discrimination and …
Locked OutFelon Disenfranchisement and American Democracy
5.4 million Americans—one in every forty voting age adults—are denied the right to participate in democratic elections because of a past or current felony conviction. In several American states, one in four black men cannot vote due to a felony conviction. In a country that prides itself on universal suffrage, how did the United States come to deny a voice to such a large percentage of its citizenry? What are the consequences of large-scale disen…
Citizenship, Democracy, and the Civic Reintegration of Criminal Offenders
Convicted felons face both legal and informal barriers to becoming productive citizens at work, responsible citizens in family life, and active citizens in their communities. As criminal punishment has increased in the United States, collateral sanctions such as voting restrictions have taken on new meaning. The authors place such restrictions in comparative context and consider their effects on civil liberties, democratic institutions, and civic…
Dirty Bombs and Garbage Cases
Christopher Uggen Dirty Bombs and Garbage Cases AS AM ERICA’ S CORRECTIONAL POPULATIONS HAVE ROCKETED UPWARD since the 1970s, researchers have quite properly focused attention on prisons and prisoners. Yet exam inations of the US punishm ent record m ust look beyond prison gates, as crim inal justice sanctions also trig ger a range of formal and inform al collateral consequences. For those so punished, em ploym ent restrictions and other collate…
Psychology (58 works) · Political science (54 works) · Criminology (51 works) · Sociology (51 works) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (45 works) · Law (45 works) · Social Psychology (39 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (35 works) · Law (27 works) · Economics (24 works)