A Kimball Romney
Biographic Data
| ID | 1231 |
|---|---|
| NAME | A Kimball Romney |
| GIVEN NAMES | A Kimball |
| FAMILY NAME | Romney |
| SIGNATURE | ROMNEY A K |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Irvine |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 61 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1402 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 61 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1956 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Research Methods in Social Network Analysis
Handbook of Middle American Indians, Volume 6
Gender and Age Differences in Same-Sex Aggregation and Social Behavior
Children's tendencies to aggregate with same-sex others and to increase spatial experience with age are investigated among 3- to 9-year-olds in four non-Western communities. Also investigated are genderspecific social behaviors, labeled by Eleanor Maccoby as male-styleand female-styleplay. Analysis of naturalistic observations of daily activities indicate that during free time in all cultures, older children (7- and 9-year-olds) are much more inv…
Cultural, Gender, and Individual Differences in Perceptual and Semantic Structures of Basic Colors in Chinese and English
In this paper we examine the judged similarity among the eight basic focal colors, and their names, among female and male Chinese (n = 68) and English (n = 52) speaking respondents. The major findings are: (1) all respondents share approximately sixty percent of their knowledge of the judged similarity structures of both semantic and perceptual tasks, (2) there are genuine individual differences among respondents that account for about fourteen p…
Consensus Analysis for the Measurement and Validation of Personality Traits
The authors apply the cultural consensus model to the domain of personality and investigate (1) the level of consensus among informants' judgments on two traits, sociability and responsibility, and (2) the extent to which their judgments are veridical in that they measure differences among people that correspond to independent and external criteria. Two scales, responsibility and sociability from the California Personality Inventory (CPI) and the…
Systemic Culture Patterns as Basic Units of Cultural Transmission and Evolution
The authors suggest that with slight modifications, the concept of systemic culture pattern as originally defined by Kroeber provides one ideal basic unit of study for culture. Prototypic examples of systemic culture patterns include phonemic structure and kinship terminological structure, both of which are paradigms. The significant elements in each may be partitioned in terms of a limited number of universal features. Kroeber’s original list pr…
The Universality of the Semantic Structure of Emotion Terms
The issue of cultural universals versus linguistic relativity is currently one of the most intensely debated topics in sociocultural anthropology. Emotion terms have long served as a contested area and we provide a brief review. The primary aim of the paper is to introduce methods that facilitate the objective analysis of empirical findings on the extent to which semantic structure is shared among different languages. The main finding of this pap…
Culture Consensus as a Statistical Model
Cultural Consensus as as a Statistical Model
Toward a Theory of Culture as Shared Cognitive Structures
A small but important aspect of culture consists of shared cognitive representations of semantic structures that reside as localized functional units in the minds of individuals. In this article we discuss the cognitive and biological foundations for a model of culture as shared cognitive representations and summarize empirical evidence for predictions derived from the model. The structure of semantic domains such as the names of colors, animals,…
Regions Based on Social Structure
Boas argued that anthropologists should make historical comparisons within well-defined regional contexts. A century later, we have many improvements in the statistical methodologies for comparative research, yet most of our regional constructs remain without a valid empirical basis. We present a new method for developing and testing regions. The method takes into account older anthropological concerns with relationships between culture history a…
Predicting Similarity in Material Culture among New Guinea Villages from Propinquity and Language
Flagship Journal
Material Culture, Geographic Propinquity, and Linguistic Affiliation on the North Coast of New Guinea
Welsch et al. (1992) study the frequency of occurrence of 47 artifact types across 31 villages on the North Coast of New Guinea. They find variation in assemblages of material culture to be associated with geographic propinquity only, with linguistic relations having virtually no effect. Our reanalysis, which suggests that language and propinquity have equally strong effects, has important theoretical implications for the study of culture, past a…
Longitudinal approach to subgroup formation
Cultural consensus and social intelligence
Conflict and quitting in the monday nite pool league
Models of attitudes and emotional conflicts related to players quitting a recreational pool league, developed in an earlier study, are tested with follow‐up data collected 2 years after the original data were collected. The earlier study suggested that some players quit because of psychologically uncomfortable levels of approach‐avoidance and tension‐relief conflicts that derive from the social context in which the game is played and, to some ext…
Four on Methods from Sage
Research Methods in Social Network Analysis
Based on a conference held in Laguna Beach, CA, 1980. Comprises 14 essays on network representations and boundaries, relational structure, clustering and positioning of actors. No index. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or
Metric Scaling
Systematic Data Collection
Introduction to Structured Interviewing Defining a Domain and Free Listing Pile Sort I Single Sorts Pile Sort II Successive Sorts and the Construction of Taxonomies and Trees Triadic Comparisons Rating Scales Rank Order Methods Complete and Partial Techniques Balanced-Incomplete Block Designs Sentence Frame Formats Other Common Structured Formats Dichotomous, Multiple Choice, Fill-in-the-Blank, Matching, Direct Estimation, and Pick N Reliability,…
Test Theory without an Answer Key
A general model is presented for homogeneous, dichotomous items when the answer key is not known a priori. The model is structurally related to the two-class latent structure model with the roles of respondents and items interchanged. For very small sets of respondents, iterative maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters can be obtained by existing methods. For other situations, new estimation methods are developed and assessed with Monte Ca…
Interpreting Consensus
A Reanalysis of Murdock's Model for Social Structure Based On Optimal Scaling
A REANALYSIS OF MURDOCK'S MODEL FOR SOCIAL STRUCTURE BASED ON OPTIMAL SCALING John W. M. Whiting, * M. L. Burton, A. K. C. C. Moore, and D. R. White** Romney, Murdock's Social Structure (1949) is widely regarded as his most important work, the masterpiece exemplifying his approach to cross- cultural research. Often considered to be a modern classic-chosen by Barnes (1971), for example, as one of three important approaches to the study of kinship-…
Recent Applications of Cultural Consensus Theory
Culture as Consensus
This paper presents and tests a formal mathematical model for the analysis of informant responses to systematic interview questions. We assume a situation in which the ethnographer does not know how much each informant knows about the cultural domain under consideration nor the answers to the questions. The model simultaneously provides an estimate of the cultural competence or knowledge of each informant and an estimate of the correct answer to …
Cognitive Structure and Informant Accuracy
The problem of informant accuracy is examined in light of principles of memory organization from cognitive psychology. These principles turn out to be powerful, not only in explaining overall patterns of informant error, but in predicting details about the types of errors made. Predictions are made in terms both of different kinds of informants and different kinds of objects. All the predictions are strongly supported by the data. Finally, in the…
Cognitive Aspects of English Kin Terms
Recent Applications of Cultural Consensus Theory
Regions Based on Social Structure
Boas argued that anthropologists should make historical comparisons within well-defined regional contexts. A century later, we have many improvements in the statistical methodologies for comparative research, yet most of our regional constructs remain without a valid empirical basis. We present a new method for developing and testing regions. The method takes into account older anthropological concerns with relationships between culture history a…
Culture Consensus as a Statistical Model
Sibling Terminology and Cross-Sex Behavior1
This paper examines variations among sibling terminologies and suggests a functional explanation for selected aspects of the differences among systems. It presents evidence to suggest that behavior that places emphasis on cross-sex relations will lend to produce terminologies in which siblings of the same sex are distinguished from siblings of the opposite sex. A possible typology of kinds of sibling terminologies is given
The Universality of the Semantic Structure of Emotion Terms
The issue of cultural universals versus linguistic relativity is currently one of the most intensely debated topics in sociocultural anthropology. Emotion terms have long served as a contested area and we provide a brief review. The primary aim of the paper is to introduce methods that facilitate the objective analysis of empirical findings on the extent to which semantic structure is shared among different languages. The main finding of this pap…
Words, Deeds and Social Structure
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Linton Freeman, A. Romney; Words, Deeds and Social Structure: A Preliminary Study of the Reliability of Informants. Human Organization 1 December 1987; 46 (4): 330–334. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.46.4.u122402864140315 Download cit…
Toward a Theory of Culture as Shared Cognitive Structures
A small but important aspect of culture consists of shared cognitive representations of semantic structures that reside as localized functional units in the minds of individuals. In this article we discuss the cognitive and biological foundations for a model of culture as shared cognitive representations and summarize empirical evidence for predictions derived from the model. The structure of semantic domains such as the names of colors, animals,…
The Construction of Primary Data in Cultural Anthropology
Material Culture, Geographic Propinquity, and Linguistic Affiliation on the North Coast of New Guinea
Welsch et al. (1992) study the frequency of occurrence of 47 artifact types across 31 villages on the North Coast of New Guinea. They find variation in assemblages of material culture to be associated with geographic propinquity only, with linguistic relations having virtually no effect. Our reanalysis, which suggests that language and propinquity have equally strong effects, has important theoretical implications for the study of culture, past a…
A Simplified Model of Kariera Kinship
A Method for Testing Alternative Theories
A Multidimensional Representation of Role Terms
This article discusses a sorting task which has wide applications in anthropology. The task is illustrated with a study of English role terms. Several interesting dimensions emerge through multidimensional and hierarchical analyses of the sorting data
Predicting Similarity in Material Culture among New Guinea Villages from Propinquity and Language
Cultural Consensus as as a Statistical Model
Descriptive Semantics of Tzeltal Numeral Classifiers1
A Reanalysis of Murdock's Model for Social Structure Based On Optimal Scaling
A REANALYSIS OF MURDOCK'S MODEL FOR SOCIAL STRUCTURE BASED ON OPTIMAL SCALING John W. M. Whiting, * M. L. Burton, A. K. C. C. Moore, and D. R. White** Romney, Murdock's Social Structure (1949) is widely regarded as his most important work, the masterpiece exemplifying his approach to cross- cultural research. Often considered to be a modern classic-chosen by Barnes (1971), for example, as one of three important approaches to the study of kinship-…
The Myth of a Sub-Culture of Corporal Punishment
This paper addresses the question of whether adolescents coming from families using physical punishment have disciplinary beliefs similar to adolescents coming from families not using physical punishment. A related question is whether different ethnic groups share similar disciplinary beliefs. Anglo and Hispanic adolescents were asked to judge the appropriateness of certain disciplinary actions for specific teenage misbehaviors and asked if
Concepts of success and failure
Love Magic and Socialization Anxiety
Kalmuk Mongol and the Classification of Lineal Kinship Terminologies
Guatemalan and U.S. Concepts of Success and Failure
Systemic Culture Patterns as Basic Units of Cultural Transmission and Evolution
The authors suggest that with slight modifications, the concept of systemic culture pattern as originally defined by Kroeber provides one ideal basic unit of study for culture. Prototypic examples of systemic culture patterns include phonemic structure and kinship terminological structure, both of which are paradigms. The significant elements in each may be partitioned in terms of a limited number of universal features. Kroeber’s original list pr…
Culture and Experience. A. Irving Hallowell
Ethnology and Ethnography
On the Processes of Change in Kinship Terminology
The Theory of Social Structure (With a Memoir by Meyer Fortes). S. F. Nadel
A Simplified Model of Kariera Kinship
Variations in Value Orientations
Social reinforcement in attitude change
Other
Love Magic and Socialization Anxiety
Summary of Participants' Discussion
Cognitive Aspects of English Kin Terms
Descriptive Semantics of Tzeltal Numeral Classifiers1
Kalmuk Mongol and the Classification of Lineal Kinship Terminologies
Sibling Terminology and Cross-Sex Behavior1
This paper examines variations among sibling terminologies and suggests a functional explanation for selected aspects of the differences among systems. It presents evidence to suggest that behavior that places emphasis on cross-sex relations will lend to produce terminologies in which siblings of the same sex are distinguished from siblings of the opposite sex. A possible typology of kinds of sibling terminologies is given
Comparison of genetic and anthropological interpretations of population isolates in Aguacatenango, Chiapas, Mexico
Intensive demographic and genetic studies were made of Aguacatenango, a partial isolate population in Chiapas, Mexico. The census showed higher rates of birth than mortality, with a stable population maintained by emigration. Complete enumeration showed many discrepancies between the ideal and actual mating patterns. Though ideally an endogamous town, many marriages were to outsiders. Also many occurred between the two allegedly endogamous barrio…
Multidimensional scaling; theory and applications in the behavioral sciences.
Multidimensional Scaling
A normalization procedure for correcting biased response data
Multidimensional Scaling
A Multidimensional Representation of Role Terms
This article discusses a sorting task which has wide applications in anthropology. The task is illustrated with a study of English role terms. Several interesting dimensions emerge through multidimensional and hierarchical analyses of the sorting data
Cognitive Pluralism or Individual Differences
This paper uses multidimensional scaling (MDS) to compare alternative models of kinship terms of American English. It thereby inquires into whether the same person can operate with alternative cognitive structures when the verbal context of the kinship terms is systematically modified by the presence (as in the Wallace-Atkins model) or the absence (as in the Romney-D'Andrade model) of an ego reference point. Our experiments also demonstrate unexp…
Concepts of success and failure
Guatemalan and U.S. Concepts of Success and Failure
Predicting the structure of a communications network from recalled data
Log-Linear Multiplicative Models for the Analysis of Endogamy
Striking advances have been made in the development of multiplicative or loglinear models for the analysis of contingency type data in the last decade (Bishop et al. 1975; Fienberg 1977). Prior to these developments Romney (1971) published a model for the measurement of utilizing a multiplicative iterative procedure. Strauss (1977) subsequently published a paper in which he critically evaluated Romney's procedures and went on to propose a class o…
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