Suzanne Needs‐howarth
Biographic Data
| ID | 126337 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Suzanne Needs‐howarth |
| GIVEN NAMES | Suzanne |
| FAMILY NAME | Needs‐howarth |
| SIGNATURE | HOWARTH S N |
| AFFILIATIONS | Toronto Zoo |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4040-0810 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 22 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 13 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Swimming Upriver? Exploring the Sources of Freshwater and Marine Fish in Military Diet in Sixteenth‐ to Nineteenth‐Century Northeastern North America
Atlantic cod were caught in large numbers and shipped from fishing stations in North America to Europe and the Caribbean, and this has been frequently studied zooarchaeologically; however, the exchange of cod and other fish into interior North America has received less study. Cod, haddock, Atlantic herring, and Atlantic mackerel remains occur in small numbers in faunal assemblages from military sites in the northeastern United States and eastern …
Archaeological and Biogeochemical Investigation of Past Human Relationships With Now‐Endangered Fish Species
This paper explores the historical ecology and biogeography of two fish species that are currently endangered in the North American Great Lakes region, that were of great importance to the Indigenous people in the region, and that are the focus of ongoing conservation efforts on the part of descendant communities: lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens ) and American eel ( Anguilla rostrata ). We compile existing zooarchaeological presence and abun…
Considering passenger pigeon abundance and distribution in the Late Woodland zooarchaeological record of southern Ontario, Canada
The passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was once the most abundant bird species in North America. Flocks of these birds witnessed in the early 19th century were so vast that they were said to darken the sky for days as they passed. Early syntheses of passenger pigeon remains in archaeological contexts in the eastern United States, in contrast, found them to be relatively rare in relation to other fowl, leading to the suggestion that the col…
Practice makes perfect? Inter‐analyst variation in the identification of fish remains from archaeological sites
Identification of faunal specimens based on a morphological comparison with known‐identity reference specimens is the standard methodology used in zooarchaeological analysis. However, the accuracy of identifications is rarely considered. In this paper, we report results of an experiment in which 13 analysts were asked to identify 50 fish skeletal elements from a reference collection and 50 fish skeletal elements from an archaeological collection …
Indicators for Interactions from Legacy Worked and Unworked Faunal Assemblages from the Quackenbush Site, a Late Woodland Site in the Kawartha Lakes Region, Ontario
The Quackenbush site (BdGm-l) is located in what is now Ontario, at the northeastern limit of the area known to have been occupied by the Huron-Wendat pre-dispersal and visited by the Anishinaabeg of the Canadian Shield. Excavations of portions of the site half a century ago uncovered parts of three longhouses and midden deposits. We generated the data presented here as part of a larger scholarly effort aimed at analyzing and writing up all of th…
Isotopic Evidence for Garden Hunting and Resource Depression in the Late Woodland of Northeastern North America
Resource depression and garden hunting are major topics of archaeological interest, with important implications for understanding cultural and environmental change. Garden hunting is difficult to study using traditional zooarchaeological approaches, but isotopic analyses of animals may provide a marker for where and when people exploited nondomesticated animals that fed on agricultural resources. To realize the full potential of isotopic approach…
Investigating the sex-selectivity of a middle Ontario Iroquoian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) fishery through ancient DNA analysis
Beyond the local fishing hole
During the Late Woodland period in what is now the Canadian province of Ontario, Indigenous peoples met their nutritional needs through a combination of maize horticulture, gathering, hunting, and fishing. Recent research on stable isotopes in human tissue (Pfeiffer et al. 2016) suggests that the protein component in the diet of one of the groups of Iroquoian-speaking peoples in Ontario varies over time and came in part from high trophic level fi…
Tending and drive hunting
In a 1993 paper, Noble and Crerar suggested, based on the age and sex distribution of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) longbones from four Attawandaron Iroquoian sites around the western end of Lake Ontario, that the contact-period Attawandaron were managing local deer populations, in response to the aboriginal trade in hides. Having observed similar patterns of differential preservation of elements and epiphyseal fusion at nearby Iroqu…
Maize, Fish, and Deer
Following the entry of Zea mays to northeast North America, Northern Iroquoian populations expanded their numbers and range. Isotopic values from bone collagen have shown fluctuations in reliance on this dietary staple. With permission of the Huron-Wendat Nation of Wendake, Quebec, we measured δ13Cenamel, δ13Cdentine and δ15Ndentine from 167 permanent teeth, retained before reburial of their ancestral skeletons, and δ13Ccollagene and δ15Ncollagen…
Dining with John and Catharine Butler before the Close of the Eighteenth Century
The partial excavation of the homestead of Colonel John Butler in the town of Niagara-on-the-Lake has afforded the opportunity to explore the daily activities of one Loyalist family after the establishment of the British colony of Upper Canada in the 1780s. In particular, the large collection of zooarchaeological material (over 14,5000 specimens) can provide information about the availability of wild animal species, as well as the types of domest…
Seasonal Variation in Fishing Strategies at Two Iroquoian Village Sites Near Lake Simcoe, Ontario
In this paper we present an analysis of fish bones from the Barrie and Dunsmore sites, two pre-contact Iroquoian longhouse villages located between Lake Simcoe, and Georgian Bay of Lake Huron, Ontario. We use a combination of fish biology, habitat and spawning data to interpret when and where different fish species were obtained. After identifying co-occurrences of species in major features at each site, we suggest the existence of three fisherie…
Seasonal Variation in Fishing Strategies at Two Iroquoian Village Sites Near Lake Simcoe, Ontario
In this paper we present an analysis of fish bones from the Barrie and Dunsmore sites, two pre-contact Iroquoian longhouse villages located between Lake Simcoe, and Georgian Bay of Lake Huron, Ontario. We use a combination of fish biology, habitat and spawning data to interpret when and where different fish species were obtained. After identifying co-occurrences of species in major features at each site, we suggest the existence of three fisherie…
Isotopic Evidence for Garden Hunting and Resource Depression in the Late Woodland of Northeastern North America
Resource depression and garden hunting are major topics of archaeological interest, with important implications for understanding cultural and environmental change. Garden hunting is difficult to study using traditional zooarchaeological approaches, but isotopic analyses of animals may provide a marker for where and when people exploited nondomesticated animals that fed on agricultural resources. To realize the full potential of isotopic approach…
Beyond the local fishing hole
During the Late Woodland period in what is now the Canadian province of Ontario, Indigenous peoples met their nutritional needs through a combination of maize horticulture, gathering, hunting, and fishing. Recent research on stable isotopes in human tissue (Pfeiffer et al. 2016) suggests that the protein component in the diet of one of the groups of Iroquoian-speaking peoples in Ontario varies over time and came in part from high trophic level fi…
Practice makes perfect? Inter‐analyst variation in the identification of fish remains from archaeological sites
Identification of faunal specimens based on a morphological comparison with known‐identity reference specimens is the standard methodology used in zooarchaeological analysis. However, the accuracy of identifications is rarely considered. In this paper, we report results of an experiment in which 13 analysts were asked to identify 50 fish skeletal elements from a reference collection and 50 fish skeletal elements from an archaeological collection …
Tending and drive hunting
In a 1993 paper, Noble and Crerar suggested, based on the age and sex distribution of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) longbones from four Attawandaron Iroquoian sites around the western end of Lake Ontario, that the contact-period Attawandaron were managing local deer populations, in response to the aboriginal trade in hides. Having observed similar patterns of differential preservation of elements and epiphyseal fusion at nearby Iroqu…
Maize, Fish, and Deer
Following the entry of Zea mays to northeast North America, Northern Iroquoian populations expanded their numbers and range. Isotopic values from bone collagen have shown fluctuations in reliance on this dietary staple. With permission of the Huron-Wendat Nation of Wendake, Quebec, we measured δ13Cenamel, δ13Cdentine and δ15Ndentine from 167 permanent teeth, retained before reburial of their ancestral skeletons, and δ13Ccollagene and δ15Ncollagen…
Considering passenger pigeon abundance and distribution in the Late Woodland zooarchaeological record of southern Ontario, Canada
The passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was once the most abundant bird species in North America. Flocks of these birds witnessed in the early 19th century were so vast that they were said to darken the sky for days as they passed. Early syntheses of passenger pigeon remains in archaeological contexts in the eastern United States, in contrast, found them to be relatively rare in relation to other fowl, leading to the suggestion that the col…
Dining with John and Catharine Butler before the Close of the Eighteenth Century
The partial excavation of the homestead of Colonel John Butler in the town of Niagara-on-the-Lake has afforded the opportunity to explore the daily activities of one Loyalist family after the establishment of the British colony of Upper Canada in the 1780s. In particular, the large collection of zooarchaeological material (over 14,5000 specimens) can provide information about the availability of wild animal species, as well as the types of domest…
Seasonal Variation in Fishing Strategies at Two Iroquoian Village Sites Near Lake Simcoe, Ontario
In this paper we present an analysis of fish bones from the Barrie and Dunsmore sites, two pre-contact Iroquoian longhouse villages located between Lake Simcoe, and Georgian Bay of Lake Huron, Ontario. We use a combination of fish biology, habitat and spawning data to interpret when and where different fish species were obtained. After identifying co-occurrences of species in major features at each site, we suggest the existence of three fisherie…
Seasonal Variation in Fishing Strategies at Two Iroquoian Village Sites Near Lake Simcoe, Ontario
In this paper we present an analysis of fish bones from the Barrie and Dunsmore sites, two pre-contact Iroquoian longhouse villages located between Lake Simcoe, and Georgian Bay of Lake Huron, Ontario. We use a combination of fish biology, habitat and spawning data to interpret when and where different fish species were obtained. After identifying co-occurrences of species in major features at each site, we suggest the existence of three fisherie…
Dining with John and Catharine Butler before the Close of the Eighteenth Century
The partial excavation of the homestead of Colonel John Butler in the town of Niagara-on-the-Lake has afforded the opportunity to explore the daily activities of one Loyalist family after the establishment of the British colony of Upper Canada in the 1780s. In particular, the large collection of zooarchaeological material (over 14,5000 specimens) can provide information about the availability of wild animal species, as well as the types of domest…
Tending and drive hunting
In a 1993 paper, Noble and Crerar suggested, based on the age and sex distribution of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) longbones from four Attawandaron Iroquoian sites around the western end of Lake Ontario, that the contact-period Attawandaron were managing local deer populations, in response to the aboriginal trade in hides. Having observed similar patterns of differential preservation of elements and epiphyseal fusion at nearby Iroqu…
Maize, Fish, and Deer
Following the entry of Zea mays to northeast North America, Northern Iroquoian populations expanded their numbers and range. Isotopic values from bone collagen have shown fluctuations in reliance on this dietary staple. With permission of the Huron-Wendat Nation of Wendake, Quebec, we measured δ13Cenamel, δ13Cdentine and δ15Ndentine from 167 permanent teeth, retained before reburial of their ancestral skeletons, and δ13Ccollagene and δ15Ncollagen…
Beyond the local fishing hole
During the Late Woodland period in what is now the Canadian province of Ontario, Indigenous peoples met their nutritional needs through a combination of maize horticulture, gathering, hunting, and fishing. Recent research on stable isotopes in human tissue (Pfeiffer et al. 2016) suggests that the protein component in the diet of one of the groups of Iroquoian-speaking peoples in Ontario varies over time and came in part from high trophic level fi…
Investigating the sex-selectivity of a middle Ontario Iroquoian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) fishery through ancient DNA analysis
Indicators for Interactions from Legacy Worked and Unworked Faunal Assemblages from the Quackenbush Site, a Late Woodland Site in the Kawartha Lakes Region, Ontario
The Quackenbush site (BdGm-l) is located in what is now Ontario, at the northeastern limit of the area known to have been occupied by the Huron-Wendat pre-dispersal and visited by the Anishinaabeg of the Canadian Shield. Excavations of portions of the site half a century ago uncovered parts of three longhouses and midden deposits. We generated the data presented here as part of a larger scholarly effort aimed at analyzing and writing up all of th…
Isotopic Evidence for Garden Hunting and Resource Depression in the Late Woodland of Northeastern North America
Resource depression and garden hunting are major topics of archaeological interest, with important implications for understanding cultural and environmental change. Garden hunting is difficult to study using traditional zooarchaeological approaches, but isotopic analyses of animals may provide a marker for where and when people exploited nondomesticated animals that fed on agricultural resources. To realize the full potential of isotopic approach…
Practice makes perfect? Inter‐analyst variation in the identification of fish remains from archaeological sites
Identification of faunal specimens based on a morphological comparison with known‐identity reference specimens is the standard methodology used in zooarchaeological analysis. However, the accuracy of identifications is rarely considered. In this paper, we report results of an experiment in which 13 analysts were asked to identify 50 fish skeletal elements from a reference collection and 50 fish skeletal elements from an archaeological collection …
Considering passenger pigeon abundance and distribution in the Late Woodland zooarchaeological record of southern Ontario, Canada
The passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was once the most abundant bird species in North America. Flocks of these birds witnessed in the early 19th century were so vast that they were said to darken the sky for days as they passed. Early syntheses of passenger pigeon remains in archaeological contexts in the eastern United States, in contrast, found them to be relatively rare in relation to other fowl, leading to the suggestion that the col…
Swimming Upriver? Exploring the Sources of Freshwater and Marine Fish in Military Diet in Sixteenth‐ to Nineteenth‐Century Northeastern North America
Atlantic cod were caught in large numbers and shipped from fishing stations in North America to Europe and the Caribbean, and this has been frequently studied zooarchaeologically; however, the exchange of cod and other fish into interior North America has received less study. Cod, haddock, Atlantic herring, and Atlantic mackerel remains occur in small numbers in faunal assemblages from military sites in the northeastern United States and eastern …
Archaeological and Biogeochemical Investigation of Past Human Relationships With Now‐Endangered Fish Species
This paper explores the historical ecology and biogeography of two fish species that are currently endangered in the North American Great Lakes region, that were of great importance to the Indigenous people in the region, and that are the focus of ongoing conservation efforts on the part of descendant communities: lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens ) and American eel ( Anguilla rostrata ). We compile existing zooarchaeological presence and abun…
Geography (11 works) · Archaeology (10 works) · Biology (9 works) · Ecology (9 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (7 works) · Fish (6 works) · Fishery (6 works) · Fishing (5 works) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (5 works) · Woodland (5 works)