James Conolly
Biographic Data
| ID | 136070 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James Conolly |
| GIVEN NAMES | James |
| FAMILY NAME | Conolly |
| SIGNATURE | CONOLLY J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Trent University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7609-7062 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 43 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 675 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 43 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Predictive Modeling of Historical Shipwreck Locations in Lake Ontario Using Machine Learning
Ahatsistari as Ancient Carhagouha and the Dating of Seventeenth-Century Huron-Wendat Sites by Bayesian Modeling of Radiocarbon Dates and European Glass Trade Bead Chronologies
This study applies Bayesian chronological modeling to 16 new AMS radiocarbon dates on short-lived botanical remains and wood-charcoal recovered from the archaeological site Ahatsistari, a seventeenth-century Huron-Wendat village located in Simcoe County in Ontario, Canada. The modeled radiocarbon dates provide an independent time frame for understanding site phase and sequence, compatibility with historically documented events of a known date, an…
Early Palisaded Villages in Southwestern Ontario
We review the initiation of palisade enclosed village communities in central southwestern Ontario, using data from a series of related early Late Woodland sites that we interpret as showing an east to west settlement sequence. New AMS dates based on samples of carbonized maize provide a revised chronology for the origin of village life, which began in the twelfth century. We show how villages developed alongside community pattern and ceramic attr…
Inundated cultural landscapes
The Archaeology of Inundated Cultural Landscapes in Freshwater Lake Systems
Dating the Late Archaic at the Davidson Site (AhHk-54), Ontario
A large series of 56 AMS dates are reported from the Davidson site, occupied during both the Broadpoint and Smallpoint Late Archaic. The focus is on documenting the occupation history of the site itself. The dates on various features often do not match superposition data or associations with diagnostics and provide a case study of the great potential for component mixing on such sites, which can go unrecognized without multiple dates from differe…
Archaeology and paleogeography of a Lake‐Wetland complex
This study uses a combination of isostatic rebound, hydrological flow, and sedimentation models to generate predictions about the postglacial evolution (from ca. 12.0 ka cal BP to the modern‐day) of the Kawartha Lakes region of central Ontario, Canada. Changes in shoreline and wetland configuration are mapped and quantified so as to inform understanding of the environmental history of the region and illuminate the manner of its evolution. This kn…
Neolithic population crash in northwest Europe associated with agricultural crisis
The focus of this paper is the Neolithic of northwest Europe, where a rapid growth in population between ~5950 and ~5550 cal yr BP is followed by a decline that lasted until ~4950 cal yr BP. The timing of the increase in population density correlates with the local appearance of farming and is attributed to the advantageous effects of agriculture. However, the subsequent population decline has yet to be satisfactorily explained. One possible expl…
Margins of the centre or critical peripheries
Building an understanding of cultural innovations and the mechanisms of their dispersal, in which new technologies, foods, or ideas were made available for adoption or rejection, requires both good
New insights on plant domestication, production intensification, and food storage
We present detailed accounts of the archaeobotanical remains recovered from the excavations of the southern Levantine Pre-Pottery Neolithic A site of Dhra‘, including metric and morphological analysis of barley grains. Comparisons with other early Epi-Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites indicate that the Dhra‘ grains are larger than recorded wild specimens, but fall at the lower range of domestic species, consistent with intermediary pre-domesticati…
Vulnerability, risk, resilience
Western media headlines have for several decades been warning about the multiple risks to social, economic and political stability triggered by a variety of events of potentially calamitous proport
Costly signalling in archaeology
The evolutionary analysis of human behaviour is a broad arena of social science research encompassing anthropological archaeology. Despite its relevance and success in building understanding of pas
Origins and Spread of Domestic Plants in Southwest Asia and Europe
A comprehensive test of the Locally-Adaptive Model of Archaeological Potential (Lamap)
An Early Hunter-Gatherer Cemetery in the Canadian Lower Great Lakes
The timing and context of the first emergence of cemeteries is of broad interest to archaeologists who wish to understand and explain changes in social complexity in late hunter-gatherer societies. Eastern North America has a particularly informative archaeological record for generating insight into how and why relatively small scale communities transform into much larger and regionally integrated societies, especially as these major transformati…
The Mycenaean Seminar 2012–13
Journal Article THE MYCENAEAN SEMINAR 2012–13 Get access ANDREW BEVAN, ANDREW BEVAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JAMES CONOLLY, JAMES CONOLLY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ARIS TSARAVOPOULOS, ARIS TSARAVOPOULOS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ANGELIKI KARAGIANNI, ANGELIKI KARAGIANNI Search for other works by this author …
Corporate kin-groups, social memory, and “history houses”? A quantitative test of recent reconstructions of social organization and building function at Çatalhöyük during the PPNB
Measuring Chronological Uncertainty in Intensive Survey Finds
This paper considers how to make the most out of the rather imprecise chronological knowledge that we often have about the past. We focus here on the relative dating of artefacts during archaeological fieldwork, with particular emphasis on new ways to express and analyse chronological uncertainty. A probabilistic method for assigning artefacts to particular chronological periods is advocated and implemented for a large pottery data set from an in…
The origins and spread of stock-keeping
It has long been recognised that the proportions of Neolithic domestic animal species—cattle, pig and sheep/goat—vary from region to region, but it has hitherto been unclear how much this variability is related to cultural practices or to environmental constraints. This study uses hundreds of faunal assemblages from across Neolithic Europe to reveal the distribution of animal use between north and south, east and west. The remarkable results pres…
The Long-Term Ecology of Agricultural Terraces and Enclosed Fields from Antikythera, Greece
Intensive Survey Data from Antikythera, Greece
The Antikythera Survey Project was an interdisciplinary programme of fieldwork, artefact study and laboratory analysis that considered the long-term history and human ecology of the small Greek island of Antikythera. It was co-directed by Andrew Bevan (UCL) and James Conolly (Trent), in collaboration with Aris Tsaravopoulos (Greek Archaeological Service), and under the aegis of the Canadian Institute in Greece and the Hellenic Ministry of Culture…
Early Neolithic agriculture in Southwest Asia and Europe
Agriculture is widely recognized as a defining characteristic of th e Ne olithic period in Southwest Asia and Europe, but, despite many years of research, and th e discovery of much new arch a eo botanical evidence, there have been fe w attempts to investigate its origins and spread in th e region as a wh ole. No w, in a new project at th e In stitute of Arch aeology, th e scattered evidence for th e emergence and dispersal of crops is being syst…
Species distribution modelling of ancient cattle from early Neolithic sites in SW Asia and Europe
Species distribution models are widely used by ecologists to estimate the relationship between environmental predictors and species presence and abundance records. In this paper, we use compiled faunal assemblage records from archaeological sites located across southwest Asia and southeast Europe to estimate and to compare the biogeography of ancient wild and early domestic cattle ( Bos primigenius and Bos taurus). We estimate the contribution of…
A locally-adaptive model of archaeological potential (Lamap)
Pots, Piracy and Aegila
The small Greek island of Antikythera has a long history of human exploitation, of which one of the most interesting episodes is represented by a fortified settlement on the north coast of the island that can be plausibly identified as a centre of Hellenistic piratical activity. Hellenistic ‘Aegila’ has left both impressive standing remains and a range of portable finds that have attracted academic interest over much of the last two centuries. Th…
Geographical Information Systems in Archaeology
Geographical Information Systems has moved from the domain of the computer specialist into the wider archaeological community, providing it with an exciting new research method. This clearly written but rigorous book provides a comprehensive guide to that use. Topics covered include: the theoretical context and the basics of GIS; data acquisition including database design; interpolation of elevation models; exploratory data analysis including spa…
Archaeobotanical Evidence for the Spread of Farming in the Eastern Mediterranean
A major topic of debate in Old World prehistory is the relative importance of population movement versus cultural diffusion in explaining the spread of agriculture into and across Europe following its inception in southwestern Asia. An important set of data that has surprisingly been largely absent from this debate is the preserved crops and associated weeds of the earliest farmers. An analysis of archaeobotanical data from 40 aceramic Neolithic …
Meta-analysis of zooarchaeological data from SW Asia and SE Europe provides insight into the origins and spread of animal husbandry
The evolution of Neolithic farming from SW Asian origins to NW European limits
The spread of agriculture is here examined from the perspective of changes in the composition of archaeobotantical assemblages. We apply multivariate analysis to a large database of plant assemblages from early Neolithic sites across South-West Asia and Europe and show that there are coherent and meaningful changes in their composition over time, to a large extent driven by a reduction in crop-taxa diversity. We interpret these changes as being p…
The spread of Neolithic plant economies from the Near East to northwest Europe
Founder effect, drift, and adaptive change in domestic crop use in early Neolithic Europe
Modelling spatial heterogeneity and nonstationarity in artifact-rich landscapes
Species distribution modelling of ancient cattle from early Neolithic sites in SW Asia and Europe
Species distribution models are widely used by ecologists to estimate the relationship between environmental predictors and species presence and abundance records. In this paper, we use compiled faunal assemblage records from archaeological sites located across southwest Asia and southeast Europe to estimate and to compare the biogeography of ancient wild and early domestic cattle ( Bos primigenius and Bos taurus). We estimate the contribution of…
Reassessing the evidence for the cultivation of wild crops during the Younger Dryas at Tell Abu Hureyra, Syria
The episodic periods of climate change between the end of the Pleistocene and the Early Holocene had significant effects on vegetation in the Levant. The three Late Epipalaeolithic phases at Tell Abu Hureyra (c. 13·1 kya cal. BP to 12·0 kya cal. BP) span the onset of the Younger Dryas when there was a reversion to cold and dry conditions from the preceding warmer/wetter Bølling-Allerød interstadial. The deterioration of the climate is argued to h…
The Long-Term Ecology of Agricultural Terraces and Enclosed Fields from Antikythera, Greece
Costly signalling in archaeology
The evolutionary analysis of human behaviour is a broad arena of social science research encompassing anthropological archaeology. Despite its relevance and success in building understanding of pas
The origins and spread of stock-keeping
It has long been recognised that the proportions of Neolithic domestic animal species—cattle, pig and sheep/goat—vary from region to region, but it has hitherto been unclear how much this variability is related to cultural practices or to environmental constraints. This study uses hundreds of faunal assemblages from across Neolithic Europe to reveal the distribution of animal use between north and south, east and west. The remarkable results pres…
Measuring Chronological Uncertainty in Intensive Survey Finds
This paper considers how to make the most out of the rather imprecise chronological knowledge that we often have about the past. We focus here on the relative dating of artefacts during archaeological fieldwork, with particular emphasis on new ways to express and analyse chronological uncertainty. A probabilistic method for assigning artefacts to particular chronological periods is advocated and implemented for a large pottery data set from an in…
GIS, Archaeological Survey, and Landscape Archaeology on the Island of Kythera, Greece
GIS and quantitative analysis are used to explore a series of simple but important issues in GIS-led survey. We draw on information collected during intensive archaeological field survey of the island of Kythera, Greece, and consider four questions: the relationship between terracing and enclosed field systems; the effect of vegetation on archaeological recovery; site definition and characterization in multi-period and artifact-rich landscapes; a…
A locally-adaptive model of archaeological potential (Lamap)
GIS, Archaeological Survey, and Landscape Archaeology on the Island of Kythera, Greece
Andrew Bevan, James Conolly, GIS, Archaeological Survey, and Landscape Archaeology on the Island of Kythera, Greece, Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 29, No. 1/2 (Spring, 2002 - Summer, 2004), pp. 123-138
Technical strategies and technical change at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey
Analysis of knapped obsidian and flint artefacts from the early ceramic Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük has shown that there were several strategies used for the production of knapped-stone tools, and that there was a profound change in the character of lithic production occurring approximately during the middle of the occupation sequence. This paper outlines the details of this technical change and, with reference to possible changes in subsistence…
Vulnerability, risk, resilience
Western media headlines have for several decades been warning about the multiple risks to social, economic and political stability triggered by a variety of events of potentially calamitous proport
Roman Pottery From an Intensive Survey of Antikythera, Greece
Recent intensive survey over the entire extent of the small island of Antikythera has recovered an episodic sequence of human activity spanning some 7,000 years, including a Roman pottery assemblage that documents a range of important patterns with respect to land use, demography and on-island consumption. This paper addresses the typological and functional aspects of this assemblage in detail, and also discusses Roman period Antikythera's range …
Vegetation recolonisation of abandoned agricultural terraces on Antikythera, Greece
Antikythera is a small, relatively remote Mediterranean island, lying 35 km north-west of Crete, and its few contemporary inhabitants live mainly in the small village at the only port. However, an extensive network of terraces across the island bears witness to the past importance of farming on the island, although the intensity of use of these cultivated plots has changed according to fluctuating population levels. Most recently, the rural popul…
From Fabrics to Island Connections
An intensive archaeological survey covering the entire extent of the island of Antikythera has recently revealed a sequence of prehistoric activity spanning the later Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, with cultural affiliations that variously link its prehistoric communities with their neighbours to the north, south and east. Here we present and discuss the results of a programme of both macroscopic and petrographie study of the prehistoric ceramics …
The Early Prehistory of the Sakçagözü Region, North Levantine Rift Valley
As a result of its geographical location between the Old World continents, its distinctive natural resources and its innovative cultural record, the Near East is of particular interest to scholars concerned with human developments through the Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Research has focused on the nature and timing of hominid dispersals from Africa into Eurasia, the adaptations of premodern humans to Near Eastern environments, the nature of n…
Margins of the centre or critical peripheries
Building an understanding of cultural innovations and the mechanisms of their dispersal, in which new technologies, foods, or ideas were made available for adoption or rejection, requires both good
Pots, Piracy and Aegila
The small Greek island of Antikythera has a long history of human exploitation, of which one of the most interesting episodes is represented by a fortified settlement on the north coast of the island that can be plausibly identified as a centre of Hellenistic piratical activity. Hellenistic ‘Aegila’ has left both impressive standing remains and a range of portable finds that have attracted academic interest over much of the last two centuries. Th…
Predictive Modeling of Historical Shipwreck Locations in Lake Ontario Using Machine Learning
An interview with Dr. Ian Hodder, University of Cambridge
The Early Prehistory of the Sakçagözü Region, North Levantine Rift Valley
As a result of its geographical location between the Old World continents, its distinctive natural resources and its innovative cultural record, the Near East is of particular interest to scholars concerned with human developments through the Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Research has focused on the nature and timing of hominid dispersals from Africa into Eurasia, the adaptations of premodern humans to Near Eastern environments, the nature of n…
Technical strategies and technical change at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey
Analysis of knapped obsidian and flint artefacts from the early ceramic Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük has shown that there were several strategies used for the production of knapped-stone tools, and that there was a profound change in the character of lithic production occurring approximately during the middle of the occupation sequence. This paper outlines the details of this technical change and, with reference to possible changes in subsistence…
Early Neolithic agriculture in Southwest Asia and Europe
GIS, Archaeological Survey, and Landscape Archaeology on the Island of Kythera, Greece
Andrew Bevan, James Conolly, GIS, Archaeological Survey, and Landscape Archaeology on the Island of Kythera, Greece, Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 29, No. 1/2 (Spring, 2002 - Summer, 2004), pp. 123-138
GIS, Archaeological Survey, and Landscape Archaeology on the Island of Kythera, Greece
GIS and quantitative analysis are used to explore a series of simple but important issues in GIS-led survey. We draw on information collected during intensive archaeological field survey of the island of Kythera, Greece, and consider four questions: the relationship between terracing and enclosed field systems; the effect of vegetation on archaeological recovery; site definition and characterization in multi-period and artifact-rich landscapes; a…
Archaeobotanical Evidence for the Spread of Farming in the Eastern Mediterranean
A major topic of debate in Old World prehistory is the relative importance of population movement versus cultural diffusion in explaining the spread of agriculture into and across Europe following its inception in southwestern Asia. An important set of data that has surprisingly been largely absent from this debate is the preserved crops and associated weeds of the earliest farmers. An analysis of archaeobotanical data from 40 aceramic Neolithic …
The evolution of Neolithic farming from SW Asian origins to NW European limits
The spread of agriculture is here examined from the perspective of changes in the composition of archaeobotantical assemblages. We apply multivariate analysis to a large database of plant assemblages from early Neolithic sites across South-West Asia and Europe and show that there are coherent and meaningful changes in their composition over time, to a large extent driven by a reduction in crop-taxa diversity. We interpret these changes as being p…
The fragile communities of Antikythera
While many Mediterranean islands have been subjected to archaeological survey methods of one kind or another, until now few if any have been covered in both a comprehensive and intensive manner. In this article the authors describe a survey on the Greek island of Antikythera (the Antikythera Survey Project – ASP) and demonstrate how full investigation of a tiny, remote and very sparsely populated island offers distinct analytical advantages for a…
Geographical Information Systems in Archaeology
Geographical Information Systems has moved from the domain of the computer specialist into the wider archaeological community, providing it with an exciting new research method. This clearly written but rigorous book provides a comprehensive guide to that use. Topics covered include: the theoretical context and the basics of GIS; data acquisition including database design; interpolation of elevation models; exploratory data analysis including spa…
The spread of Neolithic plant economies from the Near East to northwest Europe
Founder effect, drift, and adaptive change in domestic crop use in early Neolithic Europe
Modelling spatial heterogeneity and nonstationarity in artifact-rich landscapes
Vegetation recolonisation of abandoned agricultural terraces on Antikythera, Greece
Antikythera is a small, relatively remote Mediterranean island, lying 35 km north-west of Crete, and its few contemporary inhabitants live mainly in the small village at the only port. However, an extensive network of terraces across the island bears witness to the past importance of farming on the island, although the intensity of use of these cultivated plots has changed according to fluctuating population levels. Most recently, the rural popul…
Reassessing the evidence for the cultivation of wild crops during the Younger Dryas at Tell Abu Hureyra, Syria
The episodic periods of climate change between the end of the Pleistocene and the Early Holocene had significant effects on vegetation in the Levant. The three Late Epipalaeolithic phases at Tell Abu Hureyra (c. 13·1 kya cal. BP to 12·0 kya cal. BP) span the onset of the Younger Dryas when there was a reversion to cold and dry conditions from the preceding warmer/wetter Bølling-Allerød interstadial. The deterioration of the climate is argued to h…
Meta-analysis of zooarchaeological data from SW Asia and SE Europe provides insight into the origins and spread of animal husbandry
From Fabrics to Island Connections
An intensive archaeological survey covering the entire extent of the island of Antikythera has recently revealed a sequence of prehistoric activity spanning the later Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, with cultural affiliations that variously link its prehistoric communities with their neighbours to the north, south and east. Here we present and discuss the results of a programme of both macroscopic and petrographie study of the prehistoric ceramics …
Roman Pottery From an Intensive Survey of Antikythera, Greece
Recent intensive survey over the entire extent of the small island of Antikythera has recovered an episodic sequence of human activity spanning some 7,000 years, including a Roman pottery assemblage that documents a range of important patterns with respect to land use, demography and on-island consumption. This paper addresses the typological and functional aspects of this assemblage in detail, and also discusses Roman period Antikythera's range …
Intensive Survey Data from Antikythera, Greece
The Antikythera Survey Project was an interdisciplinary programme of fieldwork, artefact study and laboratory analysis that considered the long-term history and human ecology of the small Greek island of Antikythera. It was co-directed by Andrew Bevan (UCL) and James Conolly (Trent), in collaboration with Aris Tsaravopoulos (Greek Archaeological Service), and under the aegis of the Canadian Institute in Greece and the Hellenic Ministry of Culture…
Early Neolithic agriculture in Southwest Asia and Europe
Agriculture is widely recognized as a defining characteristic of th e Ne olithic period in Southwest Asia and Europe, but, despite many years of research, and th e discovery of much new arch a eo botanical evidence, there have been fe w attempts to investigate its origins and spread in th e region as a wh ole. No w, in a new project at th e In stitute of Arch aeology, th e scattered evidence for th e emergence and dispersal of crops is being syst…
Species distribution modelling of ancient cattle from early Neolithic sites in SW Asia and Europe
Species distribution models are widely used by ecologists to estimate the relationship between environmental predictors and species presence and abundance records. In this paper, we use compiled faunal assemblage records from archaeological sites located across southwest Asia and southeast Europe to estimate and to compare the biogeography of ancient wild and early domestic cattle ( Bos primigenius and Bos taurus). We estimate the contribution of…
A locally-adaptive model of archaeological potential (Lamap)
Pots, Piracy and Aegila
The small Greek island of Antikythera has a long history of human exploitation, of which one of the most interesting episodes is represented by a fortified settlement on the north coast of the island that can be plausibly identified as a centre of Hellenistic piratical activity. Hellenistic ‘Aegila’ has left both impressive standing remains and a range of portable finds that have attracted academic interest over much of the last two centuries. Th…
Corporate kin-groups, social memory, and “history houses”? A quantitative test of recent reconstructions of social organization and building function at Çatalhöyük during the PPNB
Measuring Chronological Uncertainty in Intensive Survey Finds
This paper considers how to make the most out of the rather imprecise chronological knowledge that we often have about the past. We focus here on the relative dating of artefacts during archaeological fieldwork, with particular emphasis on new ways to express and analyse chronological uncertainty. A probabilistic method for assigning artefacts to particular chronological periods is advocated and implemented for a large pottery data set from an in…
Archaeology (36 works) · Geography (36 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (33 works) · History (20 works) · Biology (13 works) · Ecology (12 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (12 works) · History (10 works) · Agriculture (9 works) · Maritime and Coastal Archaeology (9 works)