Caroline M Wilkinson
Biographic Data
| ID | 136140 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Caroline M Wilkinson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Caroline M |
| FAMILY NAME | Wilkinson |
| SIGNATURE | WILKINSON C M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Liverpool John Moores University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4603-5554 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 26 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Transforming skeletal data into visual form
work with and share data, making it possible to create detailed visualizations of people from the past. Among these, facial depiction based on skeletal remains are particularly powerful, but they also come with important challenges. Faces are easily read as “real” and can give a stronger sense of certainty than the underlying evidence actually supports. Objective: This work presents a digital facial depiction of “Zuzu,” an early Holocene individu…
The Facial Heritage of the Canary Islands
This research project aimed to create a complete and representative picture of the facial heritage of the Canary Islands, by accommodating the interpretations of recent genome studies and explorations regarding the identity of the ancient Canarians, alongside facial anthropology and comparative analysis with a modern population. This project therefore represents an exciting combination of identity, migration, forensics and archaeology. Facial dep…
Beachy Head Woman
The skeletal remains of an individual colloquially referred to as Beachy Head Woman (BHW) were re-discovered in the Eastbourne Town Hall collection in 2012, and have remained the subject of significant public interest since. Radiocarbon dating yielded a calibrated date of between 129 and 311 calCE indicating that she lived during the period of the Roman occupation of Britain and, over more than a decade, there have been several attempts to unrave…
Digital Immortality in Palaeoanthropology and Archaeology
It has been proposed that we are entering the age of postmortalism, where digital immortality is a credible option. The desire to overcome death has occupied humanity for centuries, and even though biological immortality is still impossible, recent technological advances have enabled possible eternal life in the metaverse. In palaeoanthropology and archaeology contexts, we are often driven by our preoccupation with visualising and interacting wit…
Using a morph-based animation to visualise the face of Pharaoh Ramesses II ageing from middle to old age
Beyond Isabel Archer's Door
This article radically reframes Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady in relation to the Underground Railroad, the transatlantic slave trade, US slavery, and racial housing segregation. Focusing on the house in Albany, New York, where Isabel Archer stays in the 1850s, it asserts that Isabel's pursuit of freedom is grounded in her 1850s childhood when the Underground Railroad was particularly active in Albany. It examines the Albany home within the…
Revealing the face of Ramesses II through computed tomography, digital 3D facial reconstruction and computer-generated Imagery
King Ramesses II (c. 1279 BCE – 1213 BCE), also known as Ramesses the Great, was the third ruler of the 19th Dynasty of the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt. He lived to around 90 years of age and is considered as one of the most powerful rulers of ancient Egypt. From scientific analysis of the mummified remains of the pharaoh using Computed Tomography (CT) scan data and scrutiny of available historical records, 3D facial depictions of the Pharaoh at…
Liverpool Laser Talks
Liverpool LASER talks encourage artists, researchers and the public to question the work carried out by artists and scientists in transdisciplinary art-science spaces by recognizing shared aims, examining processes and constructing a shared language. In this paper, the authors reflect upon their first year as LASER hosts and propose that Liverpool LASER events—supported by an accessible network of leading artists and scientists—act as community “…
Cognitive Bias and Facial Depiction from Skeletal Remains
The human face is physically, psychologically, and socially significant, and facial appearance is crucial to social identity. Therefore, the facial depiction of people from the past is a useful tool for the social interpretation of archaeological remains. However, scientific assumptions surrounding the interpretation of ancient remains influence how the individual is depicted, and facial depictions can contribute to and perpetuate confirmation bi…
Faces of Merseyside
Faces of Merseyside is a gallery/online exhibition of digitally processed facial averages produced from Merseyside image collections by Face Lab, a research group at Liverpool School of Art & Design. The project seeks to foreground the question of cognitive bias in relation to facial images that claim to represent particular communities, in the context of a resurgence of interest in physiognomic judgments and discrimination. By revisiting Francis…
From Ta-Kesh to Ta-Kush
In search of Robert Bruce, part I
In Search of Robert Bruce, Part II
Building work undertaken at Dunfermline abbey in 1818 unearthed a burial vault which included a skeleton. The skull has been widely examined and has been believed to be that of King Robert I (Bruce). The present article re-examines the archaeological evidence and brings to bear the medieval historical sources on the discovery. The ailments of the king and of the body discovered in Dunfermline are discussed, as is the separate heart burial which m…
Peter J. Capuano, Changing Hands
Morphological and morphometric changes in the faces of female-to-male (FtM) transsexual people
Facial changes associated with the administration of exogenous testosterone and bilateral oophorectomy in female-to-male (FtM) transsexual people (trans men; trans males) has not been previously documented. This study aimed to describe the qualitative and quantitative transformation from a female to a male facial appearance and to identify predictable patterns of change. Twenty-five trans men were studied using morphological and morphometrical an…
Admission profile and discharge outcomes for infants aged less than 6 months admitted to inpatient therapeutic care in 10 countries. A secondary data analysis
Evidence on the management of acute malnutrition in infants aged less than 6 months (infants <6mo) is scarce. To understand outcomes using current protocols, we analysed a sample of 24 045 children aged 0-60 months from 21 datasets of inpatient therapeutic care programmes in 10 countries. We compared the proportion of admissions, the anthropometric profile at admission and the discharge outcomes between infants <6mo and children aged 6-60 months …
Rapid acceptability and adherence testing of a lipid-based nutrient supplement and a micronutrient powder among refugee children and pregnant and lactating women in Algeria
Objective To assess the acceptability and adherence to daily doses of lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) among children and micronutrient powder (MNP) among children and pregnant and lactating women. Design Household interviews and sachet counting were conducted to measure acceptability and adherence, 15 and 30 d after product distribution. Qualitative information on product acceptability was collected using focus group discussions. Setting Sa…
Recently identified features that help to distinguish ceremonial tsantsa from commercial shrunken heads
The archaeological contribution of forensic craniofacial reconstruction to a portrait drawing of a Korean historical figure
Child Acute Malnutrition and Mortality in Populations Affected by Displacement in the Horn of Africa, 1997–2009
Drought and conflict in the Horn of Africa are causing population displacement, increasing risks of child mortality and malnutrition. Humanitarian agencies are trying to mitigate the impact, with limited resources. Data from previous years may help guide decisions. Trends in different populations affected by displacement (1997-2009) were analyzed to investigate: (1) how elevated malnutrition and mortality were among displaced compared to host pop…
Performance of UNHCR nutrition programs in post-emergency refugee camps
Inclusion of children identified as moderately and severely wasted in the HIS would allow UNHCR to better track and respond to changes in nutrition status. Improved growth monitoring coverage or active malnutrition surveillance would increase UNHCR's ability to identify and treat cases of acute malnutrition. Expansion of nutrition reporting to address the transition to community-based therapeutic care is essential for adequate performance monitor…
The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces
Almost 180 years of scholarship on the Lewis chessmen have given us a solid foundation of understanding, primarily based upon their art-historical analysis. Taking a more interdisciplinary approach (combining elements of art history with archaeology and history), this paper focuses on some over-looked themes — primarily the archaeological, gaming and political contexts of the 12th- and 13th-century North Sea world — and some more familiar themes …
Appraisal of traditional and recently proposed relationships between the hard and soft dimensions of the nose in profile
This paper tests six methods of predicting external nasal profile proportions, using the form and dimensions of the bony nasal (piriform) aperture. A sample of 122 lateral cephalograms was measured and traced before each method was attempted, under blind conditions where appropriate. Error was assessed by comparing predicted to actual proportions. Methods used by the following authors were tested: Krogman and Iscan ( 1986 The Human Skeleton in Fo…
A Preliminary Study on the Accuracy of Mummy Portraits
Although Egyptian mummy portraits have been heralded as 'the first realistic portraits in history' and have been studied considerably from an art historical perspective, there has not yet been a concerted effort to determine the accuracy of these remarkable paintings. Using modern CT scanning techniques combined with the forensic facial reconstruction method developed at the Unit of Art in Medicine, Manchester, the authors reconstructed the faces…
Facial approximation
The archaeological contribution of forensic craniofacial reconstruction to a portrait drawing of a Korean historical figure
The reconstruction of a face showing a healed wound
Revealing the face of Ramesses II through computed tomography, digital 3D facial reconstruction and computer-generated Imagery
King Ramesses II (c. 1279 BCE – 1213 BCE), also known as Ramesses the Great, was the third ruler of the 19th Dynasty of the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt. He lived to around 90 years of age and is considered as one of the most powerful rulers of ancient Egypt. From scientific analysis of the mummified remains of the pharaoh using Computed Tomography (CT) scan data and scrutiny of available historical records, 3D facial depictions of the Pharaoh at…
The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces
Almost 180 years of scholarship on the Lewis chessmen have given us a solid foundation of understanding, primarily based upon their art-historical analysis. Taking a more interdisciplinary approach (combining elements of art history with archaeology and history), this paper focuses on some over-looked themes — primarily the archaeological, gaming and political contexts of the 12th- and 13th-century North Sea world — and some more familiar themes …
From Ta-Kesh to Ta-Kush
Recently identified features that help to distinguish ceremonial tsantsa from commercial shrunken heads
In Search of Robert Bruce, Part II
Building work undertaken at Dunfermline abbey in 1818 unearthed a burial vault which included a skeleton. The skull has been widely examined and has been believed to be that of King Robert I (Bruce). The present article re-examines the archaeological evidence and brings to bear the medieval historical sources on the discovery. The ailments of the king and of the body discovered in Dunfermline are discussed, as is the separate heart burial which m…
Appraisal of traditional and recently proposed relationships between the hard and soft dimensions of the nose in profile
This paper tests six methods of predicting external nasal profile proportions, using the form and dimensions of the bony nasal (piriform) aperture. A sample of 122 lateral cephalograms was measured and traced before each method was attempted, under blind conditions where appropriate. Error was assessed by comparing predicted to actual proportions. Methods used by the following authors were tested: Krogman and Iscan ( 1986 The Human Skeleton in Fo…
The reconstruction of a face showing a healed wound
Facial approximation
A Preliminary Study on the Accuracy of Mummy Portraits
Although Egyptian mummy portraits have been heralded as 'the first realistic portraits in history' and have been studied considerably from an art historical perspective, there has not yet been a concerted effort to determine the accuracy of these remarkable paintings. Using modern CT scanning techniques combined with the forensic facial reconstruction method developed at the Unit of Art in Medicine, Manchester, the authors reconstructed the faces…
Appraisal of traditional and recently proposed relationships between the hard and soft dimensions of the nose in profile
This paper tests six methods of predicting external nasal profile proportions, using the form and dimensions of the bony nasal (piriform) aperture. A sample of 122 lateral cephalograms was measured and traced before each method was attempted, under blind conditions where appropriate. Error was assessed by comparing predicted to actual proportions. Methods used by the following authors were tested: Krogman and Iscan ( 1986 The Human Skeleton in Fo…
The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces
Almost 180 years of scholarship on the Lewis chessmen have given us a solid foundation of understanding, primarily based upon their art-historical analysis. Taking a more interdisciplinary approach (combining elements of art history with archaeology and history), this paper focuses on some over-looked themes — primarily the archaeological, gaming and political contexts of the 12th- and 13th-century North Sea world — and some more familiar themes …
Performance of UNHCR nutrition programs in post-emergency refugee camps
Inclusion of children identified as moderately and severely wasted in the HIS would allow UNHCR to better track and respond to changes in nutrition status. Improved growth monitoring coverage or active malnutrition surveillance would increase UNHCR's ability to identify and treat cases of acute malnutrition. Expansion of nutrition reporting to address the transition to community-based therapeutic care is essential for adequate performance monitor…
Child Acute Malnutrition and Mortality in Populations Affected by Displacement in the Horn of Africa, 1997–2009
Drought and conflict in the Horn of Africa are causing population displacement, increasing risks of child mortality and malnutrition. Humanitarian agencies are trying to mitigate the impact, with limited resources. Data from previous years may help guide decisions. Trends in different populations affected by displacement (1997-2009) were analyzed to investigate: (1) how elevated malnutrition and mortality were among displaced compared to host pop…
The archaeological contribution of forensic craniofacial reconstruction to a portrait drawing of a Korean historical figure
Admission profile and discharge outcomes for infants aged less than 6 months admitted to inpatient therapeutic care in 10 countries. A secondary data analysis
Evidence on the management of acute malnutrition in infants aged less than 6 months (infants <6mo) is scarce. To understand outcomes using current protocols, we analysed a sample of 24 045 children aged 0-60 months from 21 datasets of inpatient therapeutic care programmes in 10 countries. We compared the proportion of admissions, the anthropometric profile at admission and the discharge outcomes between infants <6mo and children aged 6-60 months …
Rapid acceptability and adherence testing of a lipid-based nutrient supplement and a micronutrient powder among refugee children and pregnant and lactating women in Algeria
Objective To assess the acceptability and adherence to daily doses of lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) among children and micronutrient powder (MNP) among children and pregnant and lactating women. Design Household interviews and sachet counting were conducted to measure acceptability and adherence, 15 and 30 d after product distribution. Qualitative information on product acceptability was collected using focus group discussions. Setting Sa…
Recently identified features that help to distinguish ceremonial tsantsa from commercial shrunken heads
Peter J. Capuano, Changing Hands
Morphological and morphometric changes in the faces of female-to-male (FtM) transsexual people
Facial changes associated with the administration of exogenous testosterone and bilateral oophorectomy in female-to-male (FtM) transsexual people (trans men; trans males) has not been previously documented. This study aimed to describe the qualitative and quantitative transformation from a female to a male facial appearance and to identify predictable patterns of change. Twenty-five trans men were studied using morphological and morphometrical an…
In search of Robert Bruce, part I
In Search of Robert Bruce, Part II
Building work undertaken at Dunfermline abbey in 1818 unearthed a burial vault which included a skeleton. The skull has been widely examined and has been believed to be that of King Robert I (Bruce). The present article re-examines the archaeological evidence and brings to bear the medieval historical sources on the discovery. The ailments of the king and of the body discovered in Dunfermline are discussed, as is the separate heart burial which m…
Cognitive Bias and Facial Depiction from Skeletal Remains
The human face is physically, psychologically, and socially significant, and facial appearance is crucial to social identity. Therefore, the facial depiction of people from the past is a useful tool for the social interpretation of archaeological remains. However, scientific assumptions surrounding the interpretation of ancient remains influence how the individual is depicted, and facial depictions can contribute to and perpetuate confirmation bi…
Faces of Merseyside
Faces of Merseyside is a gallery/online exhibition of digitally processed facial averages produced from Merseyside image collections by Face Lab, a research group at Liverpool School of Art & Design. The project seeks to foreground the question of cognitive bias in relation to facial images that claim to represent particular communities, in the context of a resurgence of interest in physiognomic judgments and discrimination. By revisiting Francis…
From Ta-Kesh to Ta-Kush
Liverpool Laser Talks
Liverpool LASER talks encourage artists, researchers and the public to question the work carried out by artists and scientists in transdisciplinary art-science spaces by recognizing shared aims, examining processes and constructing a shared language. In this paper, the authors reflect upon their first year as LASER hosts and propose that Liverpool LASER events—supported by an accessible network of leading artists and scientists—act as community “…
Beyond Isabel Archer's Door
This article radically reframes Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady in relation to the Underground Railroad, the transatlantic slave trade, US slavery, and racial housing segregation. Focusing on the house in Albany, New York, where Isabel Archer stays in the 1850s, it asserts that Isabel's pursuit of freedom is grounded in her 1850s childhood when the Underground Railroad was particularly active in Albany. It examines the Albany home within the…
Revealing the face of Ramesses II through computed tomography, digital 3D facial reconstruction and computer-generated Imagery
King Ramesses II (c. 1279 BCE – 1213 BCE), also known as Ramesses the Great, was the third ruler of the 19th Dynasty of the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt. He lived to around 90 years of age and is considered as one of the most powerful rulers of ancient Egypt. From scientific analysis of the mummified remains of the pharaoh using Computed Tomography (CT) scan data and scrutiny of available historical records, 3D facial depictions of the Pharaoh at…
Digital Immortality in Palaeoanthropology and Archaeology
It has been proposed that we are entering the age of postmortalism, where digital immortality is a credible option. The desire to overcome death has occupied humanity for centuries, and even though biological immortality is still impossible, recent technological advances have enabled possible eternal life in the metaverse. In palaeoanthropology and archaeology contexts, we are often driven by our preoccupation with visualising and interacting wit…
Using a morph-based animation to visualise the face of Pharaoh Ramesses II ageing from middle to old age
Beachy Head Woman
The skeletal remains of an individual colloquially referred to as Beachy Head Woman (BHW) were re-discovered in the Eastbourne Town Hall collection in 2012, and have remained the subject of significant public interest since. Radiocarbon dating yielded a calibrated date of between 129 and 311 calCE indicating that she lived during the period of the Roman occupation of Britain and, over more than a decade, there have been several attempts to unrave…
Transforming skeletal data into visual form
work with and share data, making it possible to create detailed visualizations of people from the past. Among these, facial depiction based on skeletal remains are particularly powerful, but they also come with important challenges. Faces are easily read as “real” and can give a stronger sense of certainty than the underlying evidence actually supports. Objective: This work presents a digital facial depiction of “Zuzu,” an early Holocene individu…
Art (13 works) · Archaeology (12 works) · History (11 works) · Medicine (10 works) · History (9 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (8 works) · Political science (6 works) · Visual arts (6 works) · Literature (5 works) · Sociology (5 works)