Paul Winters
Biographic Data
| ID | 136167 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul Winters |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul |
| FAMILY NAME | Winters |
| SIGNATURE | WINTERS P |
| AFFILIATIONS | American University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9976-4534 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 56 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 293 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 55 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1948 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
A new estimate for global and country-level employment in agrifood systems
Globally, 1.29B people worked in agrifood systems in 2021: 868M in agriculture, 418M in non-agriculture AFS. • AFS jobs dominate Africa (64%) and Asia (42%), with agriculture accounting for 48% and 29%, respectively. • Overall, 3.78B people live in households reliant on agrifood system-based livelihoods. • New dataset covers 184 countries (99% of population) and includes a balanced panel of 149 countries from 2000–2021. Global and national policy…
Hybrid agricultural extension and the adoption of climate-resilient varieties
Assessing Uganda’s Progressive Refugee Policy in the Era of Covid-19
Uganda is home to 1.5 million refugees from DRC, Burundi, South Sudan and other countries. The Uganda political framework is one of the most progressive and inclusive toward refugees. Only a fraction of the refugees is likely to revert to their home countries. The papers collected in this special issue assess Uganda's progressive refugee policy with reference to how it functioned in the era of COVID-19 using a unique panel data collected between …
Economic Integration between Refugee Settlements and Host Communities
With 1.5 million refugees and a refugee policy that promotes long-term settlement and self-sufficiency, understanding the impact of refugees on host communities in Uganda is a critical issue. Of particular concern – not only in Uganda, but all refugee-hosting countries – is the economic impact of refugees; while refugees attract aid money into the local economy, the mass distribution of in-kind goods can drive local prices and wages down. Moreove…
Transfers as a Means to Mitigate Covid-19 Impacts on Food Security
Uganda is home to some 1.5 million refugees. Its self-reliance policy welcomes refugees with freedom of movement and work; a piece of land for building a house and home-gardening; and social protection (food and cash transfers). While a progressive refugee policy, the onset of COVID-19 may complicate its effectiveness. This paper investigates the role of food and cash transfers in meeting negative consequences of the pandemic for both host and re…
Decomposing the impacts of an agricultural value chain development project by ethnicity and gender in Nepal
Rural economic activities of persons with disabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa
Despite the high prevalence of disabilities and evidence that persons with disabilities are marginalised in rural areas of developing countries, little is known about their economic lives. The literature is limited to studying how disability affects participation in labour markets and hours worked. This paper extends the current literature by exploring the extent to which disability is associated with participation in and income generated from di…
Do agricultural support and cash transfer programmes improve nutritional status
Agricultural support and cash transfer programmes are both used to improve nutrition outcomes in developing countries. Our review of both programmes based on a literature search of over 22 000 articles in 8 databases has four key findings. First, these programmes often increase total food consumption, but half of agricultural programmes do not measure changes in total food consumption; (2) over 20% of cash transfer programmes fail to improve the …
Youth Inclusion in Rural Transformation
The increasing numbers of rural youth in developing countries and their perceived disenchantment with the society and economy have raised policy concerns across the developed and developing world. Youth (ages 15 to 24) make up one in five people in developing countries, and one in eight in the developed world. Of the 1.2 billion youth in the world, nearly 1 billion reside in developing countries, and their numbers are growing far more rapidly tha…
Migration, Transfers and Economic Decision Making among Agricultural Households
1. Migration, Transfers and Economic Decision Making among Agricultural Households: an Introduction Benjamin Davis, Gero Carletto and Paul C. Winters 2. The Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on Consumption and Investment in Nicaragua John A. Maluccio 3. Conditional Cash Transfers and Agricultural Production: Lessons from the Oportunidades Experience in Mexico Jessica Erin Todd, Paul C. Winters and Tom Hertz 4. Does Migration Make Rural Househo…
Evaluating Program Impact on Resilience
Social protection programmes can play a crucial role in enhancing household resilience. Although there is vast evidence on the impact of cash transfer projects on many welfare outcomes, no study examines the impact of cash transfers on a composite measure of resilience. This paper fills this important gap by employing a difference-in-difference estimator in the context of a randomised control trial in Lesotho to explore the causal effect of a Chi…
Heterogeneous Effects of Urban Land Titling
We replicate the analysis of Sebastian Galiani and Ernesto Shargrodsky’s (GS) influential 2010 article ‘Property rights for the poor: effects of land titling’. GS use a natural experiment in a poor urban area of Buenos Aires to find that land titling increases housing investment, reduces household size, and increases child education, but does not do so through increased use of credit. The original questionnaires and raw data are not available and…
Liquidity Constraints and Migration
Although liquidity constraints have been seen as both a factor limiting individuals from migrating and a motivation for households to send a migrant, the consequences of relaxing liquidity constraints on migration behavior have not been adequately explored due to data limitations. In this study, we take advantage of an unusual policy, Bantuan Langsung Tunai — a national-level unconditional cash transfer program targeted toward the poorest househo…
Computer-Assisted Instruction for Child Development
This paper examines whether computer-assisted instruction has a positive impact on the literacy and numeracy skills of early grade students. An educational intervention implemented in Zambia integrated technology into classroom activity in order to mitigate weaknesses in teaching skills and address specific unmet student needs. Using a difference-in-difference combined with inverse propensity weights, results show that students’ numeracy and lite…
Investigating the impacts of increased rural land tenure security
Assessing food insecurity in Latin America and the Caribbean using FAO’s Food Insecurity Experience Scale
Vinyl
Sowing for food security
Chasing Sound
Chasing Sound: Technology, Culture and the Art of Studio Recording from Edison to the LP." Popular Music and Society, 40(1), pp. 115–116
The exclusion from welfare benefits
Farm-Level Pathways to Improved Nutritional Status
Global, national and local policies and programmes for agricultural development are recurrently justified based on their alleged role in improving food and nutrition security. However, strikingly little evidence is available to prove that a direct, household-level link between agricultural production and improved nutrition exists. The objective of this special issue is to systematically and empirically test, using data from Africa and South Asia,…
Land Accumulation Dynamics in Developing Country Agriculture
Understanding land accumulation dynamics is relevant for policy makers interested in the economic effects of land inequality in developing country agriculture. We thus explore and simultaneously test the leading theories of microlevel land accumulation dynamics using unique panel data from Paraguay. The results suggest that farm growth varies systematically with farm size --a formal rejection of stochasticgrowth theories (that is, Gibrat's Law)--…
Cash Transfer Programme, Productive Activities and Labour Supply
This paper reports analysis of the impact of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children Programme on the household decisions on productive activities using data from a randomized experimental design. Results show that the programme had a positive and significant impact on food consumption coming from home production, accumulation of productive assets, especially on the ownership of small livestock and on formation of nonfarm enterp…
Psychometric Evaluation of the Patient Satisfaction With Logistical Aspects of Navigation (PSN-L) Scale Using Item Response Theory
BACKGROUND: Patient navigation--the provision of logistical, educational, and emotional support needed to help patients "navigate around" barriers to high-quality cancer treatment offers promise. No patient-reported outcome measures currently exist that assess patient navigation from the patient's perspective. We use a partial independence item response theory model to report on the psychometric properties of the Patient Satisfaction with Navigat…
The impact of high value markets on smallholder productivity in the Ecuadorean Sierra
A Cross-Country Comparison of Rural Income Generating Activities
Assets, Activities and Rural Income Generation
Domestic and international migration from rural Mexico
This article explores the role of migrant networks in Mexican rural out-migration, focusing on how network composition influences rural-to-rural, rural-to-urban, and rural-to-international migration. Using data from rural Mexico, migration is considered in a multiple-choice context that allows for the possibility that rural Mexicans can migrate within Mexico, for agricultural and non-agricultural employment, as well as to the United States. The u…
Do conditional cash transfers influence migration? A study using experimental data from the Mexican progresa program
Prior research on Mexican migration has shown that social networks and economic incentives play an important role in determining migration outcomes. We use experimental data from PROGRESA, Mexico’s primary poverty-reduction program, to evaluate the effects of conditional cash transfers on migration both domestically and to the United States. Our study complements a growing body of literature aimed at overcoming longstanding hurdles to the establi…
Assessing the impact of migration on food and nutrition security
Localized and incomplete mutual insurance
Why do Beneficiaries Leave the Safety Net in Mexico? A Study of the Effects of Conditionality on Dropouts
The impact of migration on food consumption patterns
Assessing food insecurity in Latin America and the Caribbean using FAO’s Food Insecurity Experience Scale
Unintended effects of poverty programmes on childbearing in less developed countries
Because conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes (which make payments to poor households, conditional on their behaviour) potentially affect both household resource levels and parental preferences for quality vs. quantity of children, they may have unintended consequences for fertility. We use panel data from experimental CCT programmes in three Latin American countries to assess the unintended impact of these programmes on childbearing. Our fi…
Migration and food consumption patterns in Ghana
Leaving the Safety Net
Evaluating the impact of conditional cash transfer programs on fertility
Household Structure and Short-Run Economic Change in Nicaragua
During the economic crises Nicaragua suffered between 2000 and 2002, a conditional cash transfer program targeting poor households began operating. Using panel data on 1,397 households from the program's experimentally designed evaluation, we examined the impact of the program on household structure. Our findings suggest that the program enabled households to avoid reagglomeration during the economic crises, with households in control communities…
The impact of high value markets on smallholder productivity in the Ecuadorean Sierra
Globalization and Smallholders
The Effect of Early Interventions in Health and Nutrition on On-Time School Enrollment
This article assesses whether early intervention to improve children's health and nutrition increases the probability of enrolling in primary school on time. Using experimental data from the Mexican conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, Oportunidades, a cross-sectional double-difference estimator on observations from two age cohorts of children is used to identify the impact of early intervention. The results indicate that early health and nut…
Liquidity Constraints and Migration
Although liquidity constraints have been seen as both a factor limiting individuals from migrating and a motivation for households to send a migrant, the consequences of relaxing liquidity constraints on migration behavior have not been adequately explored due to data limitations. In this study, we take advantage of an unusual policy, Bantuan Langsung Tunai — a national-level unconditional cash transfer program targeted toward the poorest househo…
Sowing for food security
Rural Household Access to Assets and Markets
Rural Income Generating Activities
The exclusion from welfare benefits
Food and Agriculture Organization
The second session of the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization, which met in April 1948, reached the conclusion that the problem of increasing production of food supplies was still the crucial one in the world food situation. In a report submitted to the seventh session of the Economic and Social Council it was pointed out that conferences at the regional and national levels were needed to define shortages which had impeded increased …
The Cultural Background of the Narrative in Luke I and II
The Cultural Background of the Narrative in Luke I and II (Continued)
Le Magnificat et le Benedictus sont-ils des Psaumes macchabéens
Winter Paul, Trocmé Étienne. Le Magnificat et le Benedictus sont-ils des Psaumes macchabéens ?. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 36e année n°1,1956. pp. 1-19
The Trial of Jesus
On the Trail of Jesus
The role of agriculture in economic development
The financial surplus of agriculture has been central to theories of the role of agriculture in economic development. Morrisson and Thorbecke (MT) have used a constant-price social accounting matrix (SAM) framework to rigorously measure the financial surplus of agriculture and decompose the mechanisms of surplus extraction. History and theory have, however, stressed the role of prices as an invisible transfer mechanism in addition to the visible …
Family and Community Networks in Mexico-U.S. Migration
A household's decision to send migrants is based on information the household has on the expected returns and the costs of migration. Information on migration flows from both family migrant networks and community migrant networks. Direct assistance - in the form of money, housing, transportation, and food - is often provided to migrants by these networks, thus reducing the costs of migration. Using data from a national survey of rural Mexican hou…
Gender, Networks and Mexico-US Migration
In this paper, we examine whether the causes and patterns of Mexican rural female migration differ significantly from rural male migration. A number of hypotheses are discussed to explain why female migration may differ from male migration, with a particular emphasis on the role of migrant networks. Using data from a national survey of rural Mexican households in the ejido sector, significant differences between the determinants of male and femal…
Localized and incomplete mutual insurance
Domestic and international migration from rural Mexico
This article explores the role of migrant networks in Mexican rural out-migration, focusing on how network composition influences rural-to-rural, rural-to-urban, and rural-to-international migration. Using data from rural Mexico, migration is considered in a multiple-choice context that allows for the possibility that rural Mexicans can migrate within Mexico, for agricultural and non-agricultural employment, as well as to the United States. The u…
Do conditional cash transfers influence migration? A study using experimental data from the Mexican progresa program
Prior research on Mexican migration has shown that social networks and economic incentives play an important role in determining migration outcomes. We use experimental data from PROGRESA, Mexico’s primary poverty-reduction program, to evaluate the effects of conditional cash transfers on migration both domestically and to the United States. Our study complements a growing body of literature aimed at overcoming longstanding hurdles to the establi…
Unintended effects of poverty programmes on childbearing in less developed countries
Because conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes (which make payments to poor households, conditional on their behaviour) potentially affect both household resource levels and parental preferences for quality vs. quantity of children, they may have unintended consequences for fertility. We use panel data from experimental CCT programmes in three Latin American countries to assess the unintended impact of these programmes on childbearing. Our fi…
Why do Beneficiaries Leave the Safety Net in Mexico? A Study of the Effects of Conditionality on Dropouts
Migration, Transfers and Economic Decision Making among Agricultural Households
The increasing volume of remittances and public transfers in rural areas of the developing world has raised hopes that these inflows may serve as an effective mechanism for reducing poverty in the long term by facilitating investments and raising productivity, particularly in agriculture where market failures are most manifest. The seven papers in this special issue systematically test the relationship between transfers and productive spending am…
Rural Income Generating Activities
Assets, Activities and Rural Income Generation
A Cross-Country Comparison of Rural Income Generating Activities
Household Structure and Short-Run Economic Change in Nicaragua
During the economic crises Nicaragua suffered between 2000 and 2002, a conditional cash transfer program targeting poor households began operating. Using panel data on 1,397 households from the program's experimentally designed evaluation, we examined the impact of the program on household structure. Our findings suggest that the program enabled households to avoid reagglomeration during the economic crises, with households in control communities…
Conditional Cash Transfers and Agricultural Production
This paper explores whether cash transfer programmes conditioned on human capital outcomes can influence agricultural production. Programme impact on food consumption from own production, land use, livestock ownership, and agricultural spending are evaluated using first difference and weighted estimators, in which weights are constructed from propensity scores. The programme is found to increase the value and variety of food consumed from own pro…
Human capital investment and long-term poverty reduction in rural Mexico
By focussing on human capital investment, the Mexican Oportunidades program will influence the economic choices of the rural poor. To understand how beneficiaries may alter their behaviour as a result of this intervention, this paper uses administrative data to analyse the economic activities of the rural poor. Results indicate that investments in education are likely to shift recipients from agricultural wage employment towards non-farm wage emp…
Evaluating the impact of conditional cash transfer programs on fertility
Migration and food consumption patterns in Ghana
Assessing the impact of migration on food and nutrition security
The impact of migration on food consumption patterns
Economics (44 works) · Economic growth (35 works) · Geography (27 works) · Agriculture (24 works) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (24 works) · Business (21 works) · Political science (18 works) · Demographic economics (15 works) · Development economics (15 works) · Poverty (14 works)