E Gliozzo
Biographic Data
| ID | 15768 |
|---|---|
| NAME | E Gliozzo |
| GIVEN NAMES | E |
| FAMILY NAME | Gliozzo |
| SIGNATURE | GLIOZZO E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Siena |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6738-078X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 44 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 429 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 44 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Pliny’s Creta umbrica reconsidered
This study investigates the possible correspondence between the modern material known as Terra di Nocera , traditionally used in cosmetic and therapeutic applications, and the creta umbrica described by Pliny the Elder as a substance employed in textile treatments. The multidisciplinary approach combined mineralogical and geochemical analyses to characterise samples of Terra di Nocera ( Scaglia Cinerea Formation), alongside reference rocks from t…
The glass assemblage from San Pietro in Castello
This study presents the results of a comprehensive archaeometric investigation of a glass assemblage from the early medieval levels of San Pietro in Castello (Olivolo, Venice), a site of strategic importance during the formative stages of the city. A total of 45 samples, including finished vessels, architectural glass, production waste and a crucible, were analysed using SEM-EDS, EMPA, and LA-ICP-MS. As for glassmaking technology, the results rev…
The ceramic vessels of the late antique and early medieval domus in the religious complex of San Pietro ( Canusium , Italy)
This study broadens our knowledge of the relationship between the clayey georesources available in northern Apulia and the artisanal production of ceramics. The focus is placed on a collection of 6 th and 7 th century A.D. pottery found in the domus excavated within the archaeological complex of Canosa San Pietro (ancient Canusium ) in Italy. The integration of the results obtained from this study with those already available made it possible to …
New data and insights on the secondary glass workshop of Comacchio (Italy)
This study introduces a collection of 33 glass samples, encompassing production indicators (blocks, fluidity tests, drops, cuts and wastes) and finished products (mainly goblets and probably a lamp) dating to the second half of the 7 th century, except for a single more recent specimen (12 th -14 th ). Additionally, a fragment was taken from a crucible bearing a thin layer of glass inside it. This new collection complements the investigation of g…
Glass trade through the Adriatic Sea
A repertoire of 1357 glass samples from Italy, Croatia, Slovenia and Serbia was used to investigate glass trade in the Adriatic Sea. The achieved overview begins in the 1st century and, after a peak of occurrences between the 4th and the 7th century, continues until the 16th with a decreasing number of pieces of evidence. Between the 1st and the 3rd century, Levantine (Roman Mn) and Egyptian (Roman Sb) products coexist in percentages that can be …
Late antique glass from Salapia
The investigation of 38 late antique vessels from the archaeological excavation of Salapia has been performed using EMPA and LA‐ICP‐MS. The collection was made using impure sands and mineral soda. Among coloured glass, most vessels were made of ‘fresh’ glass. The use of colouring agents is rare, and most decoloured glass is obtained by Mn addition. Sb‐decolouration is limited to one cup, and two colourless vessels show both manganese and antimony…
Pigments—Lead-based whites, reds, yellows and oranges and their alteration phases
This review summarises the state-of-the-art of lead-based pigment studies, addressing their production, trade, use and possible alteration. Other issues, such as those related to the investigation and protection of artworks bearing lead-based pigments are also presented. The focus is mineralogical, as both raw materials and degradation products are mineral phases occurring in nature (except for very few cases). The minerals described are abellait…
Pigments—Arsenic-based yellows and reds
This review offers an update on arsenic-bearing minerals and pigments with the aim of serving as a guide for the study of Cultural Heritage materials in which these materials can be found. The different As-bearing mineral phases (realgar, pararealgar, orpiment, anorpiment, alacranite, dimorphite, bonazziite, uzonite, wakabayashilite, duranusite, arsenolite and claudetite) and some of their light-induced products are examined. The occurrence of As…
The early Roman pottery kilns in the ager Rusellanus (southern Tuscany, Italy) and their products
Pigments - Mercury-based red (cinnabar-vermilion) and white (calomel) and their degradation products
This article summarises the history of cinnabar, from its first uses in burials to modern oils on canvas. After a brief introduction on mercury and contamination issues, the article gets to the heart of the topic. First, mercury-based minerals significant for studying pigments,i.e. cinnabar, metacinnabar, hypercinnabar and calomel, are presented. Structural information and properties precede an overview of the geographic distribution of cinnabar …
Mortars, plasters and pigments-research questions and sampling criteria
Within the Topical Collection, this paper represents an introductory contribution aimed at describing and discussing the research questions and the sampling criteria in the field of mortars, plasters and pigments studies. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, some terminological issues are clarified and the building archaeology is introduced as an indispensable method for sampling and interpreting archaeometric results. In the…
Ceramics from Samshvilde (Georgia)
Old recipes, new strategies
The Grosseto plain has undergone extensive morphological changes. The shoreline progression has been taking place during the last millennium and has deeply affected settlement, infrastructural, and socioeconomic dynamics. Consequently, this study aims to (a) localize the raw materials exploited during the Roman period for building materials production, (b) reconstruct the production technology, and (c) provide a meaningful reconstruction of the c…
Ceramic technology. How to reconstruct the firing process
Ceramics investigation
Ceramic technology
Painted and common wares from Salapia (Cerignola, Italy)
New geochemical and isotopic insights into the Late Antique Apulian glass and the Himt1 and Himt2 glass productions-the glass vessels from San Giusto (Foggia, Italy) and the diagrams for provenance st…
Colourless glass from the Palatine and Esquiline hills in Rome (Italy). New data on antimony- and manganese-decoloured glass in the Roman period
The composition of colourless glass
Glass ingots, raw glass chunks, glass wastes and vessels from fifth century AD Palatine Hill (Rome, Italy)
Late Antique Glass Vessels and Production Indicators from the Town of Herdonia (Foggia, Italy)
In the framework of the archaeometric research on Apulian Late Antique glass, a collection of 24 glass vessels (third to seventh centuries ad ) and production indicators found at Herdonia (Foggia, Italy) was examined, by means of SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and LA–ICP–MS. A fragment of crucible was further investigated by SEM–EDS and EMPA. The results obtained were discussed together with another glass collection from Herdonia previously investigated. …
Late Antique and Early Medieval Glass Vessels from Faragola (Italy)
Thirty‐two glass objects (third to ninth centuries ad ) have been investigated by means of SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and LA–ICP–MS. Siliceous sands and natron were identified as the vitrifying and the fluxing agents, respectively. Colouring agents were iron for yellow/–green, aqua blue and blackish glass; cobalt for blue and, combined with iron, for brownish glass; and copper and lead antimonates for one emerald green glass. Antimony was the main dec…
From the kilns to the fair
The ‘Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints’ of Ambrogio Lorenzetti in the St. Augustine Church (Siena, Italy)
Ceramic technology. How to reconstruct the firing process
Pigments - Mercury-based red (cinnabar-vermilion) and white (calomel) and their degradation products
This article summarises the history of cinnabar, from its first uses in burials to modern oils on canvas. After a brief introduction on mercury and contamination issues, the article gets to the heart of the topic. First, mercury-based minerals significant for studying pigments,i.e. cinnabar, metacinnabar, hypercinnabar and calomel, are presented. Structural information and properties precede an overview of the geographic distribution of cinnabar …
Mortars, plasters and pigments-research questions and sampling criteria
Within the Topical Collection, this paper represents an introductory contribution aimed at describing and discussing the research questions and the sampling criteria in the field of mortars, plasters and pigments studies. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, some terminological issues are clarified and the building archaeology is introduced as an indispensable method for sampling and interpreting archaeometric results. In the…
Ceramics investigation
Ceramic technology
The Sectilia Panels of Faragola (Ascoli Satriano, Southern Italy)
SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and ICP–OES were applied to the study of three sectilia panels made of red, orange and yellow glass slabs. In order to determine the chemical state of Cu, XAS was also performed. The results indicate that, with the exception of the red samples, all slabs were made by mixing a siliceous sand with natron. The red slabs show significant compositional differences with respect to K 2 O and MgO contents, probably linked to the use…
Late Antique Glass Vessels and Production Indicators from the Town of Herdonia (Foggia, Italy)
In the framework of the archaeometric research on Apulian Late Antique glass, a collection of 24 glass vessels (third to seventh centuries ad ) and production indicators found at Herdonia (Foggia, Italy) was examined, by means of SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and LA–ICP–MS. A fragment of crucible was further investigated by SEM–EDS and EMPA. The results obtained were discussed together with another glass collection from Herdonia previously investigated. …
Pigments and Plasters Discovered in the House of Diana ( Cosa , Grosseto, Italy)
The pigments and the plasters of the Roman frescoes discovered at the House of Diana (Cosa, Grosseto, Italy) were analysed using non‐destructive and destructive mineralogical and chemical techniques. The characterization of both pigments and plasters was performed through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. The pigments were identified by Raman spectroscopy and submitted to stable isotope analysis. T…
The Sectilia Panels of Faragola (Ascoli Satriano, Southern Italy)
Analyses at the Cu–K, Fe–K and Mn–K edge were performed to study the green, marbled (green and yellow), blue and blackish (deep greyish olive green) glass slabs decorating three sectilia panels from the archaeological site of Faragola. Results indicate that all slabs were made by mixing siliceous sand with natron, sometimes probably mixed with small percentages of plant ash. Cu 2 + and Pb antimonates should be responsible for the opaque green col…
New geochemical and isotopic insights into the Late Antique Apulian glass and the Himt1 and Himt2 glass productions-the glass vessels from San Giusto (Foggia, Italy) and the diagrams for provenance st…
Black Gloss Pottery
The object of the present study is an assemblage of 149 black gloss pottery samples found in northern Etruria (Tuscany, Italy), at Arezzo, Volterra, Chiusi and Populonia. Complete chemical analyses have been performed for the whole set of samples, whereas mineralogical characterization has been provided for most of the Volterra, Chiusi and Populonia samples. The Chiusi‐Marcianella production site has been the further object of a detailed study ai…
Black Gloss Pottery
The present study aims to understand the reasons for the visual differences of black gloss pottery found in northern Etruria. The results obtained by conventional (scanning electron microscope, electron microprobe) and synchrotron (X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy) techniques indicate that the thickness, porosity or chemical composition of the different types of gloss cannot be used as the principal distinguishing factor. The size…
The Coloured Tesserae Decorating the Vaults of the Faragola Balneum (Ascoli Satriano, Foggia, Southern Italy)
Twenty‐six tesserae (red, orange, yellow, light amber, green, blue and white) from the balneum of the villa at Faragola (Ascoli Satriano, Foggia) have been examined by colorimetry, ICP–MS, ICP–OES and SEM–EDS. Different types of calcareous sands have been used as the source of silica (network former), also providing the stabilizing agent. A natron‐type soda source served as the network modifier; however, the use of a sodium‐rich plant ash and the…
Waste Glass, Vessels and Window-Panes From Thamusida (Morocco)
A collection of window-panes, vessels and alleged waste from Thamusida has been investigated by OM, SEM–EDS, ICP–MS, ICP–OES and XAS at the Fe–K and Mn–K edges. Glass samples have been characterized as natron-based soda–lime–silica glasses, with low magnesium and low potassium. The results have been compared with 43 reference groups available for ‘naturally coloured’ and colourless glasses of both Roman and later ages. Two main types were disting…
Cooking and Painted Ware From San Giusto (Lucera, Foggia)
Archaeological excavation at the San Giusto site (Lucera, Italy) has unearthed a Late Antique kiln that was most certainly dedicated to the production of cooking ware. An archaeometric study of numerous specimens of cooking and painted ware found at this site was carried out using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, micro‐Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma mass and optical emission …
Archaeometric characterisation of coarse and painted fine ware from Posta Crusta (Foggia, Italy)
Integrating archaeology, archaeometry and geology
Late Antique and Early Medieval Glass Vessels from Faragola (Italy)
Thirty‐two glass objects (third to ninth centuries ad ) have been investigated by means of SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and LA–ICP–MS. Siliceous sands and natron were identified as the vitrifying and the fluxing agents, respectively. Colouring agents were iron for yellow/–green, aqua blue and blackish glass; cobalt for blue and, combined with iron, for brownish glass; and copper and lead antimonates for one emerald green glass. Antimony was the main dec…
In the footsteps of Pliny
From the kilns to the fair
The F aragola Ceramic Collection
A collection of 30 ceramic samples, 16 of coarse wares and 14 of fine painted wares, have been investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Further samples of clayey sediments, both locally outcropping and found within the settling tank, have been submitted to the same analytical techniques f…
North Apulian Coarse Wares and Fine Painted Wares
Late Antique coarse cooking wares and painted fine wares found at Herdonia (second half of the fourth century to mid‐fifth century ad ) and Canusium (late sixth century to early seventh century ad ) have been chemically and mineralogically characterized. A total of 74 samples (40 of coarse ware and 34 of fine painted ware) was investigated through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, inductively coupled plas…
Pigments and Plasters From the Roman Settlement of Thamusida (Rabat, Morocco)
A total of 22 samples were taken both from plasters still in situ and from collapsed material recovered by French, Italian and Moroccan teams at the Roman settlement of Thamusida (Rabat, Morocco). The sample characterization was obtained using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, image analysis and Raman micro‐spectroscopy. Plaster aggregate was made using a mixture of sands and clays that outcrop nearby, while lime was probably prod…
Old recipes, new strategies
The Grosseto plain has undergone extensive morphological changes. The shoreline progression has been taking place during the last millennium and has deeply affected settlement, infrastructural, and socioeconomic dynamics. Consequently, this study aims to (a) localize the raw materials exploited during the Roman period for building materials production, (b) reconstruct the production technology, and (c) provide a meaningful reconstruction of the c…
Glass ingots, raw glass chunks, glass wastes and vessels from fifth century AD Palatine Hill (Rome, Italy)
Pigments and Plasters Discovered in the House of Diana ( Cosa , Grosseto, Italy)
The pigments and the plasters of the Roman frescoes discovered at the House of Diana (Cosa, Grosseto, Italy) were analysed using non‐destructive and destructive mineralogical and chemical techniques. The characterization of both pigments and plasters was performed through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. The pigments were identified by Raman spectroscopy and submitted to stable isotope analysis. T…
Black Gloss Pottery
The object of the present study is an assemblage of 149 black gloss pottery samples found in northern Etruria (Tuscany, Italy), at Arezzo, Volterra, Chiusi and Populonia. Complete chemical analyses have been performed for the whole set of samples, whereas mineralogical characterization has been provided for most of the Volterra, Chiusi and Populonia samples. The Chiusi‐Marcianella production site has been the further object of a detailed study ai…
Black Gloss Pottery
The present study aims to understand the reasons for the visual differences of black gloss pottery found in northern Etruria. The results obtained by conventional (scanning electron microscope, electron microprobe) and synchrotron (X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy) techniques indicate that the thickness, porosity or chemical composition of the different types of gloss cannot be used as the principal distinguishing factor. The size…
Cooking and Painted Ware From San Giusto (Lucera, Foggia)
Archaeological excavation at the San Giusto site (Lucera, Italy) has unearthed a Late Antique kiln that was most certainly dedicated to the production of cooking ware. An archaeometric study of numerous specimens of cooking and painted ware found at this site was carried out using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, micro‐Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma mass and optical emission …
Integrating archaeology, archaeometry and geology
The Sectilia Panels of Faragola (Ascoli Satriano, Southern Italy)
SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and ICP–OES were applied to the study of three sectilia panels made of red, orange and yellow glass slabs. In order to determine the chemical state of Cu, XAS was also performed. The results indicate that, with the exception of the red samples, all slabs were made by mixing a siliceous sand with natron. The red slabs show significant compositional differences with respect to K 2 O and MgO contents, probably linked to the use…
Common ware production at Thamusida
Building materials from Thamusida (Rabat, Morocco)
The Sectilia Panels of Faragola (Ascoli Satriano, Southern Italy)
Analyses at the Cu–K, Fe–K and Mn–K edge were performed to study the green, marbled (green and yellow), blue and blackish (deep greyish olive green) glass slabs decorating three sectilia panels from the archaeological site of Faragola. Results indicate that all slabs were made by mixing siliceous sand with natron, sometimes probably mixed with small percentages of plant ash. Cu 2 + and Pb antimonates should be responsible for the opaque green col…
Archaeometric characterisation of coarse and painted fine ware from Posta Crusta (Foggia, Italy)
Gemstones From Vigna Barberini at the Palatine Hill (Rome, Italy)
This study investigates 25 gemstones (23 intaglios and two undecorated cabochon, used between the third quarter of the first century ad and the second century ad) found in the archaeological excavations performed at ‘Vigna Barberini’, in the north-east sector of the Palatine Hill in Rome. The analytical results obtained by means of SR-XRD, Raman micro-spectroscopy and PIXE measurements provided, in a totally non-destructive mode, unambiguous char…
Stamped bricks from the ager cosanus (Orbetello, Grosseto)
The Coloured Tesserae Decorating the Vaults of the Faragola Balneum (Ascoli Satriano, Foggia, Southern Italy)
Twenty‐six tesserae (red, orange, yellow, light amber, green, blue and white) from the balneum of the villa at Faragola (Ascoli Satriano, Foggia) have been examined by colorimetry, ICP–MS, ICP–OES and SEM–EDS. Different types of calcareous sands have been used as the source of silica (network former), also providing the stabilizing agent. A natron‐type soda source served as the network modifier; however, the use of a sodium‐rich plant ash and the…
Pigments and Plasters From the Roman Settlement of Thamusida (Rabat, Morocco)
A total of 22 samples were taken both from plasters still in situ and from collapsed material recovered by French, Italian and Moroccan teams at the Roman settlement of Thamusida (Rabat, Morocco). The sample characterization was obtained using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, image analysis and Raman micro‐spectroscopy. Plaster aggregate was made using a mixture of sands and clays that outcrop nearby, while lime was probably prod…
Waste Glass, Vessels and Window-Panes From Thamusida (Morocco)
A collection of window-panes, vessels and alleged waste from Thamusida has been investigated by OM, SEM–EDS, ICP–MS, ICP–OES and XAS at the Fe–K and Mn–K edges. Glass samples have been characterized as natron-based soda–lime–silica glasses, with low magnesium and low potassium. The results have been compared with 43 reference groups available for ‘naturally coloured’ and colourless glasses of both Roman and later ages. Two main types were disting…
North Apulian Coarse Wares and Fine Painted Wares
Late Antique coarse cooking wares and painted fine wares found at Herdonia (second half of the fourth century to mid‐fifth century ad ) and Canusium (late sixth century to early seventh century ad ) have been chemically and mineralogically characterized. A total of 74 samples (40 of coarse ware and 34 of fine painted ware) was investigated through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, inductively coupled plas…
The ‘Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints’ of Ambrogio Lorenzetti in the St. Augustine Church (Siena, Italy)
In the footsteps of Pliny
The F aragola Ceramic Collection
A collection of 30 ceramic samples, 16 of coarse wares and 14 of fine painted wares, have been investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Further samples of clayey sediments, both locally outcropping and found within the settling tank, have been submitted to the same analytical techniques f…
The Volterran Urns
The artistic evolution of the V olterran cinerary urns is a good representation of E truscan painting from the fourth to the first century bc . The interest generated by this type of object directed our research towards the study of the V olterran artefacts, including the analysis of the pigments as well as that of the rocks used for the coffers. The entire colour range shown by the painted urns has been sampled and investigated through R aman mi…
Late Antique Glass Vessels and Production Indicators from the Town of Herdonia (Foggia, Italy)
In the framework of the archaeometric research on Apulian Late Antique glass, a collection of 24 glass vessels (third to seventh centuries ad ) and production indicators found at Herdonia (Foggia, Italy) was examined, by means of SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and LA–ICP–MS. A fragment of crucible was further investigated by SEM–EDS and EMPA. The results obtained were discussed together with another glass collection from Herdonia previously investigated. …
Late Antique and Early Medieval Glass Vessels from Faragola (Italy)
Thirty‐two glass objects (third to ninth centuries ad ) have been investigated by means of SEM–EDS, EMPA, ICP–MS and LA–ICP–MS. Siliceous sands and natron were identified as the vitrifying and the fluxing agents, respectively. Colouring agents were iron for yellow/–green, aqua blue and blackish glass; cobalt for blue and, combined with iron, for brownish glass; and copper and lead antimonates for one emerald green glass. Antimony was the main dec…
From the kilns to the fair
Colourless glass from the Palatine and Esquiline hills in Rome (Italy). New data on antimony- and manganese-decoloured glass in the Roman period
The composition of colourless glass
Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis (41 works) · Archaeology (33 works) · Building materials and conservation (32 works) · Geography (31 works) · Geology (27 works) · Mineralogy (26 works) · Materials Science (23 works) · Metallurgy (17 works) · Chemistry (16 works) · Conservation Techniques and Studies (16 works)