T Garland
Biographic Data
| ID | 16005 |
|---|---|
| NAME | T Garland |
| GIVEN NAMES | T |
| FAMILY NAME | Garland |
| SIGNATURE | GARLAND T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Riverside |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7916-3552 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 10 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 66 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 10 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Exercise‐induced loading increases ilium cortical area in a selectively bred mouse model
OBJECTIVES: Little is known about how ilium cortical bone responds to loading. Using a mouse model, this study presents data testing the hypothesis that iliac cross-sectional properties are altered in response to increased activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample derives from lines of High Runner (HR) mice bred for increased wheel-running activity. Four treatment groups of female mice were tested: non-selected control lines housed without (N =…
Reply to Ruff, Warden, and Karlson
Predicting the bending properties of long bones
Objectives Analyses of bone cross‐sectional geometry are frequently used by anthropologists and paleontologists to infer the loading histories of past populations. To address some underlying assumptions, we investigated the relative roles of genetics and exercise on bone cross‐sectional geometry and bending mechanics in three mouse strains: high bone density (C3H/He), low bone density (C57BL/6), and a high‐runner strain homozygous for the Myh4 Mi…
Locomotor activity, growth hormones, and systemic robusticity
OBJECTIVES: To use a mouse model to investigate the relationships among the components of the systemic robusticity hypothesis (SRH): voluntary exercise on wheels, spontaneous physical activity (SPA) in cages, growth hormones, and skeletal robusticity, especially cranial vault thickness (CVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty female mice from lines artificially selected for high running (HR) and 50 from nonselected control (C) lines were housed in cag…
Mobility as an emergent property of biological organization
Anthropologists accept that mobility is a critical dimension of human culture, one that links economy, technology, and social relations. Less often acknowledged is that mobility depends on complex and dynamic interactions between multiple levels of our biological organization, including anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, and genetics. Here, we describe a novel experimental approach to examining the biological foundations of mobility, using mice f…
Genetic variations and physical activity as determinants of limb bone morphology
To gain insight into past human physical activity, anthropologists often infer functional loading history from the morphology of limb bone remains. It is assumed that, during life, loading had a positive, dose‐dependent effect on bone structure that can be identified despite other effects. Here, we investigate the effects of genetic background and functional loading on limb bones using mice from an artificial selection experiment for high levels …
Functional significance of genetic variation underlying limb bone diaphyseal structure
Limb bone diaphyseal structure is frequently used to infer hominin activity levels from skeletal remains, an approach based on the well‐documented ability of bone to adjust to its loading environment during life. However, diaphyseal structure is also determined in part by genetic factors. This study investigates the possibility that genetic variation underlying diaphyseal structure is influenced by the activity levels of ancestral populations and…
Regulation of energy balance in mice selectively bred for high voluntary activity
Testing for Phylogenetic Signal in Comparative Data
The primary rationale for the use of phylogenetically based statistical methods is that phylogenetic signal, the tendency for related species to resemble each other, is ubiquitous. Whether this assertion is true for a given trait in a given lineage is an empirical question, but general tools for detecting and quantifying phylogenetic signal are inadequately developed. We present new methods for continuous-valued characters that can be implemented…
Are subordinates always stressed? a comparative analysis of rank differences in cortisol levels among primates
Genetic variations and physical activity as determinants of limb bone morphology
To gain insight into past human physical activity, anthropologists often infer functional loading history from the morphology of limb bone remains. It is assumed that, during life, loading had a positive, dose‐dependent effect on bone structure that can be identified despite other effects. Here, we investigate the effects of genetic background and functional loading on limb bones using mice from an artificial selection experiment for high levels …
Functional significance of genetic variation underlying limb bone diaphyseal structure
Limb bone diaphyseal structure is frequently used to infer hominin activity levels from skeletal remains, an approach based on the well‐documented ability of bone to adjust to its loading environment during life. However, diaphyseal structure is also determined in part by genetic factors. This study investigates the possibility that genetic variation underlying diaphyseal structure is influenced by the activity levels of ancestral populations and…
Locomotor activity, growth hormones, and systemic robusticity
OBJECTIVES: To use a mouse model to investigate the relationships among the components of the systemic robusticity hypothesis (SRH): voluntary exercise on wheels, spontaneous physical activity (SPA) in cages, growth hormones, and skeletal robusticity, especially cranial vault thickness (CVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty female mice from lines artificially selected for high running (HR) and 50 from nonselected control (C) lines were housed in cag…
Mobility as an emergent property of biological organization
Anthropologists accept that mobility is a critical dimension of human culture, one that links economy, technology, and social relations. Less often acknowledged is that mobility depends on complex and dynamic interactions between multiple levels of our biological organization, including anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, and genetics. Here, we describe a novel experimental approach to examining the biological foundations of mobility, using mice f…
Predicting the bending properties of long bones
Objectives Analyses of bone cross‐sectional geometry are frequently used by anthropologists and paleontologists to infer the loading histories of past populations. To address some underlying assumptions, we investigated the relative roles of genetics and exercise on bone cross‐sectional geometry and bending mechanics in three mouse strains: high bone density (C3H/He), low bone density (C57BL/6), and a high‐runner strain homozygous for the Myh4 Mi…
Exercise‐induced loading increases ilium cortical area in a selectively bred mouse model
OBJECTIVES: Little is known about how ilium cortical bone responds to loading. Using a mouse model, this study presents data testing the hypothesis that iliac cross-sectional properties are altered in response to increased activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample derives from lines of High Runner (HR) mice bred for increased wheel-running activity. Four treatment groups of female mice were tested: non-selected control lines housed without (N =…
Reply to Ruff, Warden, and Karlson
Testing for Phylogenetic Signal in Comparative Data
The primary rationale for the use of phylogenetically based statistical methods is that phylogenetic signal, the tendency for related species to resemble each other, is ubiquitous. Whether this assertion is true for a given trait in a given lineage is an empirical question, but general tools for detecting and quantifying phylogenetic signal are inadequately developed. We present new methods for continuous-valued characters that can be implemented…
Are subordinates always stressed? a comparative analysis of rank differences in cortisol levels among primates
Regulation of energy balance in mice selectively bred for high voluntary activity
Functional significance of genetic variation underlying limb bone diaphyseal structure
Limb bone diaphyseal structure is frequently used to infer hominin activity levels from skeletal remains, an approach based on the well‐documented ability of bone to adjust to its loading environment during life. However, diaphyseal structure is also determined in part by genetic factors. This study investigates the possibility that genetic variation underlying diaphyseal structure is influenced by the activity levels of ancestral populations and…
Genetic variations and physical activity as determinants of limb bone morphology
To gain insight into past human physical activity, anthropologists often infer functional loading history from the morphology of limb bone remains. It is assumed that, during life, loading had a positive, dose‐dependent effect on bone structure that can be identified despite other effects. Here, we investigate the effects of genetic background and functional loading on limb bones using mice from an artificial selection experiment for high levels …
Mobility as an emergent property of biological organization
Anthropologists accept that mobility is a critical dimension of human culture, one that links economy, technology, and social relations. Less often acknowledged is that mobility depends on complex and dynamic interactions between multiple levels of our biological organization, including anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, and genetics. Here, we describe a novel experimental approach to examining the biological foundations of mobility, using mice f…
Reply to Ruff, Warden, and Karlson
Predicting the bending properties of long bones
Objectives Analyses of bone cross‐sectional geometry are frequently used by anthropologists and paleontologists to infer the loading histories of past populations. To address some underlying assumptions, we investigated the relative roles of genetics and exercise on bone cross‐sectional geometry and bending mechanics in three mouse strains: high bone density (C3H/He), low bone density (C57BL/6), and a high‐runner strain homozygous for the Myh4 Mi…
Locomotor activity, growth hormones, and systemic robusticity
OBJECTIVES: To use a mouse model to investigate the relationships among the components of the systemic robusticity hypothesis (SRH): voluntary exercise on wheels, spontaneous physical activity (SPA) in cages, growth hormones, and skeletal robusticity, especially cranial vault thickness (CVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty female mice from lines artificially selected for high running (HR) and 50 from nonselected control (C) lines were housed in cag…
Exercise‐induced loading increases ilium cortical area in a selectively bred mouse model
OBJECTIVES: Little is known about how ilium cortical bone responds to loading. Using a mouse model, this study presents data testing the hypothesis that iliac cross-sectional properties are altered in response to increased activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample derives from lines of High Runner (HR) mice bred for increased wheel-running activity. Four treatment groups of female mice were tested: non-selected control lines housed without (N =…
Biology (9 works) · Genetics and Physical Performance (6 works) · Anatomy (4 works) · Anatomy (4 works) · Evolutionary biology (4 works) · Genetics (3 works) · Genetics (3 works) · Mathematics (3 works) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (3 works) · Adipose Tissue and Metabolism (2 works)