D Lester
Biographic Data
| ID | 18165 |
|---|---|
| NAME | D Lester |
| GIVEN NAMES | D |
| FAMILY NAME | Lester |
| SIGNATURE | LESTER D |
| AFFILIATIONS | The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1357-8672 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 952 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 131 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 952 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1950 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Effects of Hypnotherapy on Cognitive Flexibility, Rumination and Stigma in Alzheimer's Patients
Are social media platforms blurring the lines between coercive control and healthy relationship? A study investigating perceptions of coercive control
This study was designed to investigate the relationship between social media (in particular, TikTok) and perceptions of coercive control. Participants viewed seven TikTok videos which involved coercive control and judged them using quantitative questions and open-ended question. The results showed that a moderate negative correlation was observed, indicating that individuals who approved of the behaviour shown in the video held more permissive at…
Trend of suicide research in Muslim majority countries in the last three decades (1995–2024)
Suicide is an under-researched public health problem in Islamic countries. We examined the trend of suicide research in Islamic countries to identify the potential gaps. We searched Scopus and analysed the articles published on suicide in Muslim-majority countries for the period 1995–2024. The bibiometric analysis revealed that the number of papers on suicide has increased yearly. Türkiye was the leading country, universities from Iran were the l…
Psychometric properties of the Lithuanian versions of the Revised Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale and the Existential Death Anxiety Scale
Two death anxiety measures-the Revised Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale (CLFODS) and the Existential Death Anxiety Scale (EDAS)-facilitate the study of specific aspects of death anxiety. The aim of the present study was to test the psychometric properties of Lithuanian versions of the CLFODS and the EDAS. The sample consisted of 528 participants, 75.9% were women, from 18 to 82 years old ( M = 33.63, SD = 14.47). Both scales had good psychometr…
Gen Z Hybristophilia
This research explores hybristophilia (an individual’s sexual interest in and attraction to those who commit crimes) among Generation Z women, particularly through investigating how Gen Z female users interact with and feel about hybristophilic content and how this content impacts their attraction to offenders. Study 1 involved a content analysis of 66 videos and 91 comments on TikTok, identifying seven main themes: The Halo Effect, ActorOffender…
Italian validation of the social anxiety scale for social media users (SAS-SMU) in a non-clinical sample
Modus operandi of persons convicted of a sexual offense from victims’ perspectives in a Turkish sample
Child sexual abuse is typically studied using reports from the offender and in Western countries. The aim of the present study was to investigate pre- and post-abuse strategies of persons convicted of a sexual offense to children in Turkey using the statements made by the child victims and to frame the results using rational choice theory. A qualitative study was made for the themes in the police statements from 46 children who were victims of ch…
The associations between religiosity and the Big-Five personality traits in college students from Sudan
Research on the association between religiosity and personality with Arab participants is rare. The aim of the present study was to explore this association using a sample (N = 623) of college students from Sudan. They responded to the Arabic Scale of Intrinsic Religiosity and the Arabic Big-Five Personality Inventory. The results indicated that men obtained a significantly higher mean score than did women for extraversion, whereas women obtained…
The development and validation of the Covid-19 Depression Scale (Covid-19DS)
The aims of the study were: (a) to develop, assess the psychometric properties and explore the factorial structure of the COVID-19 Depression Scale (COVID-19DS), (b) to explore correlations of the COVID-19DS scores with the Perceived Health-related Components Scale (PHCS) scores, and (c) to examine gender differences. A total sample of 313 Turkish students was selected. Cronbach's α was .92. Two factors were extracted and labeled Affective, Cogni…
An examination of culture and gender differences on the Love of Life Scale (LLS) and its psychometric properties
The present research studied 2570 college students from seven countries: Egypt, Algeria, Kuwait, Lebanon, Iran, India and Turkey. The aims were: (a) to compare love of life mean scores between the seven samples, (b) to examine sex-related differences in love of life, and (c) to explore the principal components of the Love of Life Scale (LLS). The highest mean total LLS scores were for Kuwait, India, and Iran students, respectively. All countries …
Belief in a Day of Judgment and locus of control in university students from three nations
The aim of the study was to explore the association between Belief in Day of Judgment (BDJ) and belief in locus of control (LCS) in samples from three nations: Iran, Turkey and the USA. A scale devised by Beshai and Lester to measure Belief in a Day of Judgment (BDJS) and Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale (MLCS) for internal, powerful others, or chance loci of control were administered to 386 students. Age was not associated with BDJ in the…
Suicide risk and suicide risk factors among immigrants in Italy
Italy has the third-largest immigrant population of European Union countries, but only a few research papers have examined suicide risk in immigrant psychiatric patients in Italy. The main aim of this paper was to compare suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a sample of 304 psychiatric patients. We included 152 immigrant patients matched with 152 Italian patients admitted to the same wards during the same time period by age, gender, and diag…
Psychometric Properties of the Italian Mentalization Questionnaire
Mentalization is an important interpersonal ability, necessary for adaptive interpersonal relationships and emotion regulation. Deficits in mentalization have been associated with poor psychological outcomes and have been observed in patients with Borderline Personality Disorder. The Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ) has been developed as self-report measure of mentalization deficit. The aim of the study was to investigate the dimensionality of t…
The impact of religiosity on the disability, psychological well-being, and somatic health of multiple sclerosis patients
The aim of the study was to predict disability, psychological wellbeing, and somatic health in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with the mediating variable of religiosity. A sample of 128 patients was recruited, and were administered the Expanded Disability Status Scale, the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index, the Patient Health Questionnaire-15, and a Self-Rating Scale of Religiosity. Religiosity did not predict disability, psychologic…
Religion and suicide among Chinese Rural Youths
In this research we used data collected with psychological autopsy method to compare 392 suicides with 416 living controls among adolescents and young adults in rural China. Informants were asked whether the subjects in the study believed in a religion (and which religion) and whether they believed in a life after death. For the suicides, 7.8% believed in a religion compared to 5.8% of the living controls. For the suicides, 11.2% believed in a li…
Looking Into Recent Suicide Rates and Trends in Malaysia
Background: Suicide is a preventable cause of death. Examining suicide rates and trends are important in shaping national suicide prevention strategies. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze age-standardized suicide trends of Malaysia between 2000 and 2019 using the WHO Global Health Estimates data, and to compare the 2019 rate with countries from the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), Muslim majority countries, an…
Is Lethality Different between Males and Females? Clinical and Gender Differences in Inpatient Suicide Attempters
According to the gender paradox in suicidology, an important sex difference has been reported with a preponderance of females in nonfatal suicidal behavior and a preponderance of males in completed suicide. Furthermore, females and males present different risk factors for suicide. The present study explored possible clinical differences between male and female psychiatric inpatients who had recently attempted suicide. The study included 177 adult…
An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019
Most Muslim-majority countries had lower age-standardized suicide rates than the global average, which might reflect religious belief and practice or due to Muslim laws in their judicial and social structure which may lead to underreporting. This finding needs further in-depth country and region-specific study with regard to its implication for public policy
A Population-Level Study Concerning the Assumed Association Between Suicide Rates and Antidepressant Consumption in Hungary
The prescription of antidepressants in Hungary has had no impact on suicide rates
Religious spiritual well-being
The aim of the present study was to compare religious spiritual well-being between three Muslim Iranian samples: old and middle-aged adults, university students and psychiatric outpatients. The sample was a convenience sample of 561 individuals in Tehran, Iran, who completed the Multidimensional Inventory for Religious Spiritual Well-Being (MI-RSWB 48). The psychiatric outpatients had lower General Religiosity (GR), Hope Transcendent (HT), Transc…
The Interpersonal Mattering Scale
Mattering is a social-psychological, emotional and cognitive concept related to the sense of belonging to and with others, thereby reducing the sense of isolation and reducing the lack of communication within the social context. The aims of the present study were: (a) to investigate the psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Mattering Scale (IMS), (b) to explore correlations between mattering and happiness, psychological well-being and lone…
The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a brief screening tool for depression
The aims of the present study were (a) to investigate the psychometric properties and to explore the factorial structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), (b) to explore the association of PHQ-9 scores with Loneliness Scale (LS) scores, (c) to determine the severity of symptoms of depression, and (d) to examine sex differences. The PHQ-9 and LS were administered to a convenience sample of 260 Iranian university students. Cronbach's α…
Religiosity, happiness and suicidal behaviour
A sample of 102 Iranian psychiatric outpatients was selected. For a comparison group, a sample of 72 Iranian university employees was recruited. Participants responded to the Self-Rating Scale for Religiosity and the Self-Rating Scale of Happiness, and the Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised. The correlations of religiosity and happiness with suicidal behaviour for the patients were negative and significant, but the employees were negative a…
Love of Life Model
The aims of the present study were (a) to develop a Love of Life Model for psychiatric outpatients, (b) to explore correlations for love of life with psychological well-being, depression, somatic health, and spiritual health, and (c) to explore gender-related differences. A sample of 250 Iranian psychiatric outpatients responded to the Love of Life Scale, World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Patient Hea…
Religiosity as a predictor of mental health in Egyptian teenagers in preparatory and secondary school
BACKGROUND: There have been few studies of religiosity in adolescents and even fewer in Muslim cultures. AIMS: The present study investigated the associations of religiosity with subjective well-being (WB, and mental and physical health) using samples of Egyptian children and adolescents. METHOD: Samples of Egyptian preparatory school children and secondary school children were administered questions concerning religiosity, mental and physical he…
Suicide Bombers
Research on the characteristics of suicide bombers is reviewed. Contrary to previous commentary, it is suggested that suicide bombers may share personality traits (such as the "authoritarian personality") that psychological profiles of suicide bombers might be feasible, and that the suicide bombers may be characterized by the risk factors that increase the probability of suicide
Toxicity of car exhausts and opportunity for suicide
The rate of car exhaust suicides in the United States has declined following the introduction of emission controls in the mid-1960s, though not as much as the decline in CO emitted by cars. In Britain, where emission controls have not been introduced, the rate of these suicides, initially much lower than in the United States, has greatly increased since the beginning of the 1970s and is now about double that of the United States. This rise cannot…
The collett-lester fear of death scale
This paper reviews research using the Collett-Lester fear of death scale and finds that the scale has acceptable reliability and validity. A revised version of the scale includes a more balanced number of items in each subscale, and a simplified scoring system. This paper presents both the original and the revised versions of the scale
Sociological and economic theories of suicide
Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation Among African American and European American College Women
Given that suicide is the second leading cause of death among college students, it is important to identify risk factors that may contribute to college students’ suicide. Our study examined the differences in risk factors of suicidal ideation between 99 African American and 529 European American college women (18–24 years old). The only significant difference that was reported between the two groups of women was on hopelessness, with African Amer…
Body Modification and Suicidal Behavior
In a large sample of individuals who belong to a website for body modification, having body modifications (e.g., piercings, tattoos, scarification and surgical procedures) was associated with a higher incidence of prior suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideation and attempted suicide). However, controls for self-reported depression weakened the strength of these associations
Domestic Integration and Suicide in 21 Nations, 1950-1985
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Psychological Health
A questionnaire was developed to measure the level of satisfaction in people of the five basic needs described by Maslow: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. For 166 undergraduates the level of basic needs satisfaction was related, as predicted by Maslow, to scores on measures of neuroticism and belief in an internal locus of control
Suicide in Italy during a time of economic recession
Previous research reported that economic crises may have important implications for increasing suicide rates. We investigated official data on completed suicide in Italy during the recent economic crisis as related to age and gender. Data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. The trend in suicide rates from 1980 to 2010 (the most recent year available) was analysed by joinpoint regression analysis. Rate ratios were calculated to com…
Recalculating the Economic Cost of Suicide
These authors argue that estimates of the net economic cost of suicide should go beyond accounting for direct medical costs and indirect costs from loss of earnings by those who commit suicide. There are potential savings from: (a) not having to treat the depressive and other psychiatric disorders of those who kill themselves; (b) avoidance of pension, social security and nursing home care costs; and (c) assisted-suicide. By combining all of thes…
An Application of Durkheim's Theory of Suicide to Prison Suicide Rates in the United States
E. Durkheim (1897) suggested that the societal rate of suicide might be explained by societal factors, such as marriage, divorce, and birth rates. The current study examined male prison suicide rates and suicide rates for men in the total population in the United States and found that variables based on Durkheim's theory of suicide explained prison suicide rates better than suicide rates for total population. Possible reasons for these findings a…
The Impact of Gun Control (Bill C-51) on Suicide in Canada
Suicide is a multiply determined behavior, calling for diverse prevention efforts. Gun control has been proposed as an important component of society's response, and an opportunity for studying the effects of legislative gun control laws on suicide rates was provided by Canada's Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1977 (Bill C-51). This article reviews previous studies of the impact of this act on the total population of Canada and subpopulations by ag…
Role of psychologists in crisis telephone services
Resentment and Dependency in the Suicidal Individual
(1969). Resentment and Dependency in the Suicidal Individual. The Journal of General Psychology: Vol. 81, No. 1, pp. 137-145
The association between adult ADHD and food addiction
It is important to assess emotional distress and mentalization deficits in individuals at risk of ADHD and FA because these conditions could increase the risk for the presence of disordered eating patterns
The Factorial Structure of the Revised Collett–lester Fear of Death Scale
In a study of 144 college students, the factorial structure of the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale matched the face content of the subscales quite closely, ameliorating the criticism of the scale by R. A. Neimeyer et al. (2003)
Unemployment and suicidal behaviour
acleod and Davey Smith state that the aim of their paper is to critically examine the role of psychosocial factors in health. 1 Unfortunately, what could have been an interesting discussion is compromised by the authors implicit assumption that there is a single pathway linking social position to health. The authors seem to equate parsimonious causal analysis with a narrow, reductionistic perspective, subsequently devoting most of their paper to …
Religion, personality and happiness
A sample of 212 undergraduate students in the USA completed the Oxford Happiness Inventory and the Francis Scale of Attitude Toward Christianity alongside the short form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. The data confirm that the happiest individuals are those who score low on neuroticism, high on extraversion and high on the scale of attitude toward Christianity, while the least happy individuals are those who score high on neuroticism,…
Note on ‘suicide and increased availability of handguns in the United States
Suicidality, Problem-Solving Skills, Attachment Style, and Hopelessness in Turkish Students
Among 180 Turkish university students, the probability of suicide was strongly predicted by both hopelessness and deficiencies in problem solving. In addition, for women, unhealthy attachment styles (preoccupied and dismissing) also predicted suicidality. The clinical implications of these findings are that psychotherapists should focus on helping suicidal adolescents improve their problem solving skills and decreasing their hopelessness and, for…
Death Obsession in Kuwaiti and American College Students
Two samples of Kuwaiti (n = 460) and American (n = 273) male and female undergraduates responded to the Death Obsession Scale (DOS) in Arabic and English, respectively. Cronbach's alpha reliability statistics were .96 and .91, respectively, denoting high internal consistency. In the same vein, all the item-remainder correlations in both samples were significant denoting item validity and content validity. A general factor of death obsession was d…
Firearm deaths in the United States and gun availability
Firearm deaths in the United States and gun availability. D LesterCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.11.1642 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Comparison of suicide notes and parasuicide notes
This archival research, a comparison of suicide notes written by individuals who killed themselves and notes—called parasuicide notes—by individuals who attempted suicide, involved two studies. The first study involved a comparison of eight patterns (comprised of individual protocol sentences): unbearable pain, interpersonal relations, rejection-aggression, inability to adjust, indirect expressions, identification-egression, ego, and cognitive co…
Inward and Outward Irritability in the Suicidally Inclined
A questionnaire to measure inward irritability and outward irritability was given to college students. Inward irritability scores correlated .27 with outward irritability scores. Those students who had attempted suicide had high inward irritability scores; those who had threatened suicide had high inward and outward irritability scores. Results supported the proposition that some suicidal people may have higher levels of outwardly directed anger …
Incest∗
The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Toxicity of Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide and Alcohol; With a Method for the Determination of Acetaldehyde in 0.20 Ml. of Blood
The Inhalation of Ethyl Alcohol by Man. I. Industrial Hygiene and Medicolegal Aspects. II. Individuals Treated with Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide
III. The Status of Physiological Knowledge
Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol. The Role of Chemical Tests in Appealed Cases
The Effect of Alcohol on Audiogenic Seizures of Rats
Alcohol Breath Tests and Breath Deodorization by Chlorophyll Derivatives
The Determination of Ethanol in Biological Materials
A Biological Approach to the Etiology of Alcoholism
Endogenous Ethanol
Self-Maintenance of Intoxication in the Rat
The Concentration of Apparent Endogenous Ethanol
The Acetylation of Isoniazid in Alcoholics
Self-Selection of Alcohol by Animals, Human Variation, and the Etiology of Alcoholism; A Critical Review
The experimental results (to mid-1965) in animals and man bearing upon the factors which may be related to the development of addiction and the etiology of alcoholism have been reviewed. A critical assessment has been attempted of the efforts to reveal some of the variables influencing the voluntary selection of alcohol by animals, e.g., age, sex, species, strain, taste, smell, diet, temperature, stress, prior familiarity with alcohol, and so on,…
Checking on the Harlequin
McClelland (1963) described how women possibly view death, not only in terms of concepts of death that have been suggested in past, but also as lover. To support this contention, he mentioned study by Greenberger (1965) who found that dying women gave TAT themes concerning illicit sexuality when asked to compose stories about death more often than women who were not dying. In addition, he mentioned thar female students rated metaphor a gay seduce…
Antecedents of the Fear of the Dead
It was predicted that, if the fear of the dead results from ambivalent feelings which are projected onto the dead person, then societies which favor love-oriented techniques of punishment should manifest a greater fear of the dead than those favoring physical techniques. An analysis of data provided by Whiting and Child supported this prediction
Determinants of Resistance to Extinction after Three Training Trials
Lester (1966) reported a failure to replicate a study by McCain, et al. (1963) in which children given three rewarded trials in succession extinguished sooner than rhose given rewards on Trials 1 and 3 only. The task was one in which Ss had to guess whether a reward was present in a container. Since Lester found a large range of scores (1 to 27 for the first of three successive 'no' responses), determinants of resistance to extinction other than …
A Suggested Approach to the Study of “Animism” in Adults
Determinants of Resistance to Extinction after Three Training Trials
First-grade children were given three training trials on a simple guessing task and then extinguished. The pattern of reward which Ss expected significantly affected their resistance to extinction. The extent to which their expectations were discontinued did not have a significant effect on their resistance to extinction. It is concluded that, in the present situation, the child's resistance to extinction is unaffected by the pattern of reward re…
Inconsistency in the Fear of Death of Individuals
Fear of Death of Suicidal Persons
It was found that suicidal students feared death less than less suicidal students and were more aware of and concerned with the manipulative aspects of death. The importance of this type of information as an aid in the understanding of the psychodynamics of the suicidal person is noted
Effect of Pyrazoles and Other Compounds on Alcohol Metabolism
Effects of Deprivation upon Aggression in Rats
It was predicted that the effects of food deprivation upon spontaneous aggression in rats would be to increase the likelihood of victory. The results indicated, however, that deprivation decreased the chances of winning. The effect of deprivation upon exit latencies from the home cage was to decrease latencies. A tendency was noted for victorious rats to have shorter exit latencies than defeated rats
Note on the Inheritance of Suicide
Response Alternation
Recently, I reviewed work on response alternation in animals (3). The most common situation for examining response alternation is to give an animal one trial in a T-maze with a forced turn in the stem. Dingle, using boxelder bugs and meal worms (I), has found that increasing the distance between the start of the maze and the forced turn increases the amount of response alternation. This effect is not predictable from the nvo major explanations of…
Double-Bind Hypothesis and Failure to Communicate
Psychology (913 works) · Medicine (612 works) · Poison control (536 works) · Medical emergency (522 works) · Suicide prevention (514 works) · Clinical Psychology (444 works) · Clinical Psychology (419 works) · Injury prevention (403 works) · Social Psychology (367 works) · Suicide and Self-Harm Studies (354 works)