T R Balakrishnan
Biographic Data
| ID | 185504 |
|---|---|
| NAME | T R Balakrishnan |
| GIVEN NAMES | T R |
| FAMILY NAME | Balakrishnan |
| SIGNATURE | BALAKRISHNAN T R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Western University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2319-8692 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 42 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 181 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Residential Segregation and Socio-economic Integration of Visible minorities in Canada
Using the 2001 Census of Canada, this paper examines whether spatial residential patterns relate to an ethnic group’s socioeconomic achievement within urban Canada. Most literature suggests that ethnic clustering is primarily a consequence of systematic discrimination or poor socioeconomic resources. Our basic question is whether the relationship between residential segregation and social integration is weakening, thus making the spatial assimila…
Socioeconomic integration and spatial residential patterns of immigrant groups in Canada
The Integration of Visible Minorities in Contemporary Canadian Society
Feng Hou, T. R. Balakrishnan, The Integration of Visible Minorities in Contemporary Canadian Society, The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Summer, 1996), pp. 307-326
Family and Childbearing in Canada
Dissolution of Premarital Cohabitation in Canada
The rapid increase in the number of unmarried cohabiting couples, indicated by recent evidence, is crucial to our understanding of changing marriage patterns. The levels and patterns of entry into cohabitation have been well documented over the last two decades. but little is known about the outcomes of nonmarital cohabitation. In this study we examine two competing outcomes of cohabitation relationships: union separation and legalization of the …
Family and Childbearing in Canada
Family and Childbearing in Canada
popular format. In Stacking the Deck the authors document social class discrimination in Ontario schooling, and present the analysis in a non-academic, easily understood way. This is the sort of book that teachers without any background in sociology or administration could read. However, I wonder if perhaps a little hasn't been lost in the process. The references are not recent, the theorizing is not strong, and the discussion of alternatives pur…
Cohabitation after Marital Disruption in Canada
Using recent Canadian nation data, this study examines the cohabitational experience of 930 women and 650 men after they terminated a first marriage in the context of a marital search model. Our results suggest an increasing trend of postmarital cohabitation for recent cohorts. The hazard rate of postmarital cohabitation varies, depending particularly on time since marital disruption, age Qt marital disruption, and year of marital dissolution. Th…
Home Ownership Patterns and Ethnicity in Selected Canadian Cities
T. R. Balakrishnan, Zheng Wu, Home Ownership Patterns and Ethnicity in Selected Canadian Cities, The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 17, No. 4 (Autumn, 1992), pp. 389-403
Attitudes towards Cohabitation and Marriage in Canada
An analysis of a national sample of Canadian women in the Canadian National Fertility Survey (1984) indicate that attitudes towards cohabitation and marriage are associated with their demographic, socioeconomic and cultural background. Eight attitudinal variables in the survey are used to construct the scales for the attitudes in a confirmatory factor analysis. Women who are in older ages, currently married, living in rural areas, with lower educ…
Is the Burgess concentric zonal theory of spatial differentiation still applicable to urban Canada
L'auteur examine les données par centre de recensement provenant des recensements de 1961,1971 et 1981 dans le but d'étudier, dans les quatorze agglomérations les plus importantes au Canada, la persistance de la répartition de la population en zones concentriques selon la situation socio‐économique et la taille de la famille prédite par la théorie de Burgess. II conclut que même si le caractère des zones n'est plus tout à fait le même que dans le…
Educational attainment, age at first birth and lifetime fertility
Dans cet article, l'auteur réexamine de manière détaillée les rapports entre le niveau d'instruction, lâge à la naissance du premier‐né et la descendance finale des femmes au Canada dans les années 1980, compte tenu des changements en matière d'options socio‐professionnelles pour les femmes qui se sont produits au cours de la dernière génération. Les données employées sont tirées de l'Enquête nationale sur la fécondité au Canada de 1984 et concer…
Changes in timing of fertility—a Canadian experience
This paper examines the patterns of timing of births of women using data from the Canadian Fertility Survey of 1984. Semi-Markovian schemes are applied to the maternity histories of the 5315 sample women in their reproductive ages in order to measure the intensity and timing of childbearing. Age-and-duration-specific transition probabilities are found to have substantially changed for the more recent birth cohorts compared to the older cohorts.
Religiosity, nuptiality and reproduction in Canada
Tandis que l'affiliation religieuse en elle même devient de moins en moins importante dans le mariage et la reproduction au Canada, la religiosityé continue àêtre très significative. Une analyse de données obtenues du Sondage de la fertilityé canadienne (Canadian Fertility Survey) de 1984, dans lequel un échantillonage national de 5,315 femmes dâge reproductif fût interviewées, démontrent que la religiosityé, tel que mesurée par la régularité de …
Timing of first birth and second birth spacing in Canada
In Canadian society the influence of first birth timing on the subsequent birth interval has been eroded over time, as shown by the Canadian Fertility Survey of 1984. The influence of first birth timing is significant for second births among women married during the baby boom period, but not for those married thereafter. Religiosity, marital status, and place of residence are significant factors in second birth timing in Canada.
Life Course Alternatives
Carl F. Grindstaff, T. R. Balakrishnan, Paul S. Maxim, Life Course Alternatives: Factors Associated with Differential Timing Patterns in Fertility among Women Recently Completing Childbearing, Canada 1981, The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Autumn, 1989), pp. 443-460
Age at first birth and lifetime fertility
Among a national sample of Canadian women in the Canadian National Fertility Survey of 1984, the excess cumulative fertility of those who started their families early over others has steadily decreased. A difference of approximately two births between early and late starters among older women is reduced to approximately half a child among the younger women. Except for those who start childbearing after age 25, there is little evidence of attempts…
Status Enhancement and Fertility
Canada's Aging Population
The Dictionary of Demography
This is a dictionary of concepts theories techniques and technical terms relating to all aspects of demography. It is based on Roland Pressats original French-language dictionary but has been extensively revised and adapted by Christopher Wilson. A substantial number of new entries from some 30 international contributors are included. The entries range from short notes to extended discussions according to the importance of the topic concerned. Te…
Intermetropolitan Migration in Canada
A Hazard Model Analysis of the Covariates of Marriage Dissolution in Canada
An examination of the marriage histories in the Canadian Fertility Survey confirm the fact that marriage dissolutions have been increasing rapidly in recent years. Cohort analyses by age and by year of marriage enable 1 to see that this is not just a timing effect and that the probabilities of dissolution in the 1st 10 years of marriage have indeed gone up especially among the young and the more recently married cohorts. Canadian rates are somewh…
Teachman Jay, Bogue Donald J., Londono Juan and Hogan Dennis, the Impact of Family Planning Programs on Fertility Rates
Beliefs and Fertility in Bangladesh
Changing patterns of ethnic residential segregation in the metropolitan areas of Canada
Dissolution of Premarital Cohabitation in Canada
The rapid increase in the number of unmarried cohabiting couples, indicated by recent evidence, is crucial to our understanding of changing marriage patterns. The levels and patterns of entry into cohabitation have been well documented over the last two decades. but little is known about the outcomes of nonmarital cohabitation. In this study we examine two competing outcomes of cohabitation relationships: union separation and legalization of the …
A Hazard Model Analysis of the Covariates of Marriage Dissolution in Canada
An examination of the marriage histories in the Canadian Fertility Survey confirm the fact that marriage dissolutions have been increasing rapidly in recent years. Cohort analyses by age and by year of marriage enable 1 to see that this is not just a timing effect and that the probabilities of dissolution in the 1st 10 years of marriage have indeed gone up especially among the young and the more recently married cohorts. Canadian rates are somewh…
The Integration of Visible Minorities in Contemporary Canadian Society
Feng Hou, T. R. Balakrishnan, The Integration of Visible Minorities in Contemporary Canadian Society, The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Summer, 1996), pp. 307-326
Home Ownership Patterns and Ethnicity in Selected Canadian Cities
T. R. Balakrishnan, Zheng Wu, Home Ownership Patterns and Ethnicity in Selected Canadian Cities, The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 17, No. 4 (Autumn, 1992), pp. 389-403
Socioeconomic integration and spatial residential patterns of immigrant groups in Canada
Cohabitation after Marital Disruption in Canada
Using recent Canadian nation data, this study examines the cohabitational experience of 930 women and 650 men after they terminated a first marriage in the context of a marital search model. Our results suggest an increasing trend of postmarital cohabitation for recent cohorts. The hazard rate of postmarital cohabitation varies, depending particularly on time since marital disruption, age Qt marital disruption, and year of marital dissolution. Th…
Changing patterns of ethnic residential segregation in the metropolitan areas of Canada
Religiosity, nuptiality and reproduction in Canada
Tandis que l'affiliation religieuse en elle même devient de moins en moins importante dans le mariage et la reproduction au Canada, la religiosityé continue àêtre très significative. Une analyse de données obtenues du Sondage de la fertilityé canadienne (Canadian Fertility Survey) de 1984, dans lequel un échantillonage national de 5,315 femmes dâge reproductif fût interviewées, démontrent que la religiosityé, tel que mesurée par la régularité de …
Attitudes toward abortion of married women in metropolitan Toronto
Ethnic Residential Segregation in the Metropolitan Areas of Canada
Educational attainment, age at first birth and lifetime fertility
Dans cet article, l'auteur réexamine de manière détaillée les rapports entre le niveau d'instruction, lâge à la naissance du premier‐né et la descendance finale des femmes au Canada dans les années 1980, compte tenu des changements en matière d'options socio‐professionnelles pour les femmes qui se sont produits au cours de la dernière génération. Les données employées sont tirées de l'Enquête nationale sur la fécondité au Canada de 1984 et concer…
The Dictionary of Demography
This is a dictionary of concepts theories techniques and technical terms relating to all aspects of demography. It is based on Roland Pressats original French-language dictionary but has been extensively revised and adapted by Christopher Wilson. A substantial number of new entries from some 30 international contributors are included. The entries range from short notes to extended discussions according to the importance of the topic concerned. Te…
Changing Patterns of Spatial Differentiation in Urban Canada, 1961–1971
Les configurations de la différenciation spatiale en 1971 sont examinées à partir des données par secteurs de recensement et on trouve qu'elles sont assez proches de celles de 1961. Le niveau socioéconomique a varié principalement par secteur, la situation familiale a varié par zone, et le statut ethnique n'a varié ni par l'un ni par l'autre d'une manière marquante. Bien que les changements décennaux soient petits, nos résultats sont en oppositio…
Effects of child mortality on subsequent fertility of women in some rural and semi-urban areas of certain Latin American countries
With the rapid decline in child mortality in developing countries there is considerable interest in understanding its effects on fertility. According to the theory of demographic transition, mortality declines are accompanied by fertility declines after a time lag, as countries go through the process of economic development. However, the immediate effects of a mortality decline on fertility have not been uniform as in many countries fertility has…
Determinants of Female Age at Marriage in Rural and Semi-Urban Areas of Four Latin American Countries
Interview data from approximately 7500 women residing in Mexico Costa Rica Colombia and Peru was used to test the hypothesis that women with higher exposure to urban environments and with higher educational levels tend to have later actual and ideal marriage ages than women with less urban exposure and lower educational levels. The data was previously collected in surveys sponsored by the United Nations Latin American Demographic Center. In the a…
A cost benefit analysis of the barbados family planning programme
Of the Caribbean islands, Barbados has the lowest fertility level. The crude birth rate in 1970 was only 20·5 per 1,000, which is one of the lowest found in any country of similar economic development anywhere in the world. In 1960 the crude birth rate was much higher, at about 33·6 and for almost 40 years before that had fluctuated around a value of 33. Thus, a decline of about 40% has been achieved within the comparatively short period of a dec…
Is the Burgess concentric zonal theory of spatial differentiation still applicable to urban Canada
L'auteur examine les données par centre de recensement provenant des recensements de 1961,1971 et 1981 dans le but d'étudier, dans les quatorze agglomérations les plus importantes au Canada, la persistance de la répartition de la population en zones concentriques selon la situation socio‐économique et la taille de la famille prédite par la théorie de Burgess. II conclut que même si le caractère des zones n'est plus tout à fait le même que dans le…
Socio-Demographic Correlates of Childlessness
"The purpose of this paper is to examine childless women and the different socio-demographic characteristics associated with this demographic pattern. The study focuses on the proportion of ever-married and currently married women 15 years of age and over who were childless in 1971. The data source is the 1971 Canadian census 1 percent sample tape based on individual files, which yields a total sample of 46,376 women from all across Canada. The m…
Probability of conception, conception delay, and estimates of fecundability in rural and semiurban areas of certain Latin American countries
From data collected in national fertility surveys in rural and semiurban areas of Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Peru, this paper analyzes for all noncontracepting women in sexual unions the probability of conceiving and conception delay by duration from the date of entry into unions. The similarity of the proportions conceiving and of estimates of fecundability among the four countries suggests the importance of biological factors. Though ove…
Attitudes towards Cohabitation and Marriage in Canada
An analysis of a national sample of Canadian women in the Canadian National Fertility Survey (1984) indicate that attitudes towards cohabitation and marriage are associated with their demographic, socioeconomic and cultural background. Eight attitudinal variables in the survey are used to construct the scales for the attitudes in a confirmatory factor analysis. Women who are in older ages, currently married, living in rural areas, with lower educ…
Life Course Alternatives
Carl F. Grindstaff, T. R. Balakrishnan, Paul S. Maxim, Life Course Alternatives: Factors Associated with Differential Timing Patterns in Fertility among Women Recently Completing Childbearing, Canada 1981, The Canadian Journal of Sociology / Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Autumn, 1989), pp. 443-460
Canada's Aging Population
Socioeconomic differentiation in Urbdn Canada
India
Some of the findings of a study to measure the overall effectiveness of an intensive publicity program for family planning in the Hooghly District in West Bengal India are presented. The main emphasis of the program was on the introduction of IUDs but included other conventional methods as well. The media used included cinema slides at movie houses film projections through audiovisual units speeches at group gathering radio broadcasts by prominen…
Time series of growth in use of oral contraception and the differential diffusion of oral anovulents
Differential growth in the use of oral anovulents is explored through construction of separate time series for Canadian women classified by religion, education, and nativity. The series suggest that native-born Roman Catholic women are as likely as native-born Protestant women to be using oral contraceptives by the terminal point of our series in 1967. The period of very rapid growth in the use of orals appears to have come to an end. Differentia…
Analysis of oral contraceptive use through multiple decrement life table techniques
Multiple decrement life table technique is used to analyze the oral contraceptive use in a sample of once married women in Metropolitan Toronto. The overall pattern in the Canadian data is found to be essentially similar to that found in the U. S. Continuation rates show differences by cause of decrement. Two types of rates, net and absolute, are presented, and the relationship between single decrement continuation rates and total continuation ra…
The end of rapid increase in the use of oral anovulants? Some problems in the interpretation of time series of oral use among married women
Several problems in the interpretation of time series of oral anovulant usage are discussed, among them the shifting marriage-duration distribution over time. Standardization fails to negate the conclusion that the rate of increase in the proportion of women using orals has slackened since January 1966. Separate analyses by duration-specific rates of use and by marriage cohorts show that the two factors sustaining the initial spectacular growth r…
General Theory of Population
Attitudes toward abortion of married women in metropolitan Toronto
A cost benefit analysis of the barbados family planning programme
Of the Caribbean islands, Barbados has the lowest fertility level. The crude birth rate in 1970 was only 20·5 per 1,000, which is one of the lowest found in any country of similar economic development anywhere in the world. In 1960 the crude birth rate was much higher, at about 33·6 and for almost 40 years before that had fluctuated around a value of 33. Thus, a decline of about 40% has been achieved within the comparatively short period of a dec…
The Future of Population Growth
Marriage Reduction and Fertility , by David Yaukey
"Marriage Reduction and Fertility, by David Yaukey." Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 6(1), pp. 111–112
Socioeconomic differentiation in Urbdn Canada
Determinants of Female Age at Marriage in Rural and Semi-Urban Areas of Four Latin American Countries
Interview data from approximately 7500 women residing in Mexico Costa Rica Colombia and Peru was used to test the hypothesis that women with higher exposure to urban environments and with higher educational levels tend to have later actual and ideal marriage ages than women with less urban exposure and lower educational levels. The data was previously collected in surveys sponsored by the United Nations Latin American Demographic Center. In the a…
Ethnic Residential Segregation in the Metropolitan Areas of Canada
Effects of child mortality on subsequent fertility of women in some rural and semi-urban areas of certain Latin American countries
With the rapid decline in child mortality in developing countries there is considerable interest in understanding its effects on fertility. According to the theory of demographic transition, mortality declines are accompanied by fertility declines after a time lag, as countries go through the process of economic development. However, the immediate effects of a mortality decline on fertility have not been uniform as in many countries fertility has…
Changing Patterns of Spatial Differentiation in Urban Canada, 1961–1971
Les configurations de la différenciation spatiale en 1971 sont examinées à partir des données par secteurs de recensement et on trouve qu'elles sont assez proches de celles de 1961. Le niveau socioéconomique a varié principalement par secteur, la situation familiale a varié par zone, et le statut ethnique n'a varié ni par l'un ni par l'autre d'une manière marquante. Bien que les changements décennaux soient petits, nos résultats sont en oppositio…
Probability of conception, conception delay, and estimates of fecundability in rural and semiurban areas of certain Latin American countries
From data collected in national fertility surveys in rural and semiurban areas of Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Peru, this paper analyzes for all noncontracepting women in sexual unions the probability of conceiving and conception delay by duration from the date of entry into unions. The similarity of the proportions conceiving and of estimates of fecundability among the four countries suggests the importance of biological factors. Though ove…
Socio-Demographic Correlates of Childlessness
"The purpose of this paper is to examine childless women and the different socio-demographic characteristics associated with this demographic pattern. The study focuses on the proportion of ever-married and currently married women 15 years of age and over who were childless in 1971. The data source is the 1971 Canadian census 1 percent sample tape based on individual files, which yields a total sample of 46,376 women from all across Canada. The m…
Changing patterns of ethnic residential segregation in the metropolitan areas of Canada
Continuation of Injectable Contraceptives in Thailand
Teachman Jay, Bogue Donald J., Londono Juan and Hogan Dennis, the Impact of Family Planning Programs on Fertility Rates
Beliefs and Fertility in Bangladesh
Canada's Aging Population
The Dictionary of Demography
This is a dictionary of concepts theories techniques and technical terms relating to all aspects of demography. It is based on Roland Pressats original French-language dictionary but has been extensively revised and adapted by Christopher Wilson. A substantial number of new entries from some 30 international contributors are included. The entries range from short notes to extended discussions according to the importance of the topic concerned. Te…
Intermetropolitan Migration in Canada
A Hazard Model Analysis of the Covariates of Marriage Dissolution in Canada
An examination of the marriage histories in the Canadian Fertility Survey confirm the fact that marriage dissolutions have been increasing rapidly in recent years. Cohort analyses by age and by year of marriage enable 1 to see that this is not just a timing effect and that the probabilities of dissolution in the 1st 10 years of marriage have indeed gone up especially among the young and the more recently married cohorts. Canadian rates are somewh…
Age at first birth and lifetime fertility
Among a national sample of Canadian women in the Canadian National Fertility Survey of 1984, the excess cumulative fertility of those who started their families early over others has steadily decreased. A difference of approximately two births between early and late starters among older women is reduced to approximately half a child among the younger women. Except for those who start childbearing after age 25, there is little evidence of attempts…
Sociology (39 works) · Demography (32 works) · Population (27 works) · Geography (20 works) · Economics (19 works) · Demography (18 works) · Fertility (17 works) · Political science (15 works) · Demographic economics (13 works) · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences (12 works)