Laura E Caulfield
Biographic Data
| ID | 200459 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Laura E Caulfield |
| GIVEN NAMES | Laura E |
| FAMILY NAME | Caulfield |
| SIGNATURE | CAULFIELD L E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7152-1004 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 44 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 70 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 44 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
What nourishes us
Objective: To examine the Indigenous Nourishment Scales (INS), a set of community-developed strengths-based measures of nourishment, for psychometric validity and reliability through community-based research with two urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. Design: Cross-sectional survey of health measures and INS. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis and regression were used to determine…
Short‐term dynamics of linear growth among Peruvian infants in the first year of life in a population with linear growth faltering
OBJECTIVES: Infant growth is recognized to vary over the short term, with periods of greater and lesser linear growth velocity. Our objectives were to (1) examine the potential differences in overall growth profiles between children who experienced cumulative growth faltering in the first year of life consistent with that seen by many children living in poverty in low- and middle-income countries, versus children without growth faltering and (2) …
Community-Engaged Development of Strengths-Based Nutrition Measures
Mainstream approaches to nutrition typically focus on diet consumption, overlooking multi-dimensional aspects of nutrition that are important to American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. To address health challenges faced by AI/AN communities, strengths-based measures of nutrition grounded in community worldviews are needed. In collaboration with AI/AN communities in Baltimore and Minneapolis, we developed the Indigenous Nourishment Scal…
Reduced red and processed meat consumption is associated with lower diet costs in US households
Objective: To examine the association between red and processed meat consumption and total food expenditures in US households and explore whether households could reduce food costs by substituting these meats with other protein sources such as poultry, seafood, eggs and plant proteins. Design: Cross-sectional study using data from the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS). Using adult male equivalents (AME) for standar…
Evolution of infant feeding practices in children from 9 to 24 months, considering complementary feeding indicators and food processing
Infant feeding practices impact children's nutritional and health status, influencing growth and development. This study aimed to analyse the evolution of infant feeding practices from 9 to 24 months of age, considering infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators and food processing. The infant feeding practices in children from the Brazilian site of the MAL-ED study were evaluated at 9 (n = 193), 15 (n = 182) and 24 months (n = 164) using 2…
Promising trends and influencing factors of complementary feeding practices in Côte d'Ivoire
Poor complementary feeding (CF) challenges early childhood growth. We examined the trends and influencing factors of CF practices among children aged 6-23 months in Côte d'Ivoire. Using data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS, 1994-2011) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS, 2000-2016), the trends and predictors of World Health Organization-United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund CF indicators including the timely int…
Baby Friendly Hospital Designation and Breastfeeding Outcomes Among Maryland WIC Participants
A multi-level, multi-component obesity intervention (Obesity Prevention and Evaluation of InterVention Effectiveness in NaTive North Americans) decreases soda intake in Native American adults
Objective: To evaluate the impact of a multi-level, multi-component (MLMC) adult obesity intervention on beverage intake in Native American adults living in five geographically and culturally diverse tribal communities. Design: A 14-month, community-randomised, MLMC design was utilised, with three communities randomised to Intervention and two communities randomised to Comparison. FFQ were administered pre- and post-interventions, and difference-…
The burdens of participation
Development programs often rely on women’s participation. However, there is little evidence of whether development programs that engage women’s unpaid labor – particularly in care work – add to their time burdens. We tested this hypothesis on a nutrition-sensitive agriculture program delivered through community-based preschools in Malawi. The mixed-methods study was conducted over one year using data from 1,168 female caregivers from a cluster-ra…
Perceived insufficient milk among primiparous, fully breastfeeding women
Breastfeeding mothers often report perceived insufficient milk (PIM) believing their infant is crying too much, which leads to introducing formula and the early abandonment of breastfeeding. We sought to determine if infant crying was associated with reported PIM (yes/no) and number of problems associated with lactation (lactation problem score [LPS] 6-point Likert scale) before formula introduction. Primiparous breastfeeding mothers were recruit…
Characteristics associated with the transition to partial breastfeeding prior to 6 months of age
The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life. However, the transition of the infants' diet to partial breastfeeding with the addition of animal milks and/or solids typically occurs earlier than this. Here, we explored factors associated with the timing of an early transition to partial breastfeeding across seven sites of a birth cohort study in which twice weekly information on infant feeding practices was collected. …
Influences on catch-up growth using relative versus absolute metrics
The study children demonstrated improved growth from 24 to 60 months of age, but only a subset had positive changes in HAD and WAD. The same environmental factors were associated with growth from 24 to 60 months regardless of metric used (change in HAZ or HAD, or WAZ and WAD)
Micronutrient intake and the probability of nutrient adequacy among children 9–24 months of age
Objective: To estimate the total energy and micronutrient intakes of children 9–24 months of age and evaluate the probability of adequacy (PA) of the diet in seven MAL-ED sites. Design: Cohort study. Food intake was registered monthly using 24-h recalls beginning at 9 months. We estimated PA for thirteen nutrients and overall mean PA (MPA) by site and 3-month periods considering estimated breast milk intake. Setting: Seven sites in Asia, Africa a…
La Niña weather impacts dietary patterns and dietary diversity among children in the Peruvian Amazon
Objective: In 2011–2012, severe El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions (La Niña) led to massive flooding and temporarily displacement in the Peruvian Amazon. Our aims were to examine the impact of this ENSO exposure on child diets, in particular: (1) frequency of food consumption patterns, (2) the amount of food consumed (g/d), (3) dietary diversity (DD), (4) consumption of donated foods, among children aged 9–36 months living in the outs…
Toddler obesity prevention
Rapid weight gain increases risks of obesity and associated co-morbidities. The objective was to reduce the rate of body mass index (BMI) growth (BMI z score), relative to control. Secondary outcomes were toddler-mother physical activity, mealtime interactions and fruit/vegetable intake. The randomized three-arm, eight-session, 4-month trial, conducted 2009-2013, included two intervention arms (responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle) and an …
Mental health symptoms and their relations with dietary diversity and nutritional status among mothers of young children in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
More severe maternal mental health symptoms were associated with higher dietary diversity but not nutritional status, and the reasons for these findings are not clear from available data. More research is needed to identify underlying factors that could influence mental health symptomatology and diet quality among food insecure and extremely resource-limited populations
Maternal mental health symptoms are positively associated with child dietary diversity and meal frequency but not nutritional status in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Objective: The objective was to examine the association between symptoms of maternal mental health problems and child diet and nutritional status in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Design: Maternal depression and anxiety symptoms were measured by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), and post-traumatic stress was measured by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Participants were classified as having high psychological distress …
The doctor said formula would help me
Weight estimation among multi-racial/ethnic infants and children aged 0–5·9 years in the USA
Objective In resource-constrained facilities or during resuscitation, immediate paediatric weight estimation remains a fundamental challenge. We aimed to develop and validate weight estimation models based on ulna length and forearm width and circumference measured by simple and portable tools; and to compare them against previous methods (advanced paediatric life support (APLS), Theron and Traub–Johnson formulas). Design Cross-sectional analysis…
Trends in types of protein in US adults
Objective To delineate trends in types of protein in US adults from 1999 to 2010, we examined the mean intake of beef, pork, lamb or goat, chicken, turkey, fish, dairy, eggs, legumes, and nuts and seeds (grams per kilogram of body weight) among adults and according to subgroups, including chronic disease status. Design Six cycles of the repeated cross-sectional surveys. Setting National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2010. Partic…
Social connectedness is associated with food security among peri-urban Peruvian Amazonian communities
Although households reported networks that spanned rural villages and urban centers, contacts within the community, with whom food was regularly shared, were most important to maintaining food security. Interventions that build within-community connectedness in peri-urban settings may increase food security
Associations of land, cattle and food security with infant feeding practices among a rural population living in Manyara, Tanzania
Health promotion programs are needed to delay the introduction of animal milks and grain-based porridge, and to achieve a minimum acceptable diet after 6 months of age among smallholder farmers in rural Tanzania. Results highlight that livelihoods-based health promotion interventions, built from a flexible and integrated design, may be an important strategy to address community-level variation in infant feeding practices and promote optimal IYCF …
How multiple episodes of exclusive breastfeeding impact estimates of exclusive breastfeeding duration
The duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is often defined as the time from birth to the first non‐breast milk food/liquid fed (EBFLONG), or it is estimated by calculating the proportion of women at a given infant age who EBF in the previous 24 h (EBFDHS). Others have measured the total days or personal prevalence of EBF (EBFPREV), recognizing that although non‐EBF days may occur, EBF can be re‐initiated for extended periods. We compared brea…
Maternal mental health symptoms are positively related to emotional and restrained eating attitudes in a statewide sample of mothers participating in a supplemental nutrition program for women, infant…
Postpartum, low-income mothers are at risk for mental health symptoms and obesity, and disordered eating attitudes may be associated with both mental health and obesity in this vulnerable population. The study objective is to determine whether higher levels of mental health symptoms are associated with increased odds of emotional and restrained eating attitudes in this sample of Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Childr…
Toddler physical activity study
Ankle accelerometry is a valid, reliable, and feasible method of assessing PA in community studies of toddlers from low-income families. Sub-populations of toddlers may be at increased risk for inactivity, including toddlers that are younger, female, Black, those with less active mothers, and those living in an urban location
Neighbourhood differences in diet
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether neighbourhood characteristics are related to dietary patterns independently of individual level variables. DESIGN: A cross sectional analysis of the relation between neighbourhood median household income and food and nutrient intakes, before and after adjustment for individual level variables. SETTING: Four United States communities (Washington Co, MD; Suburban Minneapolis, MN; Forsyth Co, NC, and Jackson, …
Variation in early neonatal mortality for different types of fetal growth retardation
Birth and first‐48‐hr death records were analyzed for 10,024 liveborn infants in Mexico City and 12,786 liveborn infants in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The objective of the analysis was to characterize the early postnatal mortality rates for different types of fetal growth retardation and prematurity. Infants who were delivered prior to 37 weeks of gestation had 23–100 times the mortality risk of infants born at full term and normal weight. Light‐for‐ge…
The doctor said formula would help me
Mixed Method Approaches to Understanding Cancer-Related Dietary Risk Reduction among Public Housing Residents
Implications of the Institute of Medicine weight gain recommendations for preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes in black and white women
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relation between gestational weight gain and risk of delivering a small-for-gestational-age or large-for-gestational-age infant by race, along with the implications of gaining weight according to the Institute of Medicine guidelines. METHODS: Logistic regression methods were used to identify risk factors for small- and large-for-gestational-age births among 2617 Black and 1253 White women delivering at the John…
The burdens of participation
Development programs often rely on women’s participation. However, there is little evidence of whether development programs that engage women’s unpaid labor – particularly in care work – add to their time burdens. We tested this hypothesis on a nutrition-sensitive agriculture program delivered through community-based preschools in Malawi. The mixed-methods study was conducted over one year using data from 1,168 female caregivers from a cluster-ra…
Fetal Neurobehavioral Development
Longitudinal neurobehavioral development was examined in 237 fetuses of low-risk pregnancies from 2 distinct populations--Baltimore, Maryland, and Lima. Peru--at 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 38 weeks gestation. Data were based on digitized Doppler-based fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal movement (FM). In both groups. FHR declined while variability, episodic accelerations, and FM-FHR coupling increased, with discontinuities evident between 28 and 32 wee…
Variation in early neonatal mortality for different types of fetal growth retardation
Birth and first‐48‐hr death records were analyzed for 10,024 liveborn infants in Mexico City and 12,786 liveborn infants in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The objective of the analysis was to characterize the early postnatal mortality rates for different types of fetal growth retardation and prematurity. Infants who were delivered prior to 37 weeks of gestation had 23–100 times the mortality risk of infants born at full term and normal weight. Light‐for‐ge…
Implications of the Institute of Medicine weight gain recommendations for preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes in black and white women
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relation between gestational weight gain and risk of delivering a small-for-gestational-age or large-for-gestational-age infant by race, along with the implications of gaining weight according to the Institute of Medicine guidelines. METHODS: Logistic regression methods were used to identify risk factors for small- and large-for-gestational-age births among 2617 Black and 1253 White women delivering at the John…
Neighbourhood differences in diet
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether neighbourhood characteristics are related to dietary patterns independently of individual level variables. DESIGN: A cross sectional analysis of the relation between neighbourhood median household income and food and nutrient intakes, before and after adjustment for individual level variables. SETTING: Four United States communities (Washington Co, MD; Suburban Minneapolis, MN; Forsyth Co, NC, and Jackson, …
Exclusive Breastfeeding Reduces Acute Respiratory Infection and Diarrhea Deaths Among Infants in Dhaka Slums
OBJECTIVES: To describe breastfeeding practices and investigate the influence of exclusive breastfeeding in early infancy on the risk of infant deaths, especially those attributable to respiratory infections (ARI) and diarrhea. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted on a birth cohort of 1677 infants who were born in slum areas of Dhaka in Bangladesh and followed from birth to 12 months of age. After enrollment at birth, the infa…
Undernutrition as an underlying cause of child deaths associated with diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and measles
Fetal Neurobehavioral Development
Longitudinal neurobehavioral development was examined in 237 fetuses of low-risk pregnancies from 2 distinct populations--Baltimore, Maryland, and Lima. Peru--at 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 38 weeks gestation. Data were based on digitized Doppler-based fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal movement (FM). In both groups. FHR declined while variability, episodic accelerations, and FM-FHR coupling increased, with discontinuities evident between 28 and 32 wee…
Effectiveness of an educational intervention delivered through the health services to improve nutrition in young children
Maternal and child undernutrition
Carotenoids and the risk of developing lung cancer
Mixed Method Approaches to Understanding Cancer-Related Dietary Risk Reduction among Public Housing Residents
Effectiveness of an educational intervention on complementary feeding practices and growth in rural China
Objective Inappropriate complementary feeding is one of the major causes of malnutrition in young children in developing countries. We developed an educational intervention, delivered by local health-care providers, aimed at improving complementary feeding practices and child nutrition. Design Eight townships in Laishui, a rural area in China, were randomly assigned to the educational intervention or control group. A total of 599 healthy infants …
Patterns of compliance with prenatal iron supplementation among Peruvian women
Prenatal iron supplementation is recommended to control anaemia during pregnancy. Low compliance and side effects have been claimed as the main obstacles for adequate impact of the supplementation. As part of a double-blind supplementation study carried out in a hospital located in a shantytown in Lima, Peru, we monitored compliance throughout pregnancy and evaluated factors associated with variation in compliance over time. Overall, 985 pregnant…
Maternal mental health and infant dietary patterns in a statewide sample of M aryland WIC participants
The study's objective was to examine the relation between maternal mental health and infant dietary intake. A cross-sectional, population-based telephone survey was employed within a statewide sample of Maryland Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children participants. A 24-h diet recall was performed using the United States Department of Agriculture Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Analyses presented were based on 689 m…
Early growth velocities and weight gain plasticity improve linear growth in P eruvian infants
Growth velocity patterns have the potential to signal unhealthy responses to environmental insults with long-term consequences. We aimed to investigate velocities in Peruvian infants (n = 259) in relation to attained anthropometric outcomes at 12 months and to identify determinants of velocities during critical periods of infancy. From 1995 to 1997, a randomised controlled trial of maternal zinc supplementation was conducted in a peri-urban slum …
The effect of multiple anthropometric deficits on child mortality
Associations of Suboptimal Growth with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Children under Five Years
BACKGROUND: Child undernutrition affects millions of children globally. We investigated associations between suboptimal growth and mortality by pooling large studies. METHODS: Pooled analysis involving children 1 week to 59 months old in 10 prospective studies in Africa, Asia and South America. Utilizing most recent measurements, we calculated weight-for-age, height/length-for-age and weight-for-height/length Z scores, applying 2006 WHO Standards…
Dietary intakes of women during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries
Objective To provide a better understanding of dietary intakes of pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries. Design Systematic review was performed to identify relevant studies which reported nutrient intakes or food consumption of pregnant women in developing countries. Macronutrient and micronutrient intakes were compared by region and the FAO/WHO Estimated Average Requirements. Food consumption was summarized by region. Setting Develo…
Exploring Important Influences on the Healthfulness of Prostate Cancer Survivors' Diets
A cancer diagnosis is often conceptualized as a teachable moment when individuals might be motivated to make lifestyle changes. Many prostate cancer survivors, however, do not adhere to dietary guidelines. In this article, we explore how cancer affected prostate cancer survivors' diets and identify important influences on diet. Twenty prostate cancer survivors completed three 24-hour dietary recalls and an in-depth dietary interview. We analyzed …
How multiple episodes of exclusive breastfeeding impact estimates of exclusive breastfeeding duration
The duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is often defined as the time from birth to the first non‐breast milk food/liquid fed (EBFLONG), or it is estimated by calculating the proportion of women at a given infant age who EBF in the previous 24 h (EBFDHS). Others have measured the total days or personal prevalence of EBF (EBFPREV), recognizing that although non‐EBF days may occur, EBF can be re‐initiated for extended periods. We compared brea…
Maternal mental health symptoms are positively related to emotional and restrained eating attitudes in a statewide sample of mothers participating in a supplemental nutrition program for women, infant…
Postpartum, low-income mothers are at risk for mental health symptoms and obesity, and disordered eating attitudes may be associated with both mental health and obesity in this vulnerable population. The study objective is to determine whether higher levels of mental health symptoms are associated with increased odds of emotional and restrained eating attitudes in this sample of Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Childr…
Toddler physical activity study
Ankle accelerometry is a valid, reliable, and feasible method of assessing PA in community studies of toddlers from low-income families. Sub-populations of toddlers may be at increased risk for inactivity, including toddlers that are younger, female, Black, those with less active mothers, and those living in an urban location
Rapid infant weight gain and early childhood obesity in low-income Latinos and non-Latinos
Objective To examine the growth of infants and toddlers in a population that is both under-represented in the literature and at high risk for childhood obesity. Design Weight and height measurements were extracted from all visits for a sample of 0–4-year-old, low-income, Latino and non-Latino patients of an urban, academic general paediatric practice. Early growth was characterized as change in weight-for-length Z -score (WLZ) from birth to 3 yea…
Social connectedness is associated with food security among peri-urban Peruvian Amazonian communities
Although households reported networks that spanned rural villages and urban centers, contacts within the community, with whom food was regularly shared, were most important to maintaining food security. Interventions that build within-community connectedness in peri-urban settings may increase food security
Associations of land, cattle and food security with infant feeding practices among a rural population living in Manyara, Tanzania
Health promotion programs are needed to delay the introduction of animal milks and grain-based porridge, and to achieve a minimum acceptable diet after 6 months of age among smallholder farmers in rural Tanzania. Results highlight that livelihoods-based health promotion interventions, built from a flexible and integrated design, may be an important strategy to address community-level variation in infant feeding practices and promote optimal IYCF …
Weight estimation among multi-racial/ethnic infants and children aged 0–5·9 years in the USA
Objective In resource-constrained facilities or during resuscitation, immediate paediatric weight estimation remains a fundamental challenge. We aimed to develop and validate weight estimation models based on ulna length and forearm width and circumference measured by simple and portable tools; and to compare them against previous methods (advanced paediatric life support (APLS), Theron and Traub–Johnson formulas). Design Cross-sectional analysis…
Medicine (38 works) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (22 works) · Environmental health (22 works) · Internal Medicine (19 works) · Demography (17 works) · Pediatrics (15 works) · Population (14 works) · Demography (13 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (13 works) · Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues (11 works)