Ian T Adams
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 2402082 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ian T Adams |
| PRENOMES | Ian T |
| SOBRENOME | Adams |
| ASSINATURA | ADAMS I T |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Utah |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5595-8070 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 27 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 97 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 27 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2017 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Avertogenic deaths
Each year, roughly 1,100 people are fatally shot by U.S. police, and nearly as many are shot and survive. Research on these shootings typically begins and ends at the encounter—suspect behavior, officer perception, situational features. We propose an earlier starting point. Avertogenic police killings are downstream lethal encounters enabled by upstream court decisions about sentencing, diversion, and release. The framework treats police shooting…
Tough Shift
Through Thick and Thin
This study compared traditional (human-coded) qualitative analysis and (machine-coded) natural language processing (NLP) techniques on the same open-ended survey responses from police officers. Both strategies uncovered similar broad themes, but the traditional approach revealed more depth and nuance, including an additional category of themes. Therefore, NLP-basedapproaches cannot currently replace traditional qualitative analysis when depth and…
Why innovations in policing don’t work or don’t translate
This study examined organizational and community-level barriers and facilitators that influence innovation in policing using an implementation science framework. A body of 31 survey items operationalized for implementation in police settings were mapped onto the constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The resulting instrument was administered to 72 police leaders and researchers. Respondents agreed implementation bor…
Emotional Intelligence, Policing, and the Military Veteran Influence
American policing is in the midst of a staffing crisis characterized by high rates of attrition fueled by job dissatisfaction and burnout. Organizations have responded in kind by recruiting individuals whose background characteristics could serve as an asset for police work, including those with higher levels of emotional intelligence (EI), a known predictor of a range of positive occupational outcomes. In the current study, we examine the sociod…
Recalibrating the risk of false confession wrongful convictions
False confession wrongful convictions (FCWCs) are a serious failure of the criminal justice system. Although scholars have identified interrogation tactics thought to elevate this risk, existing research rarely estimates the population-level probability that legally permissible methods will produce an FCWC. Instead, inference relies on outcome-selected case series and laboratory diagnosticity ratios that ignore base rates and the far larger unive…
Experimentally falsifying ghost criminology
Ghost criminology contends that places scarred by crime and atrocity retain a residue that indelibly marks the site. Are these putative “stains” contained within physical settings, or simply the result of telling ghost stories? I employ a preregistered 2 × 2 field experiment crossing two architecturally matched university buildings: one documented as a Civil War era locale built with enslaved labor and used for mass amputations and temporary corp…
Emerging tools and technologies and the future of policing Research
The criminal justice system is experiencing growth in the use of artificial intelligence, sometimes referred to as ‘intelligent machines,’ that are capable of independent perception and response to an environment, as well as possessing the capability of independently performing tasks that ordinarily would be performed by human intelligence and decision-making processes. The inclusion of such technology is currently seen in the field of policing i…
Improving police behavior through artificial intelligence
Police body‐worn cameras (BWCs) generate extensive video data on officer behavior, yet resource constraints mean that only a fraction of this footage is ever reviewed. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present an opportunity to automate these reviews, potentially influencing police conduct. We evaluate the impact of AI‐led auditing in two pre‐registered, randomized controlled trials conducted within two large US police agencies.…
Automation and artificial intelligence in police body-worn cameras
Speaking of reform
Research summary This study investigates how information about public opinion and peer practices influences police executives' views on civilian review boards. We applied structural topic modeling in an experimental paradigm, a novel approach diverging from traditional experimental survey methods, to the open‐ended responses of 1331 police executives collected in an original survey experiment. This technique enables the capture of subtle shifts i…
Police reform from the top down
The accountability of police to the public is imperative for a functioning democracy. The opinions of police executives—pivotal actors for implementing oversight policies—are an understudied, critical component of successful reform efforts. We use a pre‐registered survey experiment administered to all U.S. municipal police chiefs and county sheriffs to assess whether police executives’ attitudes towards civilian oversight are responsive to 1) sta…
The protective effects of prior military service on burnout in criminal justice professions
Does scientific research change minds? Linking criminology and public perceptions of policing
Research summary This study investigates the impact of scientific research findings on public views of policing topics. Specifically, we conducted an original survey experiment to determine whether research information treatments influence respondents’ views on the effectiveness of the police in reducing crime, defunding and refunding police budgets, and use of body‐worn cameras. Our results indicated that presenting confirmatory research informa…
Turnover in large US policing agencies following the George Floyd protests
Weeding out the Truth
Institutional factors driving citizen perceptions of AI in government
Law enforcement agencies are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered tools. While prior work emphasizes the technological features driving public opinion, we investigate how public trust and support for AI in government vary with the institutional context. We administer a pre‐registered survey experiment to 4200 respondents about AI use cases in policing to measure responsiveness to three key institutional factors: bureaucratic…
Covid-19 vaccine program eliminates law enforcement workforce infections
COVID-19 has created tremendous operational difficulties for law enforcement agencies, with substantial portions of their staff quarantined for either exposure or infection. With the rollout of a vaccine beginning in early 2021, there is hoped for relief on the horizon. However, to date, no study has reported the vaccine's effect on infection rates within the law enforcement workforce. We address that gap with a report on a single large agency's …
Comparing 911 and emergency hotline calls for domestic violence in seven cities
Research Summary : We examine changes in help-seeking for domestic violence (DV) in seven U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Bayesian structural time-series modeling with daily data to construct a synthetic counterfactual, we test whether calls to police and/or emergency hotlines varied in 2020 as people stayed home due to COVID-19. Across this sample, we estimate there were approximately 1030 more calls to police and 1671 more calls…
Elevated police turnover following the summer of George Floyd protests
Research summary Several of the largest U.S. police departments reported a sharp increase in officer resignations following massive public protests directed at policing in the summer of 2020. Yet, to date, no study has rigorously assessed the impact of the George Floyd protests on police resignations. We fill this void using 60 months of employment data from a large police department in the western United States. Bayesian structural time‐series m…
Improving victim engagement and officer response in rape investigations
High‐Stakes Administrative Discretion
Administrative discretion can range from benign to troubling, and law enforcement officers possess the power to use physical violence in the discharge of their duties. Body‐worn cameras (BWCs) are a workplace surveillance technology intended to monitor officer behavior in the field, but officers exercise discretion over whether or not to activate their cameras. So, what drives officers to activate BWCs? Combining unique survey and administrative …
It's not depersonalization, It's emotional labor
How Values Shape Program Perceptions
Among the more recognizable programs related to natural and sustainable food is the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program. Although the robustness of the organic food market is difficult to contest, many debate the extent to which U.S. organic policy outcomes adequately serve consumers and the organic agriculture producers they rely on. This paper engages the debate from the perspective of certified organic producers.…
The rhetoric of de-policing
Elevated police turnover following the summer of George Floyd protests
Research summary Several of the largest U.S. police departments reported a sharp increase in officer resignations following massive public protests directed at policing in the summer of 2020. Yet, to date, no study has rigorously assessed the impact of the George Floyd protests on police resignations. We fill this void using 60 months of employment data from a large police department in the western United States. Bayesian structural time‐series m…
High‐Stakes Administrative Discretion
Administrative discretion can range from benign to troubling, and law enforcement officers possess the power to use physical violence in the discharge of their duties. Body‐worn cameras (BWCs) are a workplace surveillance technology intended to monitor officer behavior in the field, but officers exercise discretion over whether or not to activate their cameras. So, what drives officers to activate BWCs? Combining unique survey and administrative …
Institutional factors driving citizen perceptions of AI in government
Law enforcement agencies are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered tools. While prior work emphasizes the technological features driving public opinion, we investigate how public trust and support for AI in government vary with the institutional context. We administer a pre‐registered survey experiment to 4200 respondents about AI use cases in policing to measure responsiveness to three key institutional factors: bureaucratic…
Comparing 911 and emergency hotline calls for domestic violence in seven cities
Research Summary : We examine changes in help-seeking for domestic violence (DV) in seven U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Bayesian structural time-series modeling with daily data to construct a synthetic counterfactual, we test whether calls to police and/or emergency hotlines varied in 2020 as people stayed home due to COVID-19. Across this sample, we estimate there were approximately 1030 more calls to police and 1671 more calls…
Visibility is a Trap
The growing use of body-worn cameras (BWCs) in law enforcement poses ethical and privacy threats to be considered by policy makers. Law enforcement adoption of surveillance technology often outpaces the laws and regulations that would ensure their appropriate use, and the negative consequences are rarely anticipated, particularly as they relate to privacy concerns. To date, the BWC policy narrative in the United States frames the technology as a …
The rhetoric of de-policing
Turnover in large US policing agencies following the George Floyd protests
Does scientific research change minds? Linking criminology and public perceptions of policing
Research summary This study investigates the impact of scientific research findings on public views of policing topics. Specifically, we conducted an original survey experiment to determine whether research information treatments influence respondents’ views on the effectiveness of the police in reducing crime, defunding and refunding police budgets, and use of body‐worn cameras. Our results indicated that presenting confirmatory research informa…
Police reform from the top down
The accountability of police to the public is imperative for a functioning democracy. The opinions of police executives—pivotal actors for implementing oversight policies—are an understudied, critical component of successful reform efforts. We use a pre‐registered survey experiment administered to all U.S. municipal police chiefs and county sheriffs to assess whether police executives’ attitudes towards civilian oversight are responsive to 1) sta…
Improving victim engagement and officer response in rape investigations
That’s What the Money’s for”
As the face of government, street-level bureaucrats interact with the citizenry and engage in emotional labor. Here we argue that public servants risk becoming alienated due to the unsupported emotional labor demands of their jobs. Alienated public servants can, in turn, alienate citizens from their government via emotional contagion, and because targets of emotional labor can detect inauthentic surface acting, they will distrust encounters with …
It's not depersonalization, It's emotional labor
Automation and artificial intelligence in police body-worn cameras
The protective effects of prior military service on burnout in criminal justice professions
Visibility is a Trap
The growing use of body-worn cameras (BWCs) in law enforcement poses ethical and privacy threats to be considered by policy makers. Law enforcement adoption of surveillance technology often outpaces the laws and regulations that would ensure their appropriate use, and the negative consequences are rarely anticipated, particularly as they relate to privacy concerns. To date, the BWC policy narrative in the United States frames the technology as a …
That’s What the Money’s for”
As the face of government, street-level bureaucrats interact with the citizenry and engage in emotional labor. Here we argue that public servants risk becoming alienated due to the unsupported emotional labor demands of their jobs. Alienated public servants can, in turn, alienate citizens from their government via emotional contagion, and because targets of emotional labor can detect inauthentic surface acting, they will distrust encounters with …
It's not depersonalization, It's emotional labor
How Values Shape Program Perceptions
Among the more recognizable programs related to natural and sustainable food is the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program. Although the robustness of the organic food market is difficult to contest, many debate the extent to which U.S. organic policy outcomes adequately serve consumers and the organic agriculture producers they rely on. This paper engages the debate from the perspective of certified organic producers.…
The rhetoric of de-policing
High‐Stakes Administrative Discretion
Administrative discretion can range from benign to troubling, and law enforcement officers possess the power to use physical violence in the discharge of their duties. Body‐worn cameras (BWCs) are a workplace surveillance technology intended to monitor officer behavior in the field, but officers exercise discretion over whether or not to activate their cameras. So, what drives officers to activate BWCs? Combining unique survey and administrative …
Covid-19 vaccine program eliminates law enforcement workforce infections
COVID-19 has created tremendous operational difficulties for law enforcement agencies, with substantial portions of their staff quarantined for either exposure or infection. With the rollout of a vaccine beginning in early 2021, there is hoped for relief on the horizon. However, to date, no study has reported the vaccine's effect on infection rates within the law enforcement workforce. We address that gap with a report on a single large agency's …
Comparing 911 and emergency hotline calls for domestic violence in seven cities
Research Summary : We examine changes in help-seeking for domestic violence (DV) in seven U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Bayesian structural time-series modeling with daily data to construct a synthetic counterfactual, we test whether calls to police and/or emergency hotlines varied in 2020 as people stayed home due to COVID-19. Across this sample, we estimate there were approximately 1030 more calls to police and 1671 more calls…
Elevated police turnover following the summer of George Floyd protests
Research summary Several of the largest U.S. police departments reported a sharp increase in officer resignations following massive public protests directed at policing in the summer of 2020. Yet, to date, no study has rigorously assessed the impact of the George Floyd protests on police resignations. We fill this void using 60 months of employment data from a large police department in the western United States. Bayesian structural time‐series m…
Improving victim engagement and officer response in rape investigations
Does scientific research change minds? Linking criminology and public perceptions of policing
Research summary This study investigates the impact of scientific research findings on public views of policing topics. Specifically, we conducted an original survey experiment to determine whether research information treatments influence respondents’ views on the effectiveness of the police in reducing crime, defunding and refunding police budgets, and use of body‐worn cameras. Our results indicated that presenting confirmatory research informa…
Turnover in large US policing agencies following the George Floyd protests
Weeding out the Truth
Institutional factors driving citizen perceptions of AI in government
Law enforcement agencies are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI)‐powered tools. While prior work emphasizes the technological features driving public opinion, we investigate how public trust and support for AI in government vary with the institutional context. We administer a pre‐registered survey experiment to 4200 respondents about AI use cases in policing to measure responsiveness to three key institutional factors: bureaucratic…
Speaking of reform
Research summary This study investigates how information about public opinion and peer practices influences police executives' views on civilian review boards. We applied structural topic modeling in an experimental paradigm, a novel approach diverging from traditional experimental survey methods, to the open‐ended responses of 1331 police executives collected in an original survey experiment. This technique enables the capture of subtle shifts i…
Police reform from the top down
The accountability of police to the public is imperative for a functioning democracy. The opinions of police executives—pivotal actors for implementing oversight policies—are an understudied, critical component of successful reform efforts. We use a pre‐registered survey experiment administered to all U.S. municipal police chiefs and county sheriffs to assess whether police executives’ attitudes towards civilian oversight are responsive to 1) sta…
The protective effects of prior military service on burnout in criminal justice professions
Emerging tools and technologies and the future of policing Research
The criminal justice system is experiencing growth in the use of artificial intelligence, sometimes referred to as ‘intelligent machines,’ that are capable of independent perception and response to an environment, as well as possessing the capability of independently performing tasks that ordinarily would be performed by human intelligence and decision-making processes. The inclusion of such technology is currently seen in the field of policing i…
Improving police behavior through artificial intelligence
Police body‐worn cameras (BWCs) generate extensive video data on officer behavior, yet resource constraints mean that only a fraction of this footage is ever reviewed. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present an opportunity to automate these reviews, potentially influencing police conduct. We evaluate the impact of AI‐led auditing in two pre‐registered, randomized controlled trials conducted within two large US police agencies.…
Automation and artificial intelligence in police body-worn cameras
Avertogenic deaths
Each year, roughly 1,100 people are fatally shot by U.S. police, and nearly as many are shot and survive. Research on these shootings typically begins and ends at the encounter—suspect behavior, officer perception, situational features. We propose an earlier starting point. Avertogenic police killings are downstream lethal encounters enabled by upstream court decisions about sentencing, diversion, and release. The framework treats police shooting…
Tough Shift
Through Thick and Thin
This study compared traditional (human-coded) qualitative analysis and (machine-coded) natural language processing (NLP) techniques on the same open-ended survey responses from police officers. Both strategies uncovered similar broad themes, but the traditional approach revealed more depth and nuance, including an additional category of themes. Therefore, NLP-basedapproaches cannot currently replace traditional qualitative analysis when depth and…
Why innovations in policing don’t work or don’t translate
This study examined organizational and community-level barriers and facilitators that influence innovation in policing using an implementation science framework. A body of 31 survey items operationalized for implementation in police settings were mapped onto the constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The resulting instrument was administered to 72 police leaders and researchers. Respondents agreed implementation bor…
Emotional Intelligence, Policing, and the Military Veteran Influence
American policing is in the midst of a staffing crisis characterized by high rates of attrition fueled by job dissatisfaction and burnout. Organizations have responded in kind by recruiting individuals whose background characteristics could serve as an asset for police work, including those with higher levels of emotional intelligence (EI), a known predictor of a range of positive occupational outcomes. In the current study, we examine the sociod…
Political science (19 obras) · Policing Practices and Perceptions (16 obras) · Psychology (16 obras) · Law (13 obras) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (11 obras) · Law (11 obras) · Criminology (10 obras) · Business (9 obras) · Officer (9 obras) · Public relations (9 obras)