Heidi Stöckl
Biographic Data
| ID | 247429 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Heidi Stöckl |
| GIVEN NAMES | Heidi |
| FAMILY NAME | Stöckl |
| SIGNATURE | STÖCKL H |
| AFFILIATIONS | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0907-8483 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 66 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 47 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 66 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Unbundling social protection
A measurement tool to capture sexual harassment among women in Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Sexual harassment is a serious public health problem, yet there is a lack of clarity on its measurement. OBJECTIVE: We set out to develop a measurement tool to capture sexual harassment in the different spheres of women's everyday lives. METHODS: We conducted 60 cognitive interviews with women in two iterations. In each iteration, we interviewed 10 young women aged 15-24 years, sampled from two public secondary schools; 20 women aged …
Coping responses to intimate partner violence
This study sought to explore the variety of coping strategies that women employ in response to intimate partner violence. Coping strategies can help women tolerate, minimise and deal with difficult challenges or conflicts in their relationships, such as learning to be independent from their husbands and surviving trauma. Drawing on 18 in-depth interviews conducted in Mwanza, Tanzania, we examined two different coping strategies - engagement and d…
Beyond ‘Go and bring your husband’
Maternal and infant mortality remains a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. While male involvement in pregnancy and child birth has proven to be an effective intervention that can significantly reduce these deaths, low-income settings like Cameroon continue to encounter obstacles in engaging men in maternal and child health services. This study seeks to examine and contextualize barriers to male partner involvement in antenatal car…
Pathways between intimate partner violence and HIV care and treatment during pregnancy and postpartum
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with suboptimal HIV treatment behaviors and health outcomes among perinatal women. Less is known about the postpartum phase or how distinct types of perinatal IPV exposure may inhibit HIV-related care. We conducted a qualitative study nested within an ongoing trial among perinatal women in rural Kenya to explore the influence of IPV on adherence to HIV treatment during pregnancy and postpartum. In 202…
A Systematic Review of Theories of Stress as a Predictor of Intimate Partner Violence
Literature on stress and intimate partner violence (IPV) has primarily focused on stress as an outcome of women’s experience of IPV. However, stress may also be a predictor of male-perpetrated IPV. To improve our understanding of how theoretical approaches to stress have been applied to IPV research, we conducted a sub-analysis of a broader systematic review to identify published literature that examines theoretical approaches to stress as a pred…
Understanding non-partner sexual violence perpetration in young Tanzanian men
The widespread nature of sexual harassment and rape perpetration among young men in our study and the associated risk factors, which are all tied to notions of masculinity encouraging domination, promiscuity, and risky health behaviours, call for harmful gender norms to be addressed to reduce the incidence of NPSV
The role of jealousy and infidelity in intimate partner violence against women
To be effective, IPV prevention programmes must support the dismantling of patriarchal hierarchies while simultaneously addressing backlash to shifts in traditional gender norms. Interventions should also target jealousy and suspicions of infidelity to foster safer and more equitable relationships. Addressing these community, relational and individual dimensions is essential for mitigating the complex dynamics of jealousy, infidelity and IPV
I Just Need Someone to Tell Me What to Do Because This is New Territory’
The suicide or homicide of a close person leaves children dependent on their carer for positive trauma processing. As these situations exist outside everyday parenting skills, this study aimed to better understand carers' experiences and needs. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with carers of children bereaved by suicide or homicide and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four themes concerning the carers' wishes and support n…
Accelerating achievement for Africa’s adolescents
By 2050, one in four people in the world will live in Africa. The region’s adolescents are our present and future but need effective services to support their holistic health and wellbeing, advance their education, allow them to flourish, and protect them from adversity. This paper reviews evidence for a new concept of ‘development accelerators’: interventions that can help achieve multiple Sustainable Development Goals simultaneously. Across 26 …
The Impact of Women's Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence and Gender Equity on Intimate Partner Violence Experience
Inequitable gender norms can manifest in attitudes about gender and intimate partner violence (IPV) acceptability and be risk factors for women's experience of male-perpetrated IPV. This longitudinal study explored the effect of Tanzanian women's attitudes toward gender equity and toward IPV on physical and/or sexual IPV experience with mixed-effects and cross-lagged regressions. Unadjusted mixed-effects regression shows that an increase in gende…
Health effects associated with exposure of children to physical violence, psychological violence and neglect
The health toll of child maltreatment or violence against children (VAC) has not yet been comprehensively evaluated. Here, in our systematic review and meta-analyses, we focused on the health impacts of physical violence, psychological violence and neglect during childhood. Utilizing the Burden of Proof methodology, which generates conservative measures of association while accounting for heterogeneity between input studies, we evaluated 35 assoc…
The health effects associated with physical, sexual and psychological gender-based violence against men and women
The health impacts of exposure to physical, sexual or psychological gender-based violence (GBV) against men and women are substantial yet not well delineated. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed 40 studies to evaluate the associations between GBV (including but not limited to intimate partner violence) and eight health outcomes: sexually transmitted infections excluding HIV, maternal abortion and miscarriage, HIV/AIDS, major depressive d…
Male social embeddedness and intimate partner violence perpetration in Tanzania
Women's informal group participation and intimate partner violence in Mwanza, Tanzania
Pathways of romantic jealousy to intimate partner violence in Mwanza, northern Tanzania
Prevalence and severity of physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy among adolescents in eight sub-Saharan Africa countries
Globally, intimate partner violence (IPV) is highly prevalent, with adolescents being particularly vulnerable, especially during pregnancy. This study examines the prevalence and severity of physical IPV among pregnant adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We analyzed data from Demographic Health Surveys collected between 2017–2021 from eight SSA countries, involving 2,289 ever-pregnant adolescents aged 15–19. Physical IPV during pregnancy was…
Healthy lifestyle factors and male perpetration of intimate partner violence
Background In Tanzania, nearly half of ever-married women have experienced some form of intimate partner violence (IPV), yet little knowledge of IPV from the male perspective exists.Objective To explore the role of essential healthy lifestyle factors, diet, sleep, and exercise, and their potential role in IPV perpetration.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,002 young men (ages 18–24), 754 of which were in an intimate relationshi…
Sociological Theories to Explain Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a highly prevalent public health challenge and human rights violation. Sociological theories address social structures to understand prevalence and dynamics of IPV against women. This systematic review aims (1) to identify, describe, categorize, and synthesize sociological theories that account for predictors of IPV against women, and (2) to compare and contrast sociological theories of predictors of IPV against…
The Association Between Depression, Suicidal Thoughts and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Young Men in Mwanza, Tanzania
Purpose Depression and suicidal thoughts are associated with intimate partner violence, a major public health problem. Yet little is known about this association among young men in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to investigate the relationship between depression, suicidal thoughts and intimate partner violence perpetration, among young men in Tanzania from a representative community-based sample. Methods We conducted a cross sectional survey…
Characteristics of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence and implications for women’s HIV status
Intimate partner violence (IPV) may increase women’s HIV acquisition risk. Still, knowledge on pathways through which IPV exacerbates HIV burden is emerging. We examined the individual and partnership-level characteristics of male perpetrators of physical and/or sexual IPV and considered their implications for women’s HIV status. We pooled individual-level data from nationally representative, cross-sectional surveys in 27 countries in Africa (200…
The short and long-term impact of Covid-19 restrictions on women’s mental health in Mwanza, Tanzania
The COVID-19 outbreak had a profound impact on all countries in the world, leading governments to impose various forms of restrictions on social interactions and mobility, including complete lockdowns. While the impact of lockdowns on the emerging mental health crisis has been documented in high income countries, little is known whether and how the COVID-19 pandemic also effected mental health in settings with few or no COVID-19 restrictions in p…
The association between alcohol consumption and intimate partner violence in young male perpetrators in Mwanza, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Although alcohol consumption is a well-known risk factor for intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration, few studies have been conducted among young males in low- and middle-income countries. Alcohol consumption and IPV are both complex phenomena, whose association requires more in-depth exploration regarding drinking patterns and the alcohol-related manifestation of five different forms of IPV. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought t…
Sexual Harassment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Sexual harassment is a pervasive form of gender-based violence that has negative social and health impacts, yet there is only limited research available on sexual harassment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this qualitative systematic review was to better understand how participants across a variety of countries and settings conceptualized sexual harassment and to investigate its causal factors, consequences, coping strateg…
The Co-Occurrence of Intimate Partner Violence and Violence Against Children
Violence against women (VAW) and violence against children (VAC) are public health issues of global concern. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a commonly occurring form of VAW and there is evidence to suggest that IPV and VAC frequently co-occur within the same families. This systematic literature review searched for studies published in any language between 1 st January 2000 to 16 th February 2021 and identified 33 studies that provided finding…
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy
We aimed to describe the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy across 19 countries, and examine trends across age groups and UN regions. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (20 surveys from 15 countries) and the International Violence Against Women Surveys (4 surveys from 4 countries) carried out between 1998 and 2007. Our data suggest that intimate partner violence during a p…
Masculinity, power and structural constraints
Intimate partner violence is a global problem with devastating social and health consequences to individuals and families. While some forms of intimate partner violence such as physical and sexual violence have been explored in depth, there is a lack of clarity on men's perspectives of emotional violence, particularly in low-income countries. Yet it is recognized that incorporating men's perspectives and participation is crucial for addressing in…
Mechanisms linking intimate partner violence and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
Labor Recruitment and Human Trafficking
Over the past decade, third-party labor recruiters who facilitate employment for migrant workers across low- and middle-income countries have often been considered by the counter-trafficking community as one of the main entry points into human trafficking. In response, anti-trafficking prevention programs have increasingly focused on addressing exploitative recruitment in migrants’ origin countries. Such programs may advocate for increased regula…
Same habitus in new field? How mobile phone communication reproduces masculinities and gender inequality in intimate relationships in Mwanza, Tanzania
The use of mobile phones and other communication technologies is booming in low-income contexts. Yet there is lack of detailed analyses of their impact to social interactions, including intimate relationships between men and women and gender-based violence. Drawing on Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and field, we argue that mobile phones reproduce gender inequality and negative masculinities in these relationships. This happens through the diverse…
Human trafficking and violence
An analysis of the world's largest data set on trafficking victims indicates that violence is indeed prevalent and gendered. While these results show that trafficking-related violence is common, findings suggest there are patterns of violence, which highlights that post-trafficking services must address the specific support needs of different survivors
Contested or complementary healing paradigms? Women's narratives of Covid-19 remedies in Mwanza, Tanzania
Background COVID-19 has caused worldwide fear and uncertainty. Historically, the biomedical disease paradigm established its dominance in tackling emerging infectious illnesses mainly due to innovation in medication and advances in technology. Traditional and religious remedies have emerged as plausible options for prevention and treatment of COVID-19, especially in Africa and Asia. The appeal of religious and traditional therapies against COVID-…
Factors associated with violence by a current partner in a nationally representative sample of German women
Partner violence is a serious human rights violation and public health issue. Although its pervasiveness is well documented, more research is needed on risk and protective factors to inform interventions. This study is based on a secondary analysis of the first national survey on violence against women in Germany. Women who reported partner violence by their current partner were compared to women who never reported partner violence. The prevalenc…
Victims or suspects? Identifying and assisting potentially trafficked fishermen
Prompted by reports of 'sea slavery' in the fishing industry and threats of sanctions, Thailand has faced pressure to eradicate human trafficking the fishing sector. Although the Thai government has responded with anti-trafficking policies, there remains little understanding about their implementation. Specifically, little is known about how government agencies, NGOs or industry perceive "trafficking", and no research examines how trafficked fish…
Understanding Women’s Help-Seeking With Intimate Partner Violence in Tanzania
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious global health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. Despite increased investments into its reduction, little research has been conducted into how women in low- and middle-income countries deal with IPV. This study seeks to explore this by looking in depth into help-seeking strategies utilized by abused women in Tanzania, using the 2015-2016 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. The prevalenc…
Not without a fight
The lessons of history
The cross-national analysis of policies and services offers an innovative point of view to evaluate the role of the state, social movements, and supra-national bodies in fighting violence against women (VAW). By locating the starting point in time and grouping countries in temporal clusters, the article identifies the key actors of VAW policy-making in Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the UK…
Health effects associated with exposure of children to physical violence, psychological violence and neglect
The health toll of child maltreatment or violence against children (VAC) has not yet been comprehensively evaluated. Here, in our systematic review and meta-analyses, we focused on the health impacts of physical violence, psychological violence and neglect during childhood. Utilizing the Burden of Proof methodology, which generates conservative measures of association while accounting for heterogeneity between input studies, we evaluated 35 assoc…
Men’s Reflections on Romantic Jealousy and Intimate Partner Violence in Mwanza, Tanzania
Romantic jealousy is a prominent trigger for intimate partner violence. Yet, there are few studies on this relationship in sub-Saharan Africa and none captures men's perspectives. To expand the existing knowledge on romantic jealousy and its relation to intimate partner violence, our study analyzed 30 in-depth interviews with male participants. Triggers of romantic jealousy included suspicion or confirmed infidelity, reduced attention from their …
Physical violence by a partner during pregnancy in Tanzania
Violence by an intimate partner, including violence during pregnancy, is an important human rights and public health issue. This paper presents the findings from large household surveys conducted in Mbeya and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in 2001–2002, as part of the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women. Seven (n=88) and twelve per cent (n=147) of ever-partnered, ever-pregnant women in Dar es Salaam (n=1,298) a…
Physical violence by a partner during pregnancy in Tanzania
Violence by an intimate partner, including violence during pregnancy, is an important human rights and public health issue. This paper presents the findings from large household surveys conducted in Mbeya and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in 2001–2002, as part of the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women. Seven (n=88) and twelve per cent (n=147) of ever-partnered, ever-pregnant women in Dar es Salaam (n=1,298) a…
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy
We aimed to describe the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy across 19 countries, and examine trends across age groups and UN regions. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (20 surveys from 15 countries) and the International Violence Against Women Surveys (4 surveys from 4 countries) carried out between 1998 and 2007. Our data suggest that intimate partner violence during a p…
Factors associated with violence by a current partner in a nationally representative sample of German women
Partner violence is a serious human rights violation and public health issue. Although its pervasiveness is well documented, more research is needed on risk and protective factors to inform interventions. This study is based on a secondary analysis of the first national survey on violence against women in Germany. Women who reported partner violence by their current partner were compared to women who never reported partner violence. The prevalenc…
Prevalence and Risk of Violence and the Physical, Mental, and Sexual Health Problems Associated with Human Trafficking
A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010
The global prevalence of intimate partner homicide
Women's perceptions of how pregnancy influences the context of intimate partner violence in Germany
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is receiving increased attention because of its high prevalence and health effects. Still, little is known about women's perceptions on how their pregnancy influences the context in which intimate partner violence occurs. We conducted 19 in-depth interviews with women who had experienced intimate partner violence around the time of pregnancy. Women clearly perceived pregnancy as a turning point, because …
Factors affecting adherence to short-course ARV prophylaxis for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Despite the biomedical potential to eliminate vertical HIV transmission, drug adherence to short regimens is often sub-optimal. To inform future programmes, we reviewed evidence on the factors influencing maternal and infant drug adherence to preventing MTCT drug regimens at delivery in sub-Saharan Africa. A literature review yielding 14 studies on adherence to drug regimes among HIV-positive pregnant women and mothers in sub-Saharan Africa was c…
Intimate partner violence among adolescents and young women
Adolescence and early adulthood is an important period in laying the foundation for healthy and stable relationships, and women's health and well-being overall. Ensuring that adolescents and young women enjoy relationships free of violence is an important investment in their future
Intimate partner violence and engagement in HIV care and treatment among women
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate the odds of engagement in HIV care and treatment among HIV-positive women reporting intimate partner violence (IPV). DESIGN: We systematically reviewed the literature on the association between IPV and engagement in care. Data sources included searches of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsychoInfo), hand searches and citation tracking. METHODS: Two reviewers screened 757 full-text articles,…
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990–2013
Measuring the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries
BACKGROUND: In September, 2015, the UN General Assembly established the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs specify 17 universal goals, 169 targets, and 230 indicators leading up to 2030. We provide an analysis of 33 health-related SDG indicators based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015). METHODS: We applied statistical methods to systematically compiled data to estimate the performance of…
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. METHODS: We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of t…
The lessons of history
The cross-national analysis of policies and services offers an innovative point of view to evaluate the role of the state, social movements, and supra-national bodies in fighting violence against women (VAW). By locating the starting point in time and grouping countries in temporal clusters, the article identifies the key actors of VAW policy-making in Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the UK…
Mechanisms linking intimate partner violence and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970–2016
BACKGROUND: Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and …
Prevalence of intimate partner violence and abuse and associated factors among women enrolled into a cluster randomised trial in northwestern Tanzania
ClinicalTrials.gov - ID NCT02592252 , registered retrospectively on 13 August 2015
Not without a fight
Risk and Protective Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Against Women
Background. The estimated lifetime prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) is 30% among women worldwide. Understanding risk and protective factors is essential for designing effective prevention strategies. Objectives. To quantify the associations between prospective–longitudinal risk and protective factors and IPV and identify evidence gaps. Search methods. We conducted systematic searches in 16 databases including MEDLI…
Women’s income and risk of intimate partner violence
ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02592252 , registered retrospectively (13/08/2015)
Don’t You Think It Is Violence Forcing Me to Have Sex While Not Happy?” Women’s Conceptualization of Enjoyable Sex and Sexual Intimate Partner Violence in Mwanza, Tanzania
Intimate partner violence is a recognized public health and development issue that is consistently and comparatively measured through women's experience of physical and/or sexual acts by their partner. While physical intimate partner violence is covered by a wide range of behaviors, sexual intimate partner violence (SIPV) is often only measured through attempted or completed forced sex, ignoring less obvious forms of sexual intimate partner viole…
Understanding Women’s Help-Seeking With Intimate Partner Violence in Tanzania
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious global health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. Despite increased investments into its reduction, little research has been conducted into how women in low- and middle-income countries deal with IPV. This study seeks to explore this by looking in depth into help-seeking strategies utilized by abused women in Tanzania, using the 2015-2016 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. The prevalenc…
Natural hazards, disasters and violence against women and girls
Women’s Narratives about Covid-19, Preventive Practices and Sources of Information in Northwestern Tanzania
COVID-19 has affected millions of people across the world. We conducted a phone based qualitative study to explore women's perceptions of COVID-19, knowledge of its symptoms, transmission, and prevention practices in Northwestern Tanzania. We also examined their sources of information about the disease. Findings show that much of women's framing of etiology, symptoms, and transmission routes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR…
Victims or suspects? Identifying and assisting potentially trafficked fishermen
Prompted by reports of 'sea slavery' in the fishing industry and threats of sanctions, Thailand has faced pressure to eradicate human trafficking the fishing sector. Although the Thai government has responded with anti-trafficking policies, there remains little understanding about their implementation. Specifically, little is known about how government agencies, NGOs or industry perceive "trafficking", and no research examines how trafficked fish…
Medicine (49 works) · Environmental health (37 works) · Poison control (37 works) · Intimate Partner and Family Violence (35 works) · Domestic violence (34 works) · Suicide prevention (32 works) · Psychology (31 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (29 works) · Sociology (25 works) · Demography (22 works)