Gustavo Angeles
Biographic Data
| ID | 265553 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gustavo Angeles |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gustavo |
| FAMILY NAME | Angeles |
| SIGNATURE | ANGELES G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 36 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 101 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 36 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Does a Cash Transfer Program Change Caregiver Effects on Child Cognitive Development? Evidence from a Cluster Randomized Trial in Zambia
Effects of internal migration on healthcare services utilization in Bangladesh
Background Despite the significance of internal migration as an important social determinant of health that could potentially affect the utilization of maternal healthcare services, the magnitude of this relationship by different migration streams is yet to be fully explored in Bangladesh. Methods This study using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data, 2017–18 examined the effects of different migration streams on maternal healthcare serv…
Accounting for aid
Background: The United States government (USG) is a key global actor in preventing mortality and supporting lifesaving health services among women and children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Since the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, USG has funded global health programmes targeting specific conditions and strengthening health systems for the delivery of essential services via the United States Agency for International Development (U…
Impacts of Medicaid Expansion on Contraceptive Use Among Women in Neighborhoods of Racialized Socioeconomic Deprivation in the United States
Changing paradigm of malnutrition among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age and gaps in national Nutrition Policies and Action Plans to tackle the emerging challenge
Objective: The main objective of this paper is to document the changing paradigm of malnutrition in Bangladesh and estimating how this is creating an intergenerational risk. This paper also examines national policy responses to tackle the silent epidemic of double burden of malnutrition. Methods: Publicly available datasets of five Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys were used to see the changing paradigm of malnutrition among Bangladesh wo…
Stagnation of maternal mortality decline in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2016 in spite of an increase in health services utilisation
Background: After a 40% reduction in maternal mortality ratio (MMR) during 2001-2010 in Bangladesh, the MMR level stagnated between 2010 and 2016 despite a steady increase in maternal health services use and improvements in overall socioeconomic status. We revisited the factors that contributed to MMR decline during 2001-2010 and examined the changes in these factors between 2010 and 2016 to explain the MMR stagnation in Bangladesh. Methods: We u…
Neighborhood‐level racialized socioeconomic deprivation and contraceptive use in the United States, 2011–2019
This study highlights the salience of structural factors for contraceptive use and the need for continued examination of structural oppressions to inform health policy
Do cash transfer programs have different effects on children based on household disability status? Evidence from Malawi and Zambia
Globally, about 1 billion people have disabilities. Cash transfers (CTs) are social protection programs often explicitly including people with disabilities. There is little research differentiating CT impacts by disability status. We used a triple difference estimation strategy with three‐way interaction terms to estimate disability‐differential impacts of CTs in Malawi and Zambia on material needs, physical health, and nutritional status among c…
‘She showed me a new path, a way forward’
Mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, are a common comorbidity among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) living with HIV. Informed by social support theory, health navigation is a strengths-based intervention that has been demonstrated to improve HIV care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore how health navigation influences the mental health of GBMSM living with HIV. We analyzed longitudinal…
Estimating the effects of Covid-19 on essential health services utilization in Uganda and Bangladesh using data from routine health information systems
Background: Since March 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a major shock to health systems across the world. We examined national usage patterns for selected basic, essential health services, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Bangladesh, to determine whether COVID-19 affected reporting of service utilization and the use of health services in each country. Methods: We used routine health information…
HIV Treatment and Mental Health Outcomes Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in a Pilot Multicomponent Intervention in Guatemala City
Globally, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, but few interventions address mental health and HIV outcomes among GBMSM living with HIV. The purpose of this study was to pilot a multicomponent intervention, integrating emotional well-being (EW) and health navigation for GBMSM living with HIV in Guatemala City. We implemented a 12-month intervention, including a four-session EW componen…
Impact of a School‐Based Nutrition Intervention in Preventing Overweight and Obesity in Children in Thailand
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the impact of a school-based nutrition program on preventing overweight and obesity in children in Thailand from 2014 to 2019. METHODS: We used difference-in-differences with matched comparison group to evaluate program impact. Treatment schools were categorized into those that participated in phase 1 only, and those that participated in phase 1 and 2. We matched 311 treatment schools in phase 1 only with 1504 com…
Assessing associations between stigma and mental health among preexposure prophylaxis users in Guatemala
Sexual orientation and PrEP stigma may affect PrEP users' mental health. Interventions addressing stigma are needed to support uptake and sustained PrEP use in this population
Impacts of cash transfer and “cash plus” programs on self- perceived stress in Africa
Poverty and poor mental health are closely linked. Cash transfers have significantly expanded globally. Given their objectives around poverty reduction and improving food security, a major chronic stressor in Africa, cash transfers may affect mental health outcomes. We examine impacts of three large-scale government cash transfer or cash plus programs in Ghana, Malawi, and Tanzania on self-perceived stress using an innovative, newly adapted measu…
Unconditional cash transfers and safe transitions to adulthood in Malawi
As national social safety nets are expanding in Africa and globally, evidence on the impact of programs on youth transitions can help guide future investment and program design decisions. This paper examines the effects of Malawi’s flagship cash transfer program on safe transitions to adulthood among youth living in households experiencing ultra-poverty. The evaluation was a cluster-randomized control trial implemented over three years using pane…
Knowledge of and access to frontline workers among poor, rural households in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Background Social protection programmes have effectively reduced poverty and improved food security. However, the effects of poverty require an intersectoral approach to adequately address poor nutrition and health. Identifying gaps in knowledge and access to frontline workers who oversee these integrations is critical for understanding the potential for integrated social protection programming to improve these outcomes. We measured levels of soc…
Crowding-out or crowding-in? Effects of Leap 1000 unconditional cash transfer program on household and community support among women in rural Ghana
Beneficios de pertenecer a una organización cafetalera
Este artículo analiza con datos de corte transversal, si productores de café con tierras de cultivo en condiciones biofísicas heterogéneas y características socioeconómicas distintas, en el municipio de Santa María Yucuhiti, Oaxaca, tienen mayores posibilidades de acceder a crédito y a mejores prácticas de manejo productivo en un contexto de producción orgánica que les permita obtener precios más altos, incrementar su producción y reducir la pres…
A cash plus program reduces youth exposure to physical violence in Zimbabwe
Violence against children and adolescents, a highly prevalent problem, is a clear violation of child rights and has detrimental effects on later life outcomes. Programs that alleviate poverty address a structural determinant of child vulnerability and can thereby reduce child abuse. This paper investigates whether the Government of Zimbabwe's Harmonized Social Cash Transfer (HSCT) Program, which combines cash transfers with complementary services…
Impact of the ‘Seguro Médico Siglo XXI’ medical insurance programme on neonatal and infant mortality in Mexico, 2006–14
The ‘Seguro Médico Siglo XXI’ (SMSXXI), a universal coverage medical insurance programme for children under 5 years of age, started in 2006 to help avoid catastrophic health expenditures in poor families without social security in Mexico. The study used information from the National Health Information System for the 2006–14 period. An ecological approach was followed with a panel of the 2457 municipalities of Mexico as the units of analysis. The …
Government of Malawi's unconditional cash transfer improves youth mental health
We explore the impacts of Malawi's national unconditional cash transfer program targeting ultra-poor households on youth mental health. Experimental findings show that the program significantly improved mental health outcomes. Among girls in particular, the program reduces indications of depression by about 15 percentage points. We investigate the contribution of different possible pathways to the overall program impact, including education, heal…
Reducing Inequity in Urban Health
Bangladesh is undergoing a rapid urbanization process. About one-third of the population of major cities in the country live in slums, which are areas that exhibit pronounced concentrations of factors that negatively affect health and nutrition. People living in slums face greater challenge to improve their health than other parts of the country, which fuels the growing intra-urban health inequities. Two rounds of the Bangladesh Urban Health Surv…
Paying for Happiness
This study analyzes the short-term impact of an exogenous, positive income shock on caregivers' subjective well-being (SWB) in Malawi using panel data from 3,365 households targeted to receive Malawi's Social Cash Transfer Program that provides unconditional cash to ultra-poor, labor-constrained households. The study consists of a cluster-randomized, longitudinal design. After the baseline survey, half of these village clusters were randomly sele…
Cash Transfers, Early Marriage, and Fertility in Malawi and Zambia
There is increasing interest in the ability of cash transfers to facilitate safe transitions to adulthood in low‐income settings; however, evidence from scaled‐up government programming demonstrating this potential is scarce. Using two experimental evaluations of unconditional cash transfers targeted to ultra‐poor and labor‐constrained households over approximately three years in Malawi and Zambia, we examine whether cash transfers delayed early …
Does postnatal care have a role in improving newborn feeding? A study in 15 sub–Saharan African countries
BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is known as a key intervention to improve newborn health and survival while prelacteal feeds (liquids other than breastmilk within 3 days of birth) represents a departure from optimal feeding practices. Recent programmatic guidelines from the WHO and UNICEF outline the need to improve newborn feeding and points to postnatal care (PNC) as a potential mechanism to do so. This study examines if PNC and type of PNC provider …
The Impact of Community-Level Variables on Individual-Level Outcomes
The authors study alternative estimators of the impacts of higher level variables in multilevel models. This is important since many of the important variables in social science research are higher level factors having impacts on many lower level outcomes such as school achievement and contraceptive use. While the large sample properties of alternative estimators for these models are well known, there is little evidence about the relative perform…
The Effects of Education and Family Planning Programs on Fertility in Indonesia
Numerous studies indicate that female education is a major determinant of fertility and that the estimated effects are large relative to other variables, including family planning program variables. There are, however, two serious deficiencies in the research relating educational attainment to fertility that could give rise to invalid inferences. First, many public programs, including health and family planning programs, may influence a woman’s d…
Government of Malawi's unconditional cash transfer improves youth mental health
We explore the impacts of Malawi's national unconditional cash transfer program targeting ultra-poor households on youth mental health. Experimental findings show that the program significantly improved mental health outcomes. Among girls in particular, the program reduces indications of depression by about 15 percentage points. We investigate the contribution of different possible pathways to the overall program impact, including education, heal…
The determinants of fertility in rural Peru
The effect of cash transfers and household vulnerability on food security in Zimbabwe
Paying for Happiness
This study analyzes the short-term impact of an exogenous, positive income shock on caregivers' subjective well-being (SWB) in Malawi using panel data from 3,365 households targeted to receive Malawi's Social Cash Transfer Program that provides unconditional cash to ultra-poor, labor-constrained households. The study consists of a cluster-randomized, longitudinal design. After the baseline survey, half of these village clusters were randomly sele…
Impacts of the Malawi social cash transfer program on household food and nutrition security
A cash plus program reduces youth exposure to physical violence in Zimbabwe
Violence against children and adolescents, a highly prevalent problem, is a clear violation of child rights and has detrimental effects on later life outcomes. Programs that alleviate poverty address a structural determinant of child vulnerability and can thereby reduce child abuse. This paper investigates whether the Government of Zimbabwe's Harmonized Social Cash Transfer (HSCT) Program, which combines cash transfers with complementary services…
Cash Transfers, Early Marriage, and Fertility in Malawi and Zambia
There is increasing interest in the ability of cash transfers to facilitate safe transitions to adulthood in low‐income settings; however, evidence from scaled‐up government programming demonstrating this potential is scarce. Using two experimental evaluations of unconditional cash transfers targeted to ultra‐poor and labor‐constrained households over approximately three years in Malawi and Zambia, we examine whether cash transfers delayed early …
Physical and Sexual Abuse of Wives in Urban Bangladesh
Using data from 8,320 husbands’ self reports for the 2006 Urban Health Survey, this article examines the prevalence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrated by husbands against their wives in Bangladesh and identifies risk markers associated with such violence. Of the men included in the sample for this study, 55 percent reported perpetrating physical IPV against their wives at some point in their married lives, 23 perce…
Crowding-out or crowding-in? Effects of Leap 1000 unconditional cash transfer program on household and community support among women in rural Ghana
Unconditional cash transfers and safe transitions to adulthood in Malawi
As national social safety nets are expanding in Africa and globally, evidence on the impact of programs on youth transitions can help guide future investment and program design decisions. This paper examines the effects of Malawi’s flagship cash transfer program on safe transitions to adulthood among youth living in households experiencing ultra-poverty. The evaluation was a cluster-randomized control trial implemented over three years using pane…
Reducing Inequity in Urban Health
Bangladesh is undergoing a rapid urbanization process. About one-third of the population of major cities in the country live in slums, which are areas that exhibit pronounced concentrations of factors that negatively affect health and nutrition. People living in slums face greater challenge to improve their health than other parts of the country, which fuels the growing intra-urban health inequities. Two rounds of the Bangladesh Urban Health Surv…
Impact of Oportunidades on Skilled Attendance at Delivery in Rural Areas
Oportunidades (formerly PROGRESA) is a conditional cash transfer program ran by the Mexican federal government designed to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. Among other activities, it provides free delivery attendance for women enrolled in the program. Skilled attendance at delivery has been identified as an effective strategy to reduce maternal mortality, an important health problem in Mexico. In this paper we assess the impact of Op…
Impact of the ‘Seguro Médico Siglo XXI’ medical insurance programme on neonatal and infant mortality in Mexico, 2006–14
The ‘Seguro Médico Siglo XXI’ (SMSXXI), a universal coverage medical insurance programme for children under 5 years of age, started in 2006 to help avoid catastrophic health expenditures in poor families without social security in Mexico. The study used information from the National Health Information System for the 2006–14 period. An ecological approach was followed with a panel of the 2457 municipalities of Mexico as the units of analysis. The …
Race and Health Disparities Among Seniors in Urban Areas in Brazil
Objectives: This article examines racial health disparities among the elderly in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It also explores whether these disparities differ among income groups. Methods: The study follows the conceptual framework developed by LaVeist (1994). A multistage analysis and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition are used to explore the sources of racial disparities in health. Results: White seniors report better health than Black seniors. This is the ca…
Race and Health Disparities Among Seniors in Urban Areas in Brazil
Objectives: This article examines racial health disparities among the elderly in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It also explores whether these disparities differ among income groups. Methods: The study follows the conceptual framework developed by LaVeist (1994). A multistage analysis and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition are used to explore the sources of racial disparities in health. Results: White seniors report better health than Black seniors. This is the ca…
The determinants of fertility in rural Peru
The Impact of Community-Level Variables on Individual-Level Outcomes
The authors study alternative estimators of the impacts of higher level variables in multilevel models. This is important since many of the important variables in social science research are higher level factors having impacts on many lower level outcomes such as school achievement and contraceptive use. While the large sample properties of alternative estimators for these models are well known, there is little evidence about the relative perform…
The Effects of Education and Family Planning Programs on Fertility in Indonesia
Numerous studies indicate that female education is a major determinant of fertility and that the estimated effects are large relative to other variables, including family planning program variables. There are, however, two serious deficiencies in the research relating educational attainment to fertility that could give rise to invalid inferences. First, many public programs, including health and family planning programs, may influence a woman’s d…
Imbalances in the health labour force
Accurate knowledge of the characteristics of the health labour force that can affect health care production is of critical importance to health planners and policymakers. This study uses health facility survey data to examine characteristics of the primary health care labour force in Nicaragua, Tanzania and Bangladesh. The characteristics examined are those that are likely to affect service provision, including urban/rural distribution, demograph…
Socioeconomic Status Measurement With Discrete Proxy Variables
The last several years have seen a growth in the number of publications in economics that use principal component analysis (PCA) in the area of welfare studies. This paper explores the ways discrete data can be incorporated into PCA. The effects of discreteness of the observed variables on the PCA are reviewed. The statistical properties of the popular Filmer and Pritchett (2001 ) procedure are analyzed. The concepts of polychoric and polyserial …
Impact of Oportunidades on Skilled Attendance at Delivery in Rural Areas
Oportunidades (formerly PROGRESA) is a conditional cash transfer program ran by the Mexican federal government designed to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. Among other activities, it provides free delivery attendance for women enrolled in the program. Skilled attendance at delivery has been identified as an effective strategy to reduce maternal mortality, an important health problem in Mexico. In this paper we assess the impact of Op…
Physical and Sexual Abuse of Wives in Urban Bangladesh
Using data from 8,320 husbands’ self reports for the 2006 Urban Health Survey, this article examines the prevalence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrated by husbands against their wives in Bangladesh and identifies risk markers associated with such violence. Of the men included in the sample for this study, 55 percent reported perpetrating physical IPV against their wives at some point in their married lives, 23 perce…
Gender-Based Power and Couples’ HIV Risk in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, North India
CONTEXT: Gender inequality is a long-recognized driver of the HIV epidemic. However, few studies have investigated the association between gender-based power and HIV risk in India, which has the world's third largest HIV epidemic. METHODS: Population-based data collected in 2003 from 3,385 couples residing in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, North India, were used to examine associations between gender-based power (wife's autonomy and husband's ine…
Does postnatal care have a role in improving newborn feeding? A study in 15 sub–Saharan African countries
BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is known as a key intervention to improve newborn health and survival while prelacteal feeds (liquids other than breastmilk within 3 days of birth) represents a departure from optimal feeding practices. Recent programmatic guidelines from the WHO and UNICEF outline the need to improve newborn feeding and points to postnatal care (PNC) as a potential mechanism to do so. This study examines if PNC and type of PNC provider …
Impacts of the Malawi social cash transfer program on household food and nutrition security
The effect of cash transfers and household vulnerability on food security in Zimbabwe
Reducing Inequity in Urban Health
Bangladesh is undergoing a rapid urbanization process. About one-third of the population of major cities in the country live in slums, which are areas that exhibit pronounced concentrations of factors that negatively affect health and nutrition. People living in slums face greater challenge to improve their health than other parts of the country, which fuels the growing intra-urban health inequities. Two rounds of the Bangladesh Urban Health Surv…
Paying for Happiness
This study analyzes the short-term impact of an exogenous, positive income shock on caregivers' subjective well-being (SWB) in Malawi using panel data from 3,365 households targeted to receive Malawi's Social Cash Transfer Program that provides unconditional cash to ultra-poor, labor-constrained households. The study consists of a cluster-randomized, longitudinal design. After the baseline survey, half of these village clusters were randomly sele…
Cash Transfers, Early Marriage, and Fertility in Malawi and Zambia
There is increasing interest in the ability of cash transfers to facilitate safe transitions to adulthood in low‐income settings; however, evidence from scaled‐up government programming demonstrating this potential is scarce. Using two experimental evaluations of unconditional cash transfers targeted to ultra‐poor and labor‐constrained households over approximately three years in Malawi and Zambia, we examine whether cash transfers delayed early …
Government of Malawi's unconditional cash transfer improves youth mental health
We explore the impacts of Malawi's national unconditional cash transfer program targeting ultra-poor households on youth mental health. Experimental findings show that the program significantly improved mental health outcomes. Among girls in particular, the program reduces indications of depression by about 15 percentage points. We investigate the contribution of different possible pathways to the overall program impact, including education, heal…
Beneficios de pertenecer a una organización cafetalera
Este artículo analiza con datos de corte transversal, si productores de café con tierras de cultivo en condiciones biofísicas heterogéneas y características socioeconómicas distintas, en el municipio de Santa María Yucuhiti, Oaxaca, tienen mayores posibilidades de acceder a crédito y a mejores prácticas de manejo productivo en un contexto de producción orgánica que les permita obtener precios más altos, incrementar su producción y reducir la pres…
A cash plus program reduces youth exposure to physical violence in Zimbabwe
Violence against children and adolescents, a highly prevalent problem, is a clear violation of child rights and has detrimental effects on later life outcomes. Programs that alleviate poverty address a structural determinant of child vulnerability and can thereby reduce child abuse. This paper investigates whether the Government of Zimbabwe's Harmonized Social Cash Transfer (HSCT) Program, which combines cash transfers with complementary services…
Impact of the ‘Seguro Médico Siglo XXI’ medical insurance programme on neonatal and infant mortality in Mexico, 2006–14
The ‘Seguro Médico Siglo XXI’ (SMSXXI), a universal coverage medical insurance programme for children under 5 years of age, started in 2006 to help avoid catastrophic health expenditures in poor families without social security in Mexico. The study used information from the National Health Information System for the 2006–14 period. An ecological approach was followed with a panel of the 2457 municipalities of Mexico as the units of analysis. The …
Crowding-out or crowding-in? Effects of Leap 1000 unconditional cash transfer program on household and community support among women in rural Ghana
Knowledge of and access to frontline workers among poor, rural households in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Background Social protection programmes have effectively reduced poverty and improved food security. However, the effects of poverty require an intersectoral approach to adequately address poor nutrition and health. Identifying gaps in knowledge and access to frontline workers who oversee these integrations is critical for understanding the potential for integrated social protection programming to improve these outcomes. We measured levels of soc…
‘She showed me a new path, a way forward’
Mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, are a common comorbidity among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) living with HIV. Informed by social support theory, health navigation is a strengths-based intervention that has been demonstrated to improve HIV care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore how health navigation influences the mental health of GBMSM living with HIV. We analyzed longitudinal…
Estimating the effects of Covid-19 on essential health services utilization in Uganda and Bangladesh using data from routine health information systems
Background: Since March 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a major shock to health systems across the world. We examined national usage patterns for selected basic, essential health services, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda and Bangladesh, to determine whether COVID-19 affected reporting of service utilization and the use of health services in each country. Methods: We used routine health information…
HIV Treatment and Mental Health Outcomes Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in a Pilot Multicomponent Intervention in Guatemala City
Globally, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, but few interventions address mental health and HIV outcomes among GBMSM living with HIV. The purpose of this study was to pilot a multicomponent intervention, integrating emotional well-being (EW) and health navigation for GBMSM living with HIV in Guatemala City. We implemented a 12-month intervention, including a four-session EW componen…
Impact of a School‐Based Nutrition Intervention in Preventing Overweight and Obesity in Children in Thailand
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the impact of a school-based nutrition program on preventing overweight and obesity in children in Thailand from 2014 to 2019. METHODS: We used difference-in-differences with matched comparison group to evaluate program impact. Treatment schools were categorized into those that participated in phase 1 only, and those that participated in phase 1 and 2. We matched 311 treatment schools in phase 1 only with 1504 com…
Medicine (25 works) · Economics (20 works) · Environmental health (20 works) · Global Maternal and Child Health (17 works) · Economic growth (16 works) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (14 works) · Psychology (14 works) · Business (13 works) · Population (13 works) · Demography (12 works)