J Gershuny
Biographic Data
| ID | 28512 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Gershuny |
| GIVEN NAMES | J |
| FAMILY NAME | Gershuny |
| SIGNATURE | GERSHUNY J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Oxford |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5011-0257 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 64 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1043 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 64 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 17 |
Estilo de vida, estructura económica y uso del tiempo
Es fácil olvidar la naturaleza paradójica del desempleo. Por una parte, hay personas con cualificación y aptitudes que tienen al menos el potencial necesario para la producción de bienes y servicios útiles y que no lo aprovechan (y también instalaciones industriales y de servicios sin utilizar). Por otra parte, hay necesidades desatendidas, personas que viven en estado de carencia. Es indudable que hay fuertes razones económicas para este desfase…
The social disorganization of eating
Contemporary urban Australians are spending less time in organized shared meals. These changes have occurred the over same period during which there has been a public health concern about the prevalence of unhealthy weight. Preliminary indications are that societies that emphasize eating as a commensal, shared activity through maintaining definite, generous lunch breaks and prioritizing eating at mealtimes, achieve better public health outcomes. …
Daily metabolic expenditures
Comparative studies of energy expenditure based on harmonised time use activity categories could provide insight into the relative importance of different activities for energy expenditure across different countries and demographic groups. However, new observational studies combining TUS data with accelerometer, direct observation and other measures of activity intensity are required for more accurate MET assignments to activity categories in TUS
A validation study of the Eurostat harmonised European time use study (Hetus) diary using wearable technology
The comparison of the diary with the camera and accelerometer records strongly supports using diary methodology for studying the full range of daily activity, particularly at aggregate levels. Accelerometer data could be combined with diary measures to improve estimation of METs equivalents for various types of active and sedentary behaviour
Testing Self-Report Time-Use Diaries against Objective Instruments in Real Time
This study provides a new test of time-use diary methodology, comparing diaries with a pair of objective criterion measures: wearable cameras and accelerometers. A volunteer sample of respondents ( n = 148) completed conventional self-report paper time-use diaries using the standard UK Harmonised European Time Use Study (HETUS) instrument. On the diary day, respondents wore a camera that continuously recorded images of their activities during wak…
The Social Structure of Time
Research on time use has seen several major developments in recent years. These include the adoption of exciting new technologies (e.g., smartphones, wearable Global Positioning System devices) that track behavior in real time, as well as a growing international database-the Multinational Time Use Study-that has surpassed one million days' worth of harmonized time-diary data. These developments are transforming our understanding of the social pat…
Improving Stylised Working Time Estimates with Time Diary Data
Accurate working time estimates represent an important component of the statistical toolbox used for economics forecasting and policy-making. The relatively good availability of such estimates may sometimes induce researchers to take them for granted and see their reliability as largely unproblematic. There is however a growing body of evidence showing that measurement errors may affect their robustness and quality, especially as far as specific …
Stalled or Uneven Gender Revolution? A Long‐Term Processual Framework for Understanding Why Change Is Slow
Recently much attention has been focused on whether the gender transformation of paid and unpaid work in society referred to as the gender revolution has hit a wall, or at least stalled. In this article, we discuss key trends in the gender division of labor across 13 developed countries over a 50‐year period. These trends show little decisive evidence for a stall but rather a continuing, if uneven, long‐term trend in the direction of greater gend…
Speed-Up Society? Evidence from the UK 2000 and 2015 Time Use Diary Surveys
Using time diary evidence on change in the frequency and distribution of activities from UK time diary data over the 15 years from the turn of the 21st century, we assess whether the thesis of 'the speed-up society' is manifested in an increase in time intensity in people's daily lives. Comparing indictors like time fragmentation, multitasking and ICT use, to respondents' reports of how rushed they normally feel, we find no evidence that time pre…
Using New Technologies for Time Diary Data Collection
Recent years have witnessed a steady growth of time-use research, driven by the increased research and policy interest in population activity patterns and their associations with long-term outcomes. There is recent interest in moving beyond traditional paper-administered time diaries to use new technologies for data collection in order to reduce respondent burden and administration costs, and to improve data quality. This paper presents two novel…
Attaching metabolic expenditures to standard occupational classification systems
We developed a clear and replicable procedure to calculate occupational activity for all ISCO-08 occupations. All of our calculations are attached to this manuscript which other researchers may use, replicate and refine
L'évolution des usages du temps
Les débats récents sur les conséquences de la robotisation sur l'emploi (combien restera-t-il d'emplois non automatisés ?) posent en filigrane la question de la capacité des sociétés modernes à offrir un emploi à chacun à temps plein. Le temps de travail diminue-t-il nécessairement avec le progrès technologique et le développement économique ? C'est pour répondre à cette question que Jonathan Gershuny et Kimberly Fisher ont étudié les résultats d…
Housework Now Takes Much Less Time
Based on her analysis of published tables from US homemakers' 1924–32 week-long time use diaries collected by the US Department of Agriculture, Vanek (1974) concluded that housework time had not declined over the previous half-century—despite the diffusion of many "time-saving" home technologies. Although frequently challenged, this claim still survives in parts of the sociological literature; we use newly available evidence to refute it. Analysi…
Change in Spousal Human Capital and Housework
We bring a novel, longitudinal, perspective to an ongoing series of influential papers that investigates the relationship between housework, marital bargaining, and spousal resources. For the first time, we believe, in this long debate, we combine a longitudinal perspective with a measure of resources—human capital—that provides an indicator of the likely economic bargaining power of the non-employed, thereby enabling their inclusion in analysis.…
Time Use Research
Time Use Research Methods
National Utility
This article applies a sociologically informed theoretical perspective on time allocation— assuming that choices are made by actors who are embedded within constrained sequences of daily activity—in empirical estimations of mean and marginal utilities for a comprehensive list of daily activities. It uses data from two time diary surveys, one from the USA and one from the UK, which register the respondents ’ levels of enjoyment of each diary event…
Domestic outsourcing and multitasking
Calibrating Time-Use Estimates for the British Household Panel Survey
Leisure Inequality in the United States
This article exploits the complex sequential structure of the diary data in the American Heritage Time Use Study (AHTUS) and constructs three classes of indicators that capture the quality of leisure (pure leisure, co-present leisure, and leisure fragmentation) to show that the relative growth in leisure time enjoyed by low-educated individuals documented in previous studies has been accompanied by a relative decrease in the quality of that leisu…
Gender Convergence in Domestic Work
Cross-national trends in paid and unpaid work time over the last 40 years reveal a slow and incomplete convergence of women's and men's work patterns. A simplistic extrapolation would indicate a 70-80 year process of gender convergence, with the year 2010 representing an approximate mid-point. However, in conformity with the expectations of gender theory, time use data show that gender segregation in domestic work is quite persistent over time. W…
Increasing Paid Work Time? A New Puzzle for Multinational Time-diary Research
Spending Time Together—Changes Over Four Decades in Leisure Time Spent with a Spouse
Using American time diary data from 1965, 1975 and 2003, this study investigates to what extent couples' joint leisure time has changed in the past four decades and to what extent joint leisure time varies between men and women and between single and dual-earner couples. Results show that partners now spend more time together engaged in various leisure activities than they did in the past, not only in percentages but also in absolute number of mi…
Trends in Free Time with a Partner
Veblen in Reverse
The informal economy
Gender Convergence in Domestic Work
Cross-national trends in paid and unpaid work time over the last 40 years reveal a slow and incomplete convergence of women's and men's work patterns. A simplistic extrapolation would indicate a 70-80 year process of gender convergence, with the year 2010 representing an approximate mid-point. However, in conformity with the expectations of gender theory, time use data show that gender segregation in domestic work is quite persistent over time. W…
Time Use, Gender, and Public Policy Regimes
A number of general features of interest in a social policy context emerge from the evidence for changes in patterns of time use. The question that we address here is: is it possible to specify public policy regime effects on patterns of time use? Some hypotheses are advanced concerning likely patterns of relationship between the liberal and social-democratic public policy regimes and the use of time in these societies. The data used are drawn fr…
Historical changes in the household division of labor
A number of studies published in the 1970s asserted that the amount of time women spend doing housework shows no historical decline. This article draws on evidence from time-budget surveys—three from the United States (1965, 1975, and 1985) and three from the United Kingdom (1961, 1974, and 1984)—to investigate the evolution of housework time for men and women over the last three decades. Clearly much other than housework has changed over this pe…
Stalled or Uneven Gender Revolution? A Long‐Term Processual Framework for Understanding Why Change Is Slow
Recently much attention has been focused on whether the gender transformation of paid and unpaid work in society referred to as the gender revolution has hit a wall, or at least stalled. In this article, we discuss key trends in the gender division of labor across 13 developed countries over a 50‐year period. These trends show little decisive evidence for a stall but rather a continuing, if uneven, long‐term trend in the direction of greater gend…
Post-Industrial Society
Cross-national changes in time-use
The paper addresses some macro-sociological questions about changes in broad categories of time-use. The focus is on large-scale cross-national time trends from developed countries in paid and unpaid work, and leisure. Reference is made to some well-known sociological and historical accounts of such change, and to the fact that time-use diary data has only relatively recently become available for analysing trends over time. The data used are draw…
Busyness as the Badge of Honor for the New Superordinate Working Class
Jonathan Gershuny Busyness as the Badge of Honor for the New Superordinate Working Class 1. ON THE RATING OF A SUBJECTIVE STATE “BUSYNESS” PLAINLY RELATES TO EXTERNALLY OBSERVABLE WORK OR leisure activities, but the state itself is entirely subjective. I will argue in what follows that there may have been fundamental changes in the connection between the external circumstances of work and leisure and internal feelings of “busyness.” Through the l…
Exit, Voice, and Suffering
What is the long-term effect of the emerging predominance of the dual-earner family? This study uses data from 3 national household panel surveys-the British Household Panel Survey (N= 16,044), the German Socioeconomic Panel (N= 14,164), and the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics (N = 7,423)-which provide, for the first time, clear and direct longitudinal evidence of change in the balance of domestic labor within couples: evidence that women mak…
The Social Structure of Time
Research on time use has seen several major developments in recent years. These include the adoption of exciting new technologies (e.g., smartphones, wearable Global Positioning System devices) that track behavior in real time, as well as a growing international database-the Multinational Time Use Study-that has surpassed one million days' worth of harmonized time-diary data. These developments are transforming our understanding of the social pat…
Gender Convergence in the American Heritage Time use Study (Ahtus)
Domestic outsourcing and multitasking
Speed-Up Society? Evidence from the UK 2000 and 2015 Time Use Diary Surveys
Using time diary evidence on change in the frequency and distribution of activities from UK time diary data over the 15 years from the turn of the 21st century, we assess whether the thesis of 'the speed-up society' is manifested in an increase in time intensity in people's daily lives. Comparing indictors like time fragmentation, multitasking and ICT use, to respondents' reports of how rushed they normally feel, we find no evidence that time pre…
Leisure Inequality in the United States
This article exploits the complex sequential structure of the diary data in the American Heritage Time Use Study (AHTUS) and constructs three classes of indicators that capture the quality of leisure (pure leisure, co-present leisure, and leisure fragmentation) to show that the relative growth in leisure time enjoyed by low-educated individuals documented in previous studies has been accompanied by a relative decrease in the quality of that leisu…
Increasing Paid Work Time? A New Puzzle for Multinational Time-diary Research
Trends in Free Time with a Partner
Inconspicuous Consumption
Addressing the relationship between consumption behaviour, leisure time and the market, we seek a solution to the problem of the maintenance of consumption expenditure in economies where leisure time is shortest for those who have the most to spend, a contradiction particularly characteristic of societies belonging to the politico-economic regime type identified as ‘liberal market’. In contrast to ideas of conspicuous consumption based on display…
Are we running out of time
Change in Spousal Human Capital and Housework
We bring a novel, longitudinal, perspective to an ongoing series of influential papers that investigates the relationship between housework, marital bargaining, and spousal resources. For the first time, we believe, in this long debate, we combine a longitudinal perspective with a measure of resources—human capital—that provides an indicator of the likely economic bargaining power of the non-employed, thereby enabling their inclusion in analysis.…
Spending Time Together—Changes Over Four Decades in Leisure Time Spent with a Spouse
Using American time diary data from 1965, 1975 and 2003, this study investigates to what extent couples' joint leisure time has changed in the past four decades and to what extent joint leisure time varies between men and women and between single and dual-earner couples. Results show that partners now spend more time together engaged in various leisure activities than they did in the past, not only in percentages but also in absolute number of mi…
Web Use and Net Nerds
Journal Article Web Use and Net Nerds: A Neofunctionalist Analysis of the Impact of Information Technology in the Home Get access Jonathan Gershuny Jonathan Gershuny University of Essex Direct correspondence to Jonathan Gershuny, University of Essex. E-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 82, Issue 1, September 2003, Pages 141–168, https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.20…
Veblen in Reverse
Testing Self-Report Time-Use Diaries against Objective Instruments in Real Time
This study provides a new test of time-use diary methodology, comparing diaries with a pair of objective criterion measures: wearable cameras and accelerometers. A volunteer sample of respondents ( n = 148) completed conventional self-report paper time-use diaries using the standard UK Harmonised European Time Use Study (HETUS) instrument. On the diary day, respondents wore a camera that continuously recorded images of their activities during wak…
The Changing Work/Leisure Balance in Britain, 1961-1984
Scenarios of world development
The Non-paradox of Swing
The ‘paradox’ of swing resides in the expectation that ‘if national influences were completely paramount,. swings would not involve identical fractions of the total vote or electorate in each constituency, but a fraction proportional to the prior strength of the party that was losing ground’. The mass of the evidence is however that swings are virtually equal across constituencies. The intention here is to demonstrate that the ‘prior proportional…
The choice of scenarios
Post-Industrial Society
After Industrial Society
Policymaking rationality
Scenarios of world development
Standing on each other's shoulders
Transport Forecasting
There is no one single future to be forecast. The future is, to a greater or lesser extent, determined by our own actions; to the extent that we have discretion in our activities we must think, not of the future but of alternative possible futures. This is particularly important in the case of transport, which has been seen over the last century to be a major causal variable in the pattern of social change; in choosing a future transport system w…
The informal economy
After Industrial Society
Facing the Future
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Social innovation
The Changing Work/Leisure Balance in Britain, 1961-1984
Leisure
Two quite contrasting and contradictory views are found in current discussion of the changing pattern of leisure time, the first being that we must face up to the prospect of a continuing, and perhaps increasing, high level of involuntary leisure — unemployement —, and the second being that we have too little leisure — we attempt to fit too many consumption activities into too little time. This paper attempts to find out whether these views are m…
Time Use and the Dynamics of the Service Sector
This article looks at the historical dynamics of service provision from a rather unusual perspective - the change of patterns of time use. It discusses a mechanism whereby activity patterns in 'the economy' may be accounted for in terms of time rather than money, and shows how this form of economic activity is associated with other ('extra-economic') sorts of productive and leisure activities. It presents time-budget data, from a number of differ…
Technology, Social Innovation, and the Informal Economy
Unpaid work in the home is an important contributor to national wealth: very nearly half of all work in a modern economy takes place outside the formal economy. A major effect of new technology is to increase the extent of informal production through the development of new productive equipment for installation in private households. Domestic production becomes more efficient, and the pattern of demand for commodities from the formal economy is ch…
Estilo de vida, estructura económica y uso del tiempo
Es facil olvidar la naturaleza paradojica del desempleo. Por una parte, hay personas con cualificacion y aptitudes que tienen al menos el potencial necesario para la produccion de bienes y servicios utiles y que no lo aprovechan (y tambien instalaciones industriales y de servicios sin utilizar). Por otra parte, hay necesidades desatendidas, personas que viven en estado de carencia. Es indudable que hay fuertes razones economicas para este desfase…
Technical change and the work/leisure balance
Lifestyle economics
Historical changes in the household division of labor
A number of studies published in the 1970s asserted that the amount of time women spend doing housework shows no historical decline. This article draws on evidence from time-budget surveys—three from the United States (1965, 1975, and 1985) and three from the United Kingdom (1961, 1974, and 1984)—to investigate the evolution of housework time for men and women over the last three decades. Clearly much other than housework has changed over this pe…
Whatever Happened to Social Indicators? A Symposium
Twenty years ago the publication of Toward a Social Report by the United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare was hailed as a major forward step in developing indicators of conditions in society into a national system of social accounting of relevance to public policy. The resulting social indicators movement quickly mobilized able social scientists to produce a variety of indicators monitoring trends in their society, and internati…
Time Budgets as Social Indicators
The social indicators movement sought to establish a system of social accounting that was broader than the money-based national income accounts. Specialized studies of social trends in housing, health, crime, and so forth could be successful in illuminating a specific area of social life, but together they became obstacles to the achievement of the ideal of an integrated set of social accounts. Even if crime and housing have a relationship the st…
Handling Work History Data in Standard Statistical Packages
Are we running out of time
Reply from J.I. Gershuny
Economics (40 works) · Sociology (38 works) · Political science (27 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (22 works) · Computer Science (21 works) · Work-Family Balance Challenges (19 works) · Psychology (18 works) · Medicine (16 works) · Work (physics (14 works) · Demographic economics (13 works)