Anne Lise Ellingsæter
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 300421 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Anne Lise Ellingsæter |
| NOMBRES | Anne Lise |
| APELLIDO | Ellingsæter |
| FIRMA | ELLINGSÆTER A L |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Oslo |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0458-5731 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 42 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 285 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 4 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1993 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Towards more gender equal parental time allocation
Norsk fruktbarhetsdebatt gjennom fem tiår
Denne historiske studien belyser hvordan endringer i fruktbarheten i Norge er blitt fortolket i offentligheten fra midten av 1970-årene til i dag. Analysen bygger på artikler fra riksdekkende aviser, og perspektiver fra politisk demografi og begrepet demografiske forestillinger blir anvendt. Alarm om «for lav» fruktbarhet, med reproduksjonsraten på 2,1 barn per kvinne som norm, har vedvart siden midten av 1970-årene, først oppfattet som en trusse…
Nordic Earner-Carer Politics
This insightful book provides a comprehensive comparative historical analysis of the formation and evolution of Nordic earner-carer policies over five decades. Spanning parental leave, father quotas, daycare services, and cash for childcare allowances, it explores the key roles that ideas and political parties play in the policy reform process.
Enabling family policies, changing gender norms
Father politics belongs to different ‘worlds’, according to Michael Rush. The Nordic ‘world’ has developed better opportunities for fathers’ involvement in unpaid family work than other Western countries, thus lessening the gap between increasing social expectations and fathers’ practices. In recent decades, Norwegian fathers have increased the time they spend on childcare and housework. This article explores the role of fathers’ education in gen…
Resisting or maintaining gender inequality? Wedding traditions among Norwegian millennials
Historically, wedding traditions have reflected unequal power dynamics between women and men. Anglo-American studies suggest that despite growing gender equality in society and preferences for egalitarian marriages among young adults, wedding traditions perpetuate patriarchal ideas. This article explores this puzzle in the Nordic context. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with Norwegian millennials, 27 women and men, who were soon to be…
How does parental time relate to social class in a Nordic welfare state
Time intensive parenting has spread in Western countries. This study contributes to the literature on parental time use, aiming to deepen our understanding of the relationship between parental childcare time and social class. Based on time-diary data (2010-2011) from Norway, and a concept of social class that links parents' amount and composition of economic and cultural capital, we examine the time spent by parents on childcare activities. The a…
Den «uferdige» revolusjonen
Den «uferdige» revolusjonen henspiller på at kvinners tid til lønnsarbeid har endret seg mer enn menns tid til ubetalt husarbeid og omsorg for barn. For å få en bedre forståelse av drivkreftene bak disse endringene trenges mer kunnskap om hvordan utviklingen berører forskjellige grupper. I denne artikkelen undersøker vi norske fedres familiearbeid fra 1980 til 2010 med særlig vekt på betydningen av deres utdanningsnivå. Analysen, som er basert på…
Conflicting Policy Feedback
This study aims to advance the understanding of drivers of fathers’ parental leave rights—a new political field and a main area of leave policy debate. Theoretically informed by the policy feedback literature, this case study of father quota policy in Norway demonstrates how conflicting political feedback processes over a quarter of a century, reflected in reforms by shifting government coalitions, have sustained tensions over the policy. The pol…
The Nordic Model of Father Quotas in Leave Policies
This contribution asks whether the most recent innovation of Nordic family policies, the so-called father quota, has been an object of policy learning in countries that followed the Nordic example of leave policies earlier, such as Germany, Slovenia, and Japan. Our case studies show that analyses of policy learning, especially in the social field, need to take into account the specific contexts and actor constellations in “export” and “import” co…
Fedrekvotepolitikkens dynamikk
Fedrekvoten, øremerking av en del av foreldrepermisjonen til fedre, har helt siden innføringen i 1993 vært en omstridt og viktig markør i familiepolitiske motsetninger mellom venstre- og høyresiden. Men den politiske konflikten var på et historisk lavpunkt i 2018. Da ble et tidligere kutt i fedrekvoten reversert og vedtatt med støtte på tvers av de partipolitiske skillelinjene. Likevel utløste reformen en omfattende, polarisert offentlig debatt. …
Immigrants and the ‘caring father
How do parental leave rights and interacting societal structures influence immigrant fathers’ compliance with the ‘caring father’ model—typifying Nordic welfare states? Nordic parental leave schemes differ; this study investigated the impact of the Norwegian policy. Strong, stratifying effects related to access, particularly unfavourable for non-Western immigrant fathers, were demonstrated. These effects stemmed not only from the scheme being bas…
Understanding Tradition
Marital surname change is a striking example of the survival of tradition. A practice emerging from patriarchal history has become embedded in an age of detraditionalisation and women's emancipation. Is the tradition of women's marital name change just some sort of inertia or drag, which will slowly disappear as modernity progresses, or does this tradition fulfil more contemporary roles? Are women and men just dupes to tradition, or alternatively…
Ideational struggles over women’s part-time work in Norway
High rates of part-time work have been associated with high female employment rates in the Nordic countries, except for Finland. Part-time work has played a key role in the modification of the male breadwinner gender contract by enabling women to enter paid work while continuing to take on the main domestic responsibilities. Previously tacit and little disputed, this ‘normalization’ of women’s part-time work has increasingly become a contentious …
Politicising Women's Part-Time Work in Norway
Numerous studies have expanded the understanding of part-time work as a gendered labour market phenomenon. However, there has been little research into how societies perceive women's part-time work over time. The passage of several decades since women in great numbers entered the labour market in Scandinavia, many in part-time jobs, provides an opportunity to investigate this. We examine ideas about the nature and desirability of part-time work f…
The Norwegian childcare regime and its paradoxes
Norway
The emerging earner–carer models of the Nordic welfare states, aimed at the equal engagement of mothers and fathers in paid and unpaid work, have gained extensive attention and been an exemplar in much policy debate. However, these earner–carer models have emerged through complex processes over several decades, and this chapter investigates the evolution of the Norwegian variety of the models. What makes this model particularly notable is that it…
Bryllup i avtradisjonaliseringens tidsalder
Avtradisjonalisering er et kjennetegn ved senmoderne samfunn. Utviklingen i ekteskapsinstitusjonen speiler avtradisjonaliseringsprosesser: ekteskapsratene går ned, samboerskap er blitt vanlig, flere barn fødes utenfor ekteskap og flere skiller seg. Ekteskapet har mistet sin selvfølgelige status som institusjonell ramme for samliv og foreldreskap. Men hvorfor fortsetter likevel det store flertallet å gifte seg, også i Norge, et land der avtradisjo…
Universalising Childcare, Changing Mothers' Attitudes
The way that welfare policies influence the interpretative processes of social actors is attracting increasing attention. In this article, we investigate policy change impacts on ideas mothers have about the best form of care for their children. The data are taken from representative surveys among mothers of preschool-age children in 2002 and 2010 in Norway. The surveys cover a decade of marked reforms in childcare services with regard to the sup…
Cash for childcare schemes in the Nordic welfare states
Recent family policy developments may blur conventional family policy typologies. While policies in some European welfare states are shifting away from strong male breadwinner regimes towards work–family reconciliation, the adding of cash for childcare (CFC) benefits in Nordic earner-carer welfare states points in the opposite direction. How can we understand growing family policy hybridisation? Comparison of CFC schemes in the five Nordic countr…
Kampen om familiepolitikken
Det norske familiepolitiske regimet har vært betegnet som en hybrid – en blanding av en likestilt og en tradisjonell familiepolitisk modell. Hvordan har den partipolitiske dynamikken bidratt til å forme dette regimet? Her undersøker jeg hvordan partiene har posisjonert seg når det gjelder reformer knyttet til familiepolitikkens kjerneordninger – foreldrepermisjoner, kontantstøtte og offentlig subsidierte barnehager – basert på regjerings- og stor…
Institutional Trust
In considering the systemic properties of family policies through the analytical lens of institutional trust, this study brings new insights into the relationship between family policy and fertility. In the Norwegian welfare state, trust in the family policy system permeates young adults' reasoning about having children: these adults take the family policy system for granted and trust that it will work out, in effect lowering the threshold to ent…
Nordic Earner-Carer Models - Why Stability and Instability
Earner-carer policy models aiming at the engagement of mothers and fathers in both paid and unpaid work are a hallmark of the Nordic welfare states. But they have not become uncontested policy equilibriums. Examining family policy development through the theoretical lenses of party competition and incremental change helps uncover underlying tensions and ongoing struggles. In contrast to convergence and stability in regard to moderately long paren…
Scandinavian welfare states and gender (de) segregation
High levels of gender segregation in Scandinavian labour markets have been referred to as a paradox in view of these countries’ commitment to gender equality and advancements in other areas. The status of gender segregation in these welfare states is addressed here: Are they (still) the most gender segregated? What processes drive (de)segregation? Relatively fast occupational desegregation in recent years has moved Denmark, Norway and Sweden from…
Fruktbarhetens fundament i den norske velferdsstaten
Fruktbarhetens fundament i den norske velferdsstaten Anne Lise Ellingsæter & Eirin Pedersen Relativt høye norske fødselstall forklares gjerne med en familiepolitikk som legger til rette for å kombinere jobb og barn. Men direkte statistiske sammenhenger mellom familiepolitikk og fruktbarhetsatferd kan være vanskelig å påvise. Denne studien, basert på unge voksnes egne vurderinger, trenger dypere inn i sammenhengen mellom politikk og atferd: Hvilke…
Samværsmødre
Dual Breadwinner Societies
To what extent has the traditional male provider model shifted towards a model of equal economic partnership in the Scandinavian welfare states, and how can current social practices and attitudes be explained? In contrast to much recent welfare state research, this article emphasizes differences within Scandinavia, arguing that national structural, cultural and political configurations have contributed to differences among the Scandinavian welfar…
Leave policy in the Nordic welfare states
Predicted population decline and labour shortages in European welfare states are directing attention to policy strategies that might increase women's employment and fertility rates. In this context, the Nordic welfare states' blend of high female employment rates and relatively high fertility levels stands out from others. These patterns are accompanied by comprehensive work–family policies indicating that policy reform is a main explanation. A c…
Universalising Childcare, Changing Mothers' Attitudes
The way that welfare policies influence the interpretative processes of social actors is attracting increasing attention. In this article, we investigate policy change impacts on ideas mothers have about the best form of care for their children. The data are taken from representative surveys among mothers of preschool-age children in 2002 and 2010 in Norway. The surveys cover a decade of marked reforms in childcare services with regard to the sup…
Closing the Childcare Gap
In most European countries a 'childcare gap' exists: that is, a discrepancy between the demand for and provision of childcare. Among the countries that are succeeding in closing the gap are the Nordic welfare states. Hence, knowledge abouthowchildcare provision in these countries has developed is of wide interest. This article stresses the importance of studying how the interactive processes of changing provision and demand explain the building u…
Cash for childcare schemes in the Nordic welfare states
Recent family policy developments may blur conventional family policy typologies. While policies in some European welfare states are shifting away from strong male breadwinner regimes towards work–family reconciliation, the adding of cash for childcare (CFC) benefits in Nordic earner-carer welfare states points in the opposite direction. How can we understand growing family policy hybridisation? Comparison of CFC schemes in the five Nordic countr…
Politicising Women's Part-Time Work in Norway
Numerous studies have expanded the understanding of part-time work as a gendered labour market phenomenon. However, there has been little research into how societies perceive women's part-time work over time. The passage of several decades since women in great numbers entered the labour market in Scandinavia, many in part-time jobs, provides an opportunity to investigate this. We examine ideas about the nature and desirability of part-time work f…
The complexity of family policy reform
That ‘politics matters’ has become a central assumption in the booming welfare state literature in recent years. Sometimes policies do not matter much, however. A key argument in this paper is that family policies are becoming increasingly complex and diversified, and that the practical implications of policies have to be analysed in relation to the wider social, economic and political context. In the present case study of a cash-for-care reform …
Old’ and ‘new’ politics of time to care
The social revolutions connected to postindustrialism are altering the landscape of social politics, affecting both the content and normative justification of policy reform. The changing ideational foundation of care policy is addressed in this case-study of Norway. The study examines the policy rationales of three major reforms in the 1990s concerning parents’ rights to time to care, by drawing on policy documents and parliamentary debates. A co…
How does parental time relate to social class in a Nordic welfare state
Time intensive parenting has spread in Western countries. This study contributes to the literature on parental time use, aiming to deepen our understanding of the relationship between parental childcare time and social class. Based on time-diary data (2010-2011) from Norway, and a concept of social class that links parents' amount and composition of economic and cultural capital, we examine the time spent by parents on childcare activities. The a…
Nordic Earner-Carer Models - Why Stability and Instability
Earner-carer policy models aiming at the engagement of mothers and fathers in both paid and unpaid work are a hallmark of the Nordic welfare states. But they have not become uncontested policy equilibriums. Examining family policy development through the theoretical lenses of party competition and incremental change helps uncover underlying tensions and ongoing struggles. In contrast to convergence and stability in regard to moderately long paren…
The dual strategy
Ideational Struggles over Symmetrical Parenthood
The politics of parenthood is a major battleground in disputes about gender equality. In contemporary debates on parental leave reform, notions about 'equal' parenthood and parental 'choice' compete. Earmarked leave for fathers, the so-called 'daddy quota' - a hallmark of Nordic welfare states, is increasingly being discussed in other types of welfare state. Further increases in earmarked leave is thus of interest to the policy debate in other co…
The Nordic Model of Father Quotas in Leave Policies
This contribution asks whether the most recent innovation of Nordic family policies, the so-called father quota, has been an object of policy learning in countries that followed the Nordic example of leave policies earlier, such as Germany, Slovenia, and Japan. Our case studies show that analyses of policy learning, especially in the social field, need to take into account the specific contexts and actor constellations in “export” and “import” co…
Immigrants and the ‘caring father
How do parental leave rights and interacting societal structures influence immigrant fathers’ compliance with the ‘caring father’ model—typifying Nordic welfare states? Nordic parental leave schemes differ; this study investigated the impact of the Norwegian policy. Strong, stratifying effects related to access, particularly unfavourable for non-Western immigrant fathers, were demonstrated. These effects stemmed not only from the scheme being bas…
Understanding Tradition
Marital surname change is a striking example of the survival of tradition. A practice emerging from patriarchal history has become embedded in an age of detraditionalisation and women's emancipation. Is the tradition of women's marital name change just some sort of inertia or drag, which will slowly disappear as modernity progresses, or does this tradition fulfil more contemporary roles? Are women and men just dupes to tradition, or alternatively…
Symmetriske foreldreskap politiske forhindringer
Enabling family policies, changing gender norms
Father politics belongs to different ‘worlds’, according to Michael Rush. The Nordic ‘world’ has developed better opportunities for fathers’ involvement in unpaid family work than other Western countries, thus lessening the gap between increasing social expectations and fathers’ practices. In recent decades, Norwegian fathers have increased the time they spend on childcare and housework. This article explores the role of fathers’ education in gen…
Kampen om familiepolitikken
Det norske familiepolitiske regimet har vært betegnet som en hybrid – en blanding av en likestilt og en tradisjonell familiepolitisk modell. Hvordan har den partipolitiske dynamikken bidratt til å forme dette regimet? Her undersøker jeg hvordan partiene har posisjonert seg når det gjelder reformer knyttet til familiepolitikkens kjerneordninger – foreldrepermisjoner, kontantstøtte og offentlig subsidierte barnehager – basert på regjerings- og stor…
Institutional Trust
In considering the systemic properties of family policies through the analytical lens of institutional trust, this study brings new insights into the relationship between family policy and fertility. In the Norwegian welfare state, trust in the family policy system permeates young adults' reasoning about having children: these adults take the family policy system for granted and trust that it will work out, in effect lowering the threshold to ent…
Resisting or maintaining gender inequality? Wedding traditions among Norwegian millennials
Historically, wedding traditions have reflected unequal power dynamics between women and men. Anglo-American studies suggest that despite growing gender equality in society and preferences for egalitarian marriages among young adults, wedding traditions perpetuate patriarchal ideas. This article explores this puzzle in the Nordic context. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with Norwegian millennials, 27 women and men, who were soon to be…
Fruktbarhetens fundament i den norske velferdsstaten
Fruktbarhetens fundament i den norske velferdsstaten Anne Lise Ellingsæter & Eirin Pedersen Relativt høye norske fødselstall forklares gjerne med en familiepolitikk som legger til rette for å kombinere jobb og barn. Men direkte statistiske sammenhenger mellom familiepolitikk og fruktbarhetsatferd kan være vanskelig å påvise. Denne studien, basert på unge voksnes egne vurderinger, trenger dypere inn i sammenhengen mellom politikk og atferd: Hvilke…
Conflicting Policy Feedback
This study aims to advance the understanding of drivers of fathers’ parental leave rights—a new political field and a main area of leave policy debate. Theoretically informed by the policy feedback literature, this case study of father quota policy in Norway demonstrates how conflicting political feedback processes over a quarter of a century, reflected in reforms by shifting government coalitions, have sustained tensions over the policy. The pol…
Tidsklemme» – metafor for vår tid
Women's right to work
This article addresses questions central to the conception of women's citizenship: Do women have the same right to wage work as men have? That is, do women have the same access to and chances to keep jobs as men? Is women's right to employment perceived as an individual right, disconnected from men's traditional prerogative to hold jobs as breadwinners? Women's right to work is conceptualized as a complex structural and ideological construct, sha…
Bryllup i avtradisjonaliseringens tidsalder
Avtradisjonalisering er et kjennetegn ved senmoderne samfunn. Utviklingen i ekteskapsinstitusjonen speiler avtradisjonaliseringsprosesser: ekteskapsratene går ned, samboerskap er blitt vanlig, flere barn fødes utenfor ekteskap og flere skiller seg. Ekteskapet har mistet sin selvfølgelige status som institusjonell ramme for samliv og foreldreskap. Men hvorfor fortsetter likevel det store flertallet å gifte seg, også i Norge, et land der avtradisjo…
Changing Roles
This chapter examines the validity, or limitations, of participation rates as an indicator of gender equality. The process of changing female economic roles has been particularly rapid in the Scandinavian countries, where the labor-force participation rates among women have reached the highest levels among the industrialized economies. The Scandinavian welfare states are probably often associated with a public policy supporting gender equality, w…
The dual strategy
Dual Breadwinner Societies
To what extent has the traditional male provider model shifted towards a model of equal economic partnership in the Scandinavian welfare states, and how can current social practices and attitudes be explained? In contrast to much recent welfare state research, this article emphasizes differences within Scandinavia, arguing that national structural, cultural and political configurations have contributed to differences among the Scandinavian welfar…
Women's right to work
This article addresses questions central to the conception of women's citizenship: Do women have the same right to wage work as men have? That is, do women have the same access to and chances to keep jobs as men? Is women's right to employment perceived as an individual right, disconnected from men's traditional prerogative to hold jobs as breadwinners? Women's right to work is conceptualized as a complex structural and ideological construct, sha…
Når familiepolitikk ikke virker… Om kontanstøttereformen og mødres lønnsarbeid
The complexity of family policy reform
That ‘politics matters’ has become a central assumption in the booming welfare state literature in recent years. Sometimes policies do not matter much, however. A key argument in this paper is that family policies are becoming increasingly complex and diversified, and that the practical implications of policies have to be analysed in relation to the wider social, economic and political context. In the present case study of a cash-for-care reform …
Tidsklemme» – metafor for vår tid
Politicising parenthood in Scandinavia
How to respond to the needs of working parents has become a pressing social policy issue in contemporary Western Europe. This book highlights the politicising of parenthood in the Scandinavian welfare states - focusing on the relationship between parents and the state, and the ongoing renegotiations between the public and the private. Drawing on new empirical research, leading Scandinavian academics provide an up-to-date record and critical synth…
Politicising parenthood in Scandinavia
Politicising parenthood in Scandinavia
Politicising parenthood in ScandinaviaGender relations in welfare states
How to respond to the needs of working parents has become a pressing social policy issue in contemporary Western Europe. This book highlights the politicising of parenthood in the Scandinavian welfare states, while focusing on the relationship between parents and the state, and the ongoing renegotiations between the public and the private. Drawing on new empirical research, leading Scandinavian academics provide an up-to-date record and critical …
Politicising Parenthood in Scandinavia
Talks about the politicising of parenthood in the Scandinavian welfare states. This book focuses on the relationship between parents and the state, and the renegotiations between the public and the private. It explores policy discourses, scrutinises outcomes, and presents the similarities and differences between Nordic countries.
Politicising Parenthood in Scandinavia
What is to be done about prostitution? Is it work or is it violence? Are women involved in it offenders or victims? Is it a private or a political issue? The answers to these questions depend on many factors, including where you live. This book provides a close comparison of the laws, policies and interventions in countries across Europe and Asia.
Bokomtaler
Old’ and ‘new’ politics of time to care
The social revolutions connected to postindustrialism are altering the landscape of social politics, affecting both the content and normative justification of policy reform. The changing ideational foundation of care policy is addressed in this case-study of Norway. The study examines the policy rationales of three major reforms in the 1990s concerning parents’ rights to time to care, by drawing on policy documents and parliamentary debates. A co…
Closing the Childcare Gap
In most European countries a 'childcare gap' exists: that is, a discrepancy between the demand for and provision of childcare. Among the countries that are succeeding in closing the gap are the Nordic welfare states. Hence, knowledge abouthowchildcare provision in these countries has developed is of wide interest. This article stresses the importance of studying how the interactive processes of changing provision and demand explain the building u…
Leave policy in the Nordic welfare states
Predicted population decline and labour shortages in European welfare states are directing attention to policy strategies that might increase women's employment and fertility rates. In this context, the Nordic welfare states' blend of high female employment rates and relatively high fertility levels stands out from others. These patterns are accompanied by comprehensive work–family policies indicating that policy reform is a main explanation. A c…
Symmetriske foreldreskap politiske forhindringer
Samværsmødre
Ideational Struggles over Symmetrical Parenthood
The politics of parenthood is a major battleground in disputes about gender equality. In contemporary debates on parental leave reform, notions about 'equal' parenthood and parental 'choice' compete. Earmarked leave for fathers, the so-called 'daddy quota' - a hallmark of Nordic welfare states, is increasingly being discussed in other types of welfare state. Further increases in earmarked leave is thus of interest to the policy debate in other co…
Scandinavian welfare states and gender (de) segregation
High levels of gender segregation in Scandinavian labour markets have been referred to as a paradox in view of these countries’ commitment to gender equality and advancements in other areas. The status of gender segregation in these welfare states is addressed here: Are they (still) the most gender segregated? What processes drive (de)segregation? Relatively fast occupational desegregation in recent years has moved Denmark, Norway and Sweden from…
Fruktbarhetens fundament i den norske velferdsstaten
Fruktbarhetens fundament i den norske velferdsstaten Anne Lise Ellingsæter & Eirin Pedersen Relativt høye norske fødselstall forklares gjerne med en familiepolitikk som legger til rette for å kombinere jobb og barn. Men direkte statistiske sammenhenger mellom familiepolitikk og fruktbarhetsatferd kan være vanskelig å påvise. Denne studien, basert på unge voksnes egne vurderinger, trenger dypere inn i sammenhengen mellom politikk og atferd: Hvilke…
Nordic Earner-Carer Models - Why Stability and Instability
Earner-carer policy models aiming at the engagement of mothers and fathers in both paid and unpaid work are a hallmark of the Nordic welfare states. But they have not become uncontested policy equilibriums. Examining family policy development through the theoretical lenses of party competition and incremental change helps uncover underlying tensions and ongoing struggles. In contrast to convergence and stability in regard to moderately long paren…
Institutional Trust
In considering the systemic properties of family policies through the analytical lens of institutional trust, this study brings new insights into the relationship between family policy and fertility. In the Norwegian welfare state, trust in the family policy system permeates young adults' reasoning about having children: these adults take the family policy system for granted and trust that it will work out, in effect lowering the threshold to ent…
Cash for childcare schemes in the Nordic welfare states
Recent family policy developments may blur conventional family policy typologies. While policies in some European welfare states are shifting away from strong male breadwinner regimes towards work–family reconciliation, the adding of cash for childcare (CFC) benefits in Nordic earner-carer welfare states points in the opposite direction. How can we understand growing family policy hybridisation? Comparison of CFC schemes in the five Nordic countr…
Political science (35 obras) · Social Policy and Reform Studies (31 obras) · Sociology (31 obras) · Economics (21 obras) · Law (16 obras) · Politics (16 obras) · Welfare (16 obras) · Demographic economics (14 obras) · Gender Studies (12 obras) · Welfare state (12 obras)