E Pomeroy
Biographic Data
| ID | 34007 |
|---|---|
| NAME | E Pomeroy |
| GIVEN NAMES | E |
| FAMILY NAME | Pomeroy |
| SIGNATURE | POMEROY E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6251-2165 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 163 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Conservation of the Shanidar Z Neanderthal
Conservation of fragile and fragmented archaeological remains can be essential to their preservation and study. Here, the authors use the example of the approximately 75 000-year-old Shanidar Z Neanderthal to illustrate the importance of appropriate conservation from excavation to the laboratory, and of the detailed documentation of this process, for enabling anatomical and taphonomic research
A first report on the conservation of the Shanidar A Neanderthal
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Cranio-cervical integration and the role of posture
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Competing demands on adult children
Population ageing is increasing the demand for informal care, heightening the importance of adult children as potential carers to their older parents. Adult children, however, may be subject to competing demands for informal care provision when individual characteristics, such as gender and employment status, combine with household level characteristics, such as the presence of young children or vulnerable family members. Previous research often …
Dental caries as indicators of agricultural practices in the foothills of Neolithic China
Excavating the archives
En 1960, un remarquable assemblage d'ossements de quatre Néandertaliens (appelés Shanidar 4, 6, 8 et 9) fut découvert dans la grotte de Shanidar, au Kurdistan irakien. Cependant, leur fragilité et leur extraction en bloc ont engendré une perte d'information concernant les positions relatives des squelettes et la chronologie de leur dépôt. Ralph Solecki, qui a dirigé les fouilles, a décrit d'autres restes humains laissés dans le mur est adjacent à…
Communication invitée du thèmeLa lignée néandertalienne
The skeletal remains of 10 Neanderthal men, women and children found by Ralph Solecki’s team at Shanidar Cave (Iraqi Kurdistan) between 1951 and 1960 have played a major role in debates concerning our understanding of Neanderthal morphology and behaviour. Shanidar 1’s multiple injuries and physical impairments, and Shanidar 3’s projectile wound, have been interpreted as evidence for Neanderthal compassion, while the famous ‘Flower burial’ (Shanid…
Estimating intralimb proportions for commingled remains
Intralimb proportions provide insights into growth, development, populations history, and adaptation across human groups. However, the conventional approach of calculating brachial and crural indices for individual skeletons and comparing assemblages using sample means is not feasible in commingled remains. This study aims to assess the reliability of an “aggregate method” based on the ratio of sample means of limb bone lengths as an alternative …
Changing care provision in times of changing contexts
The COVID-19 pandemic imposed the suspension of many care services, and families had to choose between adhering to lockdown measures or caring for vulnerable relatives. This study revisits the Informal Care Model by explicitly incorporating the role of changing circumstances during the pandemic to understand care provision by adult children. Using nationally representative data from the UK, statistical analyses reveal that the usual suspects, suc…
Shanidar et ses fleurs? Reflections on the palynology of the Neanderthal ‘Flower Burial’ hypothesis
Pollen clumps associated with the skeleton of the Shanidar 4 Neanderthal were interpreted by the excavator as evidence for a purposeful burial with flowers. This was one of several findings from Shanidar Cave that helped to shape modern perceptions of Neanderthals as sharing empathic characteristics with Middle Palaeolithic Homo sapiens (modern humans). Here the available evidence is reviewed critically from a palynological viewpoint. It seems li…
Cooking in caves
Research on Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer diet has focused on the consumption of animals. Evidence for the use of plant foods is comparatively limited but is rapidly expanding. The authors present an analysis of carbonised macro-remains of processed plants from Franchthi Cave in the Aegean Basin and Shanidar Cave in the north-west Zagros Mountains. Microscopic examination of the charred food remains reveals the use of pounded pulses as a common in…
Le Moustérien du Zagros
Comprehensive analysis of the association of seasonal variability with maternal and neonatal nutrition in lowland Nepal
Objective: To provide a comprehensive seasonal analysis of pregnant mothers’ eating behaviour and maternal/newborn nutritional status in an undernourished population from lowland rural Nepal, where weather patterns, agricultural labour, food availability and disease prevalence vary seasonally. Design: Secondary analysis of cluster-randomised Low Birth Weight South Asia Trial data, applying cosinor analysis to predict seasonal patterns. Outcomes: …
Advocating for a Collaborative Research Approach on Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma
Diet and Lifestyle in the First Villages of the Middle Preceramic
We present stable isotope and osteological data from human remains at Paloma, Chilca I, La Yerba III, and Morro I that offer new evidence for diet, lifestyle, and habitual mobility in the first villages that proliferated along the arid Pacific coast of South America (ca. 6000 cal BP). The data not only reaffirm the dietary primacy of marine protein for this period but also show evidence at Paloma of direct access interactions between the coast an…
Life, death, and the destruction of architecture
Issues of theory and method in the analysis of Paleolithic mortuary behavior
Mortuary behavior (activities concerning dead conspecifics) is one of many traits that were previously widely considered to have been uniquely human, but on which perspectives have changed markedly in recent years. Theoretical approaches to hominin mortuary activity and its evolution have undergone major revision, and advances in diverse archeological and paleoanthropological methods have brought new ways of identifying behaviors such as intentio…
The funerary use of caves during the Holocene in the Atlantic Western Pyrenees
The human remains from the Lumentxa cave (Lekeitio, Biscay, Northern Iberian Peninsula)
Can bony labyrinth dimensions predict biological sex in archaeological samples
Osipov and colleagues [American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2(151) 2013] previously posited that the dimensions of the bony labyrinth exhibit sexual dimorphism. Using a recent sample of known sex, they produced an age-independent, multivariate equation to predict biological sex using several of these dimensions. We aim to test the applicability of this equation to archaeological samples, where the method could prove useful with poorly prese…
Sea, sickness and cautionary tales
During the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, Spanish ships sailed around the globe connecting Spain to its colonies. While documentary records offer rich details concerning life on board ship, archaeological information is essential to generating a full picture of the past. The cemetery at Old St Bernard's Hospital, Gibraltar, provides an opportunity to study the skeletal remains of sailors. Following previous osteological research, carbon, nitr…
New Neanderthal remains associated with the 'flower burial' at Shanidar Cave
Homo sapiens in Arabia by 85,000 years ago
Over Rock and Under Stone
Research in the Andes has yielded evidence for a complex association between settlement sites and mortuary monuments, tied to concepts of death, ancestor veneration and water. The Huaylas-Inca and later Spanish colonial site of Kipia in the Cordillera Negra of the Ancash Highlands, North-Central Andes is a multi-faceted site, that contains a small settlement core, and a cosmological centre which includes carved rocks (huancas), niches and offerin…
Death in the sun
In 2014, during construction work at the ex-Civil Hospital in Gibraltar, excavations led by the Gibraltar Museum revealed a major, previously unknown burial ground containing more than 200 skeletons. We present the historical, archaeological and radiometric dating evidence from the site alongside the results of initial osteological analyses. The data indicate that the burials pertain to an earlier 16th-century Spanish hospice, and therefore stand…
New Neanderthal remains associated with the 'flower burial' at Shanidar Cave
Estimation of stature and body mass from the skeleton among coastal and mid‐altitude andean populations
Adult stature and body mass represent fundamental biological characteristics of individuals and populations, as they are relevant to a range of problems from assessing nutrition and health to longer term evolutionary processes. Stature and body mass estimation from skeletal dimensions are therefore key to addressing biological and social questions about past populations. Anatomical reconstruction provides the most direct proxy for living stature …
Cooking in caves
Research on Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer diet has focused on the consumption of animals. Evidence for the use of plant foods is comparatively limited but is rapidly expanding. The authors present an analysis of carbonised macro-remains of processed plants from Franchthi Cave in the Aegean Basin and Shanidar Cave in the north-west Zagros Mountains. Microscopic examination of the charred food remains reveals the use of pounded pulses as a common in…
Newly discovered Neanderthal remains from Shanidar Cave, Iraqi Kurdistan, and their attribution to Shanidar 5
Sexual dimorphism in diaphyseal cross-sectional shape in the medieval Muslim population of Écija, Spain, and Anglo-Saxon Great Chesterford, UK
Differences in adult male and female activity patterns may influence levels of sexual dimorphism in physical dimensions, including the cross-sectional shape of long bone diaphyses. Previous studies of archaeological populations have demonstrated significant differences in diaphyseal shape between males and females. In this study, dimorphism in external diaphyseal shape of upper and lower limb bones (reflected in indices of external diaphyseal dia…
Relationship between body mass, lean mass, fat mass, and limb bone cross‐sectional geometry
OBJECTIVES: Estimating body mass from skeletal dimensions is widely practiced, but methods for estimating its components (lean and fat mass) are poorly developed. The ability to estimate these characteristics would offer new insights into the evolution of body composition and its variation relative to past and present health. This study investigates the potential of long bone cross-sectional properties as predictors of body, lean, and fat mass. M…
Biomechanical insights into activity and long distance trade in the south-central Andes (AD 500–1450)
Diet and Lifestyle in the First Villages of the Middle Preceramic
We present stable isotope and osteological data from human remains at Paloma, Chilca I, La Yerba III, and Morro I that offer new evidence for diet, lifestyle, and habitual mobility in the first villages that proliferated along the arid Pacific coast of South America (ca. 6000 cal BP). The data not only reaffirm the dietary primacy of marine protein for this period but also show evidence at Paloma of direct access interactions between the coast an…
Shanidar et ses fleurs? Reflections on the palynology of the Neanderthal ‘Flower Burial’ hypothesis
Pollen clumps associated with the skeleton of the Shanidar 4 Neanderthal were interpreted by the excavator as evidence for a purposeful burial with flowers. This was one of several findings from Shanidar Cave that helped to shape modern perceptions of Neanderthals as sharing empathic characteristics with Middle Palaeolithic Homo sapiens (modern humans). Here the available evidence is reviewed critically from a palynological viewpoint. It seems li…
Relationships of maternal and paternal anthropometry with neonatal body size, proportions and adiposity in an Australian cohort
The patterns of association between maternal or paternal and neonatal phenotype may offer insight into how neonatal characteristics are shaped by evolutionary processes, such as conflicting parental interests in fetal investment and obstetric constraints. Paternal interests are theoretically served by maximizing fetal growth, and maternal interests by managing investment in current and future offspring, but whether paternal and maternal influence…
Birth month associations with height, head circumference, and limb lengths among peruvian children
Associations between season of birth and body size, morbidity, and mortality have been widely documented, but it is unclear whether different parts of the body are differentially sensitive, and if such effects persist through childhood. This may be relevant to understanding the relationship between early life environment and body size and proportions. We investigated associations between birth month and anthropometry among rural highland ( n = 16…
A metric study of three types of artificial cranial modification from north-central Peru
Artificial cranial modification (ACM) involves the alteration of cranial vault shape by cultural means, and is performed during infancy while the cranial bones remain soft and malleable. The direction of normal cranial growth is altered through the application of external forces. In this study, three types of ACM from north-central Peru (posterior flattening, bilobed and circumferential) were analysed using standard craniometric techniques. The a…
Over Rock and Under Stone
Research in the Andes has yielded evidence for a complex association between settlement sites and mortuary monuments, tied to concepts of death, ancestor veneration and water. The Huaylas-Inca and later Spanish colonial site of Kipia in the Cordillera Negra of the Ancash Highlands, North-Central Andes is a multi-faceted site, that contains a small settlement core, and a cosmological centre which includes carved rocks (huancas), niches and offerin…
Can bony labyrinth dimensions predict biological sex in archaeological samples
Osipov and colleagues [American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2(151) 2013] previously posited that the dimensions of the bony labyrinth exhibit sexual dimorphism. Using a recent sample of known sex, they produced an age-independent, multivariate equation to predict biological sex using several of these dimensions. We aim to test the applicability of this equation to archaeological samples, where the method could prove useful with poorly prese…
Sea, sickness and cautionary tales
During the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, Spanish ships sailed around the globe connecting Spain to its colonies. While documentary records offer rich details concerning life on board ship, archaeological information is essential to generating a full picture of the past. The cemetery at Old St Bernard's Hospital, Gibraltar, provides an opportunity to study the skeletal remains of sailors. Following previous osteological research, carbon, nitr…
Excavating the archives
En 1960, un remarquable assemblage d'ossements de quatre Néandertaliens (appelés Shanidar 4, 6, 8 et 9) fut découvert dans la grotte de Shanidar, au Kurdistan irakien. Cependant, leur fragilité et leur extraction en bloc ont engendré une perte d'information concernant les positions relatives des squelettes et la chronologie de leur dépôt. Ralph Solecki, qui a dirigé les fouilles, a décrit d'autres restes humains laissés dans le mur est adjacent à…
Stature estimation equations for South Asian skeletons based on DXA scans of contemporary adults
OBJECTIVES: Stature estimation from the skeleton is a classic anthropological problem, and recent years have seen the proliferation of population-specific regression equations. Many rely on the anatomical reconstruction of stature from archaeological skeletons to derive regression equations based on long bone lengths, but this requires a collection with very good preservation. In some regions, for example, South Asia, typical environmental condit…
Sexual dimorphism in diaphyseal cross-sectional shape in the medieval Muslim population of Écija, Spain, and Anglo-Saxon Great Chesterford, UK
Differences in adult male and female activity patterns may influence levels of sexual dimorphism in physical dimensions, including the cross-sectional shape of long bone diaphyses. Previous studies of archaeological populations have demonstrated significant differences in diaphyseal shape between males and females. In this study, dimorphism in external diaphyseal shape of upper and lower limb bones (reflected in indices of external diaphyseal dia…
A metric study of three types of artificial cranial modification from north-central Peru
Artificial cranial modification (ACM) involves the alteration of cranial vault shape by cultural means, and is performed during infancy while the cranial bones remain soft and malleable. The direction of normal cranial growth is altered through the application of external forces. In this study, three types of ACM from north-central Peru (posterior flattening, bilobed and circumferential) were analysed using standard craniometric techniques. The a…
Trade-Offs in Relative Limb Length among Peruvian Children
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Both the concept of 'brain-sparing' growth and associations between relative lower limb length, childhood environment and adult disease risk are well established. Furthermore, tibia length is suggested to be particularly plastic under conditions of environmental stress. The mechanisms responsible are uncertain, but three hypotheses may be relevant. The 'thrifty phenotype' assumes that some components of growth are selectiv…
Estimation of stature and body mass from the skeleton among coastal and mid‐altitude andean populations
Adult stature and body mass represent fundamental biological characteristics of individuals and populations, as they are relevant to a range of problems from assessing nutrition and health to longer term evolutionary processes. Stature and body mass estimation from skeletal dimensions are therefore key to addressing biological and social questions about past populations. Anatomical reconstruction provides the most direct proxy for living stature …
Associations between arterial oxygen saturation, body size and limb measurements among high‐altitude andean children
OBJECTIVES: The relative influences of hypoxia and other environmental stressors on growth at altitude remain unclear. Previous work demonstrated an association between peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (Sp O2 ) and anthropometry (especially tibia length) among Tibetan and Han children at altitude. We investigated whether similar associations exist among Andeans, and the patterning of associations between Sp O2 and anthropometry. METHODS: Sta…
Biomechanical insights into activity and long distance trade in the south-central Andes (AD 500–1450)
Stunting, adiposity, and the individual‐level “dual burden” among urban lowland and rural highland peruvian children
BACKGROUND: The causes of the "dual burden" of stunting and obesity remain unclear, and its existence at the individual level varies between populations. We investigate whether the individual dual burden differentially affects low socioeconomic status Peruvian children from contrasting environments (urban lowlands and rural highlands), and whether tibia length can discount the possible autocorrelation between adiposity proxies and height due to h…
Birth month associations with height, head circumference, and limb lengths among peruvian children
Associations between season of birth and body size, morbidity, and mortality have been widely documented, but it is unclear whether different parts of the body are differentially sensitive, and if such effects persist through childhood. This may be relevant to understanding the relationship between early life environment and body size and proportions. We investigated associations between birth month and anthropometry among rural highland ( n = 16…
Surname‐Inferred andean ancestry is associated with child stature and limb lengths at high altitude in P eru, but not at sea level
OBJECTIVES: Native Andean ancestry gives partial protection from reduced birthweight at high altitude in the Andes compared with European ancestry. Whether Andean ancestry is also associated with body proportions and greater postnatal body size at altitude is unknown. Therefore, we tested whether a greater proportion of Andean ancestry is associated with stature and body proportions among Peruvian children at high and low altitude. METHODS: Heigh…
Relationships of maternal and paternal anthropometry with neonatal body size, proportions and adiposity in an Australian cohort
The patterns of association between maternal or paternal and neonatal phenotype may offer insight into how neonatal characteristics are shaped by evolutionary processes, such as conflicting parental interests in fetal investment and obstetric constraints. Paternal interests are theoretically served by maximizing fetal growth, and maternal interests by managing investment in current and future offspring, but whether paternal and maternal influence…
Newly discovered Neanderthal remains from Shanidar Cave, Iraqi Kurdistan, and their attribution to Shanidar 5
Homo sapiens in Arabia by 85,000 years ago
Over Rock and Under Stone
Research in the Andes has yielded evidence for a complex association between settlement sites and mortuary monuments, tied to concepts of death, ancestor veneration and water. The Huaylas-Inca and later Spanish colonial site of Kipia in the Cordillera Negra of the Ancash Highlands, North-Central Andes is a multi-faceted site, that contains a small settlement core, and a cosmological centre which includes carved rocks (huancas), niches and offerin…
Death in the sun
In 2014, during construction work at the ex-Civil Hospital in Gibraltar, excavations led by the Gibraltar Museum revealed a major, previously unknown burial ground containing more than 200 skeletons. We present the historical, archaeological and radiometric dating evidence from the site alongside the results of initial osteological analyses. The data indicate that the burials pertain to an earlier 16th-century Spanish hospice, and therefore stand…
Relationship between body mass, lean mass, fat mass, and limb bone cross‐sectional geometry
OBJECTIVES: Estimating body mass from skeletal dimensions is widely practiced, but methods for estimating its components (lean and fat mass) are poorly developed. The ability to estimate these characteristics would offer new insights into the evolution of body composition and its variation relative to past and present health. This study investigates the potential of long bone cross-sectional properties as predictors of body, lean, and fat mass. M…
Stature estimation equations for South Asian skeletons based on DXA scans of contemporary adults
OBJECTIVES: Stature estimation from the skeleton is a classic anthropological problem, and recent years have seen the proliferation of population-specific regression equations. Many rely on the anatomical reconstruction of stature from archaeological skeletons to derive regression equations based on long bone lengths, but this requires a collection with very good preservation. In some regions, for example, South Asia, typical environmental condit…
Issues of theory and method in the analysis of Paleolithic mortuary behavior
Mortuary behavior (activities concerning dead conspecifics) is one of many traits that were previously widely considered to have been uniquely human, but on which perspectives have changed markedly in recent years. Theoretical approaches to hominin mortuary activity and its evolution have undergone major revision, and advances in diverse archeological and paleoanthropological methods have brought new ways of identifying behaviors such as intentio…
The funerary use of caves during the Holocene in the Atlantic Western Pyrenees
The human remains from the Lumentxa cave (Lekeitio, Biscay, Northern Iberian Peninsula)
Can bony labyrinth dimensions predict biological sex in archaeological samples
Osipov and colleagues [American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2(151) 2013] previously posited that the dimensions of the bony labyrinth exhibit sexual dimorphism. Using a recent sample of known sex, they produced an age-independent, multivariate equation to predict biological sex using several of these dimensions. We aim to test the applicability of this equation to archaeological samples, where the method could prove useful with poorly prese…
Sea, sickness and cautionary tales
During the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, Spanish ships sailed around the globe connecting Spain to its colonies. While documentary records offer rich details concerning life on board ship, archaeological information is essential to generating a full picture of the past. The cemetery at Old St Bernard's Hospital, Gibraltar, provides an opportunity to study the skeletal remains of sailors. Following previous osteological research, carbon, nitr…
New Neanderthal remains associated with the 'flower burial' at Shanidar Cave
Advocating for a Collaborative Research Approach on Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma
Diet and Lifestyle in the First Villages of the Middle Preceramic
We present stable isotope and osteological data from human remains at Paloma, Chilca I, La Yerba III, and Morro I that offer new evidence for diet, lifestyle, and habitual mobility in the first villages that proliferated along the arid Pacific coast of South America (ca. 6000 cal BP). The data not only reaffirm the dietary primacy of marine protein for this period but also show evidence at Paloma of direct access interactions between the coast an…
Life, death, and the destruction of architecture
Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (22 works) · Geography (22 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (20 works) · Archaeology (18 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (15 works) · Biology (15 works) · Medicine (10 works) · Cave (9 works) · Demography (9 works) · Paleopathology and ancient diseases (9 works)