Stephen M Graham
Biographic Data
| ID | 353015 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen M Graham |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen M |
| FAMILY NAME | Graham |
| SIGNATURE | GRAHAM S M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Sequoia Foundation |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3525-2294 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1915 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Tuberculosis prevention in low- and middle-income settings in the Asia-Pacific region, a qualitative scoping review
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death globally, with most new TB cases notified in the Asia-Pacific region. We aimed to synthesize qualitative research of TB prevention strategies from the region, summarizing reported barriers to and facilitators of practices, and identifying important gaps and opportunities for future research. A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework and includes qualitative studies publish…
Prevalence, incidence, and outcome of tuberculosis among young hospitalised children with acute illness in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of paediatric morbidity and mortality. We sought to identify the prevalence of TB among children admitted to hospital with severe illness and to document incidence of TB, survival, and growth in the six months following discharge from hospital in two TB-endemic countries. Methods: We screened young children 2-23 months old enrolled in the Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network cohort and adm…
Tuberculosis treatment and undernutrition on Daru Island, Papua New Guinea
A substantial proportion of people with tuberculosis (TB)-one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases-live in resource-poor, food insecure settings. It is widely recognised that undernutrition significantly heightens vulnerability to TB, as well as contributes to poor treatment adherence and outcomes. However, more attention is needed to understand what shapes food insecurity and undernutrition in a particular setting. We use the concept of …
The role and value of counsellors in the treatment journeys of people with tuberculosis and their families
Combined education and counselling can contribute to person-centred care for tuberculosis (TB), improving uptake, adherence, and outcomes of treatment for TB disease and TB infection. Though strongly recommended by the World Health Organization for all people diagnosed with TB, education and counselling is not widely implemented in TB programs around the world. In 2016, a pilot TB education and counselling program, delivered by trained profession…
Jewellery Making, Boundary Objects and Creativity in Social Work
The clinical presentation and detection of tuberculosis during pregnancy and in the postpartum period in low- and middle-income countries
For women infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis , pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of developing or worsening TB disease. TB in pregnancy increases the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, however the detection of TB in pregnancy is challenging. We aimed to identify and summarise the findings of studies regarding the clinical presentation and diagnosis of TB during pregnancy and the postpartum period (within 6 months o…
Beyond patient delay, navigating structural health system barriers to timely care and treatment in a high burden TB setting in Papua New Guinea
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health issue in Papua New Guinea, with incidence rates particularly high in the South Fly District of Western Province. We present three case studies, along with additional vignettes, that were derived from interviews and focus groups carried out between July 2019 and July 2020 of people living in rural areas of the remote South Fly District depicting their challenges accessing timely TB diagnosis and care; mos…
Magnitude and factors associated with post-tuberculosis lung disease in low- and middle-income countries
Background Emerging evidence suggests that after completion of treatment for tuberculosis (TB) a significant proportion of patients experience sequelae. However, there is limited synthesized evidence on this from low-income countries, from Sub-Saharan Africa, and in HIV infected individuals. We seek to provide an updated comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on the magnitude and factors associated with post-TB lung disease (PTLD) in l…
Impacts of tuberculosis services strengthening and the Covid-19 pandemic on case detection and treatment outcomes in Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia
Indonesia is a high-burden tuberculosis (TB) country with a wide case detection gap, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to review the epidemiology of TB in a high-endemic setting of Indonesia before and during the implementation of health system strengthening activities for TB, including during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed TB program data from Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia from 2014 to 2021. Health sys…
Aetiology of childhood pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries in the era of vaccination
A systematic review of clinical, epidemiological and demographic predictors of tuberculosis in children with pneumonia
Slow progress towards pneumonia control for children in low-and-middle income countries as measured by pneumonia indicators
Quality of care for children with acute respiratory infections in health facilities
Background: Severe childhood pneumonia requires treatment in hospital by trained health care workers. It is therefore important to determine if health facilities provide quality health services for children with acute respiratory infections (ARI), including pneumonia. Using established indicators from WHO to measure quality of care (QoC) as a reference standard, this review aims to evaluate how well existing tools assess QoC for children presenti…
The utility of chest x-ray and lung ultrasound in the management of infants and children presenting with severe pneumonia in low-and middle-income countries
Background: Chest x-ray (CXR) is commonly used (when available) to support clinical management decisions for child pneumonia and provide a reference standard for diagnosis in research studies. However, its diagnostic and technical limitations for both purposes are well recognised. Recent evidence suggests that lung ultrasound (LUS) may have diagnostic utility in pneumonia. This systematic scoping review of research on the utility of CXR and LUS i…
Exploring Tuberculosis Riskscapes in a Papua New Guinean 'Hotspot
This article explores socio-spatial dimensions of risk and how they can enhance understanding of a high burden tuberculosis (TB) context in the South Fly District of Papua New Guinea. We report on select findings from a qualitative study that included 128 semi-structured in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions with a wide range of South Fly District community members. Using the conceptual framework of 'riskscapes' to examine emic persp…
Assessing the quality of care for children attending health facilities
Agroforestry, Indigenous Tree Cover and Biodiversity Conservation
Addressing interconnected social and environmental issues, including poverty, food security, climate change, and biodiversity loss, requires integrated solutions. Agroforestry is a sustainable land use approach with the potential to address multiple issues. This study examined the tree cultivation behavior of smallholder farmers in the Mt. Elgon region of Uganda. We examined the proportion of indigenous tree species added to or removed from agric…
Association Between Preterm Delivery and Pre-pregnancy Body Mass (BMI), Exercise and Sleep During Pregnancy Among Working Women in Southern California
The Association Between Pre-pregnancy BMI and Preterm Delivery in a Diverse Southern California Population of Working Women
Whereas preterm birth has consistently been associated with low maternal pre-pregnancy weight, the relationship with high pre-pregnancy weight has been inconsistent. We quantified the pre-pregnancy BMI-preterm delivery (PTD) relationship using traditional BMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese) as well as continuous BMI. Eligible women participated in California's statewide prenatal screening program, worked during pregn…
Maternity Leave In The Ninth Month of Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes Among Working Women
Utilization of Pay-in Antenatal Leave Among Working Women in Southern California
With Poor Immigrants to America
Exploring Tuberculosis Riskscapes in a Papua New Guinean 'Hotspot
This article explores socio-spatial dimensions of risk and how they can enhance understanding of a high burden tuberculosis (TB) context in the South Fly District of Papua New Guinea. We report on select findings from a qualitative study that included 128 semi-structured in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions with a wide range of South Fly District community members. Using the conceptual framework of 'riskscapes' to examine emic persp…
Agroforestry, Indigenous Tree Cover and Biodiversity Conservation
Addressing interconnected social and environmental issues, including poverty, food security, climate change, and biodiversity loss, requires integrated solutions. Agroforestry is a sustainable land use approach with the potential to address multiple issues. This study examined the tree cultivation behavior of smallholder farmers in the Mt. Elgon region of Uganda. We examined the proportion of indigenous tree species added to or removed from agric…
With Poor Immigrants to America
Utilization of Pay-in Antenatal Leave Among Working Women in Southern California
Maternity Leave In The Ninth Month of Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes Among Working Women
The Association Between Pre-pregnancy BMI and Preterm Delivery in a Diverse Southern California Population of Working Women
Whereas preterm birth has consistently been associated with low maternal pre-pregnancy weight, the relationship with high pre-pregnancy weight has been inconsistent. We quantified the pre-pregnancy BMI-preterm delivery (PTD) relationship using traditional BMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese) as well as continuous BMI. Eligible women participated in California's statewide prenatal screening program, worked during pregn…
Association Between Preterm Delivery and Pre-pregnancy Body Mass (BMI), Exercise and Sleep During Pregnancy Among Working Women in Southern California
Assessing the quality of care for children attending health facilities
Agroforestry, Indigenous Tree Cover and Biodiversity Conservation
Addressing interconnected social and environmental issues, including poverty, food security, climate change, and biodiversity loss, requires integrated solutions. Agroforestry is a sustainable land use approach with the potential to address multiple issues. This study examined the tree cultivation behavior of smallholder farmers in the Mt. Elgon region of Uganda. We examined the proportion of indigenous tree species added to or removed from agric…
Magnitude and factors associated with post-tuberculosis lung disease in low- and middle-income countries
Background Emerging evidence suggests that after completion of treatment for tuberculosis (TB) a significant proportion of patients experience sequelae. However, there is limited synthesized evidence on this from low-income countries, from Sub-Saharan Africa, and in HIV infected individuals. We seek to provide an updated comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on the magnitude and factors associated with post-TB lung disease (PTLD) in l…
Impacts of tuberculosis services strengthening and the Covid-19 pandemic on case detection and treatment outcomes in Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia
Indonesia is a high-burden tuberculosis (TB) country with a wide case detection gap, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to review the epidemiology of TB in a high-endemic setting of Indonesia before and during the implementation of health system strengthening activities for TB, including during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed TB program data from Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia from 2014 to 2021. Health sys…
Aetiology of childhood pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries in the era of vaccination
A systematic review of clinical, epidemiological and demographic predictors of tuberculosis in children with pneumonia
Slow progress towards pneumonia control for children in low-and-middle income countries as measured by pneumonia indicators
Quality of care for children with acute respiratory infections in health facilities
Background: Severe childhood pneumonia requires treatment in hospital by trained health care workers. It is therefore important to determine if health facilities provide quality health services for children with acute respiratory infections (ARI), including pneumonia. Using established indicators from WHO to measure quality of care (QoC) as a reference standard, this review aims to evaluate how well existing tools assess QoC for children presenti…
The utility of chest x-ray and lung ultrasound in the management of infants and children presenting with severe pneumonia in low-and middle-income countries
Background: Chest x-ray (CXR) is commonly used (when available) to support clinical management decisions for child pneumonia and provide a reference standard for diagnosis in research studies. However, its diagnostic and technical limitations for both purposes are well recognised. Recent evidence suggests that lung ultrasound (LUS) may have diagnostic utility in pneumonia. This systematic scoping review of research on the utility of CXR and LUS i…
Exploring Tuberculosis Riskscapes in a Papua New Guinean 'Hotspot
This article explores socio-spatial dimensions of risk and how they can enhance understanding of a high burden tuberculosis (TB) context in the South Fly District of Papua New Guinea. We report on select findings from a qualitative study that included 128 semi-structured in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions with a wide range of South Fly District community members. Using the conceptual framework of 'riskscapes' to examine emic persp…
The clinical presentation and detection of tuberculosis during pregnancy and in the postpartum period in low- and middle-income countries
For women infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis , pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of developing or worsening TB disease. TB in pregnancy increases the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, however the detection of TB in pregnancy is challenging. We aimed to identify and summarise the findings of studies regarding the clinical presentation and diagnosis of TB during pregnancy and the postpartum period (within 6 months o…
Beyond patient delay, navigating structural health system barriers to timely care and treatment in a high burden TB setting in Papua New Guinea
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health issue in Papua New Guinea, with incidence rates particularly high in the South Fly District of Western Province. We present three case studies, along with additional vignettes, that were derived from interviews and focus groups carried out between July 2019 and July 2020 of people living in rural areas of the remote South Fly District depicting their challenges accessing timely TB diagnosis and care; mos…
The role and value of counsellors in the treatment journeys of people with tuberculosis and their families
Combined education and counselling can contribute to person-centred care for tuberculosis (TB), improving uptake, adherence, and outcomes of treatment for TB disease and TB infection. Though strongly recommended by the World Health Organization for all people diagnosed with TB, education and counselling is not widely implemented in TB programs around the world. In 2016, a pilot TB education and counselling program, delivered by trained profession…
Jewellery Making, Boundary Objects and Creativity in Social Work
Prevalence, incidence, and outcome of tuberculosis among young hospitalised children with acute illness in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of paediatric morbidity and mortality. We sought to identify the prevalence of TB among children admitted to hospital with severe illness and to document incidence of TB, survival, and growth in the six months following discharge from hospital in two TB-endemic countries. Methods: We screened young children 2-23 months old enrolled in the Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network cohort and adm…
Tuberculosis treatment and undernutrition on Daru Island, Papua New Guinea
A substantial proportion of people with tuberculosis (TB)-one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases-live in resource-poor, food insecure settings. It is widely recognised that undernutrition significantly heightens vulnerability to TB, as well as contributes to poor treatment adherence and outcomes. However, more attention is needed to understand what shapes food insecurity and undernutrition in a particular setting. We use the concept of …
Tuberculosis prevention in low- and middle-income settings in the Asia-Pacific region, a qualitative scoping review
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death globally, with most new TB cases notified in the Asia-Pacific region. We aimed to synthesize qualitative research of TB prevention strategies from the region, summarizing reported barriers to and facilitators of practices, and identifying important gaps and opportunities for future research. A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework and includes qualitative studies publish…
Medicine (11 works) · Tuberculosis (7 works) · Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology (6 works) · Environmental health (5 works) · Geography (5 works) · Sociology (5 works) · Family medicine (4 works) · Internal Medicine (4 works) · MEDLINE (4 works) · Pregnancy (4 works)