Patrick Roberts
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3581029 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Patrick Roberts |
| PRENOMES | Patrick |
| SOBRENOME | Roberts |
| ASSINATURA | ROBERTS P |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4403-7548 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 102 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 324 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 102 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2003 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Stable isotope insights into endemic animal diets in pre-colonial Jamaica
The role of commensal or synanthropic species in the subsistence practices and island ecologies of the insular Caribbean has been receiving increasing attention as more sites and faunal assemblages are studied across the region. As the only surviving endemic terrestrial mammal on the island and an essential part of the human diet in precolonial Jamaica, the Jamaican hutia ( Geocapromys brownii ) has become a useful proxy for reconstructing human …
Beyond Appendicitis
Bayesian modelling of the latent human influence field in archaeological urban sediments at Koh Ker, Cambodia
Reconstructing the spatiotemporal trajectories of massive ancient cities remains difficult because archaeological excavation offers temporal depth but limited spatial coverage, while lidar and other survey methods map urban form without chronological depth. Moreover, ancient urban dynamics were multidimensional and indicated by many different variables. Integrating archaeological and environmental proxies indicative of these variables into a sing…
Foraging in island rainforests during the Last Glacial Maximum
The Role of Capitalism and Colonialism in the Deforestation of Early Modern Europe
While various land use models have been developed to assess forest cover change in Europe over time, there has been very little dialogue between these projects and the growing body of historical and archaeological work on early modern European economic and environmental transformations. This article seeks to bridge this gap by assessing how the emergence of capitalism in Europe between 1500 and 1800 impacted the continent’s forests. Analysing the…
Comparative Spatial Analysis Reveals Important Structural Similarities Between Ancient Angkor and Late Anglo-Saxon Hampshire
Angkor (800–1435 CE ) is considered the type site for “low-density agrarian urbanism”, a loosely defined archaeological label used to describe settlements with urban traits but dispersed spatial structure. Angkor’s abandonment from the fifteenth century has fueled concerns that low-density cities, now common globally, may be inherently unstable. The spatial distinctiveness of Angkor relative to other premodern rural–urban systems, however, has ne…
Quaternary research in South Asia
Age and sex-related differences in diet in hellenistic-early roman sicily
During the Hellenistic-early Roman period (4th − 1st BCE), Sicily played a major role in shaping sociopolitical developments in the Mediterranean. However, despite its experience of major social, economic, and demographic change, including major events such as Greek colonization and Roman expansion, aspects of past life, including diet and nutrition, in Sicily during this period, remain largely unexplored. This paper employed samples from 50 adul…
Making comparative archaeological and historical urbanism rigorous and open access through the URBank data platform
Adapting to a global urban future requires diverse, long-term perspectives on urbanism. URBank supports this by bringing together global deep-time urban datasets in a modern open-science computing platform. Its design eschews checklist definitions of cities, representing the variability of past urbanism and enabling systematic comparative spatiotemporal research
Stable Isotope Variation in East and Southeast Asian Marine Ecosystems and its Relevance for Archaeological Analysis
This paper delves into the utilisation of stable isotope analysis as a tool for understanding ancient human adaptations to diverse marine environments, with a specific geographical focus on Southeast Asia and the Pacific. It analyzes stable isotope data from modern fish bones and tooth enamel, focusing on δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values. The data confirm the reliability of δ13C as a proxy for marine consumption in archaeological contexts and emphasis…
Exploring Contemporary Pastoral Variability through Stable Isotope Analysis in the Turkana Basin, Kenya
In some1 contexts, the term “pastoralism” still invokes a perception of unchanging specialized dietary reliance on herd animals. This is despite the fact that research from across multiple disciplines has emphasized pastoral economic heterogeneity and its spatial and temporal variability, consistent with shifting contextual factors. While diverse accounts attest to dynamic subsistence strategies, direct dietary assessments of the complex interact…
Reconstructing pre-Columbian agrarian territorialities in the El Alto-Ancasti mountain range, Eastern NW Argentina
In this paper, we examine the formation of a village landscape during the first millennium CE in the eastern Andes of South America, specifically in El Alto-Ancasti mountain range, Catamarca, Argentina. This landscape was shaped through the articulation of domestic spaces—houses located in elevated areas—productive areas—agricultural terraces in adjacent ravines—and ritual spaces—a distinctive form of rock art—that together reflect a deep underst…
Late Holocene camelid pastoralism in the Puna highlands of Argentina
Pre-Hispanic pastoralist mobility has been a major topic in Andean archaeology and it is considered a key component of modern pastoral systems in the Andean highlands. Of particular interest here has been the exploration of changes in camelid breeding and herding between pre-Hispanic and modern pastoralist contexts. This paper examines variation in diet and territoriality of domestic camelids using intra-tooth enamel carbon and oxygen stable isot…
Investigating pre-Columbian floristic legacy effects using machine learning in the southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil
The scope and scale of past human impacts on both historic and current vegetation is of widespread interest in the historical sciences. In the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil (Portuguese: Mata Atlântica), previous work has identified Amerindian settlement and land-use as a probable driver of the extent and composition of forest cover, with time-extended legacies that remain detectable in modern floristic inventories. Previously published inves…
‘Wildland–Urban Interfaces’ from an Archaeological Perspective
The ‘wildland-urban interface’ (WUI) has emerged as a critical focal point of wildfire threats, human-environmental conflicts, habitat loss and fragmentation, and zoonotic disease spread in the twenty-first century. Urban interfaces with their environments are not a novel phenomenon, however. From the Middle to Late Holocene, diverse urban configurations and networks interacted with ecosystem dynamics, land cover, fire regimes, biodiversity, and …
Bridging Worlds
This study investigates the subsistence patterns of the inhabitants of Soba, the capital of the medieval Kingdom of Alwa in modern Sudan. Dental enamel of 28 individuals was sampled for the isotopic analysis of carbon (δ 13 C) and oxygen (δ 18 O). Overall, the δ 13 C values indicate overwhelming reliance of Soba inhabitants on C 4 plants and/or faunal produce from C 4 ‐fed animals. The results of oxygen analysis (δ 18 O) fall within the expected …
Tropical deforestation and Indigenous resistance over the longue durée in South America
The destruction of tropical forests is an environmental issue of global significance. This process has deep historical roots, with recent scholarship exploring the role of European colonisation and capitalist expansion in driving tropical deforestation from the sixteenth century onwards. Less attention, however, has been given to how Indigenous resistance has impeded deforestation over this time period. Here we analyse how non-state Indigenous gr…
Storage story
Persistence of Roman economic structures reflected in the dietary habits of late antique Tuscany (central Italy, 3rd–7th centuries CE)
Less is more
Renewed Archaeological Research in Singida Region, Central Tanzania
Archaeological research in central Tanzania, chiefly in the Singida Region, has only been sporadically conducted, with the focus of such investigations being mostly on rock art and Later Stone Age (LSA) material. Here, we report preliminary results from renewed research expeditions conducted in the Singida Region. In 2021 and 2022, we located 31 archaeological sites in Ikungi District, excavated an open-air site (Nkungi) and a rock shelter (Itram…
Early settlers of Soba
Author Correction
Illuminating interaction networks along the Silk Roads
Oasis communities across Central Asia were key to the emergence and maintenance of the ancient Silk Roads that spanned Eurasia from the late second century BC, yet our understanding of early interaction networks in this region is limited. Multi-isotopic analysis of human teeth from the Zaghunluq Cemetery, southern Xinjiang (sixth century BC to first century AD) now suggests that oasis communities established intricate exchange networks, forming s…
Sidi Zin Archaeological Project
The Sidi Zin Archaeological Project aims to bridge understanding of the Acheulean-Middle Stone Age transition in northern Tunisia, a relatively understudied region in the context of hominin evolution. The Sidi Zin locality will provide chronological, palaeoenvironmental, geomorphological and cultural insights into Acheulean and Middle Stone Age occupations in Tunisia
Pleistocene rainforests
In the 1980s, anthropologists argued that tropical rainforests were unattractive environments for long-term human navigation, subsistence and occupation. Meanwhile, archaeologists have traditionally held that Homo sapiens only intensively colonized rainforests during the Holocene, from c. 11 thousand years ago (ka). New discoveries and re-appraisal of Pleistocene (c. 200–12 ka) archaeological sites in Africa, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Sri La…
The Sri Lankan ‘Microlithic’ Tradition c. 38,000 to 3,000 Years Ago
An Imagined Past
Nomads, or highly specialized mobile pastoralists, are prominent features in Central Asian archaeology, and they are often depicted in direct conflict with neighboring sedentary peoples. However, new archaeological findings are showing that the people who many scholars have called nomads engaged in a mixed economic system of farming and herding. Additionally, not all of these peoples were as mobile as previously assumed, and current data suggest …
Defining the 'generalist specialist' niche for Pleistocene Homo sapiens
Plastic pioneers
The Middle to Later Stone Age transition at Panga ya Saidi, in the tropical coastal forest of eastern Africa
We have never been behaviourally modern’
Stable oxygen isotope analysis of Phorcus lineatus (da Costa, 1778) as a proxy for foraging seasonality during the Mesolithic in northern Iberia
The Mesolithic period in the Cantabrian region, a coastal area located in northern Spain, is characterised by a marked increase in the human use of coastal resources in comparison with previous periods, resulting in the formation of so-called "shell middens". Archaeological investigations have provided insights into the formation processes of these shell middens, as well as long-term changes in human exploitation of different marine resources and…
Finding the anthropocene in tropical forests
Local diversity in settlement, demography and subsistence across the southern Indian Neolithic-Iron Age transition
Fruits of the forest
Multi-isotopic study of the earliest mediaeval inhabitants of Santiago de Compostela (Galicia, Spain)
Santiago de Compostela is, together with Rome and Jerusalem, one of the three main pilgrimage and religious centres for Catholicism. The belief that the remains of St James the Great, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ, is buried there has stimulated, since their reported discovery in the 9th century AD, a significant flow of people from across the European continent and beyond. Little is known about the practical experiences of people li…
The men of Nelson's navy
We present stable isotopic analyses of collagen from 80 servicemen excavated from the late 18th/early 19th century naval hospitals at Plymouth (50) and Haslar, Gosport (30) in southern England. Historical records suggest that, the diets of these two populations should be essentially identical. While δ 15 N of the rib collagen confirmed that naval servicemen were relatively well‐catered for in terms of meat allowance (Plymouth average δ 15 N = 11.…
Moving South
The role of plants in early human migrations across the globe has received little attention compared to big game hunting. Tropical forests in particular have been seen as a barrier for Late Pleistocene human dispersals due to perceived difficulties in obtaining sufficient subsistence resources. Archaeobotanical data from the Cerro Azul rock outcrop in the Colombian Amazon details Late Pleistocene plant exploitation providing insight into early hu…
Seasonal exploitation of intertidal resources at El Mazo (N Iberia) reveals optimized human subsistence strategies during the Mesolithic in Atlantic Europe
Over the last few decades, research has significantly enhanced our understanding of the role played by shellfish in human subsistence during the Mesolithic period along the Atlantic coast of Europe. Instrumental to this advance has been the analysis of stable oxygen isotope measurements (δ 18 O) from mollusc shells, which offers valuable insights into the seasonality of shellfish exploitation. The δ 18 O values serve as reliable indicators of pas…
An isotopic and genetic study of multi-cultural colonial New Zealand
Archaeological and historical insights into the ecological impacts of pre-colonial and colonial introductions into the Philippine Archipelago
The tropical forests of the Philippine Archipelago are some of the most threatened in the 21st century. Among the most prominent threats are the introduction of new plant and animal species, as well as new forms of land management (e.g. plantations), that have accompanied industrial expansion. Such threats have a potentially long-term history and prehistory in the Philippines, not just as a consequence of Spanish colonial administration and land-…
An isotopic generation
The application of stable isotope analysis in African archaeology has a long and distinguished pedigree. Many new developments were inspired by questions in the archaeology of the continent, helped considerably by the availability of African landscapes as natural laboratories for providing the essential underpinning of isotope ecology systematics. Stable isotopes are now regularly built into multi-disciplinary archaeological projects spanning the…
The rise of the cosmetic industry in ancient China
Cosmetics have a long history in China, but their origins remain unclear. Cosmetic industry potentially originated in the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 bce ), but little is known about the early manufacture and use of cosmetics. The Liujiawa site, located on the southern edge of the Loess Plateau in northern China, was the late capital of the ancient Rui state in the early to mid‐Spring and Autumn Period. During the excavation, a sealed small…
Stable isotope evidence for pre-colonial maize agriculture and animal management in the Bolivian Amazon
Over the past decade, multidisciplinary research has seen the Amazon Basin go from a context perceived as unfavourable for food production and large-scale human societies to one of 'garden cities', domestication, and anthropogenically influenced forests and soils. Nevertheless, direct insights into human interactions with particular crops and especially animals remain scarce across this vast area. Here we present new stable carbon and nitrogen is…
Stable isotopic reconstruction of dietary changes across Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages in Tuscany
Uncovering the Multibiome Environmental and Earth System Legacies of Past Human Societies
It has been argued that we have now entered the Anthropocene, a proposed epoch in which humans are having a dominant impact on the Earth system. While some geologists have sought to formalize the Anthropocene as beginning in the mid-twentieth century, its social, geophysical, and environmental roots undoubtedly lie deeper in the past. In this review, we highlight the ways in which human activities across the major biomes of our planet significant…
Human dispersal and plant processing in the Pacific 55 000-50 000 years ago
The dynamics of our species' dispersal into the Pacific remains intensely debated. The authors present archaeological investigations in the Raja Ampat Islands, north-west of New Guinea, that provide the earliest known evidence for humans arriving in the Pacific more than 55 000-50 000 years ago. Seafaring simulations demonstrate that a northern equatorial route into New Guinea via the Raja Ampat Islands was a viable dispersal corridor to Sahul at…
Managing environmental diversity in the eastern foothills of the Andes
In this paper we review the growing evidence of anthropogenic landscapespresent in the semi-deciduous neotropical forest biomes of eastern NW Argentina,which have remained relatively neglected in favour of arid to semi-arid western Andean regions. The evidence gathered in de El Alto-Ancasti provides animportant case study where multidisciplinary methodologies have beenapplied to sites that document the emergence and variability in food production…
A multi‐isotope, multi‐tissue study of colonial origins and diet in New Zealand
Objectives Colonial period New Zealand was lauded as a land of plenty, where colonists could improve their station in life and secure a future for their families. Our understanding of colonial experience, however, is often shaped by historical records which communicate a state‐sponsored version of history. This study aims to reconstruct the lives of settlers using isotopic evidence from the colonial skeletons themselves. Materials and methods We …
The Faith and Fortunes of France's Huguenots, 1600-85
The Master of Disaster as Bureaucratic Entrepreneur
Washington, D.C., overflows with organized interests and issue networks competing for the attention of lawmakers. A very few people manage to navigate the flotsam and jetsam of the policy currents to redefine an issue or put a new problem on the political agenda. Like their cousins in the private market, political scientists call these navigators “entrepreneurs.”
The kingdom's two bodies? Corporeal rhetoric and royal authority during the religious wars
The conventional discourse of the body politic assumed a peculiar resonance during the French religious wars due to the unique identification of the king with the well-being of his kingdom. The duality of this relationship was echoed in the language and imagery of corporeal rhetoric which infused the declarations of all sides during the conflict. The combined threat of heresy and civil war, and the shared imperative to defend the unity and integr…
Introduction
This volume brings together five essays written in homage to Professor R. J. Knecht on the occasion of his eightieth birthday.1 The contributors have all, in their various ways, enjoyed and benefited over many years from Professor Knecht's support, advice, patronage and friendship, as too has the Society for the Study of French History (of which he was one of the founding members and former president) and its associated journal French History. A …
The Politics of Presidential Appointments
An Unnatural Disaster
The men of Nelson's navy
We present stable isotopic analyses of collagen from 80 servicemen excavated from the late 18th/early 19th century naval hospitals at Plymouth (50) and Haslar, Gosport (30) in southern England. Historical records suggest that, the diets of these two populations should be essentially identical. While δ 15 N of the rib collagen confirmed that naval servicemen were relatively well‐catered for in terms of meat allowance (Plymouth average δ 15 N = 11.…
Fallout
Diplomatic machinations to limit Iranian and North Korean nuclear programs command headlines. To make sense of why nuclear programs in these countries have proved to be so difficult to restrain, one could not do better than consult Grégoire Mallard's thoughtful, analytic history of global nuclear diplomacy. Fallout's strength lies in its ability to combine historical detail with conceptual clarity in order to bring diplomatic choices into focus. …
We have never been behaviourally modern’
The Sri Lankan ‘Microlithic’ Tradition c. 38,000 to 3,000 Years Ago
Pleistocene rainforests
In the 1980s, anthropologists argued that tropical rainforests were unattractive environments for long-term human navigation, subsistence and occupation. Meanwhile, archaeologists have traditionally held that Homo sapiens only intensively colonized rainforests during the Holocene, from c. 11 thousand years ago (ka). New discoveries and re-appraisal of Pleistocene (c. 200–12 ka) archaeological sites in Africa, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Sri La…
Bone Technology from Late Pleistocene Caves and Rockshelters of Sri Lanka
Tropical forests and the genus Homo
Tropical forests constitute some of the most diverse and complex terrestrial ecosystems on the planet. From the Miocene onward, they have acted as a backdrop to the ongoing evolution of our closest living relatives, the great apes, and provided the cradle for the emergence of early hominins, who retained arboreal physiological adaptations at least into the Late Pliocene. There also now exists growing evidence, from the Late Pleistocene onward, fo…
An isotopic generation
The application of stable isotope analysis in African archaeology has a long and distinguished pedigree. Many new developments were inspired by questions in the archaeology of the continent, helped considerably by the availability of African landscapes as natural laboratories for providing the essential underpinning of isotope ecology systematics. Stable isotopes are now regularly built into multi-disciplinary archaeological projects spanning the…
Local diversity in settlement, demography and subsistence across the southern Indian Neolithic-Iron Age transition
Stable carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, isotope analysis of plants from a South Asian tropical forest
Stable isotope analysis of primate tissues in tropical forest contexts is an increasingly popular means of obtaining information about niche distinctions among sympatric species, including preferences in feeding height, forest canopy density, plant parts, and trophism. However, issues of equifinality mean that feeding height, canopy density, as well as the plant parts and plant species consumed, may produce similar or confounding effects. With a …
Forests of plenty
Fruits of the forest
Year-old record of Middle and Later Stone Age innovation in an East African tropical forest
The Middle to Later Stone Age transition in Africa has been debated as a significant shift in human technological, cultural, and cognitive evolution. However, the majority of research on this transition is currently focused on southern Africa due to a lack of long-term, stratified sites across much of the African continent. Here, we report a 78,000-year-long archeological record from Panga ya Saidi, a cave in the humid coastal forest of Kenya. Fo…
Historical Tropical Forest Reliance amongst the Wanniyalaeto (Vedda) of Sri Lanka
that tropical forests could not support long-term human foraging in the absence of agriculture. Part of their thesis was based on the fact that supposedly isolated 'forest' foragers, such as the Wanniyalaeto (or Vedda) peoples of Sri Lanka, could be demonstrated to be enmeshed within historical trade networks and rely on crops as part of their overall subsistence. Yet, in the same volume and in the years that followed scholars have presented ethn…
Finding the anthropocene in tropical forests
Defining the 'generalist specialist' niche for Pleistocene Homo sapiens
Tropical Forests in Prehistory, History, and Modernity
In popular discourse, tropical forests are synonymous with 'nature' and 'wilderness'; battlegrounds between apparently pristine floral, faunal, and human communities, and the unrelenting industrial and urban powers of the modern world. It is rarely publicly understood that the extent of human adaptation to, and alteration of, tropical forest environments extends across archaeological, historical, and anthropological timescales. This book is the f…
Tropical Forests in Human Prehistory, History, and Modernity
Into the Woods Early Homo sapiens and Tropical Forest Colonization
Popular philosophical associations of tropical forests, and forests in general, with an inherent ancestral state, away from the stresses, pollution, and technosphere of modern life, are nicely summarized by Murakami’s quote above (2002). Given the probable origins of the hominin clade in tropical forests, this quote is also apt from an evolutionary standpoint. Yet, somewhat surprisingly, tropical forests have frequently been considered impenetrab…
Geography (65 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (62 obras) · Archaeology (58 obras) · Biology (44 obras) · Ecology (39 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (36 obras) · History (28 obras) · Geology (25 obras) · Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (24 obras) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (22 obras)