Philip James
Biographic Data
| ID | 3589161 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Philip James |
| GIVEN NAMES | Philip |
| FAMILY NAME | James |
| SIGNATURE | JAMES P |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Salford |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9079-3953 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 54 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 120 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 54 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1975 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Understanding the effectiveness of active travel policy portfolios with agent-based modelling
Transport decarbonisation is a major challenge that requires the implementation of effective policies by local and national governments. This paper simulates mobility policies intended to effect a modal shift from private car to active modes (i.e., cycling and walking), using an agent-based transport simulation framework (MATSim). A set of urban mobility policies aiming to change the built environment and mobility behaviour is defined, simulated …
Nurse prescribing of opioid agonist treatment in Ireland
Globally, opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is recognised as a cornerstone of evidence-based responses to opioid dependence. Many countries have expanded access by enabling nurses to prescribe methadone and buprenorphine, with consistent evidence of safety, effectiveness, and improved equity of access. Despite this precedent, Ireland has not introduced nurse prescribing of OAT. Drawing on policy reviews, communications, national strategy documents, …
Fundamental principles and realities of practice
This article sets out to explore whether the amendment to the ILO’s 1998 Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work which, in June 2022, added a ‘safe and healthy work environment’ to the principles and rights already included, might help to address conditions leading to the disproportionate burden of work-related death, injury and disease estimated to occur in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). It does so by drawing on the fi…
Leaving the niche
Low Trophic Aquaculture (LTA) is the farming of aquatic organisms such as primary producers (e.g., seaweeds) and primary consumers (e.g. bivalves). Despite recognition as a key pathway to the provision of sustainable food from the oceans, many forms of LTA around the Atlantic basin remain in the niche stage of socio-technical evolution. With governance regarded as a limiting factor to LTA development, aquaculture experts and stakeholders were sur…
Re-thinking “non-response” to wasting treatment
Children who receive therapeutic feeding for wasting treatment but do not reach the anthropometric definitions of recovery (usually within 12–16 weeks) are categorised as ‘non-responders’ and considered as treatment failures. We conducted a pooled analysis to explore the growth trajectories of non-responders and the appropriateness of the definition of ‘non-response’. We pooled 14 studies of children aged 6–59 months receiving treatment for wasti…
Applying WHO Prioritization Criteria for Moderate Wasting
The World Health Organization's 2023 recommendations for managing moderate wasting provide criteria for prioritizing children to receive specially formulated foods (SFF) rather than counseling alone. However, the practical programmatic impact of such prioritization is unclear. This secondary analysis aimed to describe the caseload and treatment outcomes among moderately wasted 6- to 59-month-old Malian children, categorized into higher-priority (…
Introducing Antenatal Multiple Micronutrient Supplements
Micronutrient deficiencies affect two-thirds of reproductive-age women globally, with pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries at higher risk due to greater nutritional needs and limited diets. Multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) have shown greater benefits than iron-folic acid (IFA) during pregnancy, but WHO currently limits recommendations to humanitarian or research settings. This study synthesises experiences of implementation …
Social Accounts for the ocean
Progress towards equitable ocean sustainability will only be achieved when decision-makers engage with, invest in and use social data. This information is required for decision-makers to identify trade-offs and leverage points to make informed, just, purposeful and defensible decisions that bolster rather than undermine a sustainable ocean economy and human well-being. The Ocean Accounts Framework presents an opportunity to integrate social, cult…
Feasibility, acceptability and equity of a mobile intervention for Upscaling Participatory Action and Videos for Agriculture and Nutrition (m-Upavan) in rural Odisha, India
Addressing undernutrition requires strategies that remove barriers to health for all. We adapted an intervention from the ‘UPAVAN’ trial to a mobile intervention (m-UPAVAN) during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Odisha, India. In UPAVAN, women’s groups viewed and discussed participatory videos on nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive agricultural (NSA) topics. In m-UPAVAN, weekly videos and audios on the same topics were disseminated via What…
Three research priorities for just and sustainable urban systems
Now is the time to refocus efforts in urban research and design. A changing climate and extreme weather events are presenting unique challenges to urban systems around the world. These challenges illuminate the social barriers that accompany disruptive events such as resource inequities and injustices. In this perspective, we provide three research priorities for just and sustainable urban systems that help to address these matters. The three res…
Integrating knowledge on green infrastructure, health and well-being in ageing populations
Ageing and urbanisation pose significant challenges for public health and urban planning. Ageing populations are at particular risk from hazards arising from urbanisation processes, some of which are in turn exacerbated by climate change. One approach for mitigating the negative effects of urbanisation on ageing populations is the leveraging of the beneficial effects of urban green infrastructure as a public health intervention in the planning pr…
The influence of ‘soft’ fair work regulation on union recovery
This longitudinal case study contributes to debates concerning how ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ forms of regulation can interact to contribute to the advancement of worker rights. More specifically, the article explores the contribution of Scotland's soft fair work (FW) programme and the UK's hard statutory recognition procedure to union re‐recognition in a voluntary sector social care provider. In combination, hard and soft regulations are found to have ad…
Understanding the effects of nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings on maternal and child nutrition in rural Odisha, India
A trial of three nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings in rural Odisha, India, found improvements in maternal and child dietary diversity, limited effects on agricultural production, and no effects on women and children's nutritional status. Our process evaluation explored fidelity, reach, and mechanisms behind interventions' effects. We also examined how context affected implementation…
Topological integration of BIM and geospatial water utility networks across the building envelope
Utility networks comprise a fundamental part of our complex urban systems and the integration of digital representations of these networks across multiple spatial scales can be used to help address priority challenges. Deteriorating water utility infrastructure and low routing redundancy result in network fragility and thus supply outages when assets fail. Water distribution network configurations can be optimised for higher resilience but digita…
Addressing anaemia in pregnancy in rural plains Nepal
Maternal anaemia prevalence in low-income countries is unacceptably high. Our research explored the individual-, family- and community-level factors affecting antenatal care uptake, iron folic acid (IFA) intake and consumption of micronutrient-rich diets among pregnant women in the plains of Nepal. We discuss how these findings informed the development of a home visit and community mobilisation intervention to reduce anaemia in pregnancy. We used…
A conceptual model of the social–ecological system of nature-based solutions in urban environments
This article provides a perspective on nature-based solutions. First, the argument is developed that nature-based solutions integrate social and ecological systems. Then, theoretical considerations relating to relational values, multifunctionality, transdisciplinarity, and polycentric governance are briefly outlined. Finally, a conceptual model of the social–ecological system of nature-based solutions is synthesised and presented. This conceptual…
Documenting baseline value chains of Palau's nearshore and offshore fisheries prior to implementing a large-scale marine protected area
Relationships between health outcomes in older populations and urban green infrastructure size, quality and proximity
The influence of urban GI on population health is mediated by green-space form, quantity, accessibility, and vegetation health. People in urban neighbourhoods that are characterised by lower income and older age populations are disproportionately healthy if their neighbourhoods contain accessible, good quality public green-space. This has implications for strategies to decrease health inequalities and inform international initiatives, such as the…
Smart cities and a data-driven response to Covid-19
This commentary describes the rapid development of a COVID-19 data dashboard utilising existing Urban Observatory Internet of Things (IoT) data and analytics infrastructure. Existing data capture systems were rapidly repurposed to provide real-time insights into the impacts of lockdown policy on urban governance
Regulating factory safety in the Bangladeshi garment industry
This paper examines how far the workplace inspection program established under the 2013 Accord on Fire and Building Safety has served to improve safety in Bangladesh garment factories, and the extent to which its operation has been influenced by factors that the literature suggests are important in shaping the outcomes of private regulatory initiatives. The findings suggest that such regulation can generate positive outcomes, even in the absence …
Urban Social-ecological Innovation
Issues in developing a fit for purpose system for incorporating VGI in land administration in Botswana
Exploring zoning scenario impacts upon urban growth simulations using a dynamic spatial model
Understanding the complexities of domestic energy reductions in cities
Metrics of urban morphology and their impact on energy consumption
The outsourcing of social care in Britain
While recent decades have witnessed a growth in the outsourcing of public services in Britain, the post-1997 UK Labour governments have sought to put in place mechanisms aimed at encouraging long-term collaborative contracting relationships marked by less reliance on cost-based competition. This article explores empirically how far these mechanisms have achieved their aims and thereby acted to protect the employment conditions of staff, and links…
Workplace partnership and public service provision
This article considers the extent to which partnership espoused in Best Value is likely to be compatible with the model of social partnership espoused for employment relations. More specifically, the article seeks to cast light, empirically, on the degree to which Best Value can support the series of mutually supportive arrangements between these external stakeholders while maintaining positive-sum relationships with their unions and staff. The a…
The role of social networks in the governance of health systems
Efforts have been increasingly invested to improve local health systems' capacities in developing countries. We describe the application of innovative methods based on a social network analysis approach. The findings presented refer to a study carried out between July 2008 and January 2010 in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. Social network analysis methods were applied in five different districts using the software package Ucinet to calculate the…
Regulating factory safety in the Bangladeshi garment industry
This paper examines how far the workplace inspection program established under the 2013 Accord on Fire and Building Safety has served to improve safety in Bangladesh garment factories, and the extent to which its operation has been influenced by factors that the literature suggests are important in shaping the outcomes of private regulatory initiatives. The findings suggest that such regulation can generate positive outcomes, even in the absence …
Local landscape character assessment
Planning, especially with the increasing prominence given to community involvement, is a key vehicle for delivering sustainable development. Between 2003 and 2005 two community groups in Cheshire wrote parish landscape character assessments. The completed assessments were combined with an appropriate village design statement and subsequently approved as Supplementary Planning Guidance by Chester City and Vale Royal District Councils respectively.…
A conceptual model of the social–ecological system of nature-based solutions in urban environments
This article provides a perspective on nature-based solutions. First, the argument is developed that nature-based solutions integrate social and ecological systems. Then, theoretical considerations relating to relational values, multifunctionality, transdisciplinarity, and polycentric governance are briefly outlined. Finally, a conceptual model of the social–ecological system of nature-based solutions is synthesised and presented. This conceptual…
Exploring zoning scenario impacts upon urban growth simulations using a dynamic spatial model
Understanding Small Firm Responses to Regulation
This article aims to contribute to our understanding of the varied responses of small and micro enterprises to regulation and their implications for regulatory policy, using statutory occupational health and safety requirements as an example. Particular emphasis is given to the relevance of an understanding of business responses to regulation that is informed by a wider range of evidence and perspectives than that which has tended to dominate rec…
The Role of Competition in Best Value
This article investigates the role of ‘competition’ within Best Value (BV) and compares it with that of Compulsory Competitive Tendering (CCT). Utilising results of a survey of BV lead officers, the article reveals that ‘competition’ is not being used as widely as may have been expected. However, in terms of outcomes, services subject to BV seem to be at least as likely to be provided externally as would have been the case under CCT. Further anal…
Does Safety Pay? A Critical Account of the Health and Safety Executive Document
A central question in health and safety is the relationship between good practice and the financial performance of capitalist enterprises. Two alternative views have been presented on this issue: in one, good health and safety management is seen as contributing to sound enterprise finan cial performance; in the other, an inherent contradiction is seen to exist between expenditure on health and safety and the desire on the part of the employers to…
Smart cities and a data-driven response to Covid-19
This commentary describes the rapid development of a COVID-19 data dashboard utilising existing Urban Observatory Internet of Things (IoT) data and analytics infrastructure. Existing data capture systems were rapidly repurposed to provide real-time insights into the impacts of lockdown policy on urban governance
Analysing public service outsourcing
This article draws on findings from two longitudinal case studies of voluntary organisations engaged in delivering social care services via purchaser–provider relations with local authorities. The study focuses on changes to contractual relations, employment conditions in provider organisations and service quality. The article argues the influence of the market on these changes can only be adequately comprehended by rooting the analysis in an und…
Issues in developing a fit for purpose system for incorporating VGI in land administration in Botswana
Room for Manoeuvre? Regulatory Compliance in the Global Shipping Industry
This article combines data from two separate studies of the shipping industry, one on enforcement of new regulations on the use of low-sulphur fuel and one on supply chain influences on ship operators’ health and safety policies and practices. The shipping industry is a valuable natural laboratory for the study of patterns of compliance and governance in late modernity because it is characterised both by highly developed polycentric governance st…
Psychosocial factors in maternal phenylketonuria
OBJECTIVES. This study identified factors predicting adherence to medical recommendations in maternal phenylketonuria, which can result in severe fetal damage. METHODS. Sixty-nine women with phenylketonuria, 68 of their acquaintances, and 69 women with diabetes mellitus were interviewed annually for 5 years. A model in which each stage in the maternal phenylketonuria life cycle represented a treatment-related goal provided a means to assess adher…
Urban Social-ecological Innovation
Metrics of urban morphology and their impact on energy consumption
Making Headway? Regulatory Compliance in the Shipping Industry
Globalisation has significantly changed the context of governance and regulation at both a national and international level. Such change has driven extensive debate on how to achieve more efficient regulation and better governance within new circumstances. A key concern at the level of the workplace, however, is how compliance with the standards required by regulations – whatever their form – is achieved in practice, and it is this that we are ma…
An independent review of British health and safety regulation? From common sense to non-sense
The view that regulatory provisions protecting the employment conditions of workers need to be minimised in order to protect the business needs of employers has been an ongoing theme in British governmental policy discourse over the past three decades. For the present Coalition government, the assumption that current levels of regulation are unduly burdensome on employers and hence harmful to the economy has continued to be enthusiastically voice…
The Dynamics of American Political Opinion
A perennial problem in public opinion research is how best to model not only static characteristics, but also to understand trends, movements, and changes in public opinion. Additionally, there is the challenge of connecting various policy areas into one networked policy space, a space that contains the various positions on often disparate substantive policy areas. The model presented here provides a 3-D topographical representation of policy are…
Ecological Networks
Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing. A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations). These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze…
Frameworks, Networks and the UK Regional Agenda
Planning at the landscape scale in Britain has had limited application. The origins, implementations and likely outcomes of new approaches to nature planning in Britain in which the spatial scale of planning could be 'landscape enabled' are traced. These approaches are termed 'framework' strategies, within which 'ecological networks' can be developed in order better to reflect species' behaviour and to overcome the restrictions of designation-bas…
Life in the Leatherwoods
Psychosocial factors in maternal phenylketonuria
OBJECTIVES. This study identified factors predicting adherence to medical recommendations in maternal phenylketonuria, which can result in severe fetal damage. METHODS. Sixty-nine women with phenylketonuria, 68 of their acquaintances, and 69 women with diabetes mellitus were interviewed annually for 5 years. A model in which each stage in the maternal phenylketonuria life cycle represented a treatment-related goal provided a means to assess adher…
The World War I Army Bandsman
Only a few accounts reveal the activities of U.S. bands and bandsmen during World War I, particularly how the bands developed, functioned, and fit into the new conscription army. From 1905 until his death Philip James (1890-1975) kept a remarkable diary that includes information on his army career during the first great war of this century. James was born in Jersey City, and except for his World War I experiences near and on the front lines in Fr…
Does Safety Pay? A Critical Account of the Health and Safety Executive Document
A central question in health and safety is the relationship between good practice and the financial performance of capitalist enterprises. Two alternative views have been presented on this issue: in one, good health and safety management is seen as contributing to sound enterprise finan cial performance; in the other, an inherent contradiction is seen to exist between expenditure on health and safety and the desire on the part of the employers to…
Using Routine Data to Evaluate Quality of Care in British Hospitals
OBJECTIVES: As part of the process of developing an international comparative study of the outcome of hospital care it has been necessary to understand what data on hospital activity are available and how they compare with those in other countries. The authors describe the administrative data collected in British National Health Service Hospitals, with emphasis on how they differ from that available in the United States. METHODS: A description of…
The Influence of a Period of Environment-orientated Work Experience on Students' Perception of their Learning Style
Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing. A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations). These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze…
Regional sustainable development
With the creation of the Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) on 1 April 1999 a new regional focus for planning and development now exists within England. Whilst primarily being concerned with economic development and regeneration, the RDAs also have a statutory responsibility to promote sustainable development. Policy guiding RDAs and their responsibilities has been reviewed and examined in relation to their ability to satisfy two central tenets…
The Dynamics of American Political Opinion
A perennial problem in public opinion research is how best to model not only static characteristics, but also to understand trends, movements, and changes in public opinion. Additionally, there is the challenge of connecting various policy areas into one networked policy space, a space that contains the various positions on often disparate substantive policy areas. The model presented here provides a 3-D topographical representation of policy are…
Ecological Networks
Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing. A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations). These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze…
Frameworks, Networks and the UK Regional Agenda
Planning at the landscape scale in Britain has had limited application. The origins, implementations and likely outcomes of new approaches to nature planning in Britain in which the spatial scale of planning could be 'landscape enabled' are traced. These approaches are termed 'framework' strategies, within which 'ecological networks' can be developed in order better to reflect species' behaviour and to overcome the restrictions of designation-bas…
Understanding Small Firm Responses to Regulation
This article aims to contribute to our understanding of the varied responses of small and micro enterprises to regulation and their implications for regulatory policy, using statutory occupational health and safety requirements as an example. Particular emphasis is given to the relevance of an understanding of business responses to regulation that is informed by a wider range of evidence and perspectives than that which has tended to dominate rec…
The Role of Competition in Best Value
This article investigates the role of ‘competition’ within Best Value (BV) and compares it with that of Compulsory Competitive Tendering (CCT). Utilising results of a survey of BV lead officers, the article reveals that ‘competition’ is not being used as widely as may have been expected. However, in terms of outcomes, services subject to BV seem to be at least as likely to be provided externally as would have been the case under CCT. Further anal…
Workplace partnership and public service provision
This article considers the extent to which partnership espoused in Best Value is likely to be compatible with the model of social partnership espoused for employment relations. More specifically, the article seeks to cast light, empirically, on the degree to which Best Value can support the series of mutually supportive arrangements between these external stakeholders while maintaining positive-sum relationships with their unions and staff. The a…
Promoting ecosystem and human health in urban areas using Green Infrastructure
Local landscape character assessment
Planning, especially with the increasing prominence given to community involvement, is a key vehicle for delivering sustainable development. Between 2003 and 2005 two community groups in Cheshire wrote parish landscape character assessments. The completed assessments were combined with an appropriate village design statement and subsequently approved as Supplementary Planning Guidance by Chester City and Vale Royal District Councils respectively.…
Towards an integrated understanding of green space in the European built environment
The outsourcing of social care in Britain
While recent decades have witnessed a growth in the outsourcing of public services in Britain, the post-1997 UK Labour governments have sought to put in place mechanisms aimed at encouraging long-term collaborative contracting relationships marked by less reliance on cost-based competition. This article explores empirically how far these mechanisms have achieved their aims and thereby acted to protect the employment conditions of staff, and links…
Gender Differences in Psychiatric Symptomatology in Adolescents Attending a Community Drug and Alcohol Treatment Program
This study examines mental health symptoms in a cohort of adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD), and attempts to determine if mental health symptoms differed by gender. We retrospectively looked at the Beck's Youth Inventory Second Edition (BYI-II) scores of 88 clients attending a community drug and alcohol treatment service in Dublin, Ireland that were completed at intake as part of their assessment. The raw and T-scores of the male pati…
How to do (or not to do) … a social network analysis in health systems research
The main challenges in international health are to scale up effective health interventions in low- and middle-income countries in order to reach a higher proportion of the population. This can be achieved through better insight into how health systems are structured. Social network analysis can provide an appropriate and innovative paradigm for the health systems researcher, allow new analyses of the structure of health systems, and facilitate un…
An independent review of British health and safety regulation? From common sense to non-sense
The view that regulatory provisions protecting the employment conditions of workers need to be minimised in order to protect the business needs of employers has been an ongoing theme in British governmental policy discourse over the past three decades. For the present Coalition government, the assumption that current levels of regulation are unduly burdensome on employers and hence harmful to the economy has continued to be enthusiastically voice…
Plane Queer
"In this vibrant new history, Phil Tiemeyer details the history of men working as flight attendants. Beginning with the founding of the profession in the late 1920s and continuing into the post-September 11 era, Plane Queer examines the history of men who joined workplaces customarily identified as female-oriented. It examines the various hardships these men faced at work, paying particular attention to the conflation of gender-based, sexuality-b…
Room for Manoeuvre? Regulatory Compliance in the Global Shipping Industry
This article combines data from two separate studies of the shipping industry, one on enforcement of new regulations on the use of low-sulphur fuel and one on supply chain influences on ship operators’ health and safety policies and practices. The shipping industry is a valuable natural laboratory for the study of patterns of compliance and governance in late modernity because it is characterised both by highly developed polycentric governance st…
The role of social networks in the governance of health systems
Efforts have been increasingly invested to improve local health systems' capacities in developing countries. We describe the application of innovative methods based on a social network analysis approach. The findings presented refer to a study carried out between July 2008 and January 2010 in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. Social network analysis methods were applied in five different districts using the software package Ucinet to calculate the…
Effects of spatial pattern of greenspace on urban cooling in a large metropolitan area of eastern China
Making Headway? Regulatory Compliance in the Shipping Industry
Globalisation has significantly changed the context of governance and regulation at both a national and international level. Such change has driven extensive debate on how to achieve more efficient regulation and better governance within new circumstances. A key concern at the level of the workplace, however, is how compliance with the standards required by regulations – whatever their form – is achieved in practice, and it is this that we are ma…
Business (26 works) · Political science (23 works) · Economics (20 works) · Geography (19 works) · Computer Science (18 works) · Medicine (14 works) · Environmental planning (13 works) · Law (13 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Economic growth (11 works)