Philip Morgan
Biographic Data
| ID | 3594553 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Philip Morgan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Philip |
| FAMILY NAME | Morgan |
| SIGNATURE | MORGAN P |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Hull |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 139 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1902 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 111 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 28 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 26 |
Lucky Valley
Current teachers' perceptions and students' perspectives regarding activities modalities, instructional settings during primary school physical education classes in China
IntroductionThis study set out to understand the association between teaching practices, teacher confidence, competence, self-efficacy, and the resulting student outcomes.MethodsData regarding teaching behaviours were collected via video recording and then evaluated using the MASTER Observation Tool. The information about demographics, self-reported teaching confidence, competence, self-efficacy, and student outcomes was collected using questionn…
Male involvement in randomised trials testing psychotherapy or behavioural interventions for depression
The Slave Master of Trinidad
Maritime Slavery
Selective Versus Generalized Gender Bias in Childhood Health and Nutrition
We use data from India's National Family Health Survey (conducted in 1992-93, 1998-99, and 2005-06) to study gender discrimination across India among children aged 0-35 months. We focus on four measures of parental investment: (1) immunization, (2) received medical treatment for acute respiratory infection (ARI), (3) breastfed beyond 17 months, and (4) severe stunting. We contrast generalized discrimination that affects all daughters (vs. sons) w…
Prospective versus retrospective measurement of unwanted fertility
BACKGROUND: Unwanted fertility is the key concept necessary to assess the potential impact of more perfect fertility control. Measuring this continues to be a significant challenge, with several plausible competing measurement strategies. Retrospective strategies ask respondents, either during pregnancy or after birth, to recall if they wanted a(nother) birth at conception; these reports are likely to be biased by an unwillingness to label a preg…
The Rise and Demise of Slavery and the Slave Trade in the Atlantic World
Essays draw on quantitative and qualitative evidence to cast new light on slavery and the transatlantic slave trade as well as on the origins and development of the African diaspora. Drawing on new quantitative and qualitative evidence, this study reexamines the rise, transformation, and slow demise of slavery and the slave trade in the Atlantic world. The twelve essays here reveal the legacies and consequences of abolition and chronicle the firs…
Scaling-up an efficacious school-based physical activity intervention
Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( ACTRN12616000731493 ). Date of registration: June 3, 2016
A randomised controlled trial of multiple periods of outdoor free-play to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among 3 to 6 year old children attending childcare
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12616000347460 . Prospectively registered 17th March 2016
In the Pursuit of Sons
Even though Pakistan is a highly patriarchal society, it has not featured prominently in studies focusing on sex-selective abortion and sex ratios at birth. But with fertility declining and existing strong son preference-Pakistan has one of the highest desired sex ratios in the world-how will Pakistani families respond? In the pursuit of sons, will they have additional children or resort to sex-selective abortions? Or is there evidence that the p…
Gender Composition of Children and the Third Birth in the United States
Pollard and Morgan (2002) argued that the parental mixed-gender preference (i.e., parents' preference to have at least one son and one daughter) will weaken in the United States as aspects of gender become increasingly deinstitutionalized. They presented evidence that mixed-gender preference weakened in the 1986-1995 period compared to earlier and coined this change as emerging gender indifference. On the other hand, credible claims and evidence …
The Fascist Party and Popular Opinion in Mussolini’s Italy, by Paul Corner
Paul Corner’s excellent, well-sourced and well-argued book on the Italian Fascist regime has been an age in the making. Something of its content and tenor has been trailed in fairly recent articles which have emphasised the dictatorial, repressive nature of the regime, rather than its softer, consensual aspects, and the Italian people’s adaptation, rather than adoption, of Fascism’s ideological drive. Historiographically, the book appears at an i…
Walter Johnson. River of Dark Dreams
Journal Article Walter Johnson. River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom Get access Walter Johnson. River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom.Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 2013. Pp. 526. $35.00. Philip Morgan Philip Morgan Johns Hopkins University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 119, Issue 2, Ap…
Survivors
Adolescents’ perception of the relationship between movement skills, physical activity and sport
Movement skill competence is important to organised youth physical activity participation, but it is unclear how adolescents view this relationship. The primary aim of this study was to explore adolescents’ perception of the relationship between movement skills, physical activity and sport, and whether their perceptions differed according to extent of participation in organised physical activities. We recruited 33 (17 male) Grade 11 and 12 studen…
Michael R Ebner, Ordinary Violence in Mussolini’s Italy
Luigi Reale, Mussolini’s Concentration Camps for Civilians
The Effects of the Great Recession on Family Structure and Fertility
Recessions can alter family life by constraining the choices that individuals and couples make concerning their family lives and by activating the family's role as an emergency support system. Both effects were visible during and after the Great Recession. Fertility declined by 9 to 11 percent, depending on the measure, and the decline was greater in states that experienced higher increases in unemployment. The decline was greater among younger w…
A Cognitive-Social Model of Fertility Intentions
We examine the use and value of fertility intentions against the backdrop of theory and research in the cognitive and social sciences. First, we draw on recent brain and cognition research to contextualize fertility intentions within a broader set of conscious and unconscious mechanisms that contribute to mental function. Next, we integrate this research with social theory. Our conceptualizations suggest that people do not necessarily have fertil…
The Portuguese Atlantic World, C. 1650–C. 1760
After sixty years of Spanish rule, Restoration in 1640 saw the accession to the Portuguese throne of the duke of Braganza as Dom João IV. This did not erase Portuguese guilt by association. Spain's enemies still harassed Portugal. The Dutch suspended trade with Portugal and sought spices, sugar, and slaves in their places of origin. In the Atlantic, the Dutch occupied the north-east of Brazil (1630–1654), major ports of Angola (1640–1648), and th…
Popular Movements in Colonial Brazil
To speak of popular movements in Brazil before 1822 raises problems, especially if European and Atlantic contexts are considered. Who are the people, and how would they manifest themselves in a social formation marked by three centuries of slavery that not only deeply influenced the lives of Brazil's inhabitants but also articulated all economic and social relations, and radically demeaned the value of manual labour? Bondage in Brazil involved mi…
The Ecological Atlantic
In the Atlantic world in the centuries from 1450 to 1850, tumultuous changes in ecology had outsized impacts on human affairs. Historians have already laid useful foundations for an environmental history of the Atlantic world. Atlantic West Africa from Senegambia to the Gulf of Guinea participated in the ecological Atlantic by providing a few cultigens to the Americas, its share of pathogens (notably malaria and yellow fever), and above all by su…
Atlantic Warfare, 1440–1763
This article explores how changes in methods and intentions affected conflicts in the Atlantic world from the fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries. First, it defines war in this era — specifically, to distinguish between acts of war and other types of violence that occurred in the Atlantic world between 1440 and 1763. Although the peoples of the Atlantic world made war idiosyncratically in this era — shaping their uses of force to suit their par…
The Victoria History of Staffordshire
"The Victoria History of Staffordshire: Tamworth and Drayton Bassett." Landscape History, 43(1), pp. 141–142
The Correspondence Between Fertility Intentions and Behavior in the United States
Using data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we describe the correspondence between intended family size and observed fertility for US men and women in the 1957–64 birth cohorts. Mean fertility intentions calculated from reports given in the mid‐20s modestly overstate completed fertility. But discrepancies between stated intent and actual fertility are common—the stated intent at age 24 (for both women and men) is more likely t…
A Cognitive-Social Model of Fertility Intentions
We examine the use and value of fertility intentions against the backdrop of theory and research in the cognitive and social sciences. First, we draw on recent brain and cognition research to contextualize fertility intentions within a broader set of conscious and unconscious mechanisms that contribute to mental function. Next, we integrate this research with social theory. Our conceptualizations suggest that people do not necessarily have fertil…
Intended and Ideal Family Size in the United States, 1970-2002
Cross-nationally, observed fertility is well below mean levels of reported ideal family size and also usually well below survey respondents' fertility desires and intentions. The United States is an exception. In this article we: (1) discuss the importance of fertility ideals and intentions for understanding observed fertility levels, (2) propose a model that can account for variable attitude-behavior consistency, and (3) use this model as a fram…
Paternal Participation and Children's Well-being after Marital Dissolution
Using a nationally representative sample from the National Survey of Children of 227 children in the US aged 11-16 who had experienced their parents marital dissolution this paper examines whether children generally fare better when their noncustodial father maintains an active presence in their lives. For measures of academic difficulty problem behavior and psychological distress there is little evidence that paternal involvement had either harm…
Race Differences in the Timing of Adolescent Intercourse
Researchers have long been aware of sizeable racial differences in the prevalence and timing of premarital sexual behavior. In a national US sample of youth aged 15-16 blacks are shown about 4 times more likely than whites to report ever having intercourse. Various explanations are hypothesized: a demographic composotion explanation that stresses differential socioeconomic position; an explanation that focuses on the consequences of low socioecon…
Low Fertility at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century
In the past few decades, demographic concerns have shifted from rapid population growth fueled by high fertility to concerns of population decline produced by very low, sub-replacement fertility levels. Once considered a problem unique to Europe or developed nations, concerns now center on the global spread of low fertility. Nearly half of the world's population now lives in countries with fertility at or below replacement levels. Further, by the…
Fathers, Sons, and Daughters
Sons, Daughters, and the Risk of Marital Disruption
The association between the sex of children and their parents' risk of marital disruption is examined using the June 1980 Current Population Survey. The finding is that sons reduce the risk of marital disruption by 9% more than do daughters. This difference holds across marriage cohorts, racial groups, and categories of mother's education. A compelling explanation for these findings, supported by data from the National Survey of Children, stresse…
Emerging Parental Gender Indifference? Sex Composition of Children and the Third Birth
For much of the twentieth century, parents in the United States with two children of the same sex were more likely to have a third child than were parents with one son and one daughter, that is, there was an effect of the sex of previous children on the occurrence of a third birth. Using multiple cycles of the Current Population Survey and National Survey of Family Growth, the authors examine the strength of this effect on both fertility behavior…
Marital Disruption
Relying heavily on Ryder's (1965) argument concerning the central role of cohorts in social change and on Elder's (1978) work on life cycles, this paper integrates the disparate threads of the current marital disruption literature and provides an integrated framework for subsequent analysis. We focus on the study of intracohort life cycle development and comparative cohort careers. Our framework incorporates both elements simultaneously. Using 19…
Intermarriage and Social Distance Among U.S. Immigrants at the Turn of the Century
The pattern of assortative mating among European immigrants and native whites is examined by ethnicity and generation using a national sample drawn from the 1910 census manuscripts and a sample of marriages registered in New York City between 1908 and 1912. The pattern of assortative mating is virtually identical in the two data sets. Endogamy was strong for all groups examined, but was castelike for the "new" ethnics from eastern and southern Eu…
The Effects of the Great Recession on Family Structure and Fertility
Recessions can alter family life by constraining the choices that individuals and couples make concerning their family lives and by activating the family's role as an emergency support system. Both effects were visible during and after the Great Recession. Fertility declined by 9 to 11 percent, depending on the measure, and the decline was greater in states that experienced higher increases in unemployment. The decline was greater among younger w…
China's Below-Replacement Fertility
Between 1970 and 1990, China experiencoed a rapid and sharp fertility decline-from total fertility rates of approximately six births to two. The degree to which Chinese fertility has continued to fall after 1990 is controversial. We use survey data from the 1997 National Population and Reproductive Health Survey and from the 2001 Reproductive Health and Family Planning Survey to document recent trends in Chinese fertility. Our estimates provide f…
Marriage Dissolution in Australia
Interest in rising rates of marriage dissolution has been accompanied by curiosity concerning structural as well as temporal predictors of dissolution. Many factors may play a part: characteristics of the bride and groom; the circumstances surrounding the marriage, such as the length of periods of previous cohabitation; and situational factors within the marriage, such as the births of children and wives' employment. We examine the association be…
Child-Care Availability and Fertility in Norway
The child-care and fertility hypothesis has been in the literature for a long time and is straightforward: As child care becomes more available, affordable, and acceptable, the antinatalist effects of increased female educational attainment and work opportunities decrease. As an increasing number of countries express concern about low fertility, the child-care and fertility hypothesis takes on increased importance. Yet data and statistical limita…
Muslim and Non-Muslim Differences in Female Autonomy and Fertility
On the basis of research on paired Muslim and non-Muslim communities selected in India, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines, the authors test the hypothesis that greater observed Muslim pronatalism can be explained by less power or lower autonomy among Muslim women. Indeed, wives in the Muslim communities, compared to the non-Muslim ones: 1) had more children, 2) were more likely to desire additional children, and 3) if they desired no more c…
Gender Inequality and Fertility in Two Nepali Villages
This study supports the authors argument that greater autonomy for women lowers fertility by reducing the desire for more children increasing contraceptive use and lowering the level of unmet need for contraception. Social context in general and gender inequality in particular are important determinants of fertility behavior. The theoretical strategy relies on the quasi-anthropological approach of Smith (1989). Surveys were conducted in two villa…
Late Nineteenth-And Early Twentieth-Century Childlessness
In some northeastern states, levels of childlessness approached 30% for women born in the mid-19th century. Other states in the South and West had levels of 6%-8%. Nationally, childlessness increased across cohorts born in the latter part of the 19th century. Nonmarriage and delayed marriage account for some of this variability. But the argument here is that fertility control within marriage played a major role in producing these differentials. B…
The Persistence of Extended Family Residence in Japan
Reasons for the continuing popularity of extended family residence in Japan are explored. Such family patterns involve different generations of a family living together in one household. The authors suggest that far from being a relic of past practice extended family residence is actively preferred by many families because of the associated benefits such as child care and shared housework. (ANNOTATION
Racial Differences in Household and Family Structure at the Turn of the Century
Using recently available data drawn from the 1910 census manuscripts, this article documents sharp racial differences in family and household structure at the turn of the century. Compared with those of native whites, African-American households were less likely to be nuclear and more likely to be headed by women. Further, African-American women were much more likely than white women to have surviving children who were not living with them at the…
Marriage, Sex, and the First Birth Interval
The authors argue that under certain conditions changes in coital frequency do influence fertility. The evidence they present is indirect based on trends in early marital fertility in Korea Malaysia and Taiwan. They offer standard sociodemographic explanations for these trends including later age at marriage improved levels of nutrition and changes in breastfeeding and contraceptive practices and find them wanting for various reasons. The biometr…
Logistic Regression
Family studies have seen a dramatic increase in the use of statistical tools for the analysis of nominal-level variables. Such models are categorized as log-linear models often known as logit models or logistic-regression models. Despite logistic regressions growing popularity there is still confusion about the nature and proper use in family studies. The authors present a nontechnical discussion of logistic regression with illustrations and comp…
Parenthood and the Attitudes of Young Adults
The association between parenthood sex role attitudes and aspirations was examined through data from the US National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. Those who became parents since 1976 were significantly more traditional in terms of sex role attitudes than those who remained childless although the difference was not as dramatic among blacks. Those who became parents in the 1976-79 period tended however to have been more tradi…
Characteristic Features of Modern American Fertility
S. Philip Morgan, Characteristic Features of Modern American Fertility, Population and Development Review, Vol. 22, Supplement: Fertility in the United States: New Patterns, New Theories (1996), pp. 19-63
Agency and Diaspora in Atlantic History
Broadly speaking, two contrasting models dominate interpretations of Atlantic history. One draws on Old World influences to explain the nature of societies and cultures in the Americas, while the other assigns primacy to the New World environment. One stresses continuities, the other change. The polar extremes are persistence and transience, inheritance and experience. An emphasis on inheritance prioritizes the cultural baggage that migrants brou…
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access P. J. MORGAN P. J. MORGAN University of Hull Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCIII, Issue CCCLXVIII, July 1978, Pages 691–692, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCIII.CCCLXVIII.691 Published: 01 July 1978
Short Notices
Journal Article SHORT NOTICES Get access PHILIP MORGAN PHILIP MORGAN University of Hull Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCV, Issue CCCLXXV, April 1980, Pages 466–467, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCV.CCCLXXV.466 Published: 01 April 1980
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access PHILIP MORGAN PHILIP MORGAN University of Hull Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCVII, Issue CCCLXXXII, January 1982, Pages 213-a–213, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCVII.CCCLXXXII.213-a Published: 01 January 1982
The Persistence of Extended Family Residence in Japan
Reasons for the continuing popularity of extended family residence in Japan are explored. Such family patterns involve different generations of a family living together in one household. The authors suggest that far from being a relic of past practice extended family residence is actively preferred by many families because of the associated benefits such as child care and shared housework. (ANNOTATION
Marriage, Sex, and the First Birth Interval
The authors argue that under certain conditions changes in coital frequency do influence fertility. The evidence they present is indirect based on trends in early marital fertility in Korea Malaysia and Taiwan. They offer standard sociodemographic explanations for these trends including later age at marriage improved levels of nutrition and changes in breastfeeding and contraceptive practices and find them wanting for various reasons. The biometr…
Toward a Theory of Income Determination
The goal of this article is to construct a theoretical framework for the study of income determination that incorporates elements of three major approaches we characterize as status attainment, human capital, and structural approaches. These three approaches are briefly reviewed and criticized. The framework is introduced through the theoretical concepts of the social relations of production and exchange, the sociotechnical relations of productio…
The Transition to Motherhood
Prior work on the determinants of the 1st-birth process can be divided into 3 approaches: 1) time-series analysis focusing on description and determinants of trends; 2) cross-sectional studies examing childlessness or adolescent fertility; and 3) life-course studies dealing with the timing of fertility relative to other events. Drawing on these traditions, the conceptual framework places the 1st-birth process within, respectively, an aggregate-ti…
Modern Fertility Patterns
In the United States Ryder (1969 1980) has documented the emergence of a modem fertility pattern characterized by nearly universal parenthood relatively early ages at childbearing very small families and the dominance of timing shifts (over number shifts) in affecting fertility rates. While small families are characteristic of both the United States and Japan two other features of this modern pattern-the timing of the first birth and the proporti…
Markets and Trade in West Africa
The limited size of domestic markets, the availability of natural and technological resources in national units, and the desire to retain some form of protection against full global competition are all factors which promote the formation of regional economic groupings. National markets are usually too small to support efficient industries, exploiting economies of scale or specialization. The elimination of tariffs within an economic community and…
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access PHILIP MORGAN PHILIP MORGAN University of Hull Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume C, Issue CCCXCV, April 1985, Pages 479-b–480, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/C.CCCXCV.479-b Published: 01 April 1985
Slavery in Colonial Georgia, 1730-1775
Marital Disruption
Relying heavily on Ryder's (1965) argument concerning the central role of cohorts in social change and on Elder's (1978) work on life cycles, this paper integrates the disparate threads of the current marital disruption literature and provides an integrated framework for subsequent analysis. We focus on the study of intracohort life cycle development and comparative cohort careers. Our framework incorporates both elements simultaneously. Using 19…
Childlessness in Rural Ethiopia
The 1981 Rural Demographic Survey focused on current and retrospective fertility mortality and migration information collecting data at 50000 households in 12 provinces of Ethiopia. Patterns of primary and secondary infertility by province and cohort showed a clear decline of women never having a child; having a 1st child but not a 2nd; having a 2nd child but not a 3rd. Childlessness dropped from 12% of the earliest cohort to 5%; 2nd birth declin…
Parenthood and the Attitudes of Young Adults
The association between parenthood sex role attitudes and aspirations was examined through data from the US National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. Those who became parents since 1976 were significantly more traditional in terms of sex role attitudes than those who remained childless although the difference was not as dramatic among blacks. Those who became parents in the 1976-79 period tended however to have been more tradi…
Race Differences in the Timing of Adolescent Intercourse
Researchers have long been aware of sizeable racial differences in the prevalence and timing of premarital sexual behavior. In a national US sample of youth aged 15-16 blacks are shown about 4 times more likely than whites to report ever having intercourse. Various explanations are hypothesized: a demographic composotion explanation that stresses differential socioeconomic position; an explanation that focuses on the consequences of low socioecon…
Paternal Participation and Children's Well-being after Marital Dissolution
Using a nationally representative sample from the National Survey of Children of 227 children in the US aged 11-16 who had experienced their parents marital dissolution this paper examines whether children generally fare better when their noncustodial father maintains an active presence in their lives. For measures of academic difficulty problem behavior and psychological distress there is little evidence that paternal involvement had either harm…
Socioeconomic and Institutional Correlates of Family Formation
This paper examines socioeconomic and institutional determinants of marriage timing in Khartoum Sudan. Using a 1975 survey which was part of the Changing African Family Project the authors examine age at marriage between 1945 and 1975. Age at marriage rose sharply across the later years of the study--over 2 years across the 1965-1975 marriage cohorts. The theoretical approach stresses recognition of the institutional context. Special attention fo…
Teenage Pregnancy in Industrialized Countries
Shorter Notices
Shorter Notices Get access PHILIP MORGAN PHILIP MORGAN University of Hull Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CIII, Issue CCCCIX, October 1988, Pages 1085–1086, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CIII.CCCCIX.1085 Published: 01 October 1988
First Births in America
Americans today are becoming parents at older ages; more of them are also remaining childless. This book addresses what causes some members of the population to choose delay or permanent childlessness how far they pervade American society and how their parenthood schedules compare with those in other developed countries. The authors bring a wide variety of data sources to bear on the question of whether these delays will be greater and permanent …
Unfree Labor
Adolescent Mothers in Later Life
Logistic Regression
Family studies have seen a dramatic increase in the use of statistical tools for the analysis of nominal-level variables. Such models are categorized as log-linear models often known as logit models or logistic-regression models. Despite logistic regressions growing popularity there is still confusion about the nature and proper use in family studies. The authors present a nontechnical discussion of logistic regression with illustrations and comp…
Living Arrangements and Family Formation
Sons, Daughters, and the Risk of Marital Disruption
The association between the sex of children and their parents' risk of marital disruption is examined using the June 1980 Current Population Survey. The finding is that sons reduce the risk of marital disruption by 9% more than do daughters. This difference holds across marriage cohorts, racial groups, and categories of mother's education. A compelling explanation for these findings, supported by data from the National Survey of Children, stresse…
Sociology (68 works) · History (66 works) · Political science (59 works) · Demography (42 works) · Geography (42 works) · Economics (37 works) · Psychology (36 works) · Family Dynamics and Relationships (35 works) · Population (35 works) · Colonialism, slavery, and trade (34 works)