John L Campbell
Biographic Data
| ID | 3608014 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John L Campbell |
| GIVEN NAMES | John L |
| FAMILY NAME | Campbell |
| SIGNATURE | CAMPBELL J L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Dartmouth College |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7788-0171 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 101 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1363 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 101 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 6 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1936 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
The Use of External Anchors When Examining Differences in Scale Performance in Patient Experience Surveys
OBJECTIVES: To present an example of using vignettes as an external anchor to assess measurement equivalence for patient experience measures. BACKGROUND: Evaluating measurement equivalence and differences in scale use is helpful for identifying disparities in patient experience based on patient surveys. External anchors, often in the form of scored vignettes, provide an attractive approach to examining differences in scale use but are not commonl…
Early warning signals of changing resilience in the biogeochemistry and biology of a northern hardwood forest
Resilience is the ability of ecosystems to maintain function while experiencing perturbation. Globally, forests are experiencing disturbances of unprecedented quantity, type, and magnitude that may diminish resilience. Early warning signals are statistical properties of data whose increase over time may provide insights into decreasing resilience, but there have been few applications to forests. We quantified four early warning signals (standard …
Coupled human-natural system impacts of a winter weather whiplash event
In October 2011, the Halloween Nor’easter produced unusually early and heavy snowfall while leaves were still on the trees, causing extensive damage throughout the northeastern United States. This storm is an example of winter weather whiplash, in which an abrupt, back-and-forth swing in winter weather affects coupled human and natural systems. Research on the social-ecological drivers and impacts of winter weather whiplash is scarce because most…
State Capitalism and the Financial Crisis
This chapter reviews the neoliberal origins of the 2008 financial crisis and explains how different types of nation-states coped with it. There were significant differences between how liberal and coordinated market economies responded. The chapter also examines the international response to the crisis and how banks reacted to it. The chapter concludes by reviewing the lessons learned from the crisis.
Institutions under Siege
Much of the research on institutional change shows how systems shift slowly and incrementally. Yet, in the case of former President Donald Trump, change was rapid and radical. In Institutions Under Siege, leading political sociologist John L. Campbell offers new insights for understanding the legacy of the Trump presidency. The book examines Trump's attack on the 'deep state' through the lens of institutional change theory, and demonstrates how h…
What Capitalism Needs
From unemployment to Brexit to climate change, capitalism is in trouble and ill-prepared to cope with the challenges of the coming decades. How did we get here? While contemporary economists and policymakers tend to ignore the political and social dimensions of capitalism, some of the great economists of the past - Adam Smith, Friedrich List, John Maynard Keynes, Joseph Schumpeter, Karl Polanyi and Albert Hirschman - did not make the same mistake…
Institutional Change and Globalization
Improving uncertainty in forest carbon accounting for Redd+ mitigation efforts
Reductions in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are urgently needed to avoid the most catastrophic consequences of warming. Reducing deforestation and forest degradation presents a climate change mitigation opportunity critical to meeting Paris Agreement goals. One strategy for decreasing carbon emissions from forests is to provide developing countries with results-based financial incentives for reducing deforestation: nearly two bil…
Self-Responsibility Gone Bad
The rise of self-responsibility as practiced in many public policy areas was part of the more general rise of neoliberalism. A case in point is the corporate social responsibility movement. This led in the world of finance to the 2008 financial crisis thanks to various deregulatory moves beginning in the early 1980s. As such, the crisis was the product of a series of incremental institutional changes that enabled corporate self-responsibility in …
The Rise of Neoliberalism and Institutional Analysis
American Discontent
This book is about how Donald Trump, who had no prior public service, became president of the United States. It argues that Trump capitalized on a wave of increasing public discontent that stemmed from the demise of the country’s Golden Age of prosperity. This involved decades-long trends in the American economy, race relations, ideology, and political polarization, all of which fueled rising discontent across America. It reached a tipping point …
Race and Ethnicity
Chapter 4 explains how America’s economic decline took on racial tones. For years minorities had been blamed for higher taxes, job loss, and depressed wages, as well as crime, terrorism, and a general assault on traditional American values. However, the facts were at odds with these perceptions. But that didn’t matter to Trump, who disregarded the facts and capitalized on the public’s misunderstandings. Racial scapegoating was not new to the Unit…
Government Ideology, Economic Pressure, and Risk Privatization
The Paradox of Vulnerability
The Paradox of Vulnerability
Why are small and culturally homogeneous nation-states in the advanced capitalist world so prosperous? Examining how Denmark, Ireland, and Switzerland managed the 2008 financial crisis, this book shows that this is not an accident. The book argues that a prolonged sense of vulnerability within both the state and the nation encourages the development of institutions that enable decision makers to act together quickly in order to survive, especiall…
The Paradox of Vulnerability
Why are small and culturally homogeneous nation-states in the advanced capitalist world so prosperous? Examining how Denmark, Ireland, and Switzerland managed the 2008 financial crisis, The Paradox of Vulnerability shows that this is not an accident. John Campbell and John Hall argue that a prolonged sense of vulnerability within both the state and the nation encourages the development of institutions that enable decision makers to act together q…
Studying the Power Elite
Wasting the doctor's time? A video-elicitation interview study with patients in primary care
Imagined Futures
Book review of Imagined Futures: Fictional Expectations and Capitalist Dynamics . By Jens Beckert. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2016. Pp. ix1373. $39.95
Do insect outbreaks reduce the severity of subsequent forest fires
Understanding the causes and consequences of rapid environmental change is an essential scientific frontier, particularly given the threat of climate- and land use-induced changes in disturbance regimes. In western North America, recent widespread insect outbreaks and wildfires have sparked acute concerns about potential insect-fire interactions. Although previous research shows that insect activity typically does not increase wildfire likelihood…
Crisis
Government and Business
There is a vast literature about the relationships between government and business in advanced capitalist societies.
The role of patient experience surveys in quality assurance and improvement
BACKGROUND: Despite widespread adoption of patient feedback surveys in international health-care systems, including the English NHS, evidence of a demonstrable impact of surveys on service improvement is sparse. OBJECTIVE: To explore the views of primary care practice staff regarding the utility of patient experience surveys. DESIGN: Qualitative focus groups. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Staff from 14 English general practices. RESULTS: Whilst parti…
Drivers of overall satisfaction with primary care
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To determine which aspects of primary care matter most to patients, we aim to identify those aspects of patient experience that show the strongest relationship with overall satisfaction and examine the extent to which these relationships vary by socio-demographic and health characteristics. DESIGN/SETTING: Data from the 2009/10 English General Practice Patient Survey including 2,169,718 respondents registered with 8362 prim…
State and Economy
The literature on the relationship between states and economies is vast. This entry focuses exclusively on states and economies in advanced capitalist societies. In this context, sociologists tend to follow Max Weber in viewing nation‐states as organizations consisting of administrative, legislative, judicial, and military apparatuses that govern a finite territory, ultimately through the use of force if necessary. They tend to view economies as …
Coding In-depth Semistructured Interviews
Many social science studies are based on coded in-depth semistructured interview transcripts. But researchers rarely report or discuss coding reliability in this work. Nor is there much literature on the subject for this type of data. This article presents a procedure for developing coding schemes for such data. It involves standardizing the units of text on which coders work and then improving the coding scheme's discriminant capability (i.e., r…
Ideas, Politics, and Public Policy
Scholars have become acutely interested in how behavior driven by ideas rather than self-interest determines policy-making outcomes. This review examines the literature on this subject. It differentiates among the types of ideas that may affect policy making (i.e., cognitive paradigms, world views, norms, frames, and policy programs) and identifies some of the persistent difficulties associated with studying how ideas shape policy. In particular,…
Institutional analysis and the role of ideas in political economy
The rise of neoliberalism and institutional analysis
Property Rights and the Organization of Economic Activity by the State
In advanced capitalist society the state helps shape the institutional organization of the economy. We show how the state shapes the economy through the manipulation of property rights. The state's actions create pressures for change that lead actors to look for new forms of economic organization. The state also assists, leads, or constrains the process of selecting new forms of economic organization that emerge in response to these pressures, an…
The Varieties of Capitalism and Hybrid Success
The varieties of capitalism literature maintains that advanced capitalist countries whose institutions best fit either the liberal or coordinated market economy types will perform better than countries whose institutions are mixed. This is because hybrids are less likely to yield functionally beneficial institutional complementarities. The authors challenge this assertion. Denmark has performed as well as many purer cases during the 1990s. And De…
How Institutions Evolve
Institutional Analysis and the Paradox of Corporate Social Responsibility
This article develops a series of causal propositions specifying the institutional conditions under which firms are likely to act in socially responsible ways, as defined by a standard of minimally acceptable corporate behavior. Little theoretical attention has been paid to understanding the causes of corporate social responsibility (CSR). By using institutional theory to explore the determinants of CSR, this article not only sheds light on a bli…
Measuring cultural diversity
Many claim that national economic success depends upon cultural homogeneity. We collect new time-series data and develop new measures of ethnic, linguistic and religious fractionalization for the OECD countries. We show that cultural diversity may vary by type across countries and over short periods of time. We also show that our measure of ethnic fractionalization is a significant predictor of economic performance in OECD countries despite the f…
National identity and the political economy of small states
Building on insights from Katzenstein and Gellner, the authors theorize that small, culturally homogeneous countries with a strong national identity have institutional advantages that tend to enhance their long-term socioeconomic performance. They can coordinate policy in ways that help them respond successfully to external vulnerabilities by building institutional capacities for cooperation, sacrifice, flexible maneuvering, and concerted state a…
State Revenue Extraction from Different Income Groups
We examine the conditions that affected the progressivity of the individual income tax in the United States between 1916 and 1986. A multivariate time-series analysis shows how macroeconomic conditions, state imperatives, the organizational capacities of social classes, and political conditions have affected the progressivity and the symbolic component of the income tax. Progressivity is measured by the difference between the effective tax rates …
Policy ideas, knowledge regimes and comparative political economy
Despite much attention to how ideas affect policy making, where these ideas come from is a blind spot in comparative political economy. We show that an important source of policy ideas are knowledge regimes—fields of policy research organizations. We show as well that the organization of knowledge regimes is heavily influenced by the organization of their surrounding political economies such that knowledge regimes have particular national charact…
Institutional competitiveness in the global economy
Despite high taxes, a large welfare state, and much economic regulation, Denmark competes successfully against other advanced capitalist economies. Denmark’s success is based in large part on its institutional competitiveness – its capacity to achieve socioeconomic success as a result of the competitive advantages that firms derive from operating within a particular set of institutions. The institutional basis for successfully coordinating labor …
Wasting the doctor's time? A video-elicitation interview study with patients in primary care
Neoliberalism’s penal and debtor states
Defending the Gellnerian premise
The teleological functionalism of Gellner's theory of nationalism has been much criticised. Attention here is on a different matter, namely Gellner's basic premise – that national homogeneity is a condition for societal success. We defend this view in a particular way – by showing that small, culturally homogeneous countries have advantages that often enhance their socioeconomic performance. They can coordinate policy in ways that help them respo…
Recent Trends in Institutional Political Economy
Interest in developing institutional explanations of political and economic behavior has blossomed among social scientists since the early 1980s. Three intellectual perspectives are now prevalent: rational choice theory, historical institutionalism and a new school of organizational analysis. This paper summarizes, compares and contrasts these views and suggests ways in which cross‐fertilization may be achieved. Particular attention is paid to ho…
Collapse of an Industry
Government Ideology, Economic Pressure, and Risk Privatization
The impact of using computer decision-support software in primary care nurse-led telephone triage
An institutional analysis of fiscal reform in postcommunist Europe
Are genetic tests exceptional? Lessons from a qualitative study on thrombophilia
Nation-State Size, Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance in the Advanced Capitalist Countries
This paper examines the proposition that the economic performance of advanced capitalist countries depends on their size and ethnic composition. As such it blends insights from two important literatures in comparative political economy. One is exemplified by the work of Peter Katzenstein, who wrote the classic treatise on the relationship between nation-state size and economic performance. Another is illustrated by the work of Ernest Gellner, who…
Taming the Sovereigns
Taming the Sovereigns: Institutional Change in International Politics. By K. J. Holsti. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 372p. $70.00 cloth, $25.99 paper. For those who want to understand how international political institutions have developed and changed over the last 300 years, this is the book for you. K. J. Holsti begins from the premise that we actually know very little about how these institutions have changed and especially abou…
The Political Economy of Revenue Extraction in the Modern State
Journal Article The Political Economy of Revenue Extraction in the Modern State: A Time-Series Analysis of U.S. Income Taxes, 1916–1986 Get access John L. Campbell, John L. Campbell Harvard University Direct correspondence to John L. Campbell, Department of Sociology, William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael Patrick Allen Micha…
Scottish Gaelic in Canada
ALTHOUGH Scottish Gaelic must have been spoken in America by separate families and individuals since the beginning of the eighteenth century, there is no record of its having become established as the speech of a community until nearly a hundred years later, when the first large scale emigration to Canada from the Highlands of Scotland took place. This emigration was partly voluntary, due to the pressure of overpopulation and poverty and the desi…
Duain Ghàidhealach mu Bhliadhna Theàrlaich. Highland Songs of the Forty-Five
Waulking in the Hebrides
Hebridean Folksongs
Social and Economic Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal
The State and the Nuclear Waste Crisis
The U.S. government has failed to provide for the reprocessing of radioactive waste despite the fact that commercial reactors have produced several million pounds of it over the last thirty years. I analyze this policy-making failure by focusing on the important institutional constraints that limited the ability of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission to implement its reprocessing plan. I show how competition in the private reprocessing industry, th…
Collapse of an Industry
The commercial nuclear power industry was flourishing in the United States in the early 1970s; fifteen years later, the enterprise had collapsed. John L. Campbell examines the history of this debacle in order to explore how state and market shape each other under modern capitalism. In Collapse of an Industry , Campbell confronts controversial issues whose implications range far beyond the specifics of the nuclear power industry: the relative meri…
Collapse of an Industry
Organized Technology
Organized Technology is a first step in meeting this challenge. The book is based on an intensive study of radioactive waste and solar cell research, two large-scale technical systems important to U.S. energy policy. Historical and organizational analyses are combined with results from interviews with a national sample of scientists, engineers, managers, policymakers, and public-interest advocates in a new approach to technology analysis
Songs Remembered in Exile
Collapse of an Industry
Collapse of an Industry
Property Rights and the Organization of Economic Activity by the State
In advanced capitalist society the state helps shape the institutional organization of the economy. We show how the state shapes the economy through the manipulation of property rights. The state's actions create pressures for change that lead actors to look for new forms of economic organization. The state also assists, leads, or constrains the process of selecting new forms of economic organization that emerge in response to these pressures, an…
Governance of the American Economy
In this book, nine scholars representing various perspectives examine institutions that govern economic activity in the United States and the dramatic changes they have undergone since the late nineteenth century. They investigate how and why these changes occurred and continue to occur as markets become more volatile, technology changes and international competition becomes more intense. They also address general questions about the governance o…
Economic governance and the analysis of structural change in the American economy
The institutions that govern economic activity in the United States have changed dramatically since the late nineteenth century and continue to do so as politicians, business leaders, and others scramble to cope with sluggish productivity, rapid technological change, volatile markets, increasing international competition, trade deficits, and a host of other problems that plague the economy. This book explains how and why these transformations in …
Nuclear Politics
Governance of the American Economy
Research in Political Sociology
The Fiscal Crisis of Post-Communist States
Despite successful efforts to balance the budget in 1990 through reductions in spending for health care, education, and enterprise subsidies, the Polish government spent 11% more than it raised in revenues in 1991 and anticipates a budget deficit of more than 65 billion zloty in 1992. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) warned that unless the deficit is limited to 5% of Gross National Product in 1992, credits will be suspended. Other post-commu…
The State and Fiscal Sociology
Despite recent developments in “fiscal sociology” (i.e. the sociological analysis of taxation and public finances), few efforts have been made to synthesize scholarly developments in the field. This is particularly surprising because much of the literature on the determinants of taxation bears directly on the debates in political sociology about the social, political, institutional, and other determinants of government policy. This essay reviews …
Governance of the American Economy
Beyond Keynesianism
Forging Industrial Policy
The United States, France and Britain use markedly different kinds of industrial policies to foster economic growth today. To understand the origins of these different policies, this book examines the evolution of public policies governing one of the first modern industries, the railroads. The author challenges conventional thinking in economics, political science and sociology by arguing that cultural meaning plays an important role in the devel…
The Political Economy of Revenue Extraction in the Modern State
Journal Article The Political Economy of Revenue Extraction in the Modern State: A Time-Series Analysis of U.S. Income Taxes, 1916–1986 Get access John L. Campbell, John L. Campbell Harvard University Direct correspondence to John L. Campbell, Department of Sociology, William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michael Patrick Allen Micha…
State Revenue Extraction from Different Income Groups
We examine the conditions that affected the progressivity of the individual income tax in the United States between 1916 and 1986. A multivariate time-series analysis shows how macroeconomic conditions, state imperatives, the organizational capacities of social classes, and political conditions have affected the progressivity and the symbolic component of the income tax. Progressivity is measured by the difference between the effective tax rates …
Political science (67 works) · Economics (48 works) · Law (38 works) · Sociology (37 works) · Politics (34 works) · Political economy (31 works) · Social Policy and Reform Studies (27 works) · Law (17 works) · Economic system (16 works) · History (16 works)