Christopher Thomas
Biographic Data
| ID | 3653377 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christopher Thomas |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christopher |
| FAMILY NAME | Thomas |
| SIGNATURE | THOMAS C |
| AFFILIATIONS | John Jay College of Criminal Justice |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0346-2417 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 41 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 305 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 41 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1933 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Collaborator or Accomplice? A National Examination of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in School District Discipline Policy
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a regular part of K-12 education, being used by students and educators. While AI has many potential benefits, there are concerns that AI may be misused—from academic dishonesty to inappropriate technology use—resulting in school disciplinary responses. This study reports the findings of a nationally representative study of school district student handbooks and their codes of conduct. The findings show that …
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist use and violent crime among US adults
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs), a class of medications widely prescribed for diabetes and obesity, have exhibited emerging effects on substance use, reward processing, and impulse control. This study examines whether current GLP‐1 RA use moderates established behavioral pathways to violent crime from impulsivity and alcohol use. Data come from a 2025 nationally representative US survey ( n = 7521; 821 lifetime GLP‐1 RA user…
How Gun Violence Exposure Influences Racial Health Disparities among Adults in the United States
Gun violence is a pressing public health concern that disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities in the United States (US). This study examined whether gun violence exposure (GVE) connects socioeconomic disadvantage to racial disparities in health among US adults. Data came from a nationally representative 2024 survey of 7,066 Black, Hispanic, and White adults. Individual- and community-level disadvantage were measured alongside a fi…
On recognizing the real
If the guiding question of ethics is “how should I live?,” then the guiding question of aesthetics might be “what is beauty?” For Simone Weil, these two questions have intertwined answers that turn on a like conceptual apparatus. Focussing on Weil's foremost ethical problem, the plight of the afflicted (malheur), this article offers an account of the philosophical basis to Weil's claim that, when truly recognized, beauty and affliction motivate t…
Ethical governance of artificial intelligence for defence
The rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the defence domain raises challenges for the ethical governance of these systems. A recent shift from the what to the how of AI ethics sees a nascent body of literature published by defence organisations focussed on guidance to implement AI ethics principles. These efforts have neglected a crucial intermediate step between principles and guidance concerning the elicitation of eth…
The case for a broader approach to AI assurance
Artificial intelligence (AI) assurance is an umbrella term describing many approaches—such as impact assessment, audit, and certification procedures—used to provide evidence that an AI system is legal, ethical, and technically robust. AI assurance approaches largely focus on two overlapping categories of harms: deployment harms that emerge at, or after, the point of use, and individual harms that directly impact a person as an individual. Current…
Testing Routine Activity Theory
This study examines direct observations of outdoor routine activities to investigate the pathways through which temperatures shape crime. Daily administrative records of crime, weather and outdoor activity were assembled from 2015 to 2019 in New York City. Mediation analysis (with bootstrapped standard errors) reveals that alterations in routine activities account for a statistically significant, yet modest, proportion of temperature’s relationsh…
Local homicides increase suicide in US counties
From AI Ethics Principles to Practices
This article provides a methodology for the interpretation of AI ethics principles to specify ethical criteria for the development and deployment of AI systems in high-risk domains. The methodology consists of a three-step process deployed by an independent, multi-stakeholder ethics board to: (1) identify the appropriate level of abstraction for modelling the AI lifecycle; (2) interpret prescribed principles to extract specific requirements to be…
‘Pimps” Self-presentations in the Interview Setting
Using a mixed-method approach, we explored how 85 sex market facilitators used neutralization and subcultural discourse to present themselves in the interview setting. We used non-metric, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) to test discursive themes that resulted in a three-fold model with the themes ‘good,’’bad,’ and ‘badass me’ with externalizing and internalizing approaches. The ‘good me’ subtype focused on fundamentally being a ”nice guy” but blam…
Artificial intelligence regulation in the United Kingdom
the United Kingdom (UK) government published its AI Regulation White Paper, a "proportionate and pro-innovation regulatory framework" for AI designed to support innovation, identify and address risks, and establish the UK as an "AI superpower".In this article, we assess whether the approach outlined in this policy document is appropriate for meeting the country's stated ambitions.We argue that the proposed continuation of a sector-led approach, w…
Weird winter weather in the Anthropocene
Rules, gender dynamics, and structure of sex market facilitators
The Racialized Consequences of Jail Incarceration on Local Labor Markets
As a racialized labor market institution, the criminal justice system shapes racial patterns in local labor markets through processes of exclusion and marginalization. How do local county jails contribute to these dynamics? To examine that question, the relationship between county-level jail and employment rates is examined across the U.S. between 2007 and 2017. The study uses a System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) dynamic panel model appro…
Countermovement Jump Force–Time Curve Analysis between Strength-Matched Male and Female Soccer Players
The purpose of this study was to compare countermovement jump force-time measures between strength-matched male and female soccer players. Males ( n = 11) and females ( n = 11) were strength-matched via isometric mid-thigh pull testing, whereby peak force values were normalised to body mass. Subjects performed three maximal-effort countermovement jumps (CMJs) on a force platform from which a range of kinetic and kinematic variables were calculate…
How do the consequences of pretrial detention on guilty pleas and carceral sentences vary between misdemeanor and felony cases
Understanding juvenile pre-adjudicatory detention and front-end juvenile case processing
Spinoza on Melancholy and Cheerfulness
Spinoza's philosophy is often celebrated for its strong anti-normative current. Spinoza argues, for instance, that good and bad do not indicate anything positive in things, and that affects are always particular to the situation in which they arise. And yet Spinoza argues that melancholy is “always evil,” and cheerfulness “always good,” thus problematizing a key metaphysical principle of his system. Turning to select sections in the Ethics and Th…
On religious and cultural objects
Spinoza's philosophy is often overlooked when it comes to thinking about matters concerning art and culture. While recent work has done much to address this, his philosophy remains ambiguously related to the theorisation of things such as temples, poems, and paintings. This article argues that it is by turning to Spinoza's theorisation of the sacred in the Theological‐Political Treatise , that we can best derive his philosophical position on cult…
Resolving the influence of local flows on urban heat amplification during heatwaves
Heatwaves have implications for human health and ecosystem function. Over cities, the impacts of a heatwave event may be compounded by urban heat, where temperatures over the urban area are higher than their rural surroundings. Coastal cities often rely upon sea breezes to provide temporary relief. However, topographic features contributing to the development of Foehn-like conditions can offset the cooling influence of sea breezes. Using convecti…
Living at the Confluence of Stigmas
Enhancing the tellability of death-row exoneree narratives
Individuals make sense of experience through telling stories they hope others will hear. To establish an interpretive connection with their audience, narrators must tell stories that are tellable, conceptualized as engaging but not too socially or emotionally challenging. We analyze the narratives of death-sentenced exoneree activists. When depicting their wrongful convictions, we find exoneree activists convey accepted critiques of criminal just…
Preventing Stress Among Undergraduate Learners
In the current investigation, we examined the association among emotional intelligence, emotional regulation tendencies, resilience and perceived stress within a sample of undergraduate students. Participants (N = 277, 71% Female, 55% White) completed the Brief Emotional Intelligence Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Brief Resilience Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. Using path analysis techniques, we demonstrated that resilience was a ne…
Simone Weil
For Simone Weil the invocation of ‘rights’ to address extreme human suffering–what she calls ‘affliction’–is ‘ludicrously inadequate’. Rights, Weil argues, invite a response, whereas what the afflicted require is not dialogue but simply to be heard. For Weil, hearing the ‘cry’ of the afflicted is the basis of all justice. The task of such a hearing is given over to Weil’s concept of attention, which demands an ethics of creative silence. This pap…
Ethical and legal issues in the care of transgender youth in the juvenile justice system
Transdisciplinary research in sustainability science
Context as Content in Urban Teacher Education
Urban teacher residencies have emerged as an innovation for recruiting, preparing, and retaining teachers for high-need urban schools. Though residencies aim to prepare teachers for specific urban contexts, we know little about how context is conceptualized in the teacher education curriculum or what teachers learn about it. This study finds that participants in one residency in San Francisco came to see context as complex and layered, interrupti…
Validating and Improving Archaeological Phasing at St. Mary Spital, London
This paper outlines the radiocarbon program applied to the excavation and skeletal assemblage from the cemetery of the medieval Priory and Hospital of St. Mary Spital in London. Problems encountered in dating medieval cemeteries are outlined. The problems were addressed through the application of Bayesian modeling to validate and refine conventional approaches to constructing phases of archaeological activity. It should be noted that this project…
How and why have attitudes about cannabis legalization changed so much
Risky Business
In this mixed methods study of 56 entry-level pimps in Harlem, NY, weexplore how pimps’ choices to use violence or control differ by where they are selling sex, who their clientele are, and whether these violent and controlling behaviors yield higher returns. First, we qualitatively explore how pimps account for each of these choices, and how each group of choices are related to the other choices. Second, we use bivariate statistical techniques t…
Bramcote Green, Bermondsey
An archaeological evaluation and excavation were carried out prior to a housing development in 1992, at Bramcote Green, in the London Borough of Southwark. Up to 3 m of organic rich, alluvial clay silts were deposited during the late Glacial period between about 12,000 BP and 9000 BP. A wide, shallow channel flowing south towards the Thames cut through the clay silts during the early Holocene and was filled with a series of clay and peat layers. …
The Trafficking in Persons Report
The State Department ranks countries on adherence to minimum standards set forth by the Trafficking Victims Protection Act 2000. The Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP) is updated annually and failure to enact changes to combat trafficking results in higher tier rankings. This paper evaluates the TIP by situating this tool in light of special features of the modern era, such as globalization and risk. Through a survey of the theoretical literatur…
Weird winter weather in the Anthropocene
Enhancing the tellability of death-row exoneree narratives
Individuals make sense of experience through telling stories they hope others will hear. To establish an interpretive connection with their audience, narrators must tell stories that are tellable, conceptualized as engaging but not too socially or emotionally challenging. We analyze the narratives of death-sentenced exoneree activists. When depicting their wrongful convictions, we find exoneree activists convey accepted critiques of criminal just…
The King's High Table at the Palace of Westminster
Archaeological and engineering work that took place in Westminster Hall in 2005–6 led to the discovery of further remains of the King's High Table, to add to those discovered in 1960. The Purbeck marble table stood at the south end of the hall from the thirteenth century to the seventeenth century and was the focus and symbol of English monarchy, serving particular roles in coronation feasts and in the development of the law courts. This paper su…
Commentary
American Sea Songs and Chanteys from the Days of Iron Men and Wooden Ships
From the Liturgy of St. James
American Sea Songs and Chanteys from the Days of Iron Men and Wooden Ships
Bramcote Green, Bermondsey
An archaeological evaluation and excavation were carried out prior to a housing development in 1992, at Bramcote Green, in the London Borough of Southwark. Up to 3 m of organic rich, alluvial clay silts were deposited during the late Glacial period between about 12,000 BP and 9000 BP. A wide, shallow channel flowing south towards the Thames cut through the clay silts during the early Holocene and was filled with a series of clay and peat layers. …
Commentary
A Global Network for Early Warning and Response to Infectious Diseases and Bioterrorism
In many ministries of health, applied epidemiology and training programs (AETPs) are responsible for detecting and responding to acute health events, including bioterrorism. In November 2001, we assessed the bioterrorism response capacity of 29 AETPs; 17 (59%) responded. Fifteen countries (88%) had bioterrorism response plans; in 6 (40%), AETPs took the lead in preparation and in 6 (40%) they assisted. Between September 11 and November 29, 2001, …
Prevalence of Major Psychiatric Illness in Young Adults Who Were Burned as Children
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of major psychiatric illness in a group of young adults who suffered significant burn injury as children. METHOD: A total of 101 persons (58 males, 43 females), aged 21 +/- 2.6 years, 14.0 +/- 5.4 years postburn of 54% +/- 20% total body surface area, were assessed for serious past and present mental illness by using a Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disor…
Validating and Improving Archaeological Phasing at St. Mary Spital, London
This paper outlines the radiocarbon program applied to the excavation and skeletal assemblage from the cemetery of the medieval Priory and Hospital of St. Mary Spital in London. Problems encountered in dating medieval cemeteries are outlined. The problems were addressed through the application of Bayesian modeling to validate and refine conventional approaches to constructing phases of archaeological activity. It should be noted that this project…
Transdisciplinary research in sustainability science
The King's High Table at the Palace of Westminster
Archaeological and engineering work that took place in Westminster Hall in 2005–6 led to the discovery of further remains of the King's High Table, to add to those discovered in 1960. The Purbeck marble table stood at the south end of the hall from the thirteenth century to the seventeenth century and was the focus and symbol of English monarchy, serving particular roles in coronation feasts and in the development of the law courts. This paper su…
The Trafficking in Persons Report
The State Department ranks countries on adherence to minimum standards set forth by the Trafficking Victims Protection Act 2000. The Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP) is updated annually and failure to enact changes to combat trafficking results in higher tier rankings. This paper evaluates the TIP by situating this tool in light of special features of the modern era, such as globalization and risk. Through a survey of the theoretical literatur…
Context as Content in Urban Teacher Education
Urban teacher residencies have emerged as an innovation for recruiting, preparing, and retaining teachers for high-need urban schools. Though residencies aim to prepare teachers for specific urban contexts, we know little about how context is conceptualized in the teacher education curriculum or what teachers learn about it. This study finds that participants in one residency in San Francisco came to see context as complex and layered, interrupti…
Participation with alcohol marketing and user-created promotion on social media, and the association with higher-risk alcohol consumption and brand identification among adolescents in the UK
Aim: To explore participation with alcohol marketing (i.e. commenting on brand statuses) and user-created promotion on social media (i.e. photos of peers drinking) by young people in the United Kingdom (UK), and what association this has with higher-risk consumption and brand identification. Method: Online cross-sectional survey with 11-19-year olds in the UK ( n = 3,399) (average age: 15 years old). Past-month participation was measured for five…
How and why have attitudes about cannabis legalization changed so much
Preventing Stress Among Undergraduate Learners
In the current investigation, we examined the association among emotional intelligence, emotional regulation tendencies, resilience and perceived stress within a sample of undergraduate students. Participants (N = 277, 71% Female, 55% White) completed the Brief Emotional Intelligence Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Brief Resilience Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. Using path analysis techniques, we demonstrated that resilience was a ne…
Simone Weil
For Simone Weil the invocation of ‘rights’ to address extreme human suffering–what she calls ‘affliction’–is ‘ludicrously inadequate’. Rights, Weil argues, invite a response, whereas what the afflicted require is not dialogue but simply to be heard. For Weil, hearing the ‘cry’ of the afflicted is the basis of all justice. The task of such a hearing is given over to Weil’s concept of attention, which demands an ethics of creative silence. This pap…
Ethical and legal issues in the care of transgender youth in the juvenile justice system
Adolescents’ Reactions to Adverts for Fast-Food and Confectionery Brands That are High in Fat, Salt, and/or Sugar (HFSS), and Possible Implications for Future Research and Regulation
The influence that marketing for foods high in fat, salt, and/or sugar (HFSS) has on adolescents extends beyond a dose-response relationship between exposure and consumption. It is also important to explore how marketing shapes or reinforces product/brand attitudes, and whether this varies by demography and Body Mass Index (BMI). To examine this, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 11-19 year olds in the United Kingdom ( n = 3348). Partic…
Awareness of marketing for high fat, salt or sugar foods, and the association with higher weekly consumption among adolescents
Objective: Exposure to marketing for foods high in fat, salt or sugar (HFSS) reportedly influences consumption, nutritional knowledge and diet-related health among adolescents. In 2018/2019, the UK government held two consultations about introducing new restrictions on marketing for HFSS foods. To reinforce why these restrictions are needed, we examined adolescents’ awareness of marketing for HFSS foods, and the association between past month awa…
Risky Business
In this mixed methods study of 56 entry-level pimps in Harlem, NY, weexplore how pimps’ choices to use violence or control differ by where they are selling sex, who their clientele are, and whether these violent and controlling behaviors yield higher returns. First, we qualitatively explore how pimps account for each of these choices, and how each group of choices are related to the other choices. Second, we use bivariate statistical techniques t…
On religious and cultural objects
Spinoza's philosophy is often overlooked when it comes to thinking about matters concerning art and culture. While recent work has done much to address this, his philosophy remains ambiguously related to the theorisation of things such as temples, poems, and paintings. This article argues that it is by turning to Spinoza's theorisation of the sacred in the Theological‐Political Treatise , that we can best derive his philosophical position on cult…
Resolving the influence of local flows on urban heat amplification during heatwaves
Heatwaves have implications for human health and ecosystem function. Over cities, the impacts of a heatwave event may be compounded by urban heat, where temperatures over the urban area are higher than their rural surroundings. Coastal cities often rely upon sea breezes to provide temporary relief. However, topographic features contributing to the development of Foehn-like conditions can offset the cooling influence of sea breezes. Using convecti…
Living at the Confluence of Stigmas
Enhancing the tellability of death-row exoneree narratives
Individuals make sense of experience through telling stories they hope others will hear. To establish an interpretive connection with their audience, narrators must tell stories that are tellable, conceptualized as engaging but not too socially or emotionally challenging. We analyze the narratives of death-sentenced exoneree activists. When depicting their wrongful convictions, we find exoneree activists convey accepted critiques of criminal just…
Rules, gender dynamics, and structure of sex market facilitators
The Racialized Consequences of Jail Incarceration on Local Labor Markets
As a racialized labor market institution, the criminal justice system shapes racial patterns in local labor markets through processes of exclusion and marginalization. How do local county jails contribute to these dynamics? To examine that question, the relationship between county-level jail and employment rates is examined across the U.S. between 2007 and 2017. The study uses a System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) dynamic panel model appro…
Political science (18 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Psychology (16 works) · Law (13 works) · Medicine (13 works) · Computer Science (10 works) · Criminology (8 works) · Philosophy (8 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works)