Robert Stewart
Biographic Data
| ID | 3670048 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert Stewart |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert |
| FAMILY NAME | Stewart |
| SIGNATURE | STEWART R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Oak Ridge National Laboratory |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6326-915X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 81 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 297 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 80 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1929 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Felony Status, Political Identity, and Civic Engagement
There is a popular, widespread assumption that adults with felony records are overwhelmingly aligned with the Democratic Party. To evaluate this popular belief, we evaluate the partisan orientation and civic participation of nonincarcerated American adults with felony records. We compare three national YouGov surveys fielded after 2022 midterm election: adults with felony records, adults demographically matched to the felony population but not sc…
The racialized packaging of punishment
Research on racial disparities in the criminal legal system generally examines isolated sentencing decisions, rather than the “package” of punishment that defendants experience. Using Minnesota court administrative data from 2004 to 2017, we specify multivariate and instrumental variables models to simultaneously estimate the outcomes of three elements of racialized punishment: incarceration, probation, and monetary sanctions. We instrument incar…
Mapping dementia research in Indonesia
Dementia, a syndrome that progressively impairs cognitive functions, is a growing global health challenge. Indonesia, the world’s fourth most populous country, faces a growing dementia burden compounded by stigma and inequities in prevention, diagnosis, and care. This scoping review aims to synthesise dementia research in Indonesia, identify gaps, and propose directions for future research. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR gui…
The association of clozapine treatment periods with incidence of exposure to assault and head injuries - a cohort study of electronic health records
People with schizophrenia experience violent victimization, and interventions to reduce this risk are needed. We tested the association of clozapine treatment with risk of exposure to assault and head injuries using electronic health records linked to a national clozapine treatment register and to national hospitalization data. The unadjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) for clozapine treatment on exposure to assault and head injuries was 0.44 (95%…
Co‐Producing Employee Engagement Approaches in a Workplace Partnership
While employee engagement might enhance staff wellbeing alongside organisational performance, delivering mutual gains can be challenging. This article assesses co‐production as a route to engagement in a public health workplace, and finds that co‐produced engagement strategies and mutual gains outcomes are possible where underpinned by genuinely collaborative organisational governance arrangements
LandScan HD
Unwarned population distributions accounting for routine human activities are needed to address many global human security challenges, including disasters, conflict, and infrastructure demand. LandScan High Definition (LSHD) supports this need through gridded ambient population estimates that measure average human presence between daytime and nighttime at a high spatial resolution of 3 arcseconds (approximately 90 m). Although LSHD has traditiona…
It's like a reverse Robin Hood—We all know they can't pay”
Monetary sanctions (also known as legal financial obligations or LFOs) are the most common form of state sanction for criminal convictions, yet we know little about the logics that court actors use in their implementation. Merging an inhabited institutions perspective with the institutional logics framework, we present evidence from court actors’ accounts of imposing and collecting LFOs to reveal how they navigate the competing penal and fiscal l…
A segmented approach to modeling building height
Understanding building height is imperative to the overall study of energy efficiency, population distribution, urban morphologies, emergency response, among others. Currently, existing approaches for modeling building height at scale are hindered by two pervasive issues. First, there is no consistent approach to quantify what a high-rise building is at a macro scale, leaving researchers unable to accurately compare results across geographies and…
Applying neural network algorithms to ascertain reported experiences of violence in routine mental healthcare records and distributions of reports by diagnosis
We thus demonstrate the successful deployment of machine learning based NLP algorithms to ascertain important entities for outcome prediction in mental healthcare. The observed distributions highlight which sex, ethnicity and diagnostic groups had more records of violence victimisation. Further development of these algorithms could usefully capture broader experiences, such as differentiating more efficiently between witnessed, perpetrated and ex…
Machine learning in mental health and its relationship with epidemiological practice
Keywords: mental health, epidemiology, machine learning, research methods, challenges and opportunities
Evaluation of Digital Nautical Chart data for confirmation and expansion of GeoNames data
Here, this work examines how Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) data may contribute to the evolution and refinement of GeoNames data for near-shore features. GeoNames features are point data with one or more possible place names. DNC Earth Cover Text (ECRText) objects are map labels positioned nearby their real word counterpart. ECRText feature map position strikes a compromise between association with real features and cartographic readability. This w…
Retribution for tribal sovereignty
Unique among marginalized groups, American Indians are both citizens of the United States and citizens of sovereign tribal nations, as recognized (but not granted) by federal Indian law. However, even as tribal nations exert increasing economic and political power, criminal legal outcomes for tribal members—who interface with an array of tribal, local, state, and federal law enforcement and justice systems—remain detrimental or are worsened. Thes…
The problem with criminal records
Criminal records are routinely used by employers and other institutional decision‐makers who rely on their presumed fidelity to evaluate applicants. We analyze criminal records for a sample of 101 people, comparing official state reports, two sources of private‐sector background checks (one regulated and one unregulated by federal law), and qualitative interviews. Based on our analysis, private‐sector background checks are laden with false‐positi…
Associations of non-employment with common mental disorder subcomponents among working age population
Background: Associations between employment status and mental health are well-recognised and such associations may have multiple modifying factors which may also contribute to variations in results. Aims: We aimed to investigate associations between non-employment and CMD subcomponents and the extent of their variation across age groups using nationally representative data in Britain. Method: We used a series of national mental health surveys of …
Fines, Fees, and Families
This study examines the intergenerational consequences of court-imposed monetary sanctions for parents and children. Research on punishment and families has generally focused on imprisonment, yet monetary sanctions are far more commonly imposed. We extend research on intergenerational financial exchanges to conceptualize payment of monetary sanctions as stigmatized transfers, analyzing 70 semi-structured interviews with debtholders in Minnesota. …
UrbanPop
Ensuring the social equity of planning measures in social systems requires an understanding of human dynamics, particularly how individual relationships, activities, and interactions intersect with individual needs. Spatial microsimulation models (SMSMs) support planning for human security goals by representing human dynamics through realistic, georeferenced synthetic populations, that a) provide a complete representation of social systems while …
The Hole
The first time I took a turn on a jackhammer, on a sewer repair crew, the foreman told me to strap steel toe guards onto my boots. My boots already had toes hardened with some sort of composite, but the foreman did not want to chance it. The other men at the worksite, on Daggett Avenue in south St. Louis, looked away, as I remember. Those men normally ran the jackhammer and did not bother with toe guards, which had to be dug out of a rarely distu…
Age-specific associations between serum cholesterol levels and suicidal behaviors in patients with depressive disorders
These findings suggest that differential consideration of serum total cholesterol levels according to age group may have clinical utility for predicting suicidality in patients with depressive disorders. However, because our research participants came from a single-hospital, the generalizability of our findings may be limited
Identifying features of risk periods for suicide attempts using document frequency and language use in electronic health records
EHR documentation frequency and language use can be used to distinguish periods distal from and proximal to a suicide attempt. However, in our study 55.0% of patients with documentation, prior to their first suicide attempt, did not have a record in the preceding 30 days, meaning that there are a high number who are not seen by services at their most vulnerable point
Near real time monitoring and forecasting for Covid-19 situational awareness
In the opening months of the pandemic, the need for situational awareness was urgent. Forecasting models such as the Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model were hampered by limited testing data and key information on mobility, contact tracing, and local policy variations would not be consistently available for months. New case counts from sources like John Hopkins University and the NY Times were systematically reliable. Using these data, w…
Childhood Abuse, Social Support, and Long-Term Pharmacological Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Depressive Disorders
Synergistic interactive effects of child abuse and social support levels on treatment outcomes in depressive patients were found during long-term pharmacotherapy. Thus, depressed patients with a history of childhood abuse may require specialized clinical approaches, including social support, to enhance the long-term treatment outcomes
Bank stability and economic growth
Prediction of Suicidality According to Serum Folate Levels in Depressive Patients Receiving Stepwise Pharmacotherapy
Background: The effects of serum folate levels on suicidal behavior, strongly associated with depression, have not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between serum folate levels and suicidal behavior in patients with depressive disorders. Methods: Serum folate levels were measured at baseline in 1,094 patients with depressive disorder, 884 of whom were followed during a 12-month period of stepwise pharmacothera…
Associations Between Covid-19 Symptoms and Psychological Distress
Background: Hospital isolation for COVID-19 may cause significant psychological stress. The association between COVID-19 symptoms and psychological symptoms has not been systematically studied. We investigated the effects of telephonic intervention on the relationship between psychological symptoms and COVID-19 symptoms at the time of hospitalization and 1 week later. Method: We screened 461 patients with COVID-19 for psychiatric symptoms from Fe…
Criminal records and college admissions
In this article, we consider the effect of criminal records on college admissions. Nearly 72 percent of colleges require criminal history information during their application processes, which indicates that an applicant's criminal history could be a significant impediment to achieving the benefits associated with higher education. We conducted a modified experimental audit to learn whether and to what extent criminal records affect admissions dec…
Criminal records and college admissions
In this article, we consider the effect of criminal records on college admissions. Nearly 72 percent of colleges require criminal history information during their application processes, which indicates that an applicant's criminal history could be a significant impediment to achieving the benefits associated with higher education. We conducted a modified experimental audit to learn whether and to what extent criminal records affect admissions dec…
The Markers and Rules of Scottish National Identity
This article examines how people set about the task of national identity construction and maintenance in the context of a study of landed and arts elites in Scotland. With reference to our empirical material throughout, we outline the key national identity processes: claim, attribution and the receipt of claims and attributions. Central to these are identity markers and rules. Identity markers are those social characteristics presented to others …
Who are We? Problematising National Identity
While the concern with 'identity politics' has grown in recent years, there are few studies of the ways in which people order and negotiate their national identities. The study reported here focuses on the identities used by members of the arts and landed elites in Scotland in the assertion of perceived cultural differences between Scots and non-Scots. These two groups have good reason to be sensitive to the problematic and negotiated nature of n…
Constructing National Identity
National identities are not essentially fixed or given but depend critically on the claims which people make in different contexts and at different times. The processes of identity rest not simply on the claims made but on how such claims are received, that is validated or rejected by significant others. Because actors are able, up to a point, to anticipate validation or rejection in particular contexts and at particular times, this influences th…
The consequences of caring
The persistence of gendered pay inequality raises questions as to what sustains it. Recent contributions highlight the role of low skills visibility and valuation in pay inequality in predominantly female occupations. This artical examines the skills and rewards of early years workers, the organizational processes through which their skills are measured and rewarded and the institutional and organizational influences on grading and pay systems.Th…
Timespans and Plans Among Young Adults
This article uses data from a survey of young adults in Kirkcaldy, Fife, together with associated qualitative interviews, to throw empirical light on their sense of control over their lives and their perceived willingness and ability to plan their lives. Its principal conclusion, contrary to the suggestions of much previous literature, is that a majority of young adults of both genders do, by their early twenties at least, feel in control of thei…
Cohabitation and Commitment
Popular commentators on marriage and the family often interpret the increase in heterosexual couples living together without marrying as reduced willingness to create and honour life-long partnerships. Survey and in-depth interviews with samples of 20-29 year olds living in an urban area of Scotland finds little support for the postulated link between growing cohabitation and a weakened sense of commitment to long-term arrangements. Most of the c…
Confidence amid Uncertainty
The limited and sometimes contradictory published literature, mostly relating to younger age groups and non-British societies, suggests that planning and a longer time perspective are inhibited by economic insecurity, by tight structuring of the life course, and a track record of failing to achieve ambitions. This paper uses survey data, backed by qualitative interviews, to investigate planning and forethought in a sample of young adults in the S…
The Internet Provides Both Opportunities and Challenges for Mass Communication Researchers
The Internet appears to be a mixed blessing. It offers new opportunities for both audience research and content analyses, yet old problems researchers have encountered over the years remain. Whether mass communication research will be better off or worse off will depend on the skill of researchers in using the Internet
A Divided Working Class? Planning and Career Perception in the Service and Working Classes
The contrast between the service class and the working class is central to much class analysis. This structural distinction, based on differences in the employment relationship, is analytically powerful, has validity, and is not in question here. The working class, however, is not homogeneous in all respects. This paper focuses on a sizeable group within the working class who perceive themselves as having (or having had) a career. As well as havi…
Sooner rather than later? Younger and middle-aged adults preparing for retirement
During the 1990s, the British population has been urged by government and financial institutions to make more personal preparation for retirement and to begin doing so while they are still relatively young. This paper, set within a wider analysis of people's long-term planning behaviour, investigates the extent to which a sample of the general population of Kirkcaldy in Scotland, mostly aged between 30 and 49, has given thought to the question of…
Debatable Land
Through a systematic programme of research into national identity we have developed a sound understanding of the processes of identity claim, attribution and receipt. Central to these processes are identity markers and rules. We have always sought contexts where national identity is either salient or problematic as identity construction then becomes most clearly apparent. Berwick- upon-Tweed, a town in England but located close to the Scottish bo…
The problem with criminal records
Criminal records are routinely used by employers and other institutional decision‐makers who rely on their presumed fidelity to evaluate applicants. We analyze criminal records for a sample of 101 people, comparing official state reports, two sources of private‐sector background checks (one regulated and one unregulated by federal law), and qualitative interviews. Based on our analysis, private‐sector background checks are laden with false‐positi…
Credit Unions and Low-income Communities
Since the late 1980s the number of community-based credit unions in Britain has grown steadily. These are financial co-operatives based on low-income neighbourhoods, owned and controlled by local residents, which aim to provide savings and low-cost credit facilities to their members. Although located in economically disadvantaged communities, credit unions are not exclusively used by the poor. While better-off groups save and borrow more, a great…
III. The Ten Hours and Sugar Crises of 1844
One of the best-known remarks of the nineteenth century, and probably the one most often repeated by contemporary politicians, was the Duke of Wellington's challenge to the Whig reformers in 1831, ‘How is the King's government to be carried on?’ In their difficulties in the late 1830s the Whigs found the question more pertinent than they had allowed during the debates on the Reform Bill
Compliance-Gaining and Power in Persuasion
(1983). Compliance-Gaining and Power in Persuasion. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 7, Communication Yearbook 7, pp. 105-145
Trajectories of cognitive decline over 10 years in a Brazilian elderly population
Few population-based studies have examined long term cognitive trajectory, and these studies were conducted in high income countries. We investigated the association of age, gender and education with 10-year cognitive trajectory in a well-defined population of elderly using data from the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging, in Brazil. Cognition was measured using the Mini- Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cohort members underwent annual follow-ups. This…
Development news on CNN World Report
Beginning in the 1970s, critics of western news media began a campaign for a New World Information Order (NWIO). They argued this new "order" was necessary if the global audience for news was to receive information about economic and social develop ments from around the world. While advocates of the NWIO have yet to achieve all of their goals, the campaign appears to have fostered some noteworthy attempts on the part of western media to correct t…
Keepers of the land
This article examines how members of the rural elite in Scotland defend their ownership of large tracts of land in the face of powerful class and nationalist critiques. Referring to unique interview material throughout, we outline the key elements of how owners attempt to legitimate their landed interests. Their response to these two critiques relates to estate economics and more generally the ideology and rhetoric of “responsible” stewardship. T…
A segmented approach to modeling building height
Understanding building height is imperative to the overall study of energy efficiency, population distribution, urban morphologies, emergency response, among others. Currently, existing approaches for modeling building height at scale are hindered by two pervasive issues. First, there is no consistent approach to quantify what a high-rise building is at a macro scale, leaving researchers unable to accurately compare results across geographies and…
Evaluation of Digital Nautical Chart data for confirmation and expansion of GeoNames data
Here, this work examines how Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) data may contribute to the evolution and refinement of GeoNames data for near-shore features. GeoNames features are point data with one or more possible place names. DNC Earth Cover Text (ECRText) objects are map labels positioned nearby their real word counterpart. ECRText feature map position strikes a compromise between association with real features and cartographic readability. This w…
Fines, Fees, and Families
This study examines the intergenerational consequences of court-imposed monetary sanctions for parents and children. Research on punishment and families has generally focused on imprisonment, yet monetary sanctions are far more commonly imposed. We extend research on intergenerational financial exchanges to conceptualize payment of monetary sanctions as stigmatized transfers, analyzing 70 semi-structured interviews with debtholders in Minnesota. …
How data science can advance mental health research
Effects of Politics, Emotional Stability, and LMX on Job Dedication
Efforts to identify antecedents of job dedication (i.e., being loyal and cooperative) are likely to offer value to managers. The authors examined the combined effects of organizational politics and emotional stability on the relationship between leader–member exchange and job dedication. Results of analyses conducted on 156 private sector workers revealed that leader–member exchange quality yielded high levels of job dedication among all employee…
Restoration of southern Indian Shola Forests
The Farm Problem
J OHN J. RASKOB, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, is reported in the news dispatches to have said, East has never understood the farm problem. The farm problem can be stated very simply. According to the census of 1920 there are 41,614,248 persons over ten years of age engaged in gainful occupations, and of this number 10,953,158 are employed in agriculture. Twenty-six and three-tenths per cent of those who are working for a living …
III. The Ten Hours and Sugar Crises of 1844
One of the best-known remarks of the nineteenth century, and probably the one most often repeated by contemporary politicians, was the Duke of Wellington's challenge to the Whig reformers in 1831, ‘How is the King's government to be carried on?’ In their difficulties in the late 1830s the Whigs found the question more pertinent than they had allowed during the debates on the Reform Bill
Understanding English Conservatism with Apologies to Joyce Cary
Souperism
Gentlemen Merchants
Modelling Versus Drawing as a Design Technique
S ummary . Half a sample of 274 secondary school pupils took part in a woodwork design test and half in a metalwork design test. Half the pupils participating in each test developed their design solutions by modelling in an easily worked substitute material (clay for wood, card for metal) and half by drawing. Four specialist judges assessed the design solutions developed by modelling as functionally more effective, more appropriate to the final m…
The Conservative Party and the ‘Courier’ newspaper, 1840
Compliance-Gaining and Power in Persuasion
(1983). Compliance-Gaining and Power in Persuasion. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 7, Communication Yearbook 7, pp. 105-145
The 1872 Diary of James Splaine, S.J. Catholic Missionary in Jamaica
Party and Politics, 1830–1852
The Old Order - The Great Reform Act - The Structure of Post- Reform Politics - The Whig Decade - Peel and the New Conservatism - Free Trade and its Aftermath - Reform and the Dispossessed - Notes - Bibliography - Index
Development news on CNN World Report
Beginning in the 1970s, critics of western news media began a campaign for a New World Information Order (NWIO). They argued this new "order" was necessary if the global audience for news was to receive information about economic and social develop ments from around the world. While advocates of the NWIO have yet to achieve all of their goals, the campaign appears to have fostered some noteworthy attempts on the part of western media to correct t…
The Office of Technical Services
An emphasis on developing technology for use in World War II produced a body of German and American scientific knowledge that some U S policymakers believed could stimulate America's postwar economy New Dealers, in particular, believed that the government should organize, evaluate, and declassify this body of knowledge and facilitate its transfer to American industry, especially to small businesses that had limited resources for research and deve…
Credit Unions and Low-income Communities
Since the late 1980s the number of community-based credit unions in Britain has grown steadily. These are financial co-operatives based on low-income neighbourhoods, owned and controlled by local residents, which aim to provide savings and low-cost credit facilities to their members. Although located in economically disadvantaged communities, credit unions are not exclusively used by the poor. While better-off groups save and borrow more, a great…
The Caribbean story on CNN report
One of the criticisms made in the 1970s of the media in the English-speaking Caribbean was that, even when given the opportunity to do so, they did not report on the region's advances, or development. This criticism is significant in light of the position taken by Caribbean and other developing countries on the New World Information Orderdebate of the 1970s. This study content analyzed news stories submitted to CNN World Report by broadcast stati…
Social Networks Among Early Adolescent Zimbabweans in Extended Families
This project examined the impact of extended family organizational patterns on adolescents' perceptions of their social networks. The sample was 13- to 15-year-old Zimbabwean adolescents residing in traditional extended families and modified extended families (N = 128). The instrument used in the investigation was the Network of Relationships Inventory. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance was conducted with sex (boys vs. girls) …
Who are We? Problematising National Identity
While the concern with 'identity politics' has grown in recent years, there are few studies of the ways in which people order and negotiate their national identities. The study reported here focuses on the identities used by members of the arts and landed elites in Scotland in the assertion of perceived cultural differences between Scots and non-Scots. These two groups have good reason to be sensitive to the problematic and negotiated nature of n…
How Accredited Programs Use the World Wide Web
Some academicians and communication professionals have criticized U.S. higher education programs in journalism and mass communication for being slow to respond to the need for new technology training for both students and faculty (Scott, 1995; Yovovich, 1997). Lee and Fleming (1995) noted that the requirements for entry-level positions have multiplied in areas such as computer-assisted reporting. The growth of the World Wide Web is putting still …
Constructing National Identity
National identities are not essentially fixed or given but depend critically on the claims which people make in different contexts and at different times. The processes of identity rest not simply on the claims made but on how such claims are received, that is validated or rejected by significant others. Because actors are able, up to a point, to anticipate validation or rejection in particular contexts and at particular times, this influences th…
Sooner rather than later? Younger and middle-aged adults preparing for retirement
During the 1990s, the British population has been urged by government and financial institutions to make more personal preparation for retirement and to begin doing so while they are still relatively young. This paper, set within a wider analysis of people's long-term planning behaviour, investigates the extent to which a sample of the general population of Kirkcaldy in Scotland, mostly aged between 30 and 49, has given thought to the question of…
The Internet Provides Both Opportunities and Challenges for Mass Communication Researchers
The Internet appears to be a mixed blessing. It offers new opportunities for both audience research and content analyses, yet old problems researchers have encountered over the years remain. Whether mass communication research will be better off or worse off will depend on the skill of researchers in using the Internet
Debatable Land
Through a systematic programme of research into national identity we have developed a sound understanding of the processes of identity claim, attribution and receipt. Central to these processes are identity markers and rules. We have always sought contexts where national identity is either salient or problematic as identity construction then becomes most clearly apparent. Berwick- upon-Tweed, a town in England but located close to the Scottish bo…
A Reply to Sam Pryke
The Markers and Rules of Scottish National Identity
This article examines how people set about the task of national identity construction and maintenance in the context of a study of landed and arts elites in Scotland. With reference to our empirical material throughout, we outline the key national identity processes: claim, attribution and the receipt of claims and attributions. Central to these are identity markers and rules. Identity markers are those social characteristics presented to others …
Keepers of the land
This article examines how members of the rural elite in Scotland defend their ownership of large tracts of land in the face of powerful class and nationalist critiques. Referring to unique interview material throughout, we outline the key elements of how owners attempt to legitimate their landed interests. Their response to these two critiques relates to estate economics and more generally the ideology and rhetoric of “responsible” stewardship. T…
Cohabitation and Commitment
Popular commentators on marriage and the family often interpret the increase in heterosexual couples living together without marrying as reduced willingness to create and honour life-long partnerships. Survey and in-depth interviews with samples of 20-29 year olds living in an urban area of Scotland finds little support for the postulated link between growing cohabitation and a weakened sense of commitment to long-term arrangements. Most of the c…
Political science (35 works) · Psychology (29 works) · Medicine (26 works) · Sociology (25 works) · Law (22 works) · Psychiatry (22 works) · Computer Science (18 works) · Business (14 works) · Economics (14 works) · Law (13 works)