D Mcintyre
Biographic Data
| ID | 378635 |
|---|---|
| NAME | D Mcintyre |
| GIVEN NAMES | D |
| FAMILY NAME | Mcintyre |
| SIGNATURE | MCINTYRE D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Uppsala University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4892-4491 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 49 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1965 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Rewriting Roald Dahl
Publishers are increasingly employing sensitivity readers to assess and advise on potentially problematic content in authors’ manuscripts, either pre- or post-publication. In this article I provide an analysis of the impact of making changes to an author’s already-published manuscript, with a view to determining whether sensitivity reading actually works to reduce potential hurt and offence to readers. My case study is of Roald Dahl’s short novel…
Can ChatGPT recognize impoliteness? An exploratory study of the pragmatic awareness of a large language model
The practical potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) depends in part on their ability to accurately interpret pragmatic functions. In this article, we assess ChatGPT 3.5’s ability to identify and interpret linguistic impoliteness across a series of text examples. We provided ChatGPT 3.5 with instances of implicational, metalinguistic, and explicit impoliteness, alongside sarcasm, unpalatable questions, erotic talk, and unmarked impolite lingui…
Years of Language and Literature
‘If you’re going to do something that’s new and different in an area that hasn’t been looked at much before, you probably need to start with something not too complex’
Mick Short is Professor Emeritus of English Language and Literature at Lancaster University, UK. He studied English at the University of Lancaster from 1965, just one year after the university first opened, to 1968. He returned to teach at Lancaster in 1972, retiring in 2012. As an undergraduate he was taught by the early stylistician and poet Anne Cluysenaar, 1 who was instrumental in setting him on track for an academic career in stylistics. In…
‘There was all this terminology proliferating and the students needed to know precise terms, not vague or impressionistic ones’
Katie Wales was Professor of English Language at Royal Holloway College, University of London, before moving to the University of Leeds to become Professor of Modern English Language. She later moved to the University of Sheffield and is currently Honorary Professor in the School of English at the University of Nottingham. She is a co-founder of the Poetics and Linguistics Association (PALA) and was instrumental in setting up the journal Language…
Towards an integrated corpus stylistics
Over recent years, the use of corpora in stylistic analysis has grown in popularity. However, questions still remain over the remit of corpus stylistics, its distinction from corpus linguistics generally and its capacity to explain complex stylistic effects. This article argues in favour of an integrated corpus stylistics; that is, an approach to corpus stylistics that integrates it with other stylistic methods and analytical frameworks. I sugges…
The effects of deaf and hard-of-hearing subtitles on the characterisation process
This article reports on a project to investigate the discrepancies between audio dialogue and corresponding subtitles for deaf and hard-of hearing (DHOH) viewers in episode 1 of HBO's police procedural drama The Wire. We isolated and categorised discrepancies between the dialogue and the subtitles and used a cognitive model of characterisation to determine whether such differences were likely to lead to differing conceptions of character for DHOH…
Universal financial protection through National Health Insurance
Extending coverage to the informal sector is a key challenge to achieving universal coverage through contributory health insurance schemes. Ghana introduced a mandatory National Health Insurance system in 2004 to provide financial protection for both the formal and informal sectors through a combination of taxes and annual premium payments. As part of its election promise in 2008, the current government (then in opposition) promised to make the p…
Corpora and Literature
The use of corpora to analyze literary texts is a methodological approach most commonly taken within the field of stylistics.
Progressivity of health care financing and incidence of service benefits in Ghana
The National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme was introduced in Ghana in 2004 as a pro-poor financing strategy aimed at removing financial barriers to health care and protecting all citizens from catastrophic health expenditures, which currently arise due to user fees and other direct payments. A comprehensive assessment of the financing and benefit incidence of health services in Ghana was undertaken. These analyses drew on secondary data from the …
Inside the black box
Modelling the likely financial resource requirements and potential sources of revenue for health system reform options is of great potential value to policy-makers. Models provide an indication of the financial feasibility and sustainability of such reforms and highlight the implications of alternative reform paths. There has been increasing use of financial models of health sector reform in recent years, particularly since the development of use…
Research to support universal coverage reforms in Africa
While there remains a massive research agenda to inform universal coverage reforms in Africa the findings of the SHIELD project presented in this special issue not only provide evidence of value to current reform debates but also illustrate the range of technical and policy analyses that should be undertaken to comprehensively assess equity in existing health systems and appropriate reforms to promote universal coverage. (Excerpt)
Paying for and receiving benefits from health services in South Africa
There is a global challenge for health systems to ensure equity in both the delivery and financing of health care. However, many African countries still do not have equitable health systems. Traditionally, equity in the delivery and the financing of health care are assessed separately, in what may be termed 'partial' analyses. The current debate on countries moving toward universal health systems, however, requires a holistic understanding of equ…
Discourse presentation in Early Modern English writing
In this article we report on a pilot project investigating the presentation of speech, writing and thought in Early Modern English prose fiction and news writing. The aim of the project is to determine whether discourse presentation changes diachronically and what the function of the various discourse presentation categories were in the Early Modern period. To study this we have built and annotated a small corpus of Early Modern English writing u…
WHR 2000 to WHR 2010
The World Health Report 2000 (WHR 2000) is probably best remembered for trying to stack the health systems of different countries up against each other using a uniform set of measures (WHO 2000). Certainly, senior health officials in my own country (South Africa) repeatedly referred to our ranking of 175 out of 191 countries, in terms of overall health system performance, to highlight our plight. The problem is that nothing was done to improve ou…
Exploring SWAp's contribution to the efficient allocation and use of resources in the health sector in Zambia
Zambia introduced a sector-wide approach (SWAp) in the health sector in 1993. The goal was to improve efficiency in the use of domestic funds and externally sourced development assistance by integrating these into a joint sectoral framework. Over a decade into its existence, however, the SWAp remains largely unevaluated. This study explores whether the envisaged improvements have been achieved by studying developments in administrative, technical…
A tale of two visions
Over the last two decades there has been growing interest in the potential of Social Health Insurance (SHI) as a health care financing mechanism in low- and middle-income countries. SHI schemes exist in many countries of Latin America and have also been introduced across Asia in recent years. However, few countries in Africa have implemented SHI. Despite the sustained interest in SHI, there are growing concerns about whether it will achieve equit…
Geographic patterns of deprivation in South Africa
There is a growing interest in the use of small area analyses in investigating the relationship between socioeconomic status and health, and in informing resource allocation decision-making. However, few such studies have been undertaken in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper reports on such a study undertaken in South Africa. It both looked at the feasibility of developing a broad-based area deprivation index in a data scarce co…
Smoking in South Africa
Correspondence to: Dr Yach. Abstract Objective -To describe the health and economic impact of tobacco in South Africa and to indicate current prevention activities. Methods Routinely available mortality statistics, hospital discharge data, and prevalence data from the private and public sectors were collated and analysed. Results -In 1988 deaths from smoking related diseases in South Africa accounted for 33 7 % of white, 25 8 % of Asian, 16-6% of…
Schools and Socialization
Learning to be Rotuman
A Sociological Analysis of Students' Reasons for Becoming Teachers
A Sociological Analysis of Students' Reasons for Becoming Teachers
Social and Educational Variables Relating to Teachers' Assessments of Primary School Pupils
S ummary . Teachers' ratings of the personality traits and attainments of their pupils were analysed according to the social class background of schools, age and experience of teachers, and teachers' opinions about education. Examination of the results of the principal components analyses and Varimax rotations showed that assessments were made on two main dimensions, but that the traits defining these dimensions differed according to the social c…
Teachers' Personality Ratings of Pupils in Scottish Primary Schools
S ummary . Thirty‐four teachers in primary schools in a Scottish city rated boys and girls in their classes on twenty‐five personal characterisctics, the characteristics being chosen largely on the criterion of their relevance, in the eyes of teachers, to school behaviour. In addition, measures were taken of the sociometric status, attendance and I.Q. of the pupils. The pupils were members of classes of 11–12‐year‐olds. Teachers were selected to …
Paying for and receiving benefits from health services in South Africa
There is a global challenge for health systems to ensure equity in both the delivery and financing of health care. However, many African countries still do not have equitable health systems. Traditionally, equity in the delivery and the financing of health care are assessed separately, in what may be termed 'partial' analyses. The current debate on countries moving toward universal health systems, however, requires a holistic understanding of equ…
Progressivity of health care financing and incidence of service benefits in Ghana
The National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme was introduced in Ghana in 2004 as a pro-poor financing strategy aimed at removing financial barriers to health care and protecting all citizens from catastrophic health expenditures, which currently arise due to user fees and other direct payments. A comprehensive assessment of the financing and benefit incidence of health services in Ghana was undertaken. These analyses drew on secondary data from the …
Learning to be Rotuman
Exploring SWAp's contribution to the efficient allocation and use of resources in the health sector in Zambia
Zambia introduced a sector-wide approach (SWAp) in the health sector in 1993. The goal was to improve efficiency in the use of domestic funds and externally sourced development assistance by integrating these into a joint sectoral framework. Over a decade into its existence, however, the SWAp remains largely unevaluated. This study explores whether the envisaged improvements have been achieved by studying developments in administrative, technical…
Discourse presentation in Early Modern English writing
In this article we report on a pilot project investigating the presentation of speech, writing and thought in Early Modern English prose fiction and news writing. The aim of the project is to determine whether discourse presentation changes diachronically and what the function of the various discourse presentation categories were in the Early Modern period. To study this we have built and annotated a small corpus of Early Modern English writing u…
Inside the black box
Modelling the likely financial resource requirements and potential sources of revenue for health system reform options is of great potential value to policy-makers. Models provide an indication of the financial feasibility and sustainability of such reforms and highlight the implications of alternative reform paths. There has been increasing use of financial models of health sector reform in recent years, particularly since the development of use…
Research to support universal coverage reforms in Africa
While there remains a massive research agenda to inform universal coverage reforms in Africa the findings of the SHIELD project presented in this special issue not only provide evidence of value to current reform debates but also illustrate the range of technical and policy analyses that should be undertaken to comprehensively assess equity in existing health systems and appropriate reforms to promote universal coverage. (Excerpt)
Social and Educational Variables Relating to Teachers' Assessments of Primary School Pupils
S ummary . Teachers' ratings of the personality traits and attainments of their pupils were analysed according to the social class background of schools, age and experience of teachers, and teachers' opinions about education. Examination of the results of the principal components analyses and Varimax rotations showed that assessments were made on two main dimensions, but that the traits defining these dimensions differed according to the social c…
Universal financial protection through National Health Insurance
Extending coverage to the informal sector is a key challenge to achieving universal coverage through contributory health insurance schemes. Ghana introduced a mandatory National Health Insurance system in 2004 to provide financial protection for both the formal and informal sectors through a combination of taxes and annual premium payments. As part of its election promise in 2008, the current government (then in opposition) promised to make the p…
A Sociological Analysis of Students' Reasons for Becoming Teachers
Teachers' Personality Ratings of Pupils in Scottish Primary Schools
S ummary . Thirty‐four teachers in primary schools in a Scottish city rated boys and girls in their classes on twenty‐five personal characterisctics, the characteristics being chosen largely on the criterion of their relevance, in the eyes of teachers, to school behaviour. In addition, measures were taken of the sociometric status, attendance and I.Q. of the pupils. The pupils were members of classes of 11–12‐year‐olds. Teachers were selected to …
Teachers' Personality Ratings of Pupils in Scottish Primary Schools
S ummary . Thirty‐four teachers in primary schools in a Scottish city rated boys and girls in their classes on twenty‐five personal characterisctics, the characteristics being chosen largely on the criterion of their relevance, in the eyes of teachers, to school behaviour. In addition, measures were taken of the sociometric status, attendance and I.Q. of the pupils. The pupils were members of classes of 11–12‐year‐olds. Teachers were selected to …
Social and Educational Variables Relating to Teachers' Assessments of Primary School Pupils
S ummary . Teachers' ratings of the personality traits and attainments of their pupils were analysed according to the social class background of schools, age and experience of teachers, and teachers' opinions about education. Examination of the results of the principal components analyses and Varimax rotations showed that assessments were made on two main dimensions, but that the traits defining these dimensions differed according to the social c…
A Sociological Analysis of Students' Reasons for Becoming Teachers
A Sociological Analysis of Students' Reasons for Becoming Teachers
Learning to be Rotuman
Schools and Socialization
Smoking in South Africa
Correspondence to: Dr Yach. Abstract Objective -To describe the health and economic impact of tobacco in South Africa and to indicate current prevention activities. Methods Routinely available mortality statistics, hospital discharge data, and prevalence data from the private and public sectors were collated and analysed. Results -In 1988 deaths from smoking related diseases in South Africa accounted for 33 7 % of white, 25 8 % of Asian, 16-6% of…
Geographic patterns of deprivation in South Africa
There is a growing interest in the use of small area analyses in investigating the relationship between socioeconomic status and health, and in informing resource allocation decision-making. However, few such studies have been undertaken in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper reports on such a study undertaken in South Africa. It both looked at the feasibility of developing a broad-based area deprivation index in a data scarce co…
A tale of two visions
Over the last two decades there has been growing interest in the potential of Social Health Insurance (SHI) as a health care financing mechanism in low- and middle-income countries. SHI schemes exist in many countries of Latin America and have also been introduced across Asia in recent years. However, few countries in Africa have implemented SHI. Despite the sustained interest in SHI, there are growing concerns about whether it will achieve equit…
Exploring SWAp's contribution to the efficient allocation and use of resources in the health sector in Zambia
Zambia introduced a sector-wide approach (SWAp) in the health sector in 1993. The goal was to improve efficiency in the use of domestic funds and externally sourced development assistance by integrating these into a joint sectoral framework. Over a decade into its existence, however, the SWAp remains largely unevaluated. This study explores whether the envisaged improvements have been achieved by studying developments in administrative, technical…
WHR 2000 to WHR 2010
The World Health Report 2000 (WHR 2000) is probably best remembered for trying to stack the health systems of different countries up against each other using a uniform set of measures (WHO 2000). Certainly, senior health officials in my own country (South Africa) repeatedly referred to our ranking of 175 out of 191 countries, in terms of overall health system performance, to highlight our plight. The problem is that nothing was done to improve ou…
Discourse presentation in Early Modern English writing
In this article we report on a pilot project investigating the presentation of speech, writing and thought in Early Modern English prose fiction and news writing. The aim of the project is to determine whether discourse presentation changes diachronically and what the function of the various discourse presentation categories were in the Early Modern period. To study this we have built and annotated a small corpus of Early Modern English writing u…
Corpora and Literature
The use of corpora to analyze literary texts is a methodological approach most commonly taken within the field of stylistics.
Progressivity of health care financing and incidence of service benefits in Ghana
The National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme was introduced in Ghana in 2004 as a pro-poor financing strategy aimed at removing financial barriers to health care and protecting all citizens from catastrophic health expenditures, which currently arise due to user fees and other direct payments. A comprehensive assessment of the financing and benefit incidence of health services in Ghana was undertaken. These analyses drew on secondary data from the …
Inside the black box
Modelling the likely financial resource requirements and potential sources of revenue for health system reform options is of great potential value to policy-makers. Models provide an indication of the financial feasibility and sustainability of such reforms and highlight the implications of alternative reform paths. There has been increasing use of financial models of health sector reform in recent years, particularly since the development of use…
Research to support universal coverage reforms in Africa
While there remains a massive research agenda to inform universal coverage reforms in Africa the findings of the SHIELD project presented in this special issue not only provide evidence of value to current reform debates but also illustrate the range of technical and policy analyses that should be undertaken to comprehensively assess equity in existing health systems and appropriate reforms to promote universal coverage. (Excerpt)
Paying for and receiving benefits from health services in South Africa
There is a global challenge for health systems to ensure equity in both the delivery and financing of health care. However, many African countries still do not have equitable health systems. Traditionally, equity in the delivery and the financing of health care are assessed separately, in what may be termed 'partial' analyses. The current debate on countries moving toward universal health systems, however, requires a holistic understanding of equ…
Universal financial protection through National Health Insurance
Extending coverage to the informal sector is a key challenge to achieving universal coverage through contributory health insurance schemes. Ghana introduced a mandatory National Health Insurance system in 2004 to provide financial protection for both the formal and informal sectors through a combination of taxes and annual premium payments. As part of its election promise in 2008, the current government (then in opposition) promised to make the p…
The effects of deaf and hard-of-hearing subtitles on the characterisation process
This article reports on a project to investigate the discrepancies between audio dialogue and corresponding subtitles for deaf and hard-of hearing (DHOH) viewers in episode 1 of HBO's police procedural drama The Wire. We isolated and categorised discrepancies between the dialogue and the subtitles and used a cognitive model of characterisation to determine whether such differences were likely to lead to differing conceptions of character for DHOH…
Towards an integrated corpus stylistics
Over recent years, the use of corpora in stylistic analysis has grown in popularity. However, questions still remain over the remit of corpus stylistics, its distinction from corpus linguistics generally and its capacity to explain complex stylistic effects. This article argues in favour of an integrated corpus stylistics; that is, an approach to corpus stylistics that integrates it with other stylistic methods and analytical frameworks. I sugges…
Years of Language and Literature
‘If you’re going to do something that’s new and different in an area that hasn’t been looked at much before, you probably need to start with something not too complex’
Mick Short is Professor Emeritus of English Language and Literature at Lancaster University, UK. He studied English at the University of Lancaster from 1965, just one year after the university first opened, to 1968. He returned to teach at Lancaster in 1972, retiring in 2012. As an undergraduate he was taught by the early stylistician and poet Anne Cluysenaar, 1 who was instrumental in setting him on track for an academic career in stylistics. In…
‘There was all this terminology proliferating and the students needed to know precise terms, not vague or impressionistic ones’
Katie Wales was Professor of English Language at Royal Holloway College, University of London, before moving to the University of Leeds to become Professor of Modern English Language. She later moved to the University of Sheffield and is currently Honorary Professor in the School of English at the University of Nottingham. She is a co-founder of the Poetics and Linguistics Association (PALA) and was instrumental in setting up the journal Language…
Can ChatGPT recognize impoliteness? An exploratory study of the pragmatic awareness of a large language model
The practical potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) depends in part on their ability to accurately interpret pragmatic functions. In this article, we assess ChatGPT 3.5’s ability to identify and interpret linguistic impoliteness across a series of text examples. We provided ChatGPT 3.5 with instances of implicational, metalinguistic, and explicit impoliteness, alongside sarcasm, unpalatable questions, erotic talk, and unmarked impolite lingui…
Rewriting Roald Dahl
Publishers are increasingly employing sensitivity readers to assess and advise on potentially problematic content in authors’ manuscripts, either pre- or post-publication. In this article I provide an analysis of the impact of making changes to an author’s already-published manuscript, with a view to determining whether sensitivity reading actually works to reduce potential hurt and offence to readers. My case study is of Roald Dahl’s short novel…
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