M Last
Biographic Data
| ID | 38284 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M Last |
| GIVEN NAMES | M |
| FAMILY NAME | Last |
| SIGNATURE | LAST M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0962-7171 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 57 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 227 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1969 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Medical Ethnography over Time
Too often, research into the health of a particular community is brief and superficial, focusing only on what is public and leaving the private health of women and children 'foggy'. By contrast, long-term anthropology can offer access to processes taking place within a local culture of illness. Here, an account of a community's experience of health over the past 50 years not only outlines the key changes as seen anthropologically but also shows h…
Frontiers in 19th-century northern Nigeria
This essay offers the ethnographic rationale for the original use of the term 'deep-rural' that Chuck Jędrej later adopted for the community he studied in the Ingessana Hills. In Hausaland (northern Nigeria), I use 'deep-rural' to denote the distinctive ecological and sociopolitical context of areas that are very marginal to the core of a centralized Muslim state. Such areas are out of everyday reach of the central government yet not entirely bey…
Islamic Criminal Law in Northern Nigeria
Sects and Social Disorder
Analyses Muslim-Muslim divisions within northern Nigeria, which are as important for understanding the violence in the region as those between Muslim and Christian, with consequences for long-term peacemaking
Contradictions in Creating a Jihadi Capital
The Sokoto caliphate in nineteenth-century northern Nigeria was an astonishing episode in the history of Africa: a huge, prosperous polity that created unity where none had existed before. Yet today its history is underexplored, sometimes ignored or even disparaged, both within Nigeria and in Europe and the U.S. Yet that history is extraordinary. Sokoto town was, and still is, an anomaly within Hausaland; built speedily on a "green-field" site as…
Medicine for uncertain futures
Another geography
The paper describes, for the Hausa farmers of Gidan Jatau in northern Nigeria, the distinct ways in which they see and understand (a) their close and distant environment and (b) their bodies' anatomy and physiology. These ways result in 'another geography' - of both space and being - which, however, may no longer now have the resonance it had in the early 1970s when the author lived in Gidan Jatau for two years as a guest. At that time, the spiri…
Islam & Muslim Politics in Africa * Edited by B. F. Soares & R. Otayek
Some Aspects of Islam in Africa * By lhringUTHMAN Sayyid Ahmad Ismail AL-Bili
Professor ʿUthman al-Bili taught Islamic and Middle Eastern history at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, ca.1971–1977 (where he was always known as Osman Sid Ahmed Ismail): hence the main focus of this short book are the protagonists of the Sokoto Caliphate. In addition there is a little material on the Sudan and on early Middle Eastern history, but more striking is his passionate defence of Islam as a religion spread by the word rather than by for…
Islam in Africa and the Middle East
Nehemiah Levtzion was an important member of the community of ‘northern’ historians of Muslim West Africa and the Middle East. Based in Israel and proficient in classical Arabic, he had a ‘take’ on the subject that was slightly different from that of some of his colleagues in his field: recent changes in Muslim thinking mattered to him and his compatriots, especially in his later years, but his apprenticeship in the West African world of Islam ha…
The Search for Security in Muslim Northern Nigeria
The article puts forwards the argument that there is a pervasiveanxiety among Muslims over their security, both physical and spiritual, in today's northern Nigeria. It is an anxiety partly millenarian, partly political, that seeks to recreate a stronger sense of the 'core North' asdar al-Islam, with notionally 'closed' boundaries - just as it was in the pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate. This has led first to the re-establishment, within twelve of Ni…
The Transmission of Learning in Islamic Africa * Edited by Scott S. Reese
Islam and Colonialism
This is one of the most important books to have been written on Muslims living in colonial northern Nigeria. It analyses, in the main very sympathetically, how some of the elite—emirs, judges, ulema and the Western-educated—all came to justify in their writings their living and working as Muslims under Christian rule in the years between 1903 and 1945. The book would have been better reviewed by a Nigerian scholar, but few copies have reached nor…
Muslims and Christians in Nigeria
This essay offers an alternative analysis of Muslim – Christian relations in Nigeria, rejecting a 'clash-of-civilizations' approach as both too generalized and politically self-serving. A more nuanced analysis might focus on the social variables in the different sites of conflict and on the underlying factors, both historical and current. It is argued that, for the most part, Muslims and Christians have lived peacefully alongside each other in Ni…
Deno Leventis, 1938-2002
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Reconciliation and Memory in Postwar Nigeria
Dancing Histories
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Healing the social wounds of war
The healing of those hurt by war can take different forms, ranging from violence and vengeance to psychotherapy and humanitarian aid imposed from outside. This healing has been widely and critically discussed in the literature. Instead, the focus here is more on the way communities try to heal themselves long after the outside world has lost interest. In this context, resisting the oppressor becomes less important than recovery, and the past can …
La charia dans le Nord-Nigeria
Cet article analyse brièvement l'application récente de la charia au Nord-Nigeria. Il met en évidence les facteurs qui ont conduit à l'instauration de cours islamiques, les réactions populaires à celles-ci et les possibles compromis politiques avec les États majoritairement chrétiens. Plutôt qu'un système de droit unique le Nigeria sera sans doute contraint de mettre en place des dispositifs juridiques différents d'un État à un autre. Les effets …
Children and the Experience of Violence
Arising out of debates over 'children at risk' and the 'rights of the child', the article compares two contrasting childhoods within a single large society-the Hausa-speaking peoples of northern Nigeria. One segment of this society-the non-Muslim Maguzawa-refuse to allow their children to be beaten; the other segment, the Muslim Hausa, tolerate corporal punishment both at home and especially in Qur'anic schools. Why the difference? Economic as we…
Physicians, Colonial Racism, and Diaspora in West Africa
Embodying Colonial Memories
Embodying Colonial Memories: Spirit Possession, Power, and the Hauka In West Africa. Paul Stoller. London and New York: Routledge, 1995. xii. 226 pp., photographs, notes, references, index
Putting Children First
Save the Children Fund in 1923 and UNICEF in 1990 both declared that children must come first in receiving relief. Whereas SCF's call was a corporate credo for the world, for use whenever disaster struck, UNICEF's was offered as a strategic policy document applicable at all times. In contrast, the 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, as a legally-binding document in the field of human rights, omitted all reference to giving such priorit…
From Pastoralist to Politician
P. Burnham & M. Last - Des pasteurs aux dignitaires : la question de l'aristocratie fulбe. Le terme « aristocrate » est souvent utilisé pour distinguer les Fulbe qui gouvernaient les émirats et les lamidats du Califat de Sokoto au XIXe siècle de leurs parents restés pasteurs. Cet article tente de montrer que cette distinction est inadéquate. En effet, nombre de détenteurs de charge loin d'être des aristocrates étaient choisis parmi les peuples va…
Abstracts & Reviews
Children and the Experience of Violence
Arising out of debates over 'children at risk' and the 'rights of the child', the article compares two contrasting childhoods within a single large society-the Hausa-speaking peoples of northern Nigeria. One segment of this society-the non-Muslim Maguzawa-refuse to allow their children to be beaten; the other segment, the Muslim Hausa, tolerate corporal punishment both at home and especially in Qur'anic schools. Why the difference? Economic as we…
The Search for Security in Muslim Northern Nigeria
The article puts forwards the argument that there is a pervasiveanxiety among Muslims over their security, both physical and spiritual, in today's northern Nigeria. It is an anxiety partly millenarian, partly political, that seeks to recreate a stronger sense of the 'core North' asdar al-Islam, with notionally 'closed' boundaries - just as it was in the pre-colonial Sokoto Caliphate. This has led first to the re-establishment, within twelve of Ni…
Knowledge of Illness in a Sepik Society
The author, being medically qualified and Lecturer in Social Anthropology in the University of Cambridge, is uniquely equipped to produce this study of the occur- rence, recognition and explanation of illness in a primitive community.By examining these aspects of the inhabitants of the forest village of Rauit, a useful insight is afforded into their views of their world.But to be successful it is necessary to be aware of other cultural themes and…
The African Frontier
The role of language in West African Islam
Opening Paragraph'A translation of the meaning of the Holy Koran into the Hausa language' - this is the careful wording of the title of the work sponsored by the Jama'atu Nasril Islam (whose President is the Sultan of Sokoto) and signed by Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi, the chairman of its executive committee and former Grand Khadi (Gummi, 1980). It is, in short, as official a Muslim publication as there can be in Nigeria. The Arab text (set in a standa…
The importance of knowing about not knowing
Muslims and Christians in Nigeria
This essay offers an alternative analysis of Muslim – Christian relations in Nigeria, rejecting a 'clash-of-civilizations' approach as both too generalized and politically self-serving. A more nuanced analysis might focus on the social variables in the different sites of conflict and on the underlying factors, both historical and current. It is argued that, for the most part, Muslims and Christians have lived peacefully alongside each other in Ni…
The Role of Women as 'Agents Religieux' in Sokoto
Les femmes musulmanes sont considérées conventionnellement y compris par les hommes musulmans comme des croyants de deuxième ordre qu'elles soient vues comme des agents capables de contourner et de manipuler les pratiques islamiques ou qu'elles soient vues comme des victimes consententes. L'article attire l'attention sur une tradition musulmane différente, celle des femmes pieuses, et parfois savantes, impliquées dans les activités religieuses. L…
La charia dans le Nord-Nigeria
Cet article analyse brièvement l'application récente de la charia au Nord-Nigeria. Il met en évidence les facteurs qui ont conduit à l'instauration de cours islamiques, les réactions populaires à celles-ci et les possibles compromis politiques avec les États majoritairement chrétiens. Plutôt qu'un système de droit unique le Nigeria sera sans doute contraint de mettre en place des dispositifs juridiques différents d'un État à un autre. Les effets …
Mandingo Kingdoms of the Senegambia
The importance of extremes
Hausa Medicine
Contradictions in Creating a Jihadi Capital
The Sokoto caliphate in nineteenth-century northern Nigeria was an astonishing episode in the history of Africa: a huge, prosperous polity that created unity where none had existed before. Yet today its history is underexplored, sometimes ignored or even disparaged, both within Nigeria and in Europe and the U.S. Yet that history is extraordinary. Sokoto town was, and still is, an anomaly within Hausaland; built speedily on a "green-field" site as…
Strategies against time
This paper considers the development of one stereotyped illness in Maguzawa (non-Muslim Hausa) culture of northern Nigeria, and suggests some reasons for its prevalence. The central argument is that the use of stereotyped illness in this case is a strategy (if it is a strategy at all) principally against the process of time and only secondarily against men or kin; but that perhaps most important of all is its use as a cognitive catch-all, particu…
Aspects of Administration and Dissent in Hausaland, 1800-1968
Opening ParagraphThe northern States of Nigeria have in the past 200 years experienced two great reform movements; both were accompanied by conquest by a distinct minority, and both sought to impose an external, universal culture with its set of written laws and distinct administration. The ideals, and their application by the two groups of reformers, have been strikingly similar, as has been the dissenting response of the disillusioned
The Ban of the Bori
Putting Children First
Save the Children Fund in 1923 and UNICEF in 1990 both declared that children must come first in receiving relief. Whereas SCF's call was a corporate credo for the world, for use whenever disaster struck, UNICEF's was offered as a strategic policy document applicable at all times. In contrast, the 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, as a legally-binding document in the field of human rights, omitted all reference to giving such priorit…
From Pastoralist to Politician
P. Burnham & M. Last - Des pasteurs aux dignitaires : la question de l'aristocratie fulбe. Le terme « aristocrate » est souvent utilisé pour distinguer les Fulbe qui gouvernaient les émirats et les lamidats du Califat de Sokoto au XIXe siècle de leurs parents restés pasteurs. Cet article tente de montrer que cette distinction est inadéquate. En effet, nombre de détenteurs de charge loin d'être des aristocrates étaient choisis parmi les peuples va…
Folk medicine and health culture
Historical Metaphors in the Kano Chronicle
“There is a story that the Prophet appeared to Abdu Rahaman in a dream and said to him, ‘Get up and go west and establish Islam.’ Abdu Rahaman got up and took a handful of the soil of Medina and put it in a cloth and brought it to Hausaland. Whenever he came to a town, he took a handful of the soil of the country and put it beside that of Medina. If they did not correspond, he passed that town. So he journeyed until he came to Kano. And when he c…
Dynamique Sociale et Appréhension du Monde au Sein d'une Société Hausa
Journal Article Dynamique Sociale et Appréhension du Monde au Sein d'une Société Hausa Get access Dynamique Sociale et Appréhension du Monde au Sein d'une Société Hausa, by Guy Nicolas. Institut d'Ethnologie, Paris, 1975. 656pp. 7 maps, 12 figures, 5 plates, index. Paperback. n.p. MURRAY LAST MURRAY LAST University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 75, Issue 300, July 19…
Magical Medicine
Medical Ethnography over Time
Too often, research into the health of a particular community is brief and superficial, focusing only on what is public and leaving the private health of women and children 'foggy'. By contrast, long-term anthropology can offer access to processes taking place within a local culture of illness. Here, an account of a community's experience of health over the past 50 years not only outlines the key changes as seen anthropologically but also shows h…
Dancing Histories
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Frontiers in 19th-century northern Nigeria
This essay offers the ethnographic rationale for the original use of the term 'deep-rural' that Chuck Jędrej later adopted for the community he studied in the Ingessana Hills. In Hausaland (northern Nigeria), I use 'deep-rural' to denote the distinctive ecological and sociopolitical context of areas that are very marginal to the core of a centralized Muslim state. Such areas are out of everyday reach of the central government yet not entirely bey…
The Sokoto Caliphate
Parties and Politics in Northern Nigeria
Journal Article Parties and Politics in Northern Nigeria Get access Parties and Politics in Northern Nigeria, by B. J. Dudley . Frank Cass, 1968. 352pp. 63s. Nigeria, by Walter Schwartz. Pall Mall, 1968. 328pp. 45s. MURRAY LAST MURRAY LAST University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 68, Issue 271, April 1969, Pages 167–168, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a…
The Sokoto Caliphate
The Ban of the Bori
Anthropology and History
Aspects of Administration and Dissent in Hausaland, 1800-1968
Opening ParagraphThe northern States of Nigeria have in the past 200 years experienced two great reform movements; both were accompanied by conquest by a distinct minority, and both sought to impose an external, universal culture with its set of written laws and distinct administration. The ideals, and their application by the two groups of reformers, have been strikingly similar, as has been the dissenting response of the disillusioned
Mandingo Kingdoms of the Senegambia
Rural Hausa
Journal Article Rural Hausa: a village and a setting Get access Rural Hausa: a village and a setting, by Polly Hill. Cambridge University Press, 1972. xv+368pp. Illustrated. £7·60. MURRAY LAST MURRAY LAST University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 72, Issue 286, January 1973, Pages 85–86, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096334 Published: 01 January 1973
Religion and Healing in Mandari
Journal Article Religion and Healing in Mandari Get access Religion and Healing in Mandari, by Jean Buxton. Clarendon Press: UP, 1973. xiv+443pp. Illustrated, tables, maps, bibliography, index. £6.00. MURRAY LAST MURRAY LAST University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 73, Issue 293, October 1974, Pages 497–498, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096539 Publis…
Islam and Social Order in Mauretania
Magical Medicine
Dynamique Sociale et Appréhension du Monde au Sein d'une Société Hausa
Journal Article Dynamique Sociale et Appréhension du Monde au Sein d'une Société Hausa Get access Dynamique Sociale et Appréhension du Monde au Sein d'une Société Hausa, by Guy Nicolas. Institut d'Ethnologie, Paris, 1975. 656pp. 7 maps, 12 figures, 5 plates, index. Paperback. n.p. MURRAY LAST MURRAY LAST University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 75, Issue 300, July 19…
Knowledge of Illness in a Sepik Society
The author, being medically qualified and Lecturer in Social Anthropology in the University of Cambridge, is uniquely equipped to produce this study of the occur- rence, recognition and explanation of illness in a primitive community.By examining these aspects of the inhabitants of the forest village of Rauit, a useful insight is afforded into their views of their world.But to be successful it is necessary to be aware of other cultural themes and…
Asante in the Nineteenth Century
Strategies against time
This paper considers the development of one stereotyped illness in Maguzawa (non-Muslim Hausa) culture of northern Nigeria, and suggests some reasons for its prevalence. The central argument is that the use of stereotyped illness in this case is a strategy (if it is a strategy at all) principally against the process of time and only secondarily against men or kin; but that perhaps most important of all is its use as a cognitive catch-all, particu…
Historical Metaphors in the Kano Chronicle
“There is a story that the Prophet appeared to Abdu Rahaman in a dream and said to him, ‘Get up and go west and establish Islam.’ Abdu Rahaman got up and took a handful of the soil of Medina and put it in a cloth and brought it to Hausaland. Whenever he came to a town, he took a handful of the soil of the country and put it beside that of Medina. If they did not correspond, he passed that town. So he journeyed until he came to Kano. And when he c…
The importance of knowing about not knowing
Corpus of early Arabic sources for West African History
Journal Article Corpus of early Arabic sources for West African History Get access Corpus of early Arabic sources for West African History, by N. Levtzion and J. F. P Hopkins. Published for International Academic Union by Cambridge University Press, 1981. Fontes Historiae Africanae, Series Arabica IV. xx + 492pp., figs, map, indices. £35. MURRAY LAST MURRAY LAST University CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Go…
Caravans of Kola
Folk medicine and health culture
The role of language in West African Islam
Opening Paragraph'A translation of the meaning of the Holy Koran into the Hausa language' - this is the careful wording of the title of the work sponsored by the Jama'atu Nasril Islam (whose President is the Sultan of Sokoto) and signed by Abubakar Mahmoud Gummi, the chairman of its executive committee and former Grand Khadi (Gummi, 1980). It is, in short, as official a Muslim publication as there can be in Nigeria. The Arab text (set in a standa…
The Role of Women as 'Agents Religieux' in Sokoto
Les femmes musulmanes sont considérées conventionnellement y compris par les hommes musulmans comme des croyants de deuxième ordre qu'elles soient vues comme des agents capables de contourner et de manipuler les pratiques islamiques ou qu'elles soient vues comme des victimes consententes. L'article attire l'attention sur une tradition musulmane différente, celle des femmes pieuses, et parfois savantes, impliquées dans les activités religieuses. L…
Therapy, Ideology and Social Change
Shari'a in Songhay
W. Seidensticker and G. Adamu, A Bibliographical Guide to Borno Studies, 1821–1983. Maiduguri
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
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