Louise Kuhn
Biographic Data
| ID | 3922977 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Louise Kuhn |
| GIVEN NAMES | Louise |
| FAMILY NAME | Kuhn |
| SIGNATURE | KÜHN L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2305-8665 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 65 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Women with moderate anaemia prior to conception benefited most from nutrition interventions
INTRODUCTION: The Women First (WF) Preconception Maternal Nutrition trial found greater benefits of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) for intrauterine growth among anaemic versus non-anaemic women at preconception. We investigated whether the benefits of SQ-LNS in improving markers of intrauterine growth occurred evenly across the mild to moderate spectrum of pre-pregnancy anaemia. METHODS: We analysed WF data (n=2443 mater…
Evaluation of a patient educational brochure to increase knowledge of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in La Romana
Cervical cancer is among the most preventable human malignancies, yet it’s the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the Dominican Republic. Among those who are most at risk for cervical cancer are women living with HIV (WLH) who face a six-fold increased risk compared to the general population. Given patient barriers to uptake of cervical cancer screening, we created a patient-facing brochure on cervical cancer to be distributed wi…
Factors Related To Improving the Quality of Cervical Cancer Screening for Women Living with HIV in La Romana, Dominican Republic
Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death, especially among women living with HIV (WLH). This qualitative study explored barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening from the perspective of healthcare providers and WLH at Clínica de Familia La Romana, a large primary care clinic that specializes in HIV in the Dominican Republic. Ten providers and 25 WLH participated in interviews, which were analyzed in Dedoose usi…
Oral health and behavioral problems in children living with and without HIV in South Africa
The prevalence of behavioral problems in children and adolescents living with HIV is high. We investigate associations between oral microbiota and behavioral problems in children living with HIV (CLWH) and children who are HIV-uninfected (CHU). Oral swab samples, assessment of behavioral functioning using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and clinical and social data were collected from 477 CLWH and 123 CHU at two sites in Johan…
Disclosure to South African children about their own HIV status over time
Disclosure to children living with HIV (CLHIV) about their own status is associated with positive outcomes such as treatment adherence, but prior cross-sectional studies in sub-Saharan Africa report disclosure rates of <50%. This study aims to assess pediatric disclosure over time. 548 CLHIV were followed from 2/2013-4/2018 in Johannesburg, South Africa. Cumulative incidence of disclosure was calculated with Kaplan-Meier analysis, and disclosure …
Point-of-care viral load testing among adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Haiti
HIV viral load (VL) monitoring can reinforce antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Standard VL testing requires high laboratory capacity and coordination between clinic and laboratory which can delay results. A randomized trial comparing point-of-care (POC) VL testing to standard VL testing among 150 adolescents and young adults, ages 10-24 years, living with HIV in Haiti determined if POC VL testing could return faster results and improve ART …
Optimizing the World Health Organization algorithm for HIV vertical transmission risk assessment by adding maternal self-reported antiretroviral therapy adherence
In the absence of a VL result, mothers' self-reported adherence at delivery increases the number of identified infants eligible to receive enhanced post-natal prophylaxis
A description of early neurodevelopment in a cohort of HIV-exposed uninfected children
Introduction: Successful strategies preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission have resulted in increasing numbers of uninfected children exposed to maternal HIV and ART in-utero, and while breastfeeding. Some reports describe exposure as impacting neurodevelopment. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 49 of the 70 HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) birth-enrolled children as the control arm of an observational cohort study of early treatme…
Educational delays among children living with perinatally-acquired HIV in Johannesburg, South Africa
Little is known about how growing up with HIV impacts educational outcomes in sub-Saharan African children. We evaluated if South African children living with HIV (CLWH) were in the appropriate school grade-for-age compared to uninfected control children. We observed higher rates of not being in the correct grade-for-age in CLWH compared with controls (OR 3.32, 95% CI: 2.07-5.34), adjusted for study site, sex, whether the child's biological fathe…
Extent of disclosure
How and when to disclose a positive HIV diagnosis to an infected child is a complex challenge for caregivers and healthcare workers. With the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, pediatric HIV infection has transitioned from a fatal disease to a lifelong chronic illness, thus increasing the need to address the disclosure process. As HIV-infected children mature, begin to take part in management of their own health care, and potentially initiat…
Adherence and virologic suppression during the first 24 weeks on antiretroviral therapy among women in Johannesburg, South Africa - a prospective cohort study
Virologic response to NNRTI-treatment in the cohort was excellent. However, women who received sdNVP were at greater risk of virologic failure when adherence was <95%. Women exposed to sdNVP, and those with less education and less social support may benefit from additional adherence counseling to ensure the long-term success of ART. More than 80% adherence may be sufficient to maintain virologic suppression on NNRTI-based regimens in the short-te…
Beyond informed choice
Short regimens of anti‐retroviral drugs can significantly reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child which occurs around the time of delivery, but these drugs do not significantly reduce HIV transmission through breast‐feeding. In order to prevent transmission, some have called for the provision of milk formula for HIV‐positive women. However, linking milk formula, which is of questionable safety, with anti‐retroviral drugs, which are of…
Rejoinder to Forsyth and Nattrass
Infant survival, HIV infection, and feeding alternatives in less-developed countries
OBJECTIVES: This study examines, in the context of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, the effects of optimal breast-feeding, complete avoidance of breast-feeding, and early cessation of breast-feeding. METHODS: The three categories of breast-feeding were weighed in terms of HIV transmission and infant mortality. Estimates of the frequency of adverse outcomes were obtained by simulation. RESULTS: Avoidance of all breast-feeding by th…
The effects of vitamin A supplementation on the morbidity of children born to HIV-infected women
OBJECTIVE. The effects of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women were evaluated in a population where vitamin A deficiency is not endemic. METHODS. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A supplementation was carried out in 118 offspring of HIV-infected women in Durban, South Africa. Those assigned to receive a supplement were given 50,000 IU of vitamin A at 1 and 3 …
Davidson and colleagues Respond
Davidson and colleagues Respond Leslie L. Davidson, Maureen S. Durkin, Louise Kuhn, Patricia O'Connor, Barbara Barlow, and Margaret C. Heagarty CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.85.2.268-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
The Effects of Vitamin A Supplementation on the Morbidity of Children Born to HIV-Infected Women
OBJECTIVE. The effects of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women were evaluated in a population where vitamin A deficiency is not endemic. METHODS. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A supplementation was carried out in 118 offspring of HIV-infected women in Durban, South Africa. Those assigned to receive a supplement were given 50,000 IU of vitamin A at 1 and 3 …
The role of city and state agencies in injury prevention
The role of city and state agencies in injury prevention. L L Davidson, M S Durkin, L Kuhn, P O'Connor, B Barlow, and M C HeagartyCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.84.11.1853-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
Maternal-infant HIV transmission and circumstances of delivery
OBJECTIVES. Circumstances of delivery among children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were investigated to assess whether they were consistent with predictions that intrapartum factors affect the risk of maternal-infant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. METHODS. Pediatric AIDS patients (maternal-infant transmission; n = 632) reported to the New York City Health Department through 1991 were compared with a series of in…
Low-income neighborhoods and the risk of severe pediatric injury
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and the incidence of severe childhood injury. METHODS. Small-area analysis was used to examine socioeconomic risk factors for pediatric injury resulting in hospitalization or death in Northern Manhattan, New York, NY, during a 9-year period (1983 through 1991). RESULTS. The average annual incidence of all causes of severe pediatric injury …
The impact of the Safe Kids/Healthy Neighborhoods Injury Prevention Program in Harlem, 1988 through 1991
OBJECTIVES. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a community coalition to prevent severe injuries to children in Central Harlem, New York, NY. It was hypothesized that injury incidence rates would decline during the intervention (1989 through 1991) relative to preintervention years (1983 through 1988); that the decline would be greatest for the targeted age group (5 through 16 years) and targeted injury causes (traffic accidents, assaults, f…
Attitudes towards Rape and Rapists
A vignette methodology was used to examine the effects of varying a sexual assault offender's ascribed race and class on attributions of responsibility to the victim, sentencing judgements for the offender, and perceptions of the victim. Respondents were 183 young white South African English-speaking students, male and female, domiciled in university residences in 1987 at the University of Cape Town. Measured by sentencing decisions, subjects wer…
Determinants of cigarette smoking in the black township population of Cape Town
There is concern about the increasing tobacco consumption in developing countries, especially in urban communities. Little information is available on the prevalence and determinants of smoking in black townships in South Africa. We therefore conducted a survey of the smoking practices in three such townships in Cape Town, in which 673 higher primary schoolchildren and 1320 adults were interviewed using a WHO questionnaire translated into Xhosa. …
Low-income neighborhoods and the risk of severe pediatric injury
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and the incidence of severe childhood injury. METHODS. Small-area analysis was used to examine socioeconomic risk factors for pediatric injury resulting in hospitalization or death in Northern Manhattan, New York, NY, during a 9-year period (1983 through 1991). RESULTS. The average annual incidence of all causes of severe pediatric injury …
The impact of the Safe Kids/Healthy Neighborhoods Injury Prevention Program in Harlem, 1988 through 1991
OBJECTIVES. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a community coalition to prevent severe injuries to children in Central Harlem, New York, NY. It was hypothesized that injury incidence rates would decline during the intervention (1989 through 1991) relative to preintervention years (1983 through 1988); that the decline would be greatest for the targeted age group (5 through 16 years) and targeted injury causes (traffic accidents, assaults, f…
Infant survival, HIV infection, and feeding alternatives in less-developed countries
OBJECTIVES: This study examines, in the context of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, the effects of optimal breast-feeding, complete avoidance of breast-feeding, and early cessation of breast-feeding. METHODS: The three categories of breast-feeding were weighed in terms of HIV transmission and infant mortality. Estimates of the frequency of adverse outcomes were obtained by simulation. RESULTS: Avoidance of all breast-feeding by th…
The effects of vitamin A supplementation on the morbidity of children born to HIV-infected women
OBJECTIVE. The effects of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women were evaluated in a population where vitamin A deficiency is not endemic. METHODS. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A supplementation was carried out in 118 offspring of HIV-infected women in Durban, South Africa. Those assigned to receive a supplement were given 50,000 IU of vitamin A at 1 and 3 …
Maternal-infant HIV transmission and circumstances of delivery
OBJECTIVES. Circumstances of delivery among children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were investigated to assess whether they were consistent with predictions that intrapartum factors affect the risk of maternal-infant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. METHODS. Pediatric AIDS patients (maternal-infant transmission; n = 632) reported to the New York City Health Department through 1991 were compared with a series of in…
Determinants of cigarette smoking in the black township population of Cape Town
There is concern about the increasing tobacco consumption in developing countries, especially in urban communities. Little information is available on the prevalence and determinants of smoking in black townships in South Africa. We therefore conducted a survey of the smoking practices in three such townships in Cape Town, in which 673 higher primary schoolchildren and 1320 adults were interviewed using a WHO questionnaire translated into Xhosa. …
Determinants of cigarette smoking in the black township population of Cape Town
There is concern about the increasing tobacco consumption in developing countries, especially in urban communities. Little information is available on the prevalence and determinants of smoking in black townships in South Africa. We therefore conducted a survey of the smoking practices in three such townships in Cape Town, in which 673 higher primary schoolchildren and 1320 adults were interviewed using a WHO questionnaire translated into Xhosa. …
Attitudes towards Rape and Rapists
A vignette methodology was used to examine the effects of varying a sexual assault offender's ascribed race and class on attributions of responsibility to the victim, sentencing judgements for the offender, and perceptions of the victim. Respondents were 183 young white South African English-speaking students, male and female, domiciled in university residences in 1987 at the University of Cape Town. Measured by sentencing decisions, subjects wer…
The role of city and state agencies in injury prevention
The role of city and state agencies in injury prevention. L L Davidson, M S Durkin, L Kuhn, P O'Connor, B Barlow, and M C HeagartyCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.84.11.1853-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
Maternal-infant HIV transmission and circumstances of delivery
OBJECTIVES. Circumstances of delivery among children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were investigated to assess whether they were consistent with predictions that intrapartum factors affect the risk of maternal-infant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. METHODS. Pediatric AIDS patients (maternal-infant transmission; n = 632) reported to the New York City Health Department through 1991 were compared with a series of in…
Low-income neighborhoods and the risk of severe pediatric injury
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and the incidence of severe childhood injury. METHODS. Small-area analysis was used to examine socioeconomic risk factors for pediatric injury resulting in hospitalization or death in Northern Manhattan, New York, NY, during a 9-year period (1983 through 1991). RESULTS. The average annual incidence of all causes of severe pediatric injury …
The impact of the Safe Kids/Healthy Neighborhoods Injury Prevention Program in Harlem, 1988 through 1991
OBJECTIVES. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a community coalition to prevent severe injuries to children in Central Harlem, New York, NY. It was hypothesized that injury incidence rates would decline during the intervention (1989 through 1991) relative to preintervention years (1983 through 1988); that the decline would be greatest for the targeted age group (5 through 16 years) and targeted injury causes (traffic accidents, assaults, f…
The effects of vitamin A supplementation on the morbidity of children born to HIV-infected women
OBJECTIVE. The effects of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women were evaluated in a population where vitamin A deficiency is not endemic. METHODS. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A supplementation was carried out in 118 offspring of HIV-infected women in Durban, South Africa. Those assigned to receive a supplement were given 50,000 IU of vitamin A at 1 and 3 …
Davidson and colleagues Respond
Davidson and colleagues Respond Leslie L. Davidson, Maureen S. Durkin, Louise Kuhn, Patricia O'Connor, Barbara Barlow, and Margaret C. Heagarty CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.85.2.268-a Published Online: October 07, 2011
The Effects of Vitamin A Supplementation on the Morbidity of Children Born to HIV-Infected Women
OBJECTIVE. The effects of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women were evaluated in a population where vitamin A deficiency is not endemic. METHODS. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A supplementation was carried out in 118 offspring of HIV-infected women in Durban, South Africa. Those assigned to receive a supplement were given 50,000 IU of vitamin A at 1 and 3 …
Infant survival, HIV infection, and feeding alternatives in less-developed countries
OBJECTIVES: This study examines, in the context of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, the effects of optimal breast-feeding, complete avoidance of breast-feeding, and early cessation of breast-feeding. METHODS: The three categories of breast-feeding were weighed in terms of HIV transmission and infant mortality. Estimates of the frequency of adverse outcomes were obtained by simulation. RESULTS: Avoidance of all breast-feeding by th…
Beyond informed choice
Short regimens of anti‐retroviral drugs can significantly reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child which occurs around the time of delivery, but these drugs do not significantly reduce HIV transmission through breast‐feeding. In order to prevent transmission, some have called for the provision of milk formula for HIV‐positive women. However, linking milk formula, which is of questionable safety, with anti‐retroviral drugs, which are of…
Rejoinder to Forsyth and Nattrass
Adherence and virologic suppression during the first 24 weeks on antiretroviral therapy among women in Johannesburg, South Africa - a prospective cohort study
Virologic response to NNRTI-treatment in the cohort was excellent. However, women who received sdNVP were at greater risk of virologic failure when adherence was <95%. Women exposed to sdNVP, and those with less education and less social support may benefit from additional adherence counseling to ensure the long-term success of ART. More than 80% adherence may be sufficient to maintain virologic suppression on NNRTI-based regimens in the short-te…
Extent of disclosure
How and when to disclose a positive HIV diagnosis to an infected child is a complex challenge for caregivers and healthcare workers. With the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, pediatric HIV infection has transitioned from a fatal disease to a lifelong chronic illness, thus increasing the need to address the disclosure process. As HIV-infected children mature, begin to take part in management of their own health care, and potentially initiat…
A description of early neurodevelopment in a cohort of HIV-exposed uninfected children
Introduction: Successful strategies preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission have resulted in increasing numbers of uninfected children exposed to maternal HIV and ART in-utero, and while breastfeeding. Some reports describe exposure as impacting neurodevelopment. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 49 of the 70 HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) birth-enrolled children as the control arm of an observational cohort study of early treatme…
Educational delays among children living with perinatally-acquired HIV in Johannesburg, South Africa
Little is known about how growing up with HIV impacts educational outcomes in sub-Saharan African children. We evaluated if South African children living with HIV (CLWH) were in the appropriate school grade-for-age compared to uninfected control children. We observed higher rates of not being in the correct grade-for-age in CLWH compared with controls (OR 3.32, 95% CI: 2.07-5.34), adjusted for study site, sex, whether the child's biological fathe…
Point-of-care viral load testing among adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Haiti
HIV viral load (VL) monitoring can reinforce antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Standard VL testing requires high laboratory capacity and coordination between clinic and laboratory which can delay results. A randomized trial comparing point-of-care (POC) VL testing to standard VL testing among 150 adolescents and young adults, ages 10-24 years, living with HIV in Haiti determined if POC VL testing could return faster results and improve ART …
Optimizing the World Health Organization algorithm for HIV vertical transmission risk assessment by adding maternal self-reported antiretroviral therapy adherence
In the absence of a VL result, mothers' self-reported adherence at delivery increases the number of identified infants eligible to receive enhanced post-natal prophylaxis
Disclosure to South African children about their own HIV status over time
Disclosure to children living with HIV (CLHIV) about their own status is associated with positive outcomes such as treatment adherence, but prior cross-sectional studies in sub-Saharan Africa report disclosure rates of <50%. This study aims to assess pediatric disclosure over time. 548 CLHIV were followed from 2/2013-4/2018 in Johannesburg, South Africa. Cumulative incidence of disclosure was calculated with Kaplan-Meier analysis, and disclosure …
Oral health and behavioral problems in children living with and without HIV in South Africa
The prevalence of behavioral problems in children and adolescents living with HIV is high. We investigate associations between oral microbiota and behavioral problems in children living with HIV (CLWH) and children who are HIV-uninfected (CHU). Oral swab samples, assessment of behavioral functioning using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and clinical and social data were collected from 477 CLWH and 123 CHU at two sites in Johan…
Women with moderate anaemia prior to conception benefited most from nutrition interventions
INTRODUCTION: The Women First (WF) Preconception Maternal Nutrition trial found greater benefits of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) for intrauterine growth among anaemic versus non-anaemic women at preconception. We investigated whether the benefits of SQ-LNS in improving markers of intrauterine growth occurred evenly across the mild to moderate spectrum of pre-pregnancy anaemia. METHODS: We analysed WF data (n=2443 mater…
Evaluation of a patient educational brochure to increase knowledge of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in La Romana
Cervical cancer is among the most preventable human malignancies, yet it’s the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the Dominican Republic. Among those who are most at risk for cervical cancer are women living with HIV (WLH) who face a six-fold increased risk compared to the general population. Given patient barriers to uptake of cervical cancer screening, we created a patient-facing brochure on cervical cancer to be distributed wi…
Factors Related To Improving the Quality of Cervical Cancer Screening for Women Living with HIV in La Romana, Dominican Republic
Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death, especially among women living with HIV (WLH). This qualitative study explored barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening from the perspective of healthcare providers and WLH at Clínica de Familia La Romana, a large primary care clinic that specializes in HIV in the Dominican Republic. Ten providers and 25 WLH participated in interviews, which were analyzed in Dedoose usi…
Medicine (18 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (12 works) · Environmental health (10 works) · Pediatrics (9 works) · Family medicine (8 works) · Psychology (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Population (6 works) · Confidence interval (5 works) · Immunology (5 works)