Amarante
Biographic Data
| ID | 43978 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Amarante |
| FAMILY NAME | Amarante |
| SIGNATURE | AMARANTE |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universidad de la República de Uruguay |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3642-7009 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 57 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Ideology and Economist's Views on Inequality and Discrimination
This paper investigates how the ideological profiles of Uruguayan economists relate to their opinions regarding inequality and discrimination. Based on survey data, we explore the links between three ideological dimensions—political orientation, sexist attitudes (benevolent and hostile), and pro‐market beliefs—and their opinions. We find that right‐wing political ideology, hostile sexism, and pro‐market attitudes are consistently associated with …
Social Protection Coverage in Latin America
This paper analyzes the evolution of Latin American social protection systems during the inclusionary period from the beginning of the 2000s to the mid-2010s. Using microdata from household surveys across 17 countries, we build a traditional composite measure that provides a macro-level valuation of social protection (the Social Protection Aggregate Index, SPAI). We also propose an innovative index at the individual level (social protection depri…
Cash transfers and the Covid-19 pandemic
This paper presents a comparative analysis of Argentina and Uruguay’s cash transfer responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite similar institutional foundations, the countries adopted contrasting strategies: Argentina expanded horizontal coverage through new programmes reaching nearly half of all households, while Uruguay increased the value of existing transfers. These approaches reflect structural differences, particularly labour informality r…
Poverty in Latin America
This Element derives subjective poverty lines for seven Latin American countries based on a Minimum Income Question included in household expenditure surveys. It compares poverty incidence under the subjective and objective approach, finding subjective poverty is larger than objective for all countries. People identified as poor are generally poor by both measures or only subjective poor, although patterns of overlapping differ between countries.…
Outsourcing of Domestic Work in Chile and Uruguay
Beyond Formal Coverage
Family policies are crucial for supporting population well‐being, yet conventional comparative analyses often fail to capture their true reach and effectiveness, particularly in developing regions. This paper develops a novel approach to evaluating family policies in Latin America. Using data from 2002 and 2022 for 17 Latin American countries, we compare statutory provisions with adjusted indicators that account for implementation constraints acr…
Children Do Care
Hours of Work and Early Childhood Education and Access to Care Services in Latin America
This paper explores the relationship between access to early childhood education and care (ECEC) services and family arrangements in the distribution of work in four Latin American countries. We find that households in which all children aged 0 to 5 receive ECEC services exhibit smaller gender gaps in unpaid work, mainly due to a decrease in the amount of time women devote to care work. Women in these households devote more time to paid work, suc…
Nouvel éclairage sur la relation entre inégalités et informalité à partir de l'exemple latino‐américain
De nombreuses économies en développement affichent à la fois de fortes inégalités des revenus et un emploi largement informel. Malgré cette conjonction frappante, la relation entre les deux phénomènes est peu étudiée, en particulier pour l'Amérique latine. Les auteurs soulignent la complexité de ce lien et isolent plusieurs facteurs susceptibles d'influer en la matière. Ils testent leur modèle conceptuel empiriquement avec des données de panel po…
The challenge of income inequality in Latin America
Seventy-five years after the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) was founded, reducing the concentration of income and wealth remains one of the key challenges in Latin America. This article firstly reviews the contributions made by ECLAC and Latin American structuralism to the analysis and measurement of the income distribution. It then describes the main trends of inequality in the region from 1990 to the present, an…
Gender Differences in Opinions about Market Solutions and Government Interventions
This article explores the differences in views between men and women Uruguayan economists regarding their opinions about market solutions and government interventions. In line with international evidence, the support for more market-oriented statements is lower among women than men. The study examines the role of age, family background, exposure to economic discussions (proxied by postgraduate education, reading of blogs and press, and academic e…
Housework and earnings
This paper analyzes the intrahousehold allocation of housework and paid work in five Latin American countries. Prior work has consistently shown that income plays a major role in the region's large gender gaps in the distribution of unpaid work at the aggregate level. However, the extent to which earnings shape intrahousehold decisions regarding the allocation of unpaid work remains unexplored. Using harmonized time-use surveys for Chile, Colombi…
Consensos, disensos e ideología
This article studies the consensus among economists in Uruguay regarding aset of economic propositions. The findings indicate that the levels of consensus in Uruguay are comparatively lower than in other countries, although thelevels of dissensus are also lower, resulting in a modest level of agreementoverall. The propositions related to discrimination and, to a lesser extent, environmental issues demonstrate the highest levels of agreement. Ther…
Poverty and gender in Latin America
Assumptions of the traditional income poverty measure have strong implications not confirmed by the evidence, but this measure is still widely used in gender poverty analysis. We explore the boundaries of the gender analysis of monetary poverty based on the currently available information (household surveys for 16 Latin American countries). Our results indicate that departing from the conventional methodology has more influence on women than men,…
The marginalization of southern researchers in Development
Multidimensional Poverty Among Older People in Five Latin American Countries
Aging and Productivity in Latin America
This article considers how changes in Latin American countries’ age structures may affect their long-term economic performance through the impact on labor supply, dependency ratios, and productivity. It analyzes fourteen Latin American countries using population projections for 2015–2050 and considering three scenarios. The basic scenario assumes constant sex- and age-specific behavior concerning employment, while the other two scenarios imply in…
Poverty and inequality in Latin America’s research agenda
The National Care System in Uruguay
Demographic and social changes have posed challenges to social protection systems in both developed and developing countries. In the former, population is gradually aging due to the ongoing demographic transition, characterized by fewer children being born and more adults surviving into old age. At the same time, the prevalence of significant gender gaps in the provision of care, with links to documented differences between men and women in the l…
More unequal or less? A review of global, regional and national income inequality
This article presents a multi-perspective discussion of trends in income inequality. Recent evidence from many sources shows that global income inequality is high and relatively stable, with the main changes being driven by developments in China and India. In developed countries, the trend has been towards higher levels of inequality over the last thirty years; and this has also been true of developing countries in the past decade, with the excep…
Caregiver pension credits for women
This article analyses the effects of the implementation of childcare pension credits for women in Uruguay, which were introduced as part of a social security reform in 2009. Using microdata from administrative records of the social security administration, we show that around 60% of retired women have used these credits between 2009 and 2015, computing on average 2.7 additional years of service. The use of childcare credits has been higher among …
Unfolding Patterns of Unpaid Household Work in Latin America
Although Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay show similar empirical patterns in terms of time women devote to unpaid work, they also present important variations in how unpaid work is distributed between men and women. Using time-use surveys for the 2007–10 period, this study finds a uniform pattern across the four countries regarding the main individual-level variables related to the allocation of unpaid work. When decomposing the gender gap in …
The gender gap in pensions in Latin America
Lower female lifetime labour market participation rates, greater interruptions during their working lives, and wage gaps contribute to create gender gaps in pensions at the time of retirement. The design of social security systems may reinforce or attenuate these gaps. This article provides new evidence on gender gaps in access to pensions and in pension income in four Southern Cone countries in Latin America and analyses their evolution between …
Demographic Change in Uruguay
Uruguay’s population is slowly aging, driven by the demographic transition that started early in the \n20th century. While this reflects significant improvements in mortality and fertility trends, it also creates \nimportant challenges for the fiscal sustainability of some social policies and for sustaining medium- and \nlong-term economic growth. Uruguay is going through the “demographic dividend” stage of this process \nas the proportion of the…
Inequality in Latin America
This article combines individual data from household surveys in the Latin American countries to obtain a regional income vector and analyse its distribution and recent changes. It investigates whether distributive changes in the countries over the past decade have improved income distribution between individuals or widened gaps. The region's indicators of global inequality declined significantly during 2003-2012. This drop in global inequality is…
Unfolding Patterns of Unpaid Household Work in Latin America
Although Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay show similar empirical patterns in terms of time women devote to unpaid work, they also present important variations in how unpaid work is distributed between men and women. Using time-use surveys for the 2007–10 period, this study finds a uniform pattern across the four countries regarding the main individual-level variables related to the allocation of unpaid work. When decomposing the gender gap in …
The gender gap in pensions in Latin America
Lower female lifetime labour market participation rates, greater interruptions during their working lives, and wage gaps contribute to create gender gaps in pensions at the time of retirement. The design of social security systems may reinforce or attenuate these gaps. This article provides new evidence on gender gaps in access to pensions and in pension income in four Southern Cone countries in Latin America and analyses their evolution between …
Inequality in Latin America
This article combines individual data from household surveys in the Latin American countries to obtain a regional income vector and analyse its distribution and recent changes. It investigates whether distributive changes in the countries over the past decade have improved income distribution between individuals or widened gaps. The region's indicators of global inequality declined significantly during 2003-2012. This drop in global inequality is…
The National Care System in Uruguay
Demographic and social changes have posed challenges to social protection systems in both developed and developing countries. In the former, population is gradually aging due to the ongoing demographic transition, characterized by fewer children being born and more adults surviving into old age. At the same time, the prevalence of significant gender gaps in the provision of care, with links to documented differences between men and women in the l…
Housework and earnings
This paper analyzes the intrahousehold allocation of housework and paid work in five Latin American countries. Prior work has consistently shown that income plays a major role in the region's large gender gaps in the distribution of unpaid work at the aggregate level. However, the extent to which earnings shape intrahousehold decisions regarding the allocation of unpaid work remains unexplored. Using harmonized time-use surveys for Chile, Colombi…
Multidimensional Poverty Among Older People in Five Latin American Countries
The marginalization of southern researchers in Development
The earnings share of total incomein latin america, 1990-2010
This article analyses the share of total income represented by employment earnings in the countries of Latin America over the last two decades. It first considers the wage share of gross domestic product (gdp) and then adds in the earnings of self-employed workers. The findings indicate that both total wages and total earnings declined as a share of gdp in most of the region s countries over the period, although there were some exceptions. The re…
Cash transfer programmes, income inequality and regional disparities. The case of the Uruguayan Asignaciones Familiares
This article aims at contributing to the debate on the effectiveness of cash transfers in terms of income inequality variations at the national and regional level, in middle-income countries like Uruguay. We microsimulate how targeting criteria affect impacts on school attendance, income inequality and poverty of the recently incepted cash transfer programme Asignaciones Familiares. Our results show that inequality tends to persist although progr…
El diseño del seguro de desempleo y sus efectos
Using unemployment insurance records and social security labor histories, we provide evidence of the impacts of recent changes in the unemployment insurance system of Uruguay. We estimate the effects on unemployment duration and post unemployment wages. Two main changes are considered: the modification in the scheme of payments —from a lump sum during six months to a decreasing system of payments during the same period— and extension in the durat…
La segregación ocupacional de género y las diferencias en las remuneraciones de los asalariados privados. Uruguay, 1990-2000
La segregación ocupacional de género y las diferencias en las remuneraciones de los asalariados privados. Uruguay, 1990-2000
Pobreza, red de protección social y situación de la infancia en Uruguay
En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de la pobreza y de la respuesta de la red de protección social en Uruguay entre 1991 y 2003, enfatizando en el período 1999 a 2003. Primero se presenta una descripción de la evolución de la pobreza y la desigualdad en el período. Se identifican los sectores de población más vulnerables y se realiza un ejercicio de determinación de pobreza cíclica y pobreza estructural. A su vez se busca identificar los sect…
La relevancia de la desigualdad en la medición del desarrollo humano. Uruguay 1991-2002
Sen’s capability approach considers that the main goal of the development process is the expansion of individual and social achievements in a wide set of dimensions (Alkire, 2002). Based in this perspective, in the early years of the 1990 decade, UNDP launched the Human Development Index (HDI) to reflect, monitor and rank countries. This index goes far beyond traditional cross-country rankings based exclusively on GDP, as it considers three key d…
Cash transfer programmes, income inequality and regional disparities. The case of the Uruguayan Asignaciones Familiares
This article aims at contributing to the debate on the effectiveness of cash transfers in terms of income inequality variations at the national and regional level, in middle-income countries like Uruguay. We microsimulate how targeting criteria affect impacts on school attendance, income inequality and poverty of the recently incepted cash transfer programme Asignaciones Familiares. Our results show that inequality tends to persist although progr…
El diseño del seguro de desempleo y sus efectos
Using unemployment insurance records and social security labor histories, we provide evidence of the impacts of recent changes in the unemployment insurance system of Uruguay. We estimate the effects on unemployment duration and post unemployment wages. Two main changes are considered: the modification in the scheme of payments —from a lump sum during six months to a decreasing system of payments during the same period— and extension in the durat…
Income Inequality in Latin America
The earnings share of total incomein latin america, 1990-2010
This article analyses the share of total income represented by employment earnings in the countries of Latin America over the last two decades. It first considers the wage share of gross domestic product (gdp) and then adds in the earnings of self-employed workers. The findings indicate that both total wages and total earnings declined as a share of gdp in most of the region s countries over the period, although there were some exceptions. The re…
Demographic Change in Uruguay
Uruguay’s population is slowly aging, driven by the demographic transition that started early in the \n20th century. While this reflects significant improvements in mortality and fertility trends, it also creates \nimportant challenges for the fiscal sustainability of some social policies and for sustaining medium- and \nlong-term economic growth. Uruguay is going through the “demographic dividend” stage of this process \nas the proportion of the…
Inequality in Latin America
This article combines individual data from household surveys in the Latin American countries to obtain a regional income vector and analyse its distribution and recent changes. It investigates whether distributive changes in the countries over the past decade have improved income distribution between individuals or widened gaps. The region's indicators of global inequality declined significantly during 2003-2012. This drop in global inequality is…
Unfolding Patterns of Unpaid Household Work in Latin America
Although Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay show similar empirical patterns in terms of time women devote to unpaid work, they also present important variations in how unpaid work is distributed between men and women. Using time-use surveys for the 2007–10 period, this study finds a uniform pattern across the four countries regarding the main individual-level variables related to the allocation of unpaid work. When decomposing the gender gap in …
The gender gap in pensions in Latin America
Lower female lifetime labour market participation rates, greater interruptions during their working lives, and wage gaps contribute to create gender gaps in pensions at the time of retirement. The design of social security systems may reinforce or attenuate these gaps. This article provides new evidence on gender gaps in access to pensions and in pension income in four Southern Cone countries in Latin America and analyses their evolution between …
More unequal or less? A review of global, regional and national income inequality
This article presents a multi-perspective discussion of trends in income inequality. Recent evidence from many sources shows that global income inequality is high and relatively stable, with the main changes being driven by developments in China and India. In developed countries, the trend has been towards higher levels of inequality over the last thirty years; and this has also been true of developing countries in the past decade, with the excep…
Caregiver pension credits for women
This article analyses the effects of the implementation of childcare pension credits for women in Uruguay, which were introduced as part of a social security reform in 2009. Using microdata from administrative records of the social security administration, we show that around 60% of retired women have used these credits between 2009 and 2015, computing on average 2.7 additional years of service. The use of childcare credits has been higher among …
The National Care System in Uruguay
Demographic and social changes have posed challenges to social protection systems in both developed and developing countries. In the former, population is gradually aging due to the ongoing demographic transition, characterized by fewer children being born and more adults surviving into old age. At the same time, the prevalence of significant gender gaps in the provision of care, with links to documented differences between men and women in the l…
Poverty and inequality in Latin America’s research agenda
Aging and Productivity in Latin America
This article considers how changes in Latin American countries’ age structures may affect their long-term economic performance through the impact on labor supply, dependency ratios, and productivity. It analyzes fourteen Latin American countries using population projections for 2015–2050 and considering three scenarios. The basic scenario assumes constant sex- and age-specific behavior concerning employment, while the other two scenarios imply in…
Poverty and gender in Latin America
Assumptions of the traditional income poverty measure have strong implications not confirmed by the evidence, but this measure is still widely used in gender poverty analysis. We explore the boundaries of the gender analysis of monetary poverty based on the currently available information (household surveys for 16 Latin American countries). Our results indicate that departing from the conventional methodology has more influence on women than men,…
The marginalization of southern researchers in Development
Multidimensional Poverty Among Older People in Five Latin American Countries
Nouvel éclairage sur la relation entre inégalités et informalité à partir de l'exemple latino‐américain
De nombreuses économies en développement affichent à la fois de fortes inégalités des revenus et un emploi largement informel. Malgré cette conjonction frappante, la relation entre les deux phénomènes est peu étudiée, en particulier pour l'Amérique latine. Les auteurs soulignent la complexité de ce lien et isolent plusieurs facteurs susceptibles d'influer en la matière. Ils testent leur modèle conceptuel empiriquement avec des données de panel po…
The challenge of income inequality in Latin America
Seventy-five years after the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) was founded, reducing the concentration of income and wealth remains one of the key challenges in Latin America. This article firstly reviews the contributions made by ECLAC and Latin American structuralism to the analysis and measurement of the income distribution. It then describes the main trends of inequality in the region from 1990 to the present, an…
Gender Differences in Opinions about Market Solutions and Government Interventions
This article explores the differences in views between men and women Uruguayan economists regarding their opinions about market solutions and government interventions. In line with international evidence, the support for more market-oriented statements is lower among women than men. The study examines the role of age, family background, exposure to economic discussions (proxied by postgraduate education, reading of blogs and press, and academic e…
Housework and earnings
This paper analyzes the intrahousehold allocation of housework and paid work in five Latin American countries. Prior work has consistently shown that income plays a major role in the region's large gender gaps in the distribution of unpaid work at the aggregate level. However, the extent to which earnings shape intrahousehold decisions regarding the allocation of unpaid work remains unexplored. Using harmonized time-use surveys for Chile, Colombi…
Consensos, disensos e ideología
This article studies the consensus among economists in Uruguay regarding aset of economic propositions. The findings indicate that the levels of consensus in Uruguay are comparatively lower than in other countries, although thelevels of dissensus are also lower, resulting in a modest level of agreementoverall. The propositions related to discrimination and, to a lesser extent, environmental issues demonstrate the highest levels of agreement. Ther…
Children Do Care
Political science (26 works) · Economics (20 works) · Latin Americans (16 works) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (14 works) · Income, Poverty, and Inequality (13 works) · Demographic economics (12 works) · Economic growth (10 works) · Inequality (10 works) · Development economics (9 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (8 works)