Carlo Garofalo
Biographic Data
| ID | 4437693 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carlo Garofalo |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carlo |
| FAMILY NAME | Garofalo |
| SIGNATURE | GAROFALO C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tilburg University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2306-6961 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 53 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2014 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Italian Validation of the Brief Self‐Reported Version of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale for Children
OBJECTIVES: Clinical assessment of anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents is gaining interest due to the need for brief, valid and reliable instruments that allow early screening through a multiple informant approach. The aim of the present study was to validate the brief self-reported version of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale for children (SCAS-C-8) by examining its concordances and discrepancies with reports from other informant, for…
Childhood Trauma and Aggression
The relation between childhood trauma and aggression is well-established. Yet, empirical findings are inconclusive regarding specific associations between types of childhood trauma and distinct types of aggression, as well as regarding possible mechanisms explaining their association. We examined associations that physical and emotional abuse, physical and emotional neglect, and sexual abuse had with four aggression types according to the Quadrip…
Emerging adults’ ADHD symptoms and alcohol use
This study explores the underlying mechanism of the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms and alcohol consumption, an increasingly risky behavior among Emerging Adults (EAs), particularly for college students. The specific focus is on understanding if and how self-regulation, specifically its inhibitory and initiatory facets, mediates this relationship. ADHD symptoms, alcohol consumption, and self-regulatio…
Emotion Regulation and Aggression
Research on emotion regulation (ER) and aggression has increased rapidly in the past years, but heterogeneity across studies make integration of findings challenging. To estimate the size and consistency of the relationship between ER and aggression we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. In total, 16,369 articles were retrieved from Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, and 137 articles (171 studies) provided 918 effect sizes from a …
Child and adolescent mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 outbreak impacted child and adolescent mental health. This five-wave study examined the growth trends of internalizing, externalizing, and sleep symptoms in Italian children and adolescents. It also investigated how individual, pandemic-related, and environmental factors influenced trends throughout the pandemic and lockdown periods until its end in May 2023. Parents reported their children and adolescents (ages 3–18) symptoms, socio…
Do early environmental factors influence the relationship between psychopathy and crime
Exploring mental health profiles of male youth detained in forensic settings
Childhood trauma and psychopathy
Resilience appeared to represent a significant buffer in the associations between childhood traumatic experiences and psychopathic traits, such that these associations became weaker and nonsignificant (and even negative for boldness) at higher levels compared to lower levels of resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved)
Anger’s moderating influence on the relationship between victimization and perpetration of domestic violence and abuse in patients suffering from severe mental illness. Insights from a cross sectional…
This study reveals persistent high DVA rates among patients with SMI. Overall, anger had no mediating effect on the association between victimization and perpetration of violence, except for psychological aggression and perpetration of DVA. This study emphasizes the importance of routine violence discussions in SMI care while taking context into account. However, further research on underlying mechanisms and interventions to improve discussions a…
Emotion dysregulation – A bridge between ACE and aggressive antisocial behavior
Forensic populations have high prevalence rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACE), but specific pathways from childhood victimization to adult victimizing behavior remain unclear. Difficulties in emotion regulation may prove to be a more proximal risk factor that functions as a pathway between ACE and aggressive antisocial behavior (AAB). In this study, we investigated concurrent associations between ACE, AAB, and difficulties in emotion reg…
Clinical Forensic Psychology
Coping Using Sex, Health-Related Behaviors, and Mental Health During Covid-19 Lockdown in the UK
Overall, greater coping using sex prior to lockdown was associated with worse mental health symptomatology during lockdown (anxiety, depression and stress), however, it was also associated with perceived positive change in health-related behaviors compared with before lockdown. This suggests that coping using sex may be associated with negative emotional reactions during lockdown, but may also be linked with positive change in health-promoting be…
Elucidating the relevance of dissociation and emotion dysregulation for aggression in forensic and community samples
The Complex Associations Between Early Childhood Adversity, Heart Rate Variability, Cluster B Personality Disorders, and Aggression
Early childhood adversity can cause an imbalance in the autonomic function, which may in turn lead to the development of trauma-spectrum disorders and aggressive behavior later in life. In the present study, we investigated the complex associations between early adversity, heart rate variability (HRV), cluster B personality disorders, and self-reported aggressive behavior in a group of 50 male forensic inpatients ( M age = 41.16; SD = 10.72). Str…
Similarities and Differences Between Youth Who Engaged in Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Sexually Abusive Behavior
This study examined differences between youth who engaged in intrafamilial (ISAB) and extrafamilial sexually abusive behavior (ESAB) on various characteristics covering the sociodemographic, offense-related, psychological, and environmental domains. A total of 85 Dutch male youth participated in this study. Information was obtained through self-report questionnaires and systematic screening of the case files. Youth who engaged in ISAB, compared w…
Grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, identity integration and self-control related to criminal behavior
We propose that both subtypes of narcissism should be carefully considered in clinical assessment and current intervention practices
Associations Between Resilience, Psychological Well-Being, Work-Related Stress and Covid-19 Fear in Forensic Healthcare Workers Using a Network Analysis
Forensic healthcare workers deal with patients with severe psychiatric and behavioral problems that put them at an increased risk of developing work-related stress and burnout. Working with this target group of patients during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic with far-reaching restrictive measures can negatively affect the psychological well-being of forensic workers. Research suggests that resilience can buffer workplace stress a…
Shame coping and psychopathy
To extend current knowledge on the role of emotion regulation in psychopathy, the present study sought to examine relationships between maladaptive (Attack Self, Attack Others, Avoidance, Withdrawal) and adaptive shame coping styles and psychopathic traits (interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, antisocial) in incarcerated violent offenders. A sample of 266 men incarcerated for violent offenses in Italian prisons (Mage = 37.42, SD = 11.85) complete…
Variants of psychopathy in male and female civil psychiatric patients
Clinical Forensic Psychology
Trajectories of Dynamic Risk Factors During Forensic Treatment
In this study, growth trajectories (from admission until unconditional release) of crime-related dynamic risk factors were investigated in a sample of Dutch forensic patients ( N = 317), using latent growth curve modeling. After testing the unconditional model, three predictors were added: first-time offender versus recidivist, age, and treatment duration. Postanalyses were chi-square difference tests, t tests, and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) t…
Assessing the Acceptability, Feasibility and Sustainability of an Intervention to Increase Detection of Domestic Violence and Abuse in Patients Suffering From Severe Mental Illness
Rationale: Despite interventions to improve detection rates, domestic violence, and abuse (DVA) remains largely undetected by healthcare services. We therefore aimed to examine the acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability of an intervention aiming to improve DVA detection rates, which included a clear referral pathway (i.e., the BRAVE intervention) and to explore the acceptability and feasibility of DVA management and referrals in general, …
Emotion regulation mediates relationships between mindfulness facets and aggression dimensions
Recent years have witnessed an increase of research on socio‐affective factors that can explain individual differences in aggressive tendencies across community and offender populations. Specifically, mindfulness and emotion regulation have emerged as important factors, which could also constitute important prevention and treatment targets. Yet, recent studies have advanced the possibility that mindfulness may also have a “dark” side, being assoc…
Get mad
Emotion regulation, mindfulness, and alexithymia
Understanding the connection between self‐esteem and aggression
The purpose of the present study was to extend previous knowledge concerning the link between self-esteem and aggression by examining the mediating role of emotion dysregulation among offenders and community participants. A sample of 153 incarcerated violent offenders and a community sample of 197 individuals completed self-report measures of self-esteem level, emotion dysregulation, and trait aggression. Offenders reported lower levels of self-e…
Negative emotionality and aggression in violent offenders
Emotion regulation mediates relationships between mindfulness facets and aggression dimensions
Recent years have witnessed an increase of research on socio‐affective factors that can explain individual differences in aggressive tendencies across community and offender populations. Specifically, mindfulness and emotion regulation have emerged as important factors, which could also constitute important prevention and treatment targets. Yet, recent studies have advanced the possibility that mindfulness may also have a “dark” side, being assoc…
Difficulties in emotion regulation and psychopathic traits in violent offenders
Get mad
Emotion regulation, mindfulness, and alexithymia
Gender moderates the relationship between attachment insecurities and emotion dysregulation
The relation between attachment styles and emotion regulation is well documented, and emotion dysregulation is considered characteristic of individuals with insecure attachment styles. Although gender differences in emotion regulation have often been reported, it is not clear whether the association between attachment styles and aspects of emotion dysregulation may vary across gender. A sample of 229 newlywed couples completed the Experiences in …
Do early environmental factors influence the relationship between psychopathy and crime
Shame coping and psychopathy
To extend current knowledge on the role of emotion regulation in psychopathy, the present study sought to examine relationships between maladaptive (Attack Self, Attack Others, Avoidance, Withdrawal) and adaptive shame coping styles and psychopathic traits (interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, antisocial) in incarcerated violent offenders. A sample of 266 men incarcerated for violent offenses in Italian prisons (Mage = 37.42, SD = 11.85) complete…
Variants of psychopathy in male and female civil psychiatric patients
Alcohol misuse in psychiatric patients and nonclinical individuals
Notwithstanding the relevance of both emotion dysregulation and impulsivity to alcohol misuse, there is a dearth of study addressing their reciprocal interaction. The first aim of this study was to confirm the role played by difficulties in emotion regulation and trait impulsivity in explaining maladaptive alcohol use, comparing a mixed psychiatric sample (N = 130; 64.4% males; mean age = 43.30 years, SD = 11.83) with community-dwelling individua…
Understanding the connection between self‐esteem and aggression
The purpose of the present study was to extend previous knowledge concerning the link between self-esteem and aggression by examining the mediating role of emotion dysregulation among offenders and community participants. A sample of 153 incarcerated violent offenders and a community sample of 197 individuals completed self-report measures of self-esteem level, emotion dysregulation, and trait aggression. Offenders reported lower levels of self-e…
Gender moderates the relationship between attachment insecurities and emotion dysregulation
The relation between attachment styles and emotion regulation is well documented, and emotion dysregulation is considered characteristic of individuals with insecure attachment styles. Although gender differences in emotion regulation have often been reported, it is not clear whether the association between attachment styles and aspects of emotion dysregulation may vary across gender. A sample of 229 newlywed couples completed the Experiences in …
“Thinking about arrows”
In an article published in Psychoanalytic Psychology, Schimmenti (2017) reported an empirical study whose results were interpreted as supporting the trauma model of dissociation and suggested that alexithymia and deficits in theory of mind might mediate the relation between emotional neglect and dissociation. Although interesting and thought provoking, that study also had methodological and conceptual limits, which leave open the possibility that…
Clarifying associations between psychopathy facets and personality disorders among offenders
Negative emotionality and aggression in violent offenders
Emotion regulation, mindfulness, and alexithymia
Personality functioning and psychopathic traits in child molesters and violent offenders
Difficulties in emotion regulation and psychopathic traits in violent offenders
Trajectories of Dynamic Risk Factors During Forensic Treatment
In this study, growth trajectories (from admission until unconditional release) of crime-related dynamic risk factors were investigated in a sample of Dutch forensic patients ( N = 317), using latent growth curve modeling. After testing the unconditional model, three predictors were added: first-time offender versus recidivist, age, and treatment duration. Postanalyses were chi-square difference tests, t tests, and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) t…
Assessing the Acceptability, Feasibility and Sustainability of an Intervention to Increase Detection of Domestic Violence and Abuse in Patients Suffering From Severe Mental Illness
Rationale: Despite interventions to improve detection rates, domestic violence, and abuse (DVA) remains largely undetected by healthcare services. We therefore aimed to examine the acceptability, feasibility, and sustainability of an intervention aiming to improve DVA detection rates, which included a clear referral pathway (i.e., the BRAVE intervention) and to explore the acceptability and feasibility of DVA management and referrals in general, …
Emotion regulation mediates relationships between mindfulness facets and aggression dimensions
Recent years have witnessed an increase of research on socio‐affective factors that can explain individual differences in aggressive tendencies across community and offender populations. Specifically, mindfulness and emotion regulation have emerged as important factors, which could also constitute important prevention and treatment targets. Yet, recent studies have advanced the possibility that mindfulness may also have a “dark” side, being assoc…
Get mad
The Complex Associations Between Early Childhood Adversity, Heart Rate Variability, Cluster B Personality Disorders, and Aggression
Early childhood adversity can cause an imbalance in the autonomic function, which may in turn lead to the development of trauma-spectrum disorders and aggressive behavior later in life. In the present study, we investigated the complex associations between early adversity, heart rate variability (HRV), cluster B personality disorders, and self-reported aggressive behavior in a group of 50 male forensic inpatients ( M age = 41.16; SD = 10.72). Str…
Similarities and Differences Between Youth Who Engaged in Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Sexually Abusive Behavior
This study examined differences between youth who engaged in intrafamilial (ISAB) and extrafamilial sexually abusive behavior (ESAB) on various characteristics covering the sociodemographic, offense-related, psychological, and environmental domains. A total of 85 Dutch male youth participated in this study. Information was obtained through self-report questionnaires and systematic screening of the case files. Youth who engaged in ISAB, compared w…
Grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, identity integration and self-control related to criminal behavior
We propose that both subtypes of narcissism should be carefully considered in clinical assessment and current intervention practices
Associations Between Resilience, Psychological Well-Being, Work-Related Stress and Covid-19 Fear in Forensic Healthcare Workers Using a Network Analysis
Forensic healthcare workers deal with patients with severe psychiatric and behavioral problems that put them at an increased risk of developing work-related stress and burnout. Working with this target group of patients during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic with far-reaching restrictive measures can negatively affect the psychological well-being of forensic workers. Research suggests that resilience can buffer workplace stress a…
Shame coping and psychopathy
To extend current knowledge on the role of emotion regulation in psychopathy, the present study sought to examine relationships between maladaptive (Attack Self, Attack Others, Avoidance, Withdrawal) and adaptive shame coping styles and psychopathic traits (interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, antisocial) in incarcerated violent offenders. A sample of 266 men incarcerated for violent offenses in Italian prisons (Mage = 37.42, SD = 11.85) complete…
Variants of psychopathy in male and female civil psychiatric patients
Clinical Forensic Psychology
Clinical Forensic Psychology
Coping Using Sex, Health-Related Behaviors, and Mental Health During Covid-19 Lockdown in the UK
Overall, greater coping using sex prior to lockdown was associated with worse mental health symptomatology during lockdown (anxiety, depression and stress), however, it was also associated with perceived positive change in health-related behaviors compared with before lockdown. This suggests that coping using sex may be associated with negative emotional reactions during lockdown, but may also be linked with positive change in health-promoting be…
Elucidating the relevance of dissociation and emotion dysregulation for aggression in forensic and community samples
Emotion dysregulation – A bridge between ACE and aggressive antisocial behavior
Forensic populations have high prevalence rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACE), but specific pathways from childhood victimization to adult victimizing behavior remain unclear. Difficulties in emotion regulation may prove to be a more proximal risk factor that functions as a pathway between ACE and aggressive antisocial behavior (AAB). In this study, we investigated concurrent associations between ACE, AAB, and difficulties in emotion reg…
Childhood trauma and psychopathy
Resilience appeared to represent a significant buffer in the associations between childhood traumatic experiences and psychopathic traits, such that these associations became weaker and nonsignificant (and even negative for boldness) at higher levels compared to lower levels of resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychology (27 works) · Clinical Psychology (21 works) · Developmental psychology (19 works) · Clinical Psychology (18 works) · Medicine (18 works) · Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending (16 works) · Poison control (15 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Psychiatry (12 works)