Marie‐josée Nadeau
Biographic Data
| ID | 4456799 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Marie‐josée Nadeau |
| GIVEN NAMES | Marie‐josée |
| FAMILY NAME | Nadeau |
| SIGNATURE | NADEAU M J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9616-5632 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 36 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 469 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 36 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
How precise can the calibration of a single radiocarbon measurement be
Radiocarbon dating is a widely used method in archaeology and earth sciences, but the precision of calibrated dates from single radiocarbon measurements can be difficult to understand. This study investigates the precision of calibrated radiocarbon dates depending on the uncertainties of the measurement and the details of the calibration curve. Using data for the Holocene epoch and the IntCal20 calibration curve, over 1,000,000 hypothetical radio…
Turnover rates in human bone and tissue
Bone and tissue fractions, obtained in 2017 following hip replacement surgery on a healthy Caucasian male, born in 1944, reflect in their 14 C concentrations the integrated effect of the lifetime metabolic uptake and replacement of atmospheric bomb 14 C at different tissue-specific turnover rates. The 14 C content of hair and nails reflects recent carbon uptake. The 14 C values in healthy cartilage and bone collagen/apatite correspond to those of…
Modeling the contribution of carbon sources using cellulose 14C concentrations in subannual tree ring increments over the 1963 bomb spike
Measurements of the radiocarbon ( 14 C) content of subannual wood cellulose samples over the 1963 bomb spike have revealed an apparent delay between the increase in atmospheric radiocarbon content and that of wood cellulose. This delay is apparent in both coniferous and deciduous tree species and is of a magnitude of approximately 4 weeks. The delay in wood cellulose 14 C change as measured in a Sitka spruce from Washington state, USA, was previo…
Unravelling the History of a Venetian Antiphonary
We present the results of a multifaceted study of an antiphonary—liturgical song book—presumably made in Venice in 1607, now in the Ringve, National Music Museum of Norway in Trondheim 1 . The book is hand-sewn on raised cords, bound in full leather on cardboard covers, originally with metal clamps. The paper block consists of pages printed in black and red that include both song texts and music scores. The red ink is based on vermillion and red …
The Radiocarbon Sample Archive of Trondheim
Atmospheric CO 2 samples have been collected by the Trondheim Radiocarbon Laboratory since the 1960s. The remaining material from the measurements has been precipitated as CaCO 3 and stored in glass containers. We investigated some of the stored samples to assess whether the material could still be used for remeasurements of atmospheric radiocarbon ( 14 C) content, or if it has been contaminated during the years of storage. We attempted different…
Status report of the Trondheim Radiocarbon Laboratory
The Trondheim radiocarbon ( 14 C) laboratory has evolved from a traditional radiocarbon decay counting laboratory to an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facility primarily measuring 14 C. This evolution required adjustments in sample preparation and data handling to match the capacity of the AMS system and reduction in sample sizes to about 1 mgC. We summarize here the steps involved in dating a sample at the National Laboratory for Age Determ…
The 1953–1965 rise in Atmospheric bomb 14 C in Central Norway
Sub-annual measurements, eight increments per year, of cellulose in a Scots pine tree growing in central Norway are presented as a proxy for tropospheric 14 CO 2 at biweekly to monthly resolution. The results are validated by comparison to direct atmospheric measurements in the years 1959–1965, and a new dataset is obtained for 1953–1958. In this period, our cellulose measurements deviate from the Bomb 13 NH1 calibration curve, which is derived f…
Radiocarbon Calibration around AD 1900 from Scots Pine ( Pinus Sylvestris ) tree rings from Northern Norway
To resolve an inconsistency around AD 1895 between radiocarbon ( 14 C) measurements on oak from the British Isles and Douglas fir and Sitka spruce from the Pacific Northwest, USA, we measured the 14 C content in single-year tree rings from a Scots pine tree ( Pinus sylvestris L.), which grew in a remote location in Saltdal, northern Norway. The dataset covers the period AD 1864–1937 and its results are in agreement with measurements from the US P…
Subsoil 14 C Dynamics in Different Types of Tropical and Subtropical Soils under Different Crop Management
Radiocarbon has been applied as a tracer to study carbon dynamics in different types of tropical soils, under paddy and non-paddy management on Java, Indonesia. The 14 C concentrations were measured in samples of total organic carbon as well as in alkali-soluble humic acids, insoluble humin, and plant remains (roots, seeds, leaves) obtained from three sites with Andosols, Alisols, and Vertisols at different altitudes. In addition, the abundance a…
Quantitative diet reconstruction of a Neolithic population using a Bayesian mixing model (FRUITS)
Objectives The island cemetery site of Ostorf (Germany) consists of individual human graves containing Funnel Beaker ceramics dating to the Early or Middle Neolithic. However, previous isotope and radiocarbon analysis demonstrated that the Ostorf individuals had a diet rich in freshwater fish. The present study was undertaken to quantitatively reconstruct the diet of the Ostorf population and establish if dietary habits are consistent with the tr…
Food Reconstruction Using Isotopic Transferred Signals (FRUITS)
Human and animal diet reconstruction studies that rely on tissue chemical signatures aim at providing estimates on the relative intake of potential food groups. However, several sources of uncertainty need to be considered when handling data. Bayesian mixing models provide a natural platform to handle diverse sources of uncertainty while allowing the user to contribute with prior expert information. The Bayesian mixing model FRUITS (Food Reconstr…
Towards the use of radiocarbon as a dietary proxy
Radiocarbon reservoir effects (RREs) are observed when the 14C concentration of aquatic reservoirs is lower than the contemporary atmosphere. Within these reservoirs, aquatic species will also have a 14C depleted signal, and humans feeding on these species will show a dietary RRE. Human dietary RREs are often viewed as a problem for the establishment of reliable chronologies. However, they also represent an opportunity to introduce radiocarbon as…
A preliminary study on the influence of cooking on the C and N isotopic composition of multiple organic fractions of fish (mackerel and haddock)
Este, Padova, Italy
Two floating tree-ring chronologies were developed from oak timbers recovered during salvage excavations of a pre-Roman wharf in Este, a prominent center of the Veneti people, who lived in northeastern Italy during the Iron Age. Wiggle-match radiocarbon dating shows that one chronology spans the 10th and 9th centuries cal BC, and that the waterfront was probably built ∼800 cal BC. The second chronology apparently spans most of the 7th century cal…
Natural and human induced environmental changes preserved in a Holocene sediment sequence from the Etoliko Lagoon, Greece
Fire and forest history of central European low mountain forest sites based on soil charcoal analysis
Long-term environmental changes in some areas of Central Europe are still poorly documented due to the lack of archives suitable for well-established paleoecological approaches. However, paleorecords of such areas would provide important insights into the Holocene vegetation history of Central Europe. To contribute to fill this gap, we conducted soil charcoal analyses to investigate fire and forest history for the eastern Harz Mountains (Germany)…
Assessment of Interlaboratory Pretreatment Protocols by Radiocarbon Dating an Elk Bone Found Below Laacher See Tephra at Miesenheim IV (Rhineland, Germany)
Four accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facilities undertook an interlaboratory exercise designed to examine the reliability and reproducibility of radiocarbon determinations on bone by dating a sample of elk ( Alces alces ) from Miesenheim IV. This specimen is derived from a secure geological context directly beneath the Laacher See tephra, which provides a precise terminus ante quern of ∼11,060 yr BP (∼13,050 cal yr BP). Regrettably, the resul…
Origin of Subsoil Carbon in a Chinese Paddy Soil Chronosequence
Rice paddies are highly important agricultural soils in view of their relevance as major staple food provider in the world and their key role in the global carbon cycle, caused by special management practices. A soil chronosequence, consisting of paddy and upland soils, developed on reclaimed estuarine sediments in the Province of Zhejiang, China, was sampled to investigate the influence of duration of agricultural use (50 to 2000 yr) on soil com…
Dating Bulk Sediments from Limnic Deposits Using a Grain-Size Approach
Radiocarbon measurements on bulk subaqueous sediments typically provide ages significantly older than actual time of deposition. This is generally caused by the presence of reworked organic compounds, which are depleted in 14 C. To explore this issue of age heterogeneity, we collected 4 organic-rich samples from varying depths in a lake sediment core at the Gemündener Maar (Eifel, Germany), a lake of volcanic origin. We divided each sample into 5…
Neolithic human impact on landscapes related to megalithic structures
Mussels with Meat
Local reservoir ages are often estimated from the difference between the radiocarbon ages of aquatic material and associated terrestrial samples for which no reservoir effect is expected. Frequently, the selected aquatic material consists of bivalve shells that are typically well preserved in the archaeological record. For instance, large shell middens attest to the importance of mussel consumption at both coastal and inland sites. However, diffe…
A 14 000-year-old amber elk and the origins of northern European art
A Late Palaeolithic amber figurine has been skilfully recovered and reassembled from a ploughed open site in northern Germany. Dated between 11 800 and 11 680 cal BC it occupies a key point between the Magdalenian and the Mesolithic. The authors show that the figurine represents a female elk which was probably carried on the top of a wooden staff. They argue for continuity of art but change of belief in this crucial transition period
Macronutrient-based model for dietary carbon routing in bone collagen and bioapatite
Assessing Holocene vegetation and fire history by a multiproxy approach
The woodland history of the forest of Stodthagen (northern Germany) was investigated by using complementary palaeobotanical indicators. Six soil profiles from the study plot were sampled, the wood charcoal pieces extracted from the soil samples were quantified, taxonomically identified, and some were radiocarbon dated. Peat sequences from a small adjacent mire were also sampled and the pollen, microcharcoal, and macrocharcoal were analysed. The p…
Sampling Iron for Radiocarbon Dating
Before the 17th century, charcoal was regularly used in the production of iron (smelting and forging) and some of this charcoal carbon was incorporated into the iron. Depending on the age of the wood used to produce the charcoal, the age of the carbon incorporated in the iron lattice can reflect the age of manufacture of the iron artifacts. A reliable preparation method allowing for the routine dating of iron artifacts would permit the dating of …
Macronutrient-based model for dietary carbon routing in bone collagen and bioapatite
Quantitative diet reconstruction of a Neolithic population using a Bayesian mixing model (FRUITS)
Objectives The island cemetery site of Ostorf (Germany) consists of individual human graves containing Funnel Beaker ceramics dating to the Early or Middle Neolithic. However, previous isotope and radiocarbon analysis demonstrated that the Ostorf individuals had a diet rich in freshwater fish. The present study was undertaken to quantitatively reconstruct the diet of the Ostorf population and establish if dietary habits are consistent with the tr…
Mercury levels in Danish Medieval human bones
Lugovskoe
Artifacts were fi rst discovered at Lugovskoe in 1999 during the collection of faunal remains (Pavlov, Maschenko, 2001). The small collection included small debris, fl akes, a blade with a retouched proximal edge, and two large artifacts: a hammerstone made on a quartzite pebble, and a bidirectional core made on a gray fi ne-grained sandstone cobble. These artifacts suggested that the mammoth assemblage was associated with a Paleolithic site. To …
Towards the use of radiocarbon as a dietary proxy
Radiocarbon reservoir effects (RREs) are observed when the 14C concentration of aquatic reservoirs is lower than the contemporary atmosphere. Within these reservoirs, aquatic species will also have a 14C depleted signal, and humans feeding on these species will show a dietary RRE. Human dietary RREs are often viewed as a problem for the establishment of reliable chronologies. However, they also represent an opportunity to introduce radiocarbon as…
How Clean is Ultrafiltration Cleaning of Bone Collagen
As part of our bone dating development, we have tested the ultrafiltration of bone gelatin using 2 different filters—Vivaspin 20TM (VS20), a polyethersulfone, and Vivaspin 15RTM (VS15R), a cellulose, both with a 30,000 molecular weight cutoff—and bone collagen from dated samples ranging in age from 1.5 to >50 kyr BP. A direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement yielded radiocarbon concentrations of ∼0.5 pMC (∼42 kyr) for the polyether…
A preliminary study on the influence of cooking on the C and N isotopic composition of multiple organic fractions of fish (mackerel and haddock)
Carbonate 14 C Background
Measurements of the radiocarbon concentration of several carbonate background materials, either mineral (IAEA C1 Carrara marble and Icelandic double spar) or biogenic (foraminifera and molluscs), show that the apparent ages of diverse materials can be quite different. Using 0.07 pMC obtained from mineral samples as a processing blank, the results from foraminifera and mollusc background samples, varying from 0.12 to 0.58 pMC (54.0-41.4 ka), show …
Climate and pre‐Columbian settlement at Anse à la Gourde, Guadeloupe, Northeastern Caribbean
The authors present a reconstruction of precipitation, seasonality, and vegetation cover over the period from 200 cal yr B.C. to 1600 cal yr A.D. for the archaeological site of Anse à la Gourde, Guadeloupe, based on the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C‐dated aragonitic shells of the landsnail Bulimulus guadaloupensis. The results show that the Late Cedrosan Saladoid population ( ̃400–800 cal yr A.D…
Mussels with Meat
Local reservoir ages are often estimated from the difference between the radiocarbon ages of aquatic material and associated terrestrial samples for which no reservoir effect is expected. Frequently, the selected aquatic material consists of bivalve shells that are typically well preserved in the archaeological record. For instance, large shell middens attest to the importance of mussel consumption at both coastal and inland sites. However, diffe…
A 14 000-year-old amber elk and the origins of northern European art
A Late Palaeolithic amber figurine has been skilfully recovered and reassembled from a ploughed open site in northern Germany. Dated between 11 800 and 11 680 cal BC it occupies a key point between the Magdalenian and the Mesolithic. The authors show that the figurine represents a female elk which was probably carried on the top of a wooden staff. They argue for continuity of art but change of belief in this crucial transition period
Status report of the Trondheim Radiocarbon Laboratory
The Trondheim radiocarbon ( 14 C) laboratory has evolved from a traditional radiocarbon decay counting laboratory to an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facility primarily measuring 14 C. This evolution required adjustments in sample preparation and data handling to match the capacity of the AMS system and reduction in sample sizes to about 1 mgC. We summarize here the steps involved in dating a sample at the National Laboratory for Age Determ…
Fire and forest history of central European low mountain forest sites based on soil charcoal analysis
Long-term environmental changes in some areas of Central Europe are still poorly documented due to the lack of archives suitable for well-established paleoecological approaches. However, paleorecords of such areas would provide important insights into the Holocene vegetation history of Central Europe. To contribute to fill this gap, we conducted soil charcoal analyses to investigate fire and forest history for the eastern Harz Mountains (Germany)…
Assessment of Interlaboratory Pretreatment Protocols by Radiocarbon Dating an Elk Bone Found Below Laacher See Tephra at Miesenheim IV (Rhineland, Germany)
Four accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facilities undertook an interlaboratory exercise designed to examine the reliability and reproducibility of radiocarbon determinations on bone by dating a sample of elk ( Alces alces ) from Miesenheim IV. This specimen is derived from a secure geological context directly beneath the Laacher See tephra, which provides a precise terminus ante quern of ∼11,060 yr BP (∼13,050 cal yr BP). Regrettably, the resul…
The Gundestrup Cauldron
A multi-layered prehistoric settlement structure (tell?) at Niederröblingen, Germany and its implications
Assessing Holocene vegetation and fire history by a multiproxy approach
The woodland history of the forest of Stodthagen (northern Germany) was investigated by using complementary palaeobotanical indicators. Six soil profiles from the study plot were sampled, the wood charcoal pieces extracted from the soil samples were quantified, taxonomically identified, and some were radiocarbon dated. Peat sequences from a small adjacent mire were also sampled and the pollen, microcharcoal, and macrocharcoal were analysed. The p…
The 1953–1965 rise in Atmospheric bomb 14 C in Central Norway
Sub-annual measurements, eight increments per year, of cellulose in a Scots pine tree growing in central Norway are presented as a proxy for tropospheric 14 CO 2 at biweekly to monthly resolution. The results are validated by comparison to direct atmospheric measurements in the years 1959–1965, and a new dataset is obtained for 1953–1958. In this period, our cellulose measurements deviate from the Bomb 13 NH1 calibration curve, which is derived f…
Neolithic human impact on landscapes related to megalithic structures
Sampling Iron for Radiocarbon Dating
Before the 17th century, charcoal was regularly used in the production of iron (smelting and forging) and some of this charcoal carbon was incorporated into the iron. Depending on the age of the wood used to produce the charcoal, the age of the carbon incorporated in the iron lattice can reflect the age of manufacture of the iron artifacts. A reliable preparation method allowing for the routine dating of iron artifacts would permit the dating of …
The Radiocarbon Sample Archive of Trondheim
Atmospheric CO 2 samples have been collected by the Trondheim Radiocarbon Laboratory since the 1960s. The remaining material from the measurements has been precipitated as CaCO 3 and stored in glass containers. We investigated some of the stored samples to assess whether the material could still be used for remeasurements of atmospheric radiocarbon ( 14 C) content, or if it has been contaminated during the years of storage. We attempted different…
Este, Padova, Italy
Two floating tree-ring chronologies were developed from oak timbers recovered during salvage excavations of a pre-Roman wharf in Este, a prominent center of the Veneti people, who lived in northeastern Italy during the Iron Age. Wiggle-match radiocarbon dating shows that one chronology spans the 10th and 9th centuries cal BC, and that the waterfront was probably built ∼800 cal BC. The second chronology apparently spans most of the 7th century cal…
Radiocarbon Calibration around AD 1900 from Scots Pine ( Pinus Sylvestris ) tree rings from Northern Norway
To resolve an inconsistency around AD 1895 between radiocarbon ( 14 C) measurements on oak from the British Isles and Douglas fir and Sitka spruce from the Pacific Northwest, USA, we measured the 14 C content in single-year tree rings from a Scots pine tree ( Pinus sylvestris L.), which grew in a remote location in Saltdal, northern Norway. The dataset covers the period AD 1864–1937 and its results are in agreement with measurements from the US P…
Origin of Subsoil Carbon in a Chinese Paddy Soil Chronosequence
Rice paddies are highly important agricultural soils in view of their relevance as major staple food provider in the world and their key role in the global carbon cycle, caused by special management practices. A soil chronosequence, consisting of paddy and upland soils, developed on reclaimed estuarine sediments in the Province of Zhejiang, China, was sampled to investigate the influence of duration of agricultural use (50 to 2000 yr) on soil com…
Dating Bulk Sediments from Limnic Deposits Using a Grain-Size Approach
Radiocarbon measurements on bulk subaqueous sediments typically provide ages significantly older than actual time of deposition. This is generally caused by the presence of reworked organic compounds, which are depleted in 14 C. To explore this issue of age heterogeneity, we collected 4 organic-rich samples from varying depths in a lake sediment core at the Gemündener Maar (Eifel, Germany), a lake of volcanic origin. We divided each sample into 5…
The Taylor Dome Antarctic 18 O Record and Globally Synchronous Changes in Climate
The 18 O/ 16 O profile of a 554-m long ice core through Taylor Dome, Antarctica, shows the climate variability of the last glacial–interglacial cycle in detail and extends at least another full cycle. Taylor Dome shares the main features of the Vostok record, including the early climatic optimum with later cool phase of the last interglacial period in Antarctica. Taylor Dome δ 18 O fluctuations are more abrupt and larger than those at Vostok and …
Carbonate 14 C Background
Measurements of the radiocarbon concentration of several carbonate background materials, either mineral (IAEA C1 Carrara marble and Icelandic double spar) or biogenic (foraminifera and molluscs), show that the apparent ages of diverse materials can be quite different. Using 0.07 pMC obtained from mineral samples as a processing blank, the results from foraminifera and mollusc background samples, varying from 0.12 to 0.58 pMC (54.0-41.4 ka), show …
Two Tephra Layers Bracketing Late Holocene Paleoecological Changes in Northern Germany
Paleoecological records from two Holocene peat bogs in northern Germany are linked by two microscopic volcanic ash layers, correlated by petrology and geochemistry to explosive volcanism on Iceland. The younger “Microlite tephra” cannot be correlated to any known eruption, while the older tephra layer is identified as a deposit of the Hekla 3 eruption. The tephra layers are dated by an age–depth regression of accelerator mass spectrometry 14 C ag…
Radiocarbon calibration curve spanning 0 to 50,000 years BP based on paired 230Th/234U/238U and 14C dates on pristine corals
The Gundestrup Cauldron
Climate and pre‐Columbian settlement at Anse à la Gourde, Guadeloupe, Northeastern Caribbean
The authors present a reconstruction of precipitation, seasonality, and vegetation cover over the period from 200 cal yr B.C. to 1600 cal yr A.D. for the archaeological site of Anse à la Gourde, Guadeloupe, based on the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14 C‐dated aragonitic shells of the landsnail Bulimulus guadaloupensis. The results show that the Late Cedrosan Saladoid population ( ̃400–800 cal yr A.D…
Lugovskoe
Artifacts were fi rst discovered at Lugovskoe in 1999 during the collection of faunal remains (Pavlov, Maschenko, 2001). The small collection included small debris, fl akes, a blade with a retouched proximal edge, and two large artifacts: a hammerstone made on a quartzite pebble, and a bidirectional core made on a gray fi ne-grained sandstone cobble. These artifacts suggested that the mammoth assemblage was associated with a Paleolithic site. To …
Organizing Committees
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How Clean is Ultrafiltration Cleaning of Bone Collagen
As part of our bone dating development, we have tested the ultrafiltration of bone gelatin using 2 different filters—Vivaspin 20TM (VS20), a polyethersulfone, and Vivaspin 15RTM (VS15R), a cellulose, both with a 30,000 molecular weight cutoff—and bone collagen from dated samples ranging in age from 1.5 to >50 kyr BP. A direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement yielded radiocarbon concentrations of ∼0.5 pMC (∼42 kyr) for the polyether…
Mercury levels in Danish Medieval human bones
A multi-layered prehistoric settlement structure (tell?) at Niederröblingen, Germany and its implications
Assessing Holocene vegetation and fire history by a multiproxy approach
The woodland history of the forest of Stodthagen (northern Germany) was investigated by using complementary palaeobotanical indicators. Six soil profiles from the study plot were sampled, the wood charcoal pieces extracted from the soil samples were quantified, taxonomically identified, and some were radiocarbon dated. Peat sequences from a small adjacent mire were also sampled and the pollen, microcharcoal, and macrocharcoal were analysed. The p…
Sampling Iron for Radiocarbon Dating
Before the 17th century, charcoal was regularly used in the production of iron (smelting and forging) and some of this charcoal carbon was incorporated into the iron. Depending on the age of the wood used to produce the charcoal, the age of the carbon incorporated in the iron lattice can reflect the age of manufacture of the iron artifacts. A reliable preparation method allowing for the routine dating of iron artifacts would permit the dating of …
Neolithic human impact on landscapes related to megalithic structures
Mussels with Meat
Local reservoir ages are often estimated from the difference between the radiocarbon ages of aquatic material and associated terrestrial samples for which no reservoir effect is expected. Frequently, the selected aquatic material consists of bivalve shells that are typically well preserved in the archaeological record. For instance, large shell middens attest to the importance of mussel consumption at both coastal and inland sites. However, diffe…
A 14 000-year-old amber elk and the origins of northern European art
A Late Palaeolithic amber figurine has been skilfully recovered and reassembled from a ploughed open site in northern Germany. Dated between 11 800 and 11 680 cal BC it occupies a key point between the Magdalenian and the Mesolithic. The authors show that the figurine represents a female elk which was probably carried on the top of a wooden staff. They argue for continuity of art but change of belief in this crucial transition period
Macronutrient-based model for dietary carbon routing in bone collagen and bioapatite
Natural and human induced environmental changes preserved in a Holocene sediment sequence from the Etoliko Lagoon, Greece
Fire and forest history of central European low mountain forest sites based on soil charcoal analysis
Long-term environmental changes in some areas of Central Europe are still poorly documented due to the lack of archives suitable for well-established paleoecological approaches. However, paleorecords of such areas would provide important insights into the Holocene vegetation history of Central Europe. To contribute to fill this gap, we conducted soil charcoal analyses to investigate fire and forest history for the eastern Harz Mountains (Germany)…
Assessment of Interlaboratory Pretreatment Protocols by Radiocarbon Dating an Elk Bone Found Below Laacher See Tephra at Miesenheim IV (Rhineland, Germany)
Four accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facilities undertook an interlaboratory exercise designed to examine the reliability and reproducibility of radiocarbon determinations on bone by dating a sample of elk ( Alces alces ) from Miesenheim IV. This specimen is derived from a secure geological context directly beneath the Laacher See tephra, which provides a precise terminus ante quern of ∼11,060 yr BP (∼13,050 cal yr BP). Regrettably, the resul…
Origin of Subsoil Carbon in a Chinese Paddy Soil Chronosequence
Rice paddies are highly important agricultural soils in view of their relevance as major staple food provider in the world and their key role in the global carbon cycle, caused by special management practices. A soil chronosequence, consisting of paddy and upland soils, developed on reclaimed estuarine sediments in the Province of Zhejiang, China, was sampled to investigate the influence of duration of agricultural use (50 to 2000 yr) on soil com…
Dating Bulk Sediments from Limnic Deposits Using a Grain-Size Approach
Radiocarbon measurements on bulk subaqueous sediments typically provide ages significantly older than actual time of deposition. This is generally caused by the presence of reworked organic compounds, which are depleted in 14 C. To explore this issue of age heterogeneity, we collected 4 organic-rich samples from varying depths in a lake sediment core at the Gemündener Maar (Eifel, Germany), a lake of volcanic origin. We divided each sample into 5…
Food Reconstruction Using Isotopic Transferred Signals (FRUITS)
Human and animal diet reconstruction studies that rely on tissue chemical signatures aim at providing estimates on the relative intake of potential food groups. However, several sources of uncertainty need to be considered when handling data. Bayesian mixing models provide a natural platform to handle diverse sources of uncertainty while allowing the user to contribute with prior expert information. The Bayesian mixing model FRUITS (Food Reconstr…
Towards the use of radiocarbon as a dietary proxy
Radiocarbon reservoir effects (RREs) are observed when the 14C concentration of aquatic reservoirs is lower than the contemporary atmosphere. Within these reservoirs, aquatic species will also have a 14C depleted signal, and humans feeding on these species will show a dietary RRE. Human dietary RREs are often viewed as a problem for the establishment of reliable chronologies. However, they also represent an opportunity to introduce radiocarbon as…
A preliminary study on the influence of cooking on the C and N isotopic composition of multiple organic fractions of fish (mackerel and haddock)
Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (26 works) · Radiocarbon dating (23 works) · Archaeology (22 works) · Geography (21 works) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (21 works) · Geology (20 works) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (14 works) · Paleontology (12 works) · Biology (11 works) · Chemistry (11 works)