M Bilewicz
Biographic Data
| ID | 5139 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M Bilewicz |
| GIVEN NAMES | M |
| FAMILY NAME | Bilewicz |
| SIGNATURE | BILEWICZ M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Warsaw |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5027-1691 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 97 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 812 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 97 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 16 |
Sense of Lack of Control, Cognitive Control, and the Expression of Prejudice
In contemporary societies, social norms constrain overt prejudice, requiring effortful cognitive processes to monitor and regulate behavior. We propose that diminished personal control is associated with withdrawal of cognitive effort, lower norm-sensitive detection, and greater prejudice expression. Two large-scale nationwide studies (Study 1, N = 1,019; Study 2, N = 1,055) tested this hypothesis. Across both studies, perceived lack of control p…
Two Forms of Racism in Poland as an Explanation of Ideologically Driven Anti‐Refugee Hostility
Research on attitudes toward refugees in Poland shows a large gap between the acceptance of refugees from Ukraine and refugees from other regions of the world. Since 2020 there have been numerous cases of mistreatment of asylum‐seekers aiming to cross the Polish‐Belorussian border. Widespread social support for violent treatment of asylum‐seekers from the Middle East and Sub‐Saharan Africa, compared to Ukrainian refugees, has raised important que…
Scarcity of Suffering
Even decades after historical traumas, their scarcity shapes victimhood perceptions and beliefs about outgroups. In one correlational ( N = 369) and one experimental ( N = 510) study, we examined how exclusive versus inclusive victim beliefs predict outgroup, World War II-related, and generic conspiracy beliefs. We also tested the mediating role of three victimogenic cognitive biases: hostile intentions attribution, negative interpretation, and m…
The psychological role of “Auschwitz jokes”
Previous research has shown that exposure to traumatic history, such as visits to Holocaust memorials or death camps, can have detrimental effects on people’s psychological well-being. There is relatively little research showing how these negative consequences could be mitigated. Based on previous studies in which humor is an effective way to cope with stress and difficult situations, we tested how humor in memes can help cope with exposure to tr…
Reclaimed Homophobic Hate Speech Backfires
Reclaimed hate speech is generally seen as a positive phenomenon by minority groups and, to some degree, by majority groups. However, previous research has not examined whether it might produce harmful effects similar to traditional hate speech. In three experimental studies ( n = 489; n = 242; n = 181), we found that reclaimed homophobic hate speech does bear negative consequences. Specifically, exposure to reclaimed homophobic hate speech leads…
When the Nation is Too Important to You. Collective Narcissism Mediates the Relationship Between National Identity Centrality and Negative Intergroup Outcomes
Research on collective narcissism has overlooked the complex nature of identification, treating national collective narcissism as an alternative rather than a consequence of national identification. In four studies (n = 974, n = 1016, n = 111, and n = 210), we thoroughly examined the relations of three dimensions of national identification, national collective narcissism and negative intergroup phenomena. We proposed that national collective narc…
Which Cultural Dimensions Predict Variations in Emotional Conformity? An Extension of Vishkin et al. (2023) Across 28 Nations
Despite being a classic social psychology topic, cultural variability in conformity has only been examined systematically in the last few decades. Vishkin et al. reported evidence that conformity of experienced emotions and of valued emotions is stronger in individualistic cultures. We tested the replicability of this finding using data from 28 nations ( N = 6,168), incorporating two further relevant cultural predictors of cultural differences: f…
The naturalization of runaway rights
This paper explores how political demands transform into collective rights through a psychological lens, emphasizing the process of naturalization. Building on Moghaddam et al.'s framework, the authors introduce the idea that collective demands, when reframed as rights, are perceived as inherent, timeless, and essential to group identity. The paper discusses psychological mechanisms like essentialism, autochthony beliefs, and collective continuit…
Mediated contact improves attitudes during an ongoing armed conflict
Public Communication about Science in 68 Countries
This 68-country survey ( n = 71,922) examines science information diets and communication behavior, identifies cross-country differences, and tests how such differences are associated with sociopolitical and economic conditions. We find that social media are the most used sources of science information in most countries, except those with democratic-corporatist media systems where news media tend to be used more widely. People in collectivist soc…
Development and Validation of the Motivation for Language Reclamation Scale Among Polish-Speaking Gay Individuals
In response to hate speech, members of minorities use reclaimed derogatory language. Until now, psychological research has treated reclamation as a uniform concept in terms of the motivations of minorities, despite theoretical perspectives suggesting otherwise. In this paper, based on previous research, we described three motivations for using reclaimed language: to regain control, for humorous purposes, and to consolidate relationships in the co…
On the nonlinear link between stigma and collective action
The stigma faced by gender and sexual minorities varies across countries. How does stigma relate to collective action for social change? We propose a curvilinear link (i.e., an inverted U-curve) between stigma and collective action such that increased stigma is associated with increased collective action up to a point, beyond which, increased stigma is associated with reduced collective action. Using Bayesian inference with a sample of over 3,000…
Far-right movements in the Western world
Considering the rise of far-right groups in Western countries, we examined whether exposure to media coverage on the far-right is associated with attitudes toward it, using surveys in 15 Western democratic countries (total N = 2,576). We hypothesized that greater media exposure to the far-right will be associated with greater perceived prevalence and acceptability of it, which will in turn be associated with divergent attitudes. On the one hand, …
The bright side of authoritarian submission. Distinct cross‐lagged effects of right‐wing authoritarianism facets on intergroup helping intentions and susceptibility to anti‐helping misinformation duri…
The key aim of the present research was to analyze the causal effects of authoritarian submission on intergroup helping intentions and susceptibility to anti‐helping misinformation in a context where authorities are mobilizing national support for the outgroup. Employing a longitudinal design, we surveyed a sample of Polish residents (N in t3 = 710) to examine distinct effects of RWA facets (authoritarian aggression, conventionalism, and authorit…
A dual‐process perspective on classism. Right‐wing authoritarianism buffers the relationship between social dominance orientation and classism in Poland
Rising global and local inequalities make prejudice based on social class an increasingly pressing issue, yet it remains underexplored in psychological literature. Across three studies run in Poland, we apply the Dual‐Process Model of Ideology and Prejudice and find that Social Dominance Orientation (SDO)—a preference for social hierarchy—predicts classism positively, but Right‐Wing Authoritarianism (RWA)—a preference for social order—serves as a…
Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries
Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists. We interrogated these concerns with a preregistered 68-country survey of 71,922 respondents and found that in most countries, most p…
"A Red Alert Appears". Ambivalence of the Reclaimed Hate Speech in a Hate-Saturated Environment
Hate speech has been examined regarding both its consequences for minorities and the majority. However, studies are missing in the area of reclaimed hate speech, namely statements that are widely considered offensive but have begun to be used in a non-offensive way by minorities. The purpose of this study was to look specifically at perceptions of reclaimed hate speech, as well as the purposes and consequences of its use by representatives of the…
Reclaiming Derogatory Language
Minorities reclaim derogatory labels to change their meaning. However, previous research on reclamation has focused on the perception of self-labeling with derogatory labels in an ecologically invalid context, using self-reports that may be influenced by norms. We examined how recordings containing derogatory terms against gay people are perceived, using both a self-report and an unobtrusive heartbeat measure. In the experiment ( n = 103), we sho…
Prolonged unemployment is associated with control loss and personal as well as social disengagement
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: The need for control is a fundamental human motivation, that when deprived can lead to broad and substantial changes in human behavior. We aimed to assess the consequences of control deprivation in a real-life situation that poses a severe threat to personal control: a prolonged unemployment. METHOD: Using a sample N = 1055 of unemployed (n = 748) versus working (n = 307) individuals, we examined predictions derived from…
Hate Speech on the Map of Stereotype Content
Although hate speech is one of the crucial challenges of contemporary societies, it is still not obvious which groups will most often become its target. In this article, we apply the stereotype content model to answer this question. In a large cross-national survey ( N = 3,135) in Germany, Poland, and the United Kingdom, we found that while the use of hate speech was associated with perceptions of warmth and competence, the effects were credibly …
Desensitization to hate speech
Exposure to hate speech (HS) leads to desensitization of listeners. Yet, most evidence of this process has been obtained using self‐report measures. In this paper, we examined desensitization to HS using an unobtrusive, psychophysiological measure. In an experimental electrocardiogram study ( N = 56), we observed heart rate (HR) deceleration after reading comments that contained HS. This suggested a substantive psychophysiological reaction of par…
The promise and limits of moral exemplars for intergroup conflict resolution and reconciliation
Stories about moral exemplars can provide crucial information about the moral heterogeneity of social groups involved in the conflict. This article addresses the role of moral exemplars narratives in changing perceptions of violent historic intergroup conflicts. We propose that two central outcomes of such interventions make them potentially an effective approach for improving intergroup relations in situations of violent intergroup conflict: (1)…
Moral exemplars and moral disillusionment. How the perception of Poles' behavior during the Holocaust shapes current Polish‐Israeli conflicted relations
The moral exemplars model of reconciliation (Cehajic‐Clancy & Bilewicz, 2021) proposes that through focusing on the moral behavior during the genocide, the descendants of perpetrators, bystanders, and victims could become more willing to reconcile and engage in intergroup contact. In the present article we aim to test the boundary effects of such approach by analyzing the usage of moral exemplars argument in the Polish‐Israeli conflict over the h…
The effects of moral exemplars awareness on common ingroup identification and reconciliation in post‐genocide Rwanda
Moral exemplars (Imena) play an important part in commemorative practices and reconciliation in post‐genocide Rwanda. Acknowledging the essential role of moral exemplars in reconciliation and intergroup contact in post‐conflict setting, we aimed at examining the effects of exposure to moral‐exemplars on people's attitudes toward reconciliation and identification with superordinate national category in Rwanda. A study of 168 young Rwandans showed …
Moral Expansiveness Around the World
What are the things that we think matter morally, and how do societal factors influence this? To date, research has explored several individual-level and historical factors that influence the size of our ‘moral circles.' There has, however, been less attention focused on which societal factors play a role. We present the first multi-national exploration of moral expansiveness—that is, the size of people’s moral circles across countries. We found …
Hate Speech Epidemic. The Dynamic Effects of Derogatory Language on Intergroup Relations and Political Radicalization
Exposure to derogatory language about immigrants and minority groups leads to political radicalization and deteriorates intergroup relations. This article addresses the psychological processes responsible for these effects as well as those involved in hate‐speech proliferation in contemporary societies and discusses the factors that constrain its growth. We propose that frequent exposure to hate speech has severe effects on emotional, behavioral,…
Harmful Ideas, The Structure and Consequences of Anti‐Semitic Beliefs inPoland
The harmfulness of anti‐Semitic beliefs is widely discussed in current political and legal debates (e.g.,Cutler v. Dorn). At the same time, empirical studies of the psychological consequences of such beliefs are scarce. The present research is an attempt to explore the structure of contemporary anti‐Semitic beliefs inPoland—and to evaluate their predictive role in discriminatory intentions and behavior targetingJews. Another aim was to determine …
The humanity of what we eat
Studies on dehumanization demonstrated that denying certain human characteristics might serve as a strategy for moral disengagement. Meat consumption—especially in the times of cruel animal farming—is related to the exclusion of animals from the human scope of justice. In the present research, it was hypothesized that the conception of human uniqueness (denying animals certain psychological characteristics) might be a strategy of meat‐eaters' mor…
Conspiracy Theories and Institutional Trust
A generalized climate of distrust in political institutions is not functional to healthy democracies. With the advent of social media, recent scholarly efforts attempt to better understand people's conspiracy theory beliefs in inhibiting institutional trust. This study contributes to this literature by considering the direct antecedent effects of uncertainty avoidance and the moderating role ofactivesocial media use—SMU (i.e., interactional SMU, …
Conspiracy mentality and political orientation across 26 countries
What breeds conspiracy antisemitism? The role of political uncontrollability and uncertainty in the belief in Jewish conspiracy
Belief in conspiracy theories about Jews is a prototypical example of how a naïve theory can serve as a universal explanation of "all the bad things happening in society." Such a theory often arises in times of political unrest that tend to breed feelings of uncertainty in politics and a lack of control over politics. As both uncertainty (a sense-making deficit) and lack of control (an agency deficit) can relate to conspiracy-based antisemitism, …
Exposure to hate speech increases prejudice through desensitization
In three studies (two representative nationwide surveys, N = 1,007, N = 682; and one experimental, N = 76) we explored the effects of exposure to hate speech on outgroup prejudice. Following the General Aggression Model, we suggest that frequent and repetitive exposure to hate speech leads to desensitization to this form of verbal violence and subsequently to lower evaluations of the victims and greater distancing, thus increasing outgroup prejud…
When Authoritarians Confront Prejudice. Differential Effects of SDO and RWA on Support for Hate‐Speech Prohibition
Two nationwide representative studies (N = 653 adolescents; N = 1007 adults) investigated the psychological correlates of the intention to penalize public expressions of prejudice in the form of support for hate‐speech prohibition. We presented participants with preselected examples of hate speech from the Internet and other mass media and assessed their willingness to support the prohibition of public expressions of such remarks. Both studies fo…
Investigating the Links Between Cultural Values and Belief in Conspiracy Theories
Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g., religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research, we tested, based on a situated cultural cognition perspective, the extent to which culture predict…
How do we get people into contact? Predictors of intergroup contact and drivers of contact seeking
Compared to the impressive amount of research on consequences of intergroup contact, relatively little work has been devoted to predictors of intergroup contact. Although opportunities for intergroup contact are constantly growing in modern diverse societies, these contact opportunities are not necessarily exploited. In the present review article, we describe current research on predictors of intergroup contact and drivers of contact seeking on a…
Reconciliation through the Righteous
Postwar Polish−Jewish relations are heavily affected by divergent narratives about the Holocaust. Debates about the role of Poles as passive bystanders or perpetrators during the Holocaust have deeply influenced mutual perceptions of Poles and Jews. Previous research has shown that historical issues raised during Polish−Jewish encounters inhibit positive consequences of intergroup contact, mostly due to frustrated emotional needs related to past …
On the Relation Between Religiosity and the Endorsement of Conspiracy Theories
Religious and conspiracy beliefs share the feature of assuming powerful forces that determine the fate of the world. Correspondingly, they have been theorized to address similar psychological needs and to be based on similar cognitions, but there exist little authoritative answers about their relationship. We delineate two theory‐driven possibilities. If conspiracy theories and religions serve as surrogates for each other by fulfilling similar ne…
On the Grammar of Politics—or Why Conservatives Prefer Nouns
Previous research indicates that political conservatism is associated with epistemic needs for structure and certainty (Jost et al., 2003) and that nouns elicit clearer and more definite perceptions of reality than other parts of speech (Carnaghi et al., 2008). We therefore hypothesized that conservatives would exhibit preferences for nouns (vs. verbs and adjectives), insofar as nouns are better suited to satisfy epistemic needs. In Study 1, we o…
Collective regret versus collective guilt
A distinction between guilt and regret in reactions to in‐group atrocities is proposed. Four studies (total N = 1249) support the notion that guilt and regret are distinct emotional reactions. Whereas guilt is a self‐focused, aversive emotional reaction following from appraisals of responsibility and associated with the intention to make amends, regret follows from an empathic victim perspective, is less aversive, and is more strongly associated …
Explaining the Inexplicable
Seventy years have passed since the Holocaust, but this cataclysmic event continues to reverberate in the present. In this research, we examine attributions about the causes of the Holocaust and the influence of such attributions on intergroup relations. Three representative surveys were conducted among Germans, Poles, and Israeli Jews to examine inter‐ and intragroup variations in attributions for the Holocaust and how these attributions influen…
Does identification predict community involvement? Exploring consequences of social identification among the Jewish minority in Poland
Previous research indicated that people who strongly identify with their own group are more involved in the group's actions. The current study examines the relation between three dimensions of group identification (affect, ties, centrality) and forms of community involvement among members of the Jewish minority in Poland. The strength of ingroup ties predicted involvement in the ethnic minority community. The link between identification and invol…
Fostering reconciliation through historical moral exemplars in a postconflict society
History as an Obstacle
Two studies examined the role of temporal-based social categorizations for attitude change during intergroup contact between Polish and Jewish students. In Study 1 ( N = 190 Polish students), a cross-sectional analysis showed that contact focused on contemporary issues had positive effects on both outgroup attitudes and perceived similarity to the outgroup. No such effects were observed when groups talked about past issues. Study 2 ( N = 97 Jewis…
A large-scale test of the link between intergroup contact and support for social change
Too humanlike to increase my appetite
What inverted U can do for your country
We examined the link between political engagement and the tendency to justify the sociopolitical system. On one hand, confidence in the system should be negatively related to political engagement, insofar as it entails reduced desire for social change; on the other hand, system confidence should also be positively related to political engagement to the extent that it carries an assumption that the system is responsive to citizens' political effor…
When the past haunts the present
From socially motivated lay historians to lay censors
This article examines why people cooperate with the silencing and censorship efforts of authorities that deprive them of historical knowledge. We analyze two motivational factors that account for people’s adherence to the “official” historical narrative and their willingness to serve as lay censors silencing and suppressing alternative historical narratives of the group. The first factor is epistemic conformity which is the motivation to believe …
Intergroup Contact as the Missing Link Between LGB Rights and Sexual Prejudice
Although research has revealed that more progressive LGB (lesbian, gay, and bisexual) rights are positively associated with more favorable attitudes toward sexual minorities, little is known about why LGB rights co-occur with positive attitudes. The present contribution fills this gap by testing whether the prevalence of intergroup contact with LGB individuals explains the relationship between more progressive LGB rights and sexual prejudice. Uti…
When “a Group in Itself” becomes “a Group for Itself”
Specific social categories differently affect the motivation to resist the disadvantage among the members of low‐status groups. While subgroup identity instigates collective action, common identity inhibits support for societal change. We propose that individuals who construe their disadvantage in terms of group relative deprivation (GRD) rather than individual relative deprivation are less prone to the demobilizing force of common identity salie…
History as an Obstacle
Two studies examined the role of temporal-based social categorizations for attitude change during intergroup contact between Polish and Jewish students. In Study 1 ( N = 190 Polish students), a cross-sectional analysis showed that contact focused on contemporary issues had positive effects on both outgroup attitudes and perceived similarity to the outgroup. No such effects were observed when groups talked about past issues. Study 2 ( N = 97 Jewis…
Does identification predict community involvement? Exploring consequences of social identification among the Jewish minority in Poland
Previous research indicated that people who strongly identify with their own group are more involved in the group's actions. The current study examines the relation between three dimensions of group identification (affect, ties, centrality) and forms of community involvement among members of the Jewish minority in Poland. The strength of ingroup ties predicted involvement in the ethnic minority community. The link between identification and invol…
Living on the ashes
The humanity of what we eat
Studies on dehumanization demonstrated that denying certain human characteristics might serve as a strategy for moral disengagement. Meat consumption—especially in the times of cruel animal farming—is related to the exclusion of animals from the human scope of justice. In the present research, it was hypothesized that the conception of human uniqueness (denying animals certain psychological characteristics) might be a strategy of meat‐eaters' mor…
Who defines humanity? Psychological and cultural obstacles to omniculturalism
In this article we discuss the social-psychological limitations of using omniculturalism as a tool to improve intercultural relations between majority and minority groups. The omnicultural imperative suggests that intercultural interactions be framed in terms of human commonalities. This strategy might face severe psychological and cultural obstacles. Due to automatic mechanisms of ingroup projection, such framing might have adverse effects: Peop…
An evaluation of the impact of the European Association of Social Psychology
Sandra Schruijer’s wrote a commendable and fascinating attempt to evaluate the impact of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology: ‘Whatever happened to the ‘‘European’’ in European social psychology? A study of the ambitions in founding the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology’. We submit that, notwithstanding the merits of her article, she has of necessity used a limited research design, but has aggravated th…
Collective regret versus collective guilt
A distinction between guilt and regret in reactions to in‐group atrocities is proposed. Four studies (total N = 1249) support the notion that guilt and regret are distinct emotional reactions. Whereas guilt is a self‐focused, aversive emotional reaction following from appraisals of responsibility and associated with the intention to make amends, regret follows from an empathic victim perspective, is less aversive, and is more strongly associated …
The Paradox of In‐Group Love
OBJECTIVE: The present studies test the hypothesis that the overlap between collective narcissism and positive in-group identification conceals the opposite relationships these variables have with out-group derogation. METHOD: Five surveys were conducted in different cultural and national contexts, using different samples and different intergroup contexts (Study 1, Polish student sample, N = 85; Study 2, British student sample, N = 81; Study 3, P…
Extending Contact Across Generations
There is a growing body of evidence that intergroup relations are affected not only by direct contact with outgroup members, but also by extended contact: the mere knowledge that an ingroup member has a positive relationship with an outgroup. The present article focuses on the transgenerationally transmitted effects of contact, namely the impact of knowledge about ancestors’ contact with outgroup members on descendants’ attitudes toward the outgr…
When the past haunts the present
Reconciliation through the Righteous
Postwar Polish−Jewish relations are heavily affected by divergent narratives about the Holocaust. Debates about the role of Poles as passive bystanders or perpetrators during the Holocaust have deeply influenced mutual perceptions of Poles and Jews. Previous research has shown that historical issues raised during Polish−Jewish encounters inhibit positive consequences of intergroup contact, mostly due to frustrated emotional needs related to past …
After the Genocide
Interest in the aftermath of genocide and mass violence has increased in the last few years, and some researchers in various subdisciplines of psychology have begun to address this urgent social issue. Genocide and mass violence continue to influence intergroup relations, conflicts, and policy attitudes. Nevertheless, these topics are still understudied. We introduce this issue by providing a brief overview of the scarce psychological research on…
Harmful Ideas, The Structure and Consequences of Anti‐Semitic Beliefs inPoland
The harmfulness of anti‐Semitic beliefs is widely discussed in current political and legal debates (e.g.,Cutler v. Dorn). At the same time, empirical studies of the psychological consequences of such beliefs are scarce. The present research is an attempt to explore the structure of contemporary anti‐Semitic beliefs inPoland—and to evaluate their predictive role in discriminatory intentions and behavior targetingJews. Another aim was to determine …
Nouns Cut Slices
Three studies examined the effect of nouns and adjectives for designations of nationality on intergroup bias. In Study 1, participants ( N = 237) evaluated group artifacts whose authors' nationality was labeled with nouns or adjectives. Use of nouns enhanced in-group favoritism, manifested as a preference of the in-group artifact. Study 2 ( N = 431) tested the effect of nouns and adjectives on attitudes toward the in-group and out-group focusing …
Backlash Over Gender-Fair Language
Feminine forms of job titles raise great interest in many countries. However, it is still unknown how they shape stereotypical impressions on warmth and competence dimensions among female and male listeners. In an experiment with fictitious job titles men perceived women described with feminine job titles as significantly less warm and marginally less competent than women with masculine job titles, which led to lower willingness to employ them. N…
Victims under Siege
Co-benefits of addressing climate change can motivate action around the world
Complementary stereotyping of ethnic minorities predicts system justification in Poland
We investigate the phenomenon of complementary stereotyping of ethnic minorities in Poland and its relationship to system justification. Using results from a nationally representative survey we test the hypothesis that complementary stereotypes—according to which ethnic minorities are seen as possessing distinctive, offsetting strengths and weaknesses—would be associated with system justification among Polish majority citizens. For four minoritie…
When “a Group in Itself” becomes “a Group for Itself”
Specific social categories differently affect the motivation to resist the disadvantage among the members of low‐status groups. While subgroup identity instigates collective action, common identity inhibits support for societal change. We propose that individuals who construe their disadvantage in terms of group relative deprivation (GRD) rather than individual relative deprivation are less prone to the demobilizing force of common identity salie…
(Nie)pamięć zbiorowa Polaków jako skuteczna regulacja emocji
Artykuł jest próbą zastosowania kategorii zaczerpniętych z psychologii emocji do zrozumienia zjawiska (nie)pamięci zbiorowej w Polsce, a dokładniej defensywnych reakcji na nową wiedzę historyczną dotyczącą negatywnych zachowań członków własnego narodu. W pracy przedstawiono model unikania awersyjnych emocji moralnych (winy, wstydu), oparty na teorii regulacji emocji Jamesa Grossa oraz wykorzystano przykład polskiej debaty o zbrodni w Jedwabnem ja…
Facing the edible. The effects of edibility information on the neural encoding of animal faces
Contact with a multicultural past
On the Grammar of Politics—or Why Conservatives Prefer Nouns
Previous research indicates that political conservatism is associated with epistemic needs for structure and certainty (Jost et al., 2003) and that nouns elicit clearer and more definite perceptions of reality than other parts of speech (Carnaghi et al., 2008). We therefore hypothesized that conservatives would exhibit preferences for nouns (vs. verbs and adjectives), insofar as nouns are better suited to satisfy epistemic needs. In Study 1, we o…
The lay historian explains intergroup behavior
Both historians and lay people attempt to explain national histories. However, psychological research, to date, focused predominantly on the patterns of those explanations with regard to negative historical behaviors. In this article, we assess ethnocentrism of people’s explanations of both negative and positive historical behavior of ingroup members (own nation) and outgroup members (other nation). Two studies analyze how Poles explain crimes an…
From socially motivated lay historians to lay censors
This article examines why people cooperate with the silencing and censorship efforts of authorities that deprive them of historical knowledge. We analyze two motivational factors that account for people’s adherence to the “official” historical narrative and their willingness to serve as lay censors silencing and suppressing alternative historical narratives of the group. The first factor is epistemic conformity which is the motivation to believe …
Psychology (81 works) · Social Psychology (75 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (57 works) · Political science (49 works) · Social Psychology (44 works) · Sociology (39 works) · Law (36 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (25 works) · Politics (24 works) · Law (21 works)