J E Buikstra
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 54182 |
|---|---|
| NOME | J E Buikstra |
| PRENOMES | J E |
| SOBRENOME | Buikstra |
| ASSINATURA | BUIKSTRA J E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Arizona State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0206-0165 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 129 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 1506 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 129 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1970 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 23 |
“From the Boy Comes the Man”
The numerous adult inhumations at the Archaic period (c. seventh to fifth centuries B.C.) burial ground of Phaleron exhibit a wide range of burial treatments. These likely reflect not only the identities of the deceased but also the intentions and social perceptions of the mourners. While most burials follow normative patterns, a minority are interred in nonnormative, distinctive ways. These include individuals buried prone or with restraints, su…
Investigating the residential history of the Esplanada mass graves at Phaleron, Greece
Climate Change and El Niño Events in the Ancient Andes
Communities of Care at the Phaleron Burial Ground
This article extends a bioarchaeology of care model to care for infants and young children interred at the Phaleron Burial Ground in Attica, Greece (ca. 700–480 B.C.) and investigates the impact of child care and health care on social relationships within the household. Four case studies are presented that explore how caregiving of children living with scurvy and other comorbidities at varying stages in the life course would have affected househo…
Osteobiographical Study of Tomás Carrasquilla
In this article, we evaluate the skeleton of the Colombian author Tomás Carrasquilla for signs of pathologies and physical traumas to better understand his health conditions and his experience of pain throughout the course of his life. We apply life history and biographic techniques to historical bioarcheological research, analyzing various archival sources as well as the skeleton of Carrasquilla, who was a pluripathological patient who simultane…
The Archaic Period Diet
The recently excavated Phaleron Burial Ground in Attica, Greece, documents the lived experiences of Archaic period individuals (700–480 B.C.). In this study, we employ stable isotope analysis to infer temporal changes in dietary patterns for ancient Greece and to explore the dietary habits and social organization of adult individuals from the Phaleron Burial Ground (n = 60). Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of bone collagen and stable carbon i…
Comparing In Situ and Laboratory Osteological Observations
Among the more than 2,000 interments from the Phaleron Burial Ground, 79 individuals buried in the Esplanada mass graves are said to have died violently, perhaps bludgeoned to death. The Esplanada remains were observed in the field by Ingvarsson and Bäckström (2019); ten of these 79 were later excavated and studied by Buikstra and colleagues in a laboratory setting. The field and laboratory analyses for these ten individuals are compared here. Es…
Trauma or taphonomy? A forensic reassessment of perimortem cranial trauma in burials from the Phaleron cemetery (Archaic Athens, Greece)
The Poetics of Violence at Phaleron
A Bioarchaeological Perspective
This article explores the history of bioarchaeology from the beginning of the twentieth century, proxied by representation in publications as reported annually by the editors-in-chief of the American Journal of Physical/Biological Anthropology. Embedded within this history is the career trajectory of Jane E. Buikstra, who coined the term in relationship to the study of archaeologically recovered human remains in 1976
Skeletal manifestations of disease experience
OBJECTIVES: Porous lesions of the orbit (cribra orbitalia [CO]) and cranial vault (porotic hyperostosis [PH]) are used as skeletal indicators of childhood stress. Because they are understudied in contemporary populations, their relationship to disease experience is poorly understood. This paper examines the relationship between length of childhood illness and CO/PH formation in a clinically documented sample. "Turning points," which identify the …
Sex identification of a Late Iron Age sword and mirror cist burial from Hillside Farm, Bryher, Isles of Scilly, England
A burial dating to the 1st century BCE was found in 1999 in the Isles of Scilly, south-west England. As well as being the most richly furnished burial in the region, it has grave goods considered to have oppositional gender associations: martial items (sword, shield) plus a bronze mirror. The inability to determine sex from the poorly surviving skeletal remains, using morphological or the available genomic methods at the time of its discovery, ha…
Structural Violence and Physical Death at Tlatelolco
Human sacrifice in Mesoamerican cities was diverse and highly ritualized, and it remains incompletely understood. Knowing who was selected for ritual violence is essential for interpreting specialized mortuary deposits and furthering research on Mexica society. To understand the structure and variability of sacrificial and mortuary practices, we examine here three burial contexts from Tlatelolco, a densely populated city in the heart of the Tripl…
Ecce Homo
Skeletal dysplasia of an adult male from medieval Łekno in Poland, Central Europe
The skeletal dysplasias are a group of more than 450 heritable disorders that affect bone and cartilage, along with muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Achondroplasia is one of the most common skeletal dysplasias in both current and past populations. It can be transmitted intergenerationally, or it can result from a mutation. This paper aims to describe the lesions visible on the skeleton of a 30–45 year old male with achondroplasia, who lived durin…
Structural violence and physical death at Tlatelolco
Human sacrifice in Mesoamerican cities was diverse, highly ritualized, and remains incompletely characterized. Knowing who was selected for ritual violence is essential for interpreting specialized mortuary deposits and furthering research on Mexica society. To understand the structure and variability of sacrificial and mortuary practices, we examine here three burial contexts from Tlatelolco, a densely populated city in the heart of the Triple A…
Twenty-first century bioarchaeology
This article presents outcomes from a Workshop entitled "Bioarchaeology: Taking Stock and Moving Forward," which was held at Arizona State University (ASU) on March 6-8, 2020. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (ASU), and the Center for Bioarchaeological Research (CBR, ASU), the Workshop's overall goal was to explore reasons why research proposals submitted by bioarchaeologists, both g…
Cancers as rare diseases
Amely deletion is not detected in systematically sampled reference populations
New insights into the manual activities of individuals from the Phaleron cemetery (Archaic Athens, Greece)
Migration, violence, and the 'other
Bioarchaeological studies are highly successful in accessing multivalent past social identities. This study applies social identity theory to contexts of violence, developing a theoretical framework to investigate identity-based violence at the Epiclassic (600–900 CE) central Mexican shrine site of Non-Grid 4, where at least 180 individuals were ritually sacrificed and interred. Ethnohistoric and archaeological data indicate that geographic origi…
Angel, John Lawrence
Advances in the molecular detection of tuberculosis in pre-contact Andean South America
Examining variation in skeletal tuberculosis in a late pre-contact population from the eastern mountains of Peru
Staging Ritual
Health and differential survival in prehistoric populations
Linear hypoplasia of the deciduous teeth is rare in most human populations, but common where nutritional status is poor. Deciduous enamel hypoplasia, hypocalcification, and hypoplasia‐related caries are described in Middle and Late Woodland skeletal series from the Lower Illinois Valley. Gross enamel defects that can be referred to pre‐natal development are found in 83 of 170 children under six years of age at death. Circular caries secondary to …
Fertility and the Development of Agriculture in the Prehistoric Midwest
In this article we develop and apply a method for estimating fertility in paleodemographic study. The proportion D30+/D5+, generated from standard life table calculations, is used to estimate relative fertility rates for eight Woodland and Mississippian populations represented by skeletal series from west-central Illinois. The inferred pattern of fertility increase through time is then considered in the context of key variables that define diet, …
Paleodemography
Recent criticism of paleodemographic methods (Bocquet-Appel and Masset 1982) has centered on biases introduced by the nature of reference samples and the population-specificity of techniques for estimating age in skeletal remains. This paper examines five key arguments concerning this bias and alleged imprecision from the perspective of life table analysis. The results of our simulation and statistical analyses indicate that the criticism leveled…
Palaeopathology
Tiwanaku 'colonization
Nothing is more central to theories of prehispanic Andean state formation than the relationship between highland core areas and ecologically‐distinct peripheral regions. Various models, ranging from direct colonization to trade relations have been proposed and are usually grounded in architectural and material cultural patterning. We examine the human biological implications of colonization from the perspective of Tiwanaku, primarily during the e…
Strontium Isotopes and the Study of Human Mobility in Ancient Mesoamerica
We analyzed strontium isotopes in more than 500 samples of shell, bone, and dental enamel from modern and archaeological contexts throughout Mesoamerica. The results correspond closely with expectations based upon the local geology and earlier measurements of geological materials. The results show that isotopic variation is significant across Mesoamerica. Thus strontium isotope ratios in dental enamel, which mark the place of childhood residence,…
Soil pH, Bone Preservation, and Sampling Bias at Mortuary Sites
Prediction of human skeletal preservation at mortuary sites is important in archaeological research and in cultural resources management. In this study, correlations between osseous deterioration and soil acidity, as measured by pH, were found to be significant. Age-associated preservation biases were also evident. The use of multiple regression is suggested as a technique for estimating recovery of human osteological remains in archaeological co…
The Use of Strontium Isotope Analysis to Investigate Tiwanaku Migration and Mortuary Ritual in Bolivia and Peru
Strontium isotope analysis is applied in South America for the first time in order to investigate residential mobility and mortuary ritual from ad 500 to 1000. While Tiwanaku‐style artefacts are spread throughout Bolivia, southern Peru and northern Chile during this time, the nature of Tiwanaku influence in the region is much debated. Human skeletal remains from the site of Tiwanaku and the proposed Tiwanaku colony of Chen Chen have been analysed…
Artificial Cranial Deformation at the Omo M10 Site
Artificial cranial deformation is a recognized attribute of many archaeologically recovered Andean skeletal collections. Ethnohistoric sources document the diversity of forms used to mark both vertical and horizontal status distinctions among Late Horizon peoples. Region-specific social groups were characterized by distinctive deformation styles, as were individuals of Inka heritage. Review of early Spanish accounts and consideration of various s…
Quantitative genetics of skeletal nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago. I. Single trait heritabilities
The use of skeletal nonmetric traits in studies of biological relationships often involves the assumption that variation in these traits is genetic. Studies of nonmetric traits in human groups and in inbred strains of mice and rabbits have indicated a genetic component to nonmetric trait variation. Skeletons of animals with known matrilineage membership were obtained from the Cayo Santiago skeletal collection in order to obtain a direct estimate …
Isotopic and archaeological interpretations of diet in the central mississippi valley
Skeletal biological distance studies in American Physical Anthropology
Biological distance analysis, the dominant type of skeletal biological research during the 19th century, has become less visible in recent years. Although the proportion of American Journal of Physical Anthropology articles and published abstracts focusing on biodistance has remained fairly constant over the three decades between 1955 and 1985, the proportion of biodistance contributions relative to other skeletal biology studies has decreased. E…
Histomorphological alteration in buried human bone from the lower Illinois Valley
Anemia and childhood mortality
Hrdlicka ([1914] Smithson. Inst. Misc. Collect. 61:1-69) reported that pre-Columbian skeletal material from the coastal lowland Andean region exhibited a high frequency of porotic hyperostosis, a pathological condition of bone that generally is thought to indicate childhood anemia. While subsequent studies tended to reinforce this conclusion, factors implicated in the condition have yet to be fully explored in the region as a whole. This study ex…
Introducing δ88/86Sr analysis in archaeology
Chemical Analysis of Excavated Human Bone From Middle and Late Woodland Sites
Vertebral pathology in the Afar australopithecines
Ten vertebral elements from the AL‐288 partial hominid skeleton and 11 elements from the AL‐333 collection are described. The AL‐288 column presents a marked kyphosis at the level of thoracic vertebrae 6 through 10, with pronounced new bone formation on the ventral surfaces of these vertebrae. These features, associated with narrowed disc space and minor osteophytosis, resemble Scheuermann disease in the human. Even though this diagnosis is consi…
Quantitative genetics of skeletal nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago. II. Phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations between traits
The general lack of phenotypic correlation among skeletal nonmetric traits has been interpreted as indicating a lack of genetic correlation among these traits. Nonmetric traits scored on animals in the skeletal collection of rhesus macaques from Cayo Santiago are used to calculate phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations between traits. The results show that even when phenotypic correlations are low, there may be large, significant gen…
Quantitative genetics of skeletal nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques of Cayo Santiago. III. Relative heritability of skeletal nonmetric and metric traits
This study addresses the long‐standing controversy in skeletal biology concerning the relative utility of skeletal metric and nonmetric traits for studies of biological relationship. This controversy centers on the relative heritability of these two trait sets. This paper presents heritabilities for a series of skeletal metric and nonmetric traits measured with the same sample of mother‐offspring pairs from the Cayo Santiago skeletal collection o…
Relationships between non‐metric skeletal traits and cranial size and shape
A long‐standing controversy exists about the comparative utility of metric and non‐metric traits as biological indicators in population studies. We hypothesize that the underlying scale which determines the presence or absence of a cranial non‐metric trait is an expression of general and/or local size variation in the cranium. Therefore metric and non‐metric traits will share a common developmental determination. The hypothesis implies that the u…
Seasonality and paleodiet in the Chiribaya polity of southern Peru
A comparative study of the chemical analysis of ribs and femurs in woodland populations
Parallel chemical analyses of ribs and femurs from the Middle Woodland Gibson site and the Late Woodland Ledders site show that the elements most closely related to diet (strontium, zinc, magnesium) are found in identical proportions in the two bones. Elements associated with soil contamination (iron, aluminum, potassium, manganese) are found in a significantly higher proportion in the rib. The major elements calcium and sodium are found in lower…
Sex estimation using sexually dimorphic amelogenin protein fragments in human enamel
Twenty-first century bioarchaeology
This article presents outcomes from a Workshop entitled "Bioarchaeology: Taking Stock and Moving Forward," which was held at Arizona State University (ASU) on March 6-8, 2020. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (ASU), and the Center for Bioarchaeological Research (CBR, ASU), the Workshop's overall goal was to explore reasons why research proposals submitted by bioarchaeologists, both g…
Diet, Tuberculosis, and the Paleopathological Record
Osseous manifestation of infectious disease is of paramount importance to paleopathologists seeking to interpret ancient health, but the relationships among infectious agent exposure, development of disease, and skeletal involvement are complex. The outcome of an exposure strongly depends on multiple factors, including ecology, diet, nutrition, immune function, and the genetics of pathogen and host. Mycobacterial diseases are often studied in anc…
Physical Anthropology
The Caribou Eskimo
Reported here are two forms of skeletal pathology identified in an inclusive sample of Caribou Eskimo skeletons. Harris Lines, nonspecific indicators of stress, show marked periodicity in approximately one‐half of the observable adults. This pattern is interpreted as the result of a recurrent, annual stress cycle, perhaps attributable to late winter famine. A second form of pathological change comprises resorptive lesions primarily localized in t…
Analysis of excavated bone by atomic absorption
Results from the elemental analysis of completely dissolved human bone by atomic absorption are (for some elements) reproducibly higher than those from the analysis of only the material obtained through digestion of the bone. Because digestion procedures can be quite variable, complete dissolution should provide more reliable comparisons between laboratories. We offer a detailed description of the dissolution procedure and of the atomic absorptio…
A study of intragroup biological change induced by social group fission in Macaca mulatta using discrete cranial traits
Eight discrete cranial traits are used as biological indicators to investigate the effect of social group fission on intragroup genetic change leading to intergroup differentiation in Macaca mulatta . The timing of discrete cranial trait frequency change and group fission coincide, indicating a possible causal relationship between fission and genetic change. A significant change in the male mating population during and after fission is proposed a…
Chemical Analysis of Excavated Human Bone From Middle and Late Woodland Sites
Relationships between non‐metric skeletal traits and cranial size and shape
A long‐standing controversy exists about the comparative utility of metric and non‐metric traits as biological indicators in population studies. We hypothesize that the underlying scale which determines the presence or absence of a cranial non‐metric trait is an expression of general and/or local size variation in the cranium. Therefore metric and non‐metric traits will share a common developmental determination. The hypothesis implies that the u…
Health and differential survival in prehistoric populations
Linear hypoplasia of the deciduous teeth is rare in most human populations, but common where nutritional status is poor. Deciduous enamel hypoplasia, hypocalcification, and hypoplasia‐related caries are described in Middle and Late Woodland skeletal series from the Lower Illinois Valley. Gross enamel defects that can be referred to pre‐natal development are found in 83 of 170 children under six years of age at death. Circular caries secondary to …
Physical Anthropology
Palaeopathology
Quantitative genetics of skeletal nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago. I. Single trait heritabilities
The use of skeletal nonmetric traits in studies of biological relationships often involves the assumption that variation in these traits is genetic. Studies of nonmetric traits in human groups and in inbred strains of mice and rabbits have indicated a genetic component to nonmetric trait variation. Skeletons of animals with known matrilineage membership were obtained from the Cayo Santiago skeletal collection in order to obtain a direct estimate …
Quantitative genetics of skeletal nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago. II. Phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations between traits
The general lack of phenotypic correlation among skeletal nonmetric traits has been interpreted as indicating a lack of genetic correlation among these traits. Nonmetric traits scored on animals in the skeletal collection of rhesus macaques from Cayo Santiago are used to calculate phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations between traits. The results show that even when phenotypic correlations are low, there may be large, significant gen…
Soil pH, Bone Preservation, and Sampling Bias at Mortuary Sites
Prediction of human skeletal preservation at mortuary sites is important in archaeological research and in cultural resources management. In this study, correlations between osseous deterioration and soil acidity, as measured by pH, were found to be significant. Age-associated preservation biases were also evident. The use of multiple regression is suggested as a technique for estimating recovery of human osteological remains in archaeological co…
A comparative study of the chemical analysis of ribs and femurs in woodland populations
Parallel chemical analyses of ribs and femurs from the Middle Woodland Gibson site and the Late Woodland Ledders site show that the elements most closely related to diet (strontium, zinc, magnesium) are found in identical proportions in the two bones. Elements associated with soil contamination (iron, aluminum, potassium, manganese) are found in a significantly higher proportion in the rib. The major elements calcium and sodium are found in lower…
Quantitative genetics of skeletal nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques of Cayo Santiago. III. Relative heritability of skeletal nonmetric and metric traits
This study addresses the long‐standing controversy in skeletal biology concerning the relative utility of skeletal metric and nonmetric traits for studies of biological relationship. This controversy centers on the relative heritability of these two trait sets. This paper presents heritabilities for a series of skeletal metric and nonmetric traits measured with the same sample of mother‐offspring pairs from the Cayo Santiago skeletal collection o…
Electron microprobe analysis of elemental distribution in excavated human femurs
Elemental distributions have been determined for femur cross sections of eight individuals from the Gibson and Ledders Woodland sites. The analyses were obtained by x‐ray fluorescence with a scanning electron microscope. Movement of an element from soil to bone should give rise to inhomogeneous distributions within the bone. We found that the distributions of zinc, strontium, and lead are homogeneous throughout the femur. In contrast, iron, alumi…
Vertebral pathology in the Afar australopithecines
Ten vertebral elements from the AL‐288 partial hominid skeleton and 11 elements from the AL‐333 collection are described. The AL‐288 column presents a marked kyphosis at the level of thoracic vertebrae 6 through 10, with pronounced new bone formation on the ventral surfaces of these vertebrae. These features, associated with narrowed disc space and minor osteophytosis, resemble Scheuermann disease in the human. Even though this diagnosis is consi…
Archeology
Reburial
Copper and Barium as Dietary Discriminants
In skeletons excavated from Woodland sites, copper and barium levels are found to have been contaminated by influx from the soil environment. Electron microprobe scans for both elements show build‐up along the outer surface of femur cross sections. Elemental levels for Cu and Ba are lower in the femur or fibula than in the more porous rib. The distribution of Cu in the immediately surrounding soil is highly anisotropic. These observations indicat…
The relationship between cranial metric and nonmetric traits in the rhesus macaques from Cayo Santiago
This study addresses the relationship between cranial metric variables and nonmetric traits using the skeletal sample of rhesus macaques from Cayo Santiago. Discriminant function analysis is used to study the metric differences between macaque crania grouped according to the presence or absence of nine nonmetric traits. The computation of total structure coefficients from the discriminant function analyses provides information regarding how close…
Genetic correlations between sides and heritability of asymmetry for nonmetric traits in rhesus macaques on Cayo Santiago
The use of nonmetric traits for estimation of biological distance is a long‐standing practice in biological anthropology. Nonmetric traits can be scored using either the individual or the side of the individual as the unit of measure. If sides of the individual are genetically correlated the use of sides would produce redundant genetic information. For this reason, Korey (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 53 :19–23, 1980) argues for the use of individuals …
Induced metal-ion exchange in excavated human bone
The Ritual of the Mounds . 1984. Produced and directed by John Meyer for the Tennessee Department of Conservation
Bone diagenesis and dietary analysis
Paleodemography
Recent criticism of paleodemographic methods (Bocquet-Appel and Masset 1982) has centered on biases introduced by the nature of reference samples and the population-specificity of techniques for estimating age in skeletal remains. This paper examines five key arguments concerning this bias and alleged imprecision from the perspective of life table analysis. The results of our simulation and statistical analyses indicate that the criticism leveled…
Archaeology (68 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (63 obras) · Geography (56 obras) · Biology (47 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (39 obras) · History (39 obras) · Sociology (35 obras) · Medicine (32 obras) · Paleopathology and ancient diseases (25 obras) · Computer Science (24 obras)