James Tumwine
Biographic Data
| ID | 5499327 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James Tumwine |
| GIVEN NAMES | James |
| FAMILY NAME | Tumwine |
| SIGNATURE | TUMWINE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Makerere University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3422-7460 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 47 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 15 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 47 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Ending nuclear weapons, before they end us
Association between early alcohol use and academic achievement among primary school children in Uganda
Child alcohol use is a public health concern in Uganda. This study assessed academic achievement skills and their association with alcohol use among primary school children in Mbale district, Uganda. This cross-sectional study assessed academic achievement skills (word reading, sentence comprehension, spelling, and math computation) in 6–13-year-old primary school children using the Wide Range Achievement Test, Fifth Edition (WRAT-5). Participant…
Reduzindo os riscos de uma guerra nuclear – o papel dos profissionais de saúde
Reducing the Risks of Nuclear War—The Role of Health Professionals
High Burden of Neurodevelopmental Delay among Children Born to Women with Obstructed Labour in Eastern Uganda
Over 250 million infants in low and middle-income countries do not fulfill their neurodevelopment potential. In this study, we assessed the incidence and risk factors for neurodevelopmental delay (NDD) among children born following obstructed labor in Eastern Uganda. Between October 2021 and April 2022, we conducted a cohort study of 155 children (aged 25 to 44 months), born at term and assessed their neurodevelopment using the Malawi Development…
COP27 Climate Change Conference
Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth, characterised by ecosystem collapse, species extinction, and climate hazards such as heatwaves [...]
COP27 Climate Change Conference
COP27 Climate Change Conference—Urgent Action Needed for Africa and the World
Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present, and future impacts of climate change
Umbilical Cord Stump Infections in Central Uganda
Umbilical cord stump infection (omphalitis) is a risk factor for neonatal sepsis and death. We assessed the incidence of omphalitis, described the bacteriological and antibiotic-resistance profile of potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated from the umbilical cord stump of omphalitis cases, and evaluated whether bacteria present in the birth canal during birth predicted omphalitis. We enrolled 769 neonates at birth at three primary healthcare fac…
Incidence and Risk Factors for Low Birthweight and Preterm Birth in Post-Conflict Northern Uganda
Background: Annually, an estimated 20 million (13%) low-birthweight (LBW) and 15 million (11.1%) preterm infants are born worldwide. A paucity of data and reliance on hospital-based studies from low-income countries make it difficult to quantify the true burden of LBW and PB, the leading cause of neonatal and under-five mortality. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for LBW and preterm birth in Lira district of Northern Uganda. M…
There is nowhere to take the child’
The participants were concerned about childhood alcohol and substance use, but the complexity and magnitude of the problem left them feeling incapacitated in responding. Relevant factors were identified on the community, institutional, and the government level, such as a lack of leadership in addressing it, a loss of mandate to interfere in child-rearing, inadequate services, weak legal structures, and missing government action. A strengthening o…
As soon as they can hold a glass, they begin taking alcohol’
To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the context and conditions of childhood substance use before age 10 in Mbale District, Uganda. The study shows that community members attributed early childhood substance use to a social context of widespread use in the community, which was exacerbated by conditions of material and emotional deprivation. These social determinants for this practice deserve public health attention and interventi…
Conférence COP27 sur le changement climatique
Conferencia sobre Cambio Climático COP27
Conferência sobre Mudança do Clima COP27
COP27 Climate Change Conference
COP27 Climate Change Conference
Perinatal death in Northern Uganda
The incidence of perinatal death in this region was higher than had previously been reported in Uganda. Risk factors for perinatal mortality were nulliparity and maternal age >30 years. Pregnant women in this region need improved access to care during pregnancy and childbirth
Longitudinal Follow-Up of Blood Telomere Length in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Having Received One Year of Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Lamivudine as Prophylaxis
Telomere shortening can be enhanced upon human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and by antiretroviral (ARV) exposures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute and long-term effect on telomere shortening of two ARV prophylaxes, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and lamivudine (3TC), administered to children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (CHEU) to prevent HIV acquisition through breastfeeding during the first year of life, and to investiga…
Acceptability and feasibility of inter-related activities to improve agency among African district health managers
District health managers (DHMs) lead and manage Ministry of Health programmes and system performance. We report on the acceptability and feasibility of inter-related activities to increase the agency of DHMs in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda using a cross-sectional rapid appraisal with 372 DHMs employing structured questionnaires. We found differences and similarities between the countries, in particular, who becomes a DHM. The opportuni…
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm babies during infancy in Eastern Uganda
BACKGROUND: Complications due to prematurity are a threat to child survival and full developmental potential particularly in low-income settings. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the neurodevelopmental outcomes among preterm infants and identify any modifiable factors associated with neurodevelopmental disability (NDD). METHODS: We recruited 454 babies (242 preterms with birth weight <2.5 kg, and 212 term babies) in a cohort study…
Adding video-debriefing to Helping-Babies-Breathe training enhanced retention of neonatal resuscitation knowledge and skills among health workers in Uganda
BACKGROUND: Skilled birth attendants must be competent to provide prompt resuscitation to save newborn lives at birth. Both knowledge and skills (competence) decline with time after training but the optimal duration for refresher training among frontline-skilled birth attendants in low-resource settings is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the effect of an innovative Helping-Babies-Breathe simulation-based teaching method using video-debriefing co…
Exclusive breastfeeding among HIV exposed infants from birth to 14 weeks of life in Lira, Northern Uganda
BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is important for growth, development and survival of HIV exposed infants. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of morbidity, mortality and increases HIV free survival of infants. Evidence on risk factors for inappropriate breastfeeding in Northern Uganda is limited. OBJECTIVE: This study determined the risk factors for non-exclusivity of breastfeeding in the first 14 weeks of life. METHODS: This prospective cohort st…
Fetal heart rate monitoring practices at a public hospital in Northern Uganda – what health workers document, do and say
When compared to national and international guidelines, FHR monitoring is sub-optimal in the studied setting. Approximately one in four women was not monitored during the first stage of labor. Barriers to appropriate FHR monitoring included shortage of staff and devices, institutional challenges and mother's negative attitudes. These barriers need to be addressed in order to reduce neonatal mortality
Caries experience and oral health related quality of life in a cohort of Ugandan HIV-1 exposed uninfected children compared with a matched cohort of HIV unexposed uninfected children
The prevalence of untreated caries in primary teeth and quality of life impacts was high in this study population. HIV-1 exposed uninfected children were not more likely than HUU children to experience dental caries or have impaired oral health related quality of life. Given the global expansion of the HEU child population, the present findings indicating no adverse effect of pre- and post-natal HIV-1 exposure on caries in deciduous teeth are rea…
Waiting at the tap
This paper reports on changes in water supplies in 16 sites in nine East African urban centres (including Nairobi and Dar es Salaam) between 1967 and 1997. The sites included both low-income and affluent neighbourhoods. In most sites, water supplies had deteriorated. For sites that already had piped water in 1967, most received less water per day in 1997 and had more unreliable supplies. For households without piped supplies, the average time spe…
Community participation as myth or reality
‘Community participation’ in health, as a slogan, is often abused. This paper argues that the attitude of most hearth workers to the causes of ill-health is influenced by their class aspirations, which are often different from those of the poor and unhealthy. Ill-health, and lack of development in general, is seen as the result of a struggle between the ‘haves’ and the ‘have-nots’ at all levels. Projects and anecdotal examples from meetings with …
Community participation as myth or reality
‘Community participation’ in health, as a slogan, is often abused. This paper argues that the attitude of most hearth workers to the causes of ill-health is influenced by their class aspirations, which are often different from those of the poor and unhealthy. Ill-health, and lack of development in general, is seen as the result of a struggle between the ‘haves’ and the ‘have-nots’ at all levels. Projects and anecdotal examples from meetings with …
Waiting at the tap
This paper reports on changes in water supplies in 16 sites in nine East African urban centres (including Nairobi and Dar es Salaam) between 1967 and 1997. The sites included both low-income and affluent neighbourhoods. In most sites, water supplies had deteriorated. For sites that already had piped water in 1967, most received less water per day in 1997 and had more unreliable supplies. For households without piped supplies, the average time spe…
Waiting at the tap
This paper reports on changes in water supplies in 16 sites in nine East African urban centres (including Nairobi and Dar es Salaam) between 1967 and 1997. The sites included both low-income and affluent neighbourhoods. In most sites, water supplies had deteriorated. For sites that already had piped water in 1967, most received less water per day in 1997 and had more unreliable supplies. For households without piped supplies, the average time spe…
A day in the life of … a paediatrician in Uganda
Mothers' education but not fathers' education, household assets or land ownership is the best predictor of child health inequalities in rural Uganda
BACKGROUND: Health and nutrition inequality is a result of a complex web of factors that include socio-economic inequalities. Various socio-economic indicators exist however some do not accurately predict inequalities in children. Others are not intervention feasible. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of four socio-economic indicators namely: mothers' education, fathers' education, household asset index, and land ownership with growth stuntin…
Antenatal HIV testing in rural eastern Uganda in 2003
BACKGROUND: Uganda began to implement the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programme in 2000, and by the end of 2003 it had expanded to cover 38 of the 56 districts including Mbale District. However, reports from Mbale Hospital showed that less than 10% of pregnant women accepted antenatal HIV testing. We therefore conducted a study to determine the proportion of pregnant women who tested for HIV and the gaps and barriers…
Intimate partner violence against women in eastern Uganda
Intimate partner violence is common in eastern Uganda and is related to gender inequality, multiple partners, alcohol, and poverty. Accordingly, programmes for the prevention of intimate partner violence need to target these underlying factors. The suggested link between intimate partner violence and HIV risky behaviours or prevention strategies calls for further studies to clearly establish this relationship
Predictors of poor anthropometric status among children under 2 years of age in rural Uganda
Constraints to educational opportunities of orphans
The objective of this article is to assess constraints on educational opportunities of orphans cared for within the extended family system in Lira district, northern Uganda. The data were collected through: review of school census records; ethnographic fieldwork; in-depth interviews with 21 community leaders, 45 heads of households caring for orphans and 35 orphans. Focus group discussions were held with men and women caring for orphans, communit…
Determinants of infant growth in Eastern Uganda
Sub-optimal infant feeding practices after birth, poor household wealth, age, gender and family size were associated with growth among Ugandan infants
Establishing individual peer counselling for exclusive breastfeeding in Uganda
Exclusive breastfeeding remains critical for child survival, potentially reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. In Uganda, 98% of children are ever breastfed, but exclusive breastfeeding levels remain low. Supporting mothers in breastfeeding exclusively can improve breastfeeding practices. This paper describes experiences of establishing individual peer counselling for exclusive breastfeeding in the Uganda site of the Promoting Infant Health…
Infant feeding among HIV-positive mothers and the general population mothers
In many respects, HIV-positive mothers fed their infants less favourably than mothers in the general population, with potentially detrimental effects on both the child's nutrition and the risk of HIV transmission. Mixed feeding and pre-lacteal feeding were widespread. Breastfeeding duration was shorter among HIV-positive mothers. Higher educational level and being socio-economically better off were associated with more beneficial infant feeding p…
Growth effects of exclusive breastfeeding promotion by peer counsellors in sub-Saharan Africa
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00397150
Child survival and BCG vaccination
The risk of early childhood death in Mbale, Uganda is unacceptably high. BCG vaccination was associated with an increased likelihood of child survival
Impact of a peer-counseling intervention on breastfeeding practices in different socioeconomic strata
BACKGROUND: Undernutrition is highly prevalent among infants in Uganda. Optimal infant feeding practices may improve nutritional status, health, and survival among children. OBJECTIVE: Our study evaluates the socioeconomic distribution of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and growth outcomes among infants included in a trial, which promoted EBF by peer counselors in Uganda. DESIGN: Twenty-four clusters comprising one to two communities in Uganda were…
Effects of an exclusive breastfeeding intervention for six months on growth patterns of 4–5 year old children in Uganda
ClinicalTrials.gov.no. NCT00397150 . Registered 7th of November 2006
Factors associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding
BACKGROUND: Initiation of breastfeeding later than 1 hour after birth is associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding. METHODS: We conducted a survey in 2016 of 930 children under the age of 2 years in Lira district, northern Uganda. Mothers of the children were interviewed and data was collected on mobile phones using Open Data K…
Prevalence and determinants of pre-lacteal feeding in South Sudan
BACKGROUND: Pre-lacteal feeding (PLF) is a barrier to optimal breastfeeding and increases the risk of diarrhoea and acute respiratory tract infections in infants.The prevalence and predictors of PLF are not well studied in South Sudan. Understanding the predictors of PLF is crucial in designing interventions to increase exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with PLF in Jubek State, South S…
Feasibility and acceptability of a midwife-led health education strategy to reduce exposure to biomass smoke among pregnant women in Uganda, A FRESH AIR project
Biomass smoke exposure is a threat to child and maternal health in many resource-limited countries and is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and serious lung diseases in the offspring. We aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability and impact of a midwife-led education programme on biomass risks and prevention for women attending maternity clinics in Uganda. Education materials were co-developed through an iterative process by midwives an…
The Effect of Health Worker Training on Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in South Sudan
Globally, suboptimal breastfeeding contributes to more than 800,000 child deaths annually. In South Sudan, few women breastfeed early. We assessed the effect of a Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative training on early initiation of breastfeeding at Juba Teaching Hospital in South Sudan. We carried out the training for health workers after a baseline survey. We recruited 806 mothers both before and four to six months after training. We used a modifie…
Key Decision Makers and Actors in Selected Newborn Care Practices
Knowledge of key decision makers and actors in newborn care is necessary to ensure that health interventions are targeted at the right people. This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Lira district, Northern Uganda. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with mothers being the key decision maker regarding where to give birth from and when to initiate breastfeeding. Fathers were the key decision makers on…
Determinants of Health Facility Utilization at Birth in South Sudan
South Sudan has a high maternal mortality ratio estimated at 800 deaths per 100,000 live births. Birth in health facilities with skilled attendants can lower this mortality. In this cross-sectional study, we determined the level and determinants of health facility utilization and skilled birth attendance in Jubek State, South Sudan. Mothers of children aged less than two years were interviewed in their homes. Multivariable regression analysis was…
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm babies during infancy in Eastern Uganda
BACKGROUND: Complications due to prematurity are a threat to child survival and full developmental potential particularly in low-income settings. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the neurodevelopmental outcomes among preterm infants and identify any modifiable factors associated with neurodevelopmental disability (NDD). METHODS: We recruited 454 babies (242 preterms with birth weight <2.5 kg, and 212 term babies) in a cohort study…
Adding video-debriefing to Helping-Babies-Breathe training enhanced retention of neonatal resuscitation knowledge and skills among health workers in Uganda
BACKGROUND: Skilled birth attendants must be competent to provide prompt resuscitation to save newborn lives at birth. Both knowledge and skills (competence) decline with time after training but the optimal duration for refresher training among frontline-skilled birth attendants in low-resource settings is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the effect of an innovative Helping-Babies-Breathe simulation-based teaching method using video-debriefing co…
Exclusive breastfeeding among HIV exposed infants from birth to 14 weeks of life in Lira, Northern Uganda
BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is important for growth, development and survival of HIV exposed infants. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of morbidity, mortality and increases HIV free survival of infants. Evidence on risk factors for inappropriate breastfeeding in Northern Uganda is limited. OBJECTIVE: This study determined the risk factors for non-exclusivity of breastfeeding in the first 14 weeks of life. METHODS: This prospective cohort st…
Medicine (35 works) · Environmental health (21 works) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (19 works) · Pediatrics (19 works) · Nursing (16 works) · Demography (15 works) · Global Maternal and Child Health (15 works) · Public health (13 works) · Breastfeeding (12 works) · Breastfeeding Practices and Influences (12 works)