Stephen Kulis
Biographic Data
| ID | 5510372 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen Kulis |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen |
| FAMILY NAME | Kulis |
| SIGNATURE | KULIS S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Arizona State University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 46 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 468 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 46 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1986 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Effectiveness of the Mantente Real Program for Preventing Alcohol Use in Spanish Adolescents
Mantente REAL is a school-based universal program to prevent drug use and other problematic behaviors specifically designed to be implemented in schools at the beginning of adolescence. This program, which is a culturally adapted version of the Keepin’ it REAL intervention, focuses on skills training for resisting social pressure to use drugs and improving psychosocial development. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Mantente REAL on…
Assessing Parenting and Family Functioning Measures for Urban American Indians
Urban American Indian (AI) families often “live in two worlds,” and widely used parenting measures may not adequately capture their parenting styles. Drawing from baseline surveys of AI parents living in 3 urban communities in Arizona (n = 606), this study examines the applicability of using 6 previously validated measures with urban AI parents: parent self‐agency, parental supervision, positive parenting practices, discipline, family cohesion, a…
Parenting in 2 Worlds
Effects of a Youth Substance Use Prevention Program on Stealing, Fighting, and Weapon Use
Exploring Indigenous Identities of Urban American Indian Youth of the Southwest
This study examined the indigenous identities of urban American Indian youth using measures related to three theoretical dimensions of Markstrom's identity model: identification (tribal and ethnic heritage), connection (reservation ties), and involvement in traditional cultural practices and spirituality. Data came from self-administered questionnaires completed by 142 urban American Indian middle school students in a southwestern metropolitan ar…
The Impact of Ethnoracial Appearance on Substance Use in Mexican Heritage Adolescents in the Southwest United States
Latinos are a multiracial ethnic group, and as such, within-group differences in ethnoracial appearance deserve to be studied and understood within the racialized American context and in connection to specific health and mental health outcomes. This article presents the findings of a study conducted with middle school Mexican heritage students ( n = 1,150) in Phoenix, Arizona, and tested how non-White majority ethnoracial appearance predicted ado…
Gender Differences in Drug Resistance Skills of Youth in Guanajuato, Mexico
Acculturation among Mexican-heritage preadolescents
Gender Roles, Externalizing Behaviors, and Substance Use Among Mexican-American Adolescents
A sample of 60 male and 91 female Mexican-American adolescents (age 13-18) were administered measures of positive (i.e., assertive masculinity, affective femininity) and negative (i.e., aggressive masculinity, submissive femininity) gender roles, internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, peer substance use, and own substance use (alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana). Negative gender roles were significantly correlated with internalizing and e…
A Typology and Analysis of Drug Resistance Strategies of Rural Native Hawaiian Youth
Gender Differences in Drug Offers of Rural Hawaiian Youths
This study examined the gender differences in drug-offer situations of Native Hawaiian youths in rural communities. Youths from seven middle or intermediate schools (N 194) on the Big Island of Hawai'i completed a survey that focused on the drug offers they had received. Multivariate and bivariate analyses indicated that the girls received significantly more drug offers than did the boys in the sample and found it more difficult to refuse drugs i…
The Influence of Linguistic Acculturation and Gender on the Initiation of Substance Use Among Mexican Heritage Preadolescents in the Borderlands
This article examined the impact of linguistic acculturation and gender on the substance use initiation of a sample of 1,473 Mexican heritage preadolescents attending 30 public schools in Phoenix, Arizona. It was hypothesized that linguistic acculturation operates differently as a risk or protective factor for young children than for older youth. The study used discrete-time event history methods to model the rate at which nonusing children initi…
Gender Differences in the Effect of Linguistic Acculturation on Substance Use Among Mexican-Origin Youth in the Southwest United States
This study tested for gender differences in the impact of linguistic acculturation on pro-drug norms, substance use intentions, and actual substance use among youth of Mexican heritage in a large metropolitan area in the Southwest United States. The authors analyzed baseline survey data provided by 2,487 middle school students of Mexican heritage who were part of a larger, multiethnic randomized efficacy trial of a drug abuse prevention program. …
Lifetime Segmented Assimilation Trajectories and Health Outcomes in Latino and Other Community Residents
Upward segmented assimilation is associated in adulthood with certain positive health outcomes. This may be the first study to model upward and downward lifetime segmented assimilation trajectories, and to associate these with life satisfaction, exercise, and dietary behaviors
When to Intervene
Using a Nonparametric Bootstrap to Obtain a Confidence Interval for Pearson’s r with Cluster Randomized Data
The development and initial validation of the Hawaiian Youth Drug Offers Survey (Hydos)
The survey helps to fill the gap in information related to drug use of Native Hawaiian youth and has implications for the development and assessment of culturally-specific drug prevention programs for these youth
The Protective and Risk Effects of Parents and Peers on Substance Use, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Mexican and Mexican American Female and Male Adolescents
This study explores the extent to which parental and peer behaviors and norms may affect substance use, personal antidrug norms, and intentions to use drugs in a group of Mexican heritage preadolescents in the Southwest United States, and whether these parental and peer influences differ according to gender. Secondary data from a randomized trial of a drug prevention program were used. The sample consisted of 2,733 adolescents. The outcomes were …
Perceived Ethnic Discrimination versus Acculturation Stress
Using a predominately Mexican-origin Latino sample of 5th grade students from the Southwestern United States, this study examined the relative effects of perceived discrimination and acculturation stress on substance use, and it assessed whether these effects were moderated by linguistic acculturation or time in the United States. Although rates of substance use were generally low in the sample, given the young age of the participants, over half …
Drug Resistance Strategies and Substance Use among Adolescents in Monterrey, Mexico
Immigrant advantage? Substance use among Latin American immigrant and native-born youth in Spain
This article reports the results of a descriptive study conducted with middle school and high school age youth residing in northwestern Spain. The main outcome of the study is to advance knowledge about the drug use attitudes and behaviors of immigrants versus native youth in a social context where Latin American immigrants share a common language and a set of core cultural norms with the host society. The research was conducted by a bi-national …
The Efficacy of a Multicultural Prevention Intervention among Urban American Indian Youth in the Southwest U.S
Culturally Specific Youth Substance Abuse Resistance Skills
This study tests the applicability among adolescents in Mexico of the keepin' it REAL (refuse, explain, avoid, and leave) strategies that are common and effective ways that U.S. youth resist substance use. Following a social learning, communication competence and ecological theory integrated approach, the study draws on self-reported questionnaire data from a non-probability sample of 327 adolescents attending two public high schools in Monterrey…
Neighborhood Effects on Youth Substance Use in a Southwestern City
This study examines neighborhood influences on alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use among a predominantly Latino middle school sample. Drawing on theories of immigrant adaptation and segmented assimilation, the authors test whether neighborhood immigrant, ethnic, and socioeconomic composition, violent crime, residential instability, and family structure have differential effects on substance use among youth from different ethnic and acculturatio…
The Implications of Ecologically Based Assessment for Primary Prevention with Indigenous Youth Populations
Perceived Ethnic Discrimination versus Acculturation Stress
Using a predominately Mexican-origin Latino sample of 5th grade students from the Southwestern United States, this study examined the relative effects of perceived discrimination and acculturation stress on substance use, and it assessed whether these effects were moderated by linguistic acculturation or time in the United States. Although rates of substance use were generally low in the sample, given the young age of the participants, over half …
Ethnic Labels and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Use among Middle School Students in the Southwest
This article explores differences in the self‐reported drug use and exposure to drugs of an ethnically diverse group of 408 seventh‐grade students from a large city in the southwest. We contrast the explanatory power of ethnic labels (African American, non‐Hispanic White, Mexican American, and mixed ethnicity) and two dimensions of ethnic identity in predicting drug use. One dimension focuses on perceived ethnically consistent behavior, speech, a…
Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Norms and Drug Use Among Preadolescents in the US Southwest
This article reports the results of research exploring how ethnicity and ethnic identity may "protect" adolescents against drug use and help them form antidrug use norms. This study was conducted in 1998 and is based on a sample of 4364 mostly Mexican American seventh graders residing in a large southwestern city of diverse acculturation statuses. It aims at testing existing findings by conducting the research within the unique geographic and eth…
Technology, Proximity, and Measures of Kin Support
The proposition is advanced that many current measures of kinship strength may paradox-ically indicate inadequate or weakened kinship structures. That is so because they rely on measures that emphasize continuous proximity. This curious paradox is a consequence of inattention to the relationship between technology, services, and proximity. This article presents nonproximity indicators of kinship contact and service delivery that can measure stren…
Culturally grounded substance use prevention
Acculturation among Mexican-heritage preadolescents
Gender identity, ethnicity, acculturation, and drug use
This article presents the findings of a survey completed by 1351 predominantly Mexican American middle school students residing in a large urban center in the U.S. Southwest. The study explores possible associations between drug use attitudes and behaviors and gender (biological sex), gender identity, ethnicity, and acculturation status. Based on the concepts of "machismo" and "marianismo" that have been used to describe Mexican populations, four…
Gender Segregation among College and University Employees
This article examines the gender composition and degree of job segrega-tion among current and recently hired employees in U.S. four-year col-leges and universities. Aggregate-level patterns of women's representa-tion by job category are discussed, and a contextual analysis identifies the level of gender segregation according to organizational conditions and institutional characteristics. The results indicate that the gender composition of an inst…
Neighborhood Effects on Youth Substance Use in a Southwestern City
This study examines neighborhood influences on alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use among a predominantly Latino middle school sample. Drawing on theories of immigrant adaptation and segmented assimilation, the authors test whether neighborhood immigrant, ethnic, and socioeconomic composition, violent crime, residential instability, and family structure have differential effects on substance use among youth from different ethnic and acculturatio…
Exploring Indigenous Identities of Urban American Indian Youth of the Southwest
This study examined the indigenous identities of urban American Indian youth using measures related to three theoretical dimensions of Markstrom's identity model: identification (tribal and ethnic heritage), connection (reservation ties), and involvement in traditional cultural practices and spirituality. Data came from self-administered questionnaires completed by 142 urban American Indian middle school students in a southwestern metropolitan ar…
Lifetime Segmented Assimilation Trajectories and Health Outcomes in Latino and Other Community Residents
Upward segmented assimilation is associated in adulthood with certain positive health outcomes. This may be the first study to model upward and downward lifetime segmented assimilation trajectories, and to associate these with life satisfaction, exercise, and dietary behaviors
The representation of women in top ranked sociology departments
Are minority women sociologists in double jeopardy
Gender Differences in the Effect of Linguistic Acculturation on Substance Use Among Mexican-Origin Youth in the Southwest United States
This study tested for gender differences in the impact of linguistic acculturation on pro-drug norms, substance use intentions, and actual substance use among youth of Mexican heritage in a large metropolitan area in the Southwest United States. The authors analyzed baseline survey data provided by 2,487 middle school students of Mexican heritage who were part of a larger, multiethnic randomized efficacy trial of a drug abuse prevention program. …
The Protective and Risk Effects of Parents and Peers on Substance Use, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Mexican and Mexican American Female and Male Adolescents
This study explores the extent to which parental and peer behaviors and norms may affect substance use, personal antidrug norms, and intentions to use drugs in a group of Mexican heritage preadolescents in the Southwest United States, and whether these parental and peer influences differ according to gender. Secondary data from a randomized trial of a drug prevention program were used. The sample consisted of 2,733 adolescents. The outcomes were …
When to Intervene
Majority Rules? The Effects of School Ethnic Composition on Substance Use by Mexican Heritage Adolescents
This article examines key aspects of the school environment - its composition by ethnicity and acculturation - as important social contexts for understanding Mexican immigrant and Mexican American adolescents' drug use norms and behaviors. Results are presented based on surveys completed by Mexican-background students from 35 Phoenix. Arizona middle schools, whose enrollment ranged from a numerical minority to an overwhelming majority. Multivaria…
The Impact of Ethnoracial Appearance on Substance Use in Mexican Heritage Adolescents in the Southwest United States
Latinos are a multiracial ethnic group, and as such, within-group differences in ethnoracial appearance deserve to be studied and understood within the racialized American context and in connection to specific health and mental health outcomes. This article presents the findings of a study conducted with middle school Mexican heritage students ( n = 1,150) in Phoenix, Arizona, and tested how non-White majority ethnoracial appearance predicted ado…
The Influence of Linguistic Acculturation and Gender on the Initiation of Substance Use Among Mexican Heritage Preadolescents in the Borderlands
This article examined the impact of linguistic acculturation and gender on the substance use initiation of a sample of 1,473 Mexican heritage preadolescents attending 30 public schools in Phoenix, Arizona. It was hypothesized that linguistic acculturation operates differently as a risk or protective factor for young children than for older youth. The study used discrete-time event history methods to model the rate at which nonusing children initi…
Immigrant advantage? Substance use among Latin American immigrant and native-born youth in Spain
This article reports the results of a descriptive study conducted with middle school and high school age youth residing in northwestern Spain. The main outcome of the study is to advance knowledge about the drug use attitudes and behaviors of immigrants versus native youth in a social context where Latin American immigrants share a common language and a set of core cultural norms with the host society. The research was conducted by a bi-national …
Ethnicity versus Ethnic Identity
Although researchers often incorporate various measures of ethnicity and ethnic identity (EI) into research about substance use, the relationships among ethnicity, EI, and substance use remain unclear (Marsiglia, Kulis, & Hecht, 2001; Phinney, 1996). This paper explores whether ethnicity and three EI instruments are useful in predicting substance use outcomes among three samples of ethnically diverse middle school youth. Findings include that age…
Gender Labels and Gender Identity as Predictors of Drug Use among Ethnically Diverse Middle School Students
This article examines the intertwined roles of gender labels (male/female) and gender identity in predicting drug-use behaviors and experiences of middle school students in a large, ethnically diverse, southwestern city. Three dimensions of gender identity are derived through factor analysis, one relating to femininity and nurturance, another relating to masculinity and self-confidence, and a third relating to masculinity and dominance. In bivari…
Physician Satisfaction in a Changing Health Care Environment
For some time, sociologists have debated whether physicians still retain dominance in the health care world, public faith in their moral and scientific authority, and the autonomy to set work conditions and make clinical decisions. Using ideas derived from this debate, we analyze the impact of changes in the health care environment on physician satisfaction. Our data come from a mailed survey of 510 Arizona physicians. Our results show that backg…
Socially Mobile Daughters and Sons of the Elderly
This study examines the effects of intergenerational occupational mobility on relationships between elderly parents and their adult children, using a geographically restricted random sample of parents and a derivative sample of their children. Several explanations for the existence of mobility effects are distinguished and empirically tested: that mobility in-troduces cultural disparities, invidious status comparisons, or greater residential sepa…
Minorities and Women in the Pacific Sociological Association Region
Based on a five-year follow-up survey of sociology departments in the Pacific Sociological Association region, we report trends in the representation of women and minorities among faculty members and graduate students. Although men continue to predominate at all but the lecturer/instructor level, women are increasingly represented on faculties overall, in tenured positions, and among the higher academic ranks. Proportionally fewer men and women a…
Minorities and Women in the Pacific Sociological Association Region
Based on a five-year follow-up survey of sociology departments in the Pacific Sociological Association region, we report trends in the representation of women and minorities among faculty members and graduate students. Although men continue to predominate at all but the lecturer/instructor level, women are increasingly represented on faculties overall, in tenured positions, and among the higher academic ranks. Proportionally fewer men and women a…
Socially Mobile Daughters and Sons of the Elderly
This study examines the effects of intergenerational occupational mobility on relationships between elderly parents and their adult children, using a geographically restricted random sample of parents and a derivative sample of their children. Several explanations for the existence of mobility effects are distinguished and empirically tested: that mobility in-troduces cultural disparities, invidious status comparisons, or greater residential sepa…
Technology, Proximity, and Measures of Kin Support
The proposition is advanced that many current measures of kinship strength may paradox-ically indicate inadequate or weakened kinship structures. That is so because they rely on measures that emphasize continuous proximity. This curious paradox is a consequence of inattention to the relationship between technology, services, and proximity. This article presents nonproximity indicators of kinship contact and service delivery that can measure stren…
The representation of women in top ranked sociology departments
Are minority women sociologists in double jeopardy
Organizational Dynamics and Gender Equity
This research attempts to clarify the organization's role in creating or reinforcing occupational stratification by explicitly examining how major organizational characteristics, including dynamic processes of expansion, contraction, and turnover, affect change over time in women's representation. The research focuses on academic sociology, a discipline that recently made modest gains in incorporating women faculty and graduate students. Drawing …
Gender Segregation among College and University Employees
This article examines the gender composition and degree of job segrega-tion among current and recently hired employees in U.S. four-year col-leges and universities. Aggregate-level patterns of women's representa-tion by job category are discussed, and a contextual analysis identifies the level of gender segregation according to organizational conditions and institutional characteristics. The results indicate that the gender composition of an inst…
Physician Satisfaction in a Changing Health Care Environment
For some time, sociologists have debated whether physicians still retain dominance in the health care world, public faith in their moral and scientific authority, and the autonomy to set work conditions and make clinical decisions. Using ideas derived from this debate, we analyze the impact of changes in the health care environment on physician satisfaction. Our data come from a mailed survey of 510 Arizona physicians. Our results show that backg…
External Labor Markets and the Distribution of Black Scientists and Engineers in Academia
Additional informationNotes on contributorsStephen KulisStephen Kulis is professor of sociology, Arizona State University, Heather Shaw is an independent research consultant, and Yinong Chong is an epidemiologist at the National Center for Health Statistics.Heather ShawStephen Kulis is professor of sociology, Arizona State University, Heather Shaw is an independent research consultant, and Yinong Chong is an epidemiologist at the National Center …
Ethnic Labels and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Use among Middle School Students in the Southwest
This article explores differences in the self‐reported drug use and exposure to drugs of an ethnically diverse group of 408 seventh‐grade students from a large city in the southwest. We contrast the explanatory power of ethnic labels (African American, non‐Hispanic White, Mexican American, and mixed ethnicity) and two dimensions of ethnic identity in predicting drug use. One dimension focuses on perceived ethnically consistent behavior, speech, a…
Gender Labels and Gender Identity as Predictors of Drug Use among Ethnically Diverse Middle School Students
This article examines the intertwined roles of gender labels (male/female) and gender identity in predicting drug-use behaviors and experiences of middle school students in a large, ethnically diverse, southwestern city. Three dimensions of gender identity are derived through factor analysis, one relating to femininity and nurturance, another relating to masculinity and self-confidence, and a third relating to masculinity and dominance. In bivari…
Sense of Belonging in School as a Protective Factor Against Drug Abuse Among Native American Urban Adolescents
This article presents the results of a study conducted with 243 Native American students who were part of a multi-ethnic sample of adolescents attending middle school in a large urban center in the Southwest region of the United States. Native adolescents who felt a stronger sense of belonging in their school were found to report a lower lifetime use of alcohol and cigarettes, lower cigarette and marijuana use in the previous month, lower frequen…
Culturally grounded substance use prevention
Gender identity, ethnicity, acculturation, and drug use
This article presents the findings of a survey completed by 1351 predominantly Mexican American middle school students residing in a large urban center in the U.S. Southwest. The study explores possible associations between drug use attitudes and behaviors and gender (biological sex), gender identity, ethnicity, and acculturation status. Based on the concepts of "machismo" and "marianismo" that have been used to describe Mexican populations, four…
An Ecological Assessment of Drug-Related Problem Situations for American Indian Adolescents of the Southwest
This study examined difficult situations related to drug and alcohol use as identified by American Indian youth in the South-west. Sixty-two contextually based items were developed from focus group data, and were administered to 71 American Indian youth. The items measured the frequency in which youth experienced specific drug-related situations, as well as the perceived difficulty in resisting drug use offers in those situations: The results ind…
Majority Rules? The Effects of School Ethnic Composition on Substance Use by Mexican Heritage Adolescents
This article examines key aspects of the school environment - its composition by ethnicity and acculturation - as important social contexts for understanding Mexican immigrant and Mexican American adolescents' drug use norms and behaviors. Results are presented based on surveys completed by Mexican-background students from 35 Phoenix. Arizona middle schools, whose enrollment ranged from a numerical minority to an overwhelming majority. Multivaria…
Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity as Predictors of Drug Norms and Drug Use Among Preadolescents in the US Southwest
This article reports the results of research exploring how ethnicity and ethnic identity may "protect" adolescents against drug use and help them form antidrug use norms. This study was conducted in 1998 and is based on a sample of 4364 mostly Mexican American seventh graders residing in a large southwestern city of diverse acculturation statuses. It aims at testing existing findings by conducting the research within the unique geographic and eth…
Acculturation Status and Substance Use Prevention with Mexican and Mexican-American Youth
This study examined whether language preference, as an indicator of acculturation, moderated the effects of a culturally grounded substance use prevention intervention for Mexican and Mexican American middle school students (N = 2,146) in Phoenix, Arizona. The main hypothesis was that levels of program effectiveness would vary based on the language preference of the students and the specific culturally grounded version of the intervention they we…
God forbid! Substance use among religious and nonreligious youth
Among a predominantly Mexican and Mexican American sample of preadolescents, religiosity protected against lifetime alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use and recent alcohol and cigarette use when religious affiliation was controlled. When religiosity was controlled, however, adolescents with no religious affiliation and adolescents who were religiously affiliated reported similar substance use outcomes. Interaction effects demonstrated that the p…
The Implications of Ecologically Based Assessment for Primary Prevention with Indigenous Youth Populations
Who Is Offering and How Often? Gender Differences in Drug Offers Among American Indian Adolescents of the Southwest
This exploratory study examines gender differences in the patterns of drug offers among a sample of 71 American Indian middle school students. Participants respond to an inventory of drug-related problem situations specific to the cultural contexts of Southwestern American Indian youth. They are asked to consider the frequency of drug offers from specific groups in their social networks and the difficulty associated with refusing drugs from vario…
Ethnicity versus Ethnic Identity
Although researchers often incorporate various measures of ethnicity and ethnic identity (EI) into research about substance use, the relationships among ethnicity, EI, and substance use remain unclear (Marsiglia, Kulis, & Hecht, 2001; Phinney, 1996). This paper explores whether ethnicity and three EI instruments are useful in predicting substance use outcomes among three samples of ethnically diverse middle school youth. Findings include that age…
The Efficacy of a Multicultural Prevention Intervention among Urban American Indian Youth in the Southwest U.S
Culturally Specific Youth Substance Abuse Resistance Skills
This study tests the applicability among adolescents in Mexico of the keepin' it REAL (refuse, explain, avoid, and leave) strategies that are common and effective ways that U.S. youth resist substance use. Following a social learning, communication competence and ecological theory integrated approach, the study draws on self-reported questionnaire data from a non-probability sample of 327 adolescents attending two public high schools in Monterrey…
Neighborhood Effects on Youth Substance Use in a Southwestern City
This study examines neighborhood influences on alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use among a predominantly Latino middle school sample. Drawing on theories of immigrant adaptation and segmented assimilation, the authors test whether neighborhood immigrant, ethnic, and socioeconomic composition, violent crime, residential instability, and family structure have differential effects on substance use among youth from different ethnic and acculturatio…
Psychology (40 works) · Sociology (29 works) · Medicine (22 works) · Psychiatry (21 works) · Ethnic group (20 works) · Clinical Psychology (19 works) · Developmental psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (18 works) · Clinical Psychology (16 works) · Political science (16 works)