William D S Killgore
Biographic Data
| ID | 6540769 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William D S Killgore |
| GIVEN NAMES | William D S |
| FAMILY NAME | Killgore |
| SIGNATURE | KILLGORE W D S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Arizona |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5328-0208 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 2 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Neighborhood-level sleep health and childhood opportunities
Objectives Regional sleep differences may reflect other important indicators of health and well-being. Examining sleep health at the regional level can help inform policies to improve population health. We examined the relationship between neighborhood-level adult sleep health (modeled in this study via adult sleep duration) and other health metrics and multiple indicators of child-relevant opportunity. Methods Data were obtained from the “500 Ci…
Does emotion regulation mediate the relationship between interoception/alexithymia and co-morbid depression/anxiety? Evidence from two independent samples
Improvements in mindfulness, interoceptive and emotional awareness, emotion regulation, and interpersonal emotion management following completion of an online emotional skills training program
Socioemotional skills, such as the ability to recognize, understand, and regulate the emotions of self and others, are associated with both physical and emotional health. The present study tested the effectiveness of a recently validated online training program for increasing these emotional skills in adults. In this study, 448 participants (323 female) were randomly assigned to complete this training program or a placebo control program. Among t…
Lower Levels of Directed Exploration and Reflective Thinking Are Associated With Greater Anxiety and Depression
Anxiety and depression are often associated with strong beliefs that entering specific situations will lead to aversive outcomes - even when these situations are objectively safe and avoiding them reduces well-being. A possible mechanism underlying this maladaptive avoidance behavior is a failure to reflect on: (1) appropriate levels of uncertainty about the situation, and (2) how this uncertainty could be reduced by seeking further information (…
Development and Initial Validation of the Assessment of Sleep Environment (ASE)
The purpose of this study was to develop and test the reliability and validity of a 13-item self-report Assessment of Sleep Environment (ASE). This study investigates the relationship between subjective experiences of environmental factors (light, temperature, safety, noise, comfort, humidity, and smell) and sleep-related parameters (insomnia symptoms, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and control over sleep). The ASE was developed using an iter…
Mental Health During the First Weeks of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the United States
Background: By March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 crisis as a worldwide pandemic and many local governments instituted stay-at-home orders and closed non-essential businesses. Within the United States, tens of millions of workers lost their jobs and financial security during the first few weeks of the national response, in an attempt to slow the global pandemic. Because of the enormity of the pandemic and its potentia…
The Impact of Perceived Sleep, Mood and Alcohol Use on Verbal, Physical and Sexual Assault Experiences among Student Athletes and Student Non-Athletes
Previous research has shown that student athletes are more likely to be involved in a physical altercation or be a victim of verbal, physical and/or sexual abuse than student non-athletes, which can have long-lasting negative effects on mood, behavior and quality of life. In addition, among college students, sleep difficulties are ubiquitous and may deteriorate the unique life experience that university represents. The influences of poor sleep qu…
Psychological resilience during the Covid-19 lockdown
Loneliness
An Embodied Neurocomputational Framework for Organically Integrating Biopsychosocial Processes
OBJECTIVE: Two distinct perspectives-typically referred to as the biopsychosocial and biomedical models-currently guide clinical practice. Although the role of psychosocial factors in contributing to physical and mental health outcomes is widely recognized, the biomedical model remains dominant. This is due in part to (a) the largely nonmechanistic focus of biopsychosocial research and (b) the lack of specificity it currently offers in guiding cl…
The Role of Prefrontal Cortical Surface Area and Volume in Preclinical Suicidal Ideation in a Non-Clinical Sample
Suicidal ideation (SUI) can occur in the absence of concomitant psychiatric diagnoses, and even normal levels can be problematic among individuals experiencing excess stress or lack of social support. The objective of this study was to investigate the neuroanatomical basis of SUI in non-clinical human populations who are within the normal limits of SUI, after accounting for elevated stress and perceived lack of social support. Neuroanatomical dat…
Rested-Baseline Responsivity of the Ventral Striatum Is Associated With Caloric and Macronutrient Intake During One Night of Sleep Deprivation
Background: Sleep loss contributes to obesity through a variety of mechanisms, including neuroendocrine functioning, increased hunger, and increased food intake. Additionally, sleep loss alters functional activation within brain regions associated with reward and behavioral control. However, it remains unknown whether individual differences in baseline neural functioning can predict eating behaviors during total sleep deprivation (TSD). We used f…
Greater cortical thickness within the limbic visceromotor network predicts higher levels of trait emotional awareness
Increases in Emotional Intelligence After an Online Training Program Are Associated With Better Decision-Making on the Iowa Gambling Task
Higher levels of emotional intelligence have been associated with better inter and intrapersonal functioning. In the present study, 59 healthy men and women were randomized into either a three-week online training program targeted to improve emotional intelligence ( n = 29), or a placebo control training program targeted to improve awareness of nonemotional aspects of the environment ( n = 30). Compared to placebo, participants in the emotional i…
Successful Goal-Directed Memory Suppression is Associated With Increased Inter-Hemispheric Coordination Between Right and Left Frontoparietal Control Networks
The neural basis of suppressing conscious access to one's own memories has recently received considerable attention, with several studies suggesting this process engages frontal-parietal cognitive control regions. However, researchers to date have not examined the way right and left hemisphere cognitive control networks coordinate with one another to accomplish this. We had 48 participants (25 female) complete a Think/No Think (T/NT) task for mem…
Unwanted reminders
Emotional Intelligence Partially Mediates the Association between Anxiety Sensitivity and Anxiety Symptoms 1,2
Anxiety Sensitivity (AS), the propensity to fear the somatic, mental, and social consequences of anxiety, is associated with an elevated risk of developing anxiety disorders. It was hypothesized that Emotional Intelligence (EI) might serve as a mediating variable between AS and anxiety symptom expression. Sixty-one healthy adults (30 men, 31 women; M age = 30.4 yr., SD = 8.0), recruited through posted advertisements, completed the Anxiety Sensiti…
Adult Anxiety Disorders in Relation to Trait Anxiety and Perceived Stress in Childhood
It is well established that objective early life stressors increase risk for anxiety disorders and that environmental stressors interact with dispositional factors such as trait anxiety. There is less information on how subjective perception of stress during childhood relates to later clinical anxiety. This study tested whether childhood perceived stress and trait anxiety were independently and interactively associated with adult anxiety disorder…
Sex Differences in Psychological Factors Associated with Social Discounting
The social discounting paradigm is a powerful means of quantifying altruism in humans, who are typically willing to forgo some amount of personal earnings in exchange for increased earnings for another person. The amount of money that people are willing to forgo decreases with increasing social distance. In this study, we examined variables related to sex, intolerance of uncertainty, and empathy, all of which are theorized to affect the social di…
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognition
Sex Differences in Self-Reported Risk-Taking Propensity on the Evaluation of Risks Scale
The Evaluation of Risks scale was recently developed as a self-report inventory for assessing risk-taking propensity, but further validation is necessary because most studies have predominantly included male subjects. Because males commonly exhibit greater risk-taking propensity than females, evidence of such a sex difference on the scale would further support its construct validity. 29 men and 25 women equated for age (range: 18 to 36 years) com…
Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Morningness-Eveningness Traits on Risk-Taking
Individuals differ along a continuum of preference for diurnal activity level, known as Morningness-Eveningness. Individuals low in Morningness traits, i.e., preferring later awakening and bed times, have been shown to score higher on personality traits of impulsiveness and novelty-seeking. No studies have yet examined the association between Morningness-Eveningness and the related construct of risk-taking. Therefore, the present study examined (…
Sex Differences in Cerebral Tissue Volume and Cognitive Performance during Adolescence
Adolescent development is associated with progressive increases in the ratio of cerebral white-to-gray matter volume, but it is unclear how these changes relate to cognitive development and whether they are associated with sex-specific variability in cerebral maturation. We examined sex differences in the relation between cerebral tissue volume and cognitive performance in 30 healthy adolescents (ages 13 to 17 years using morphometric magnetic re…
Academic and Research Interest in Several Approaches to Psychotherapy
Item Response Biases on the Logical Memory Delayed Recognition Subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Iii
We hypothesized that the wording and sequential order of the WMS–III Logical Memory recognition questions may bias subjects toward correct or incorrect responses on specific items. Therefore, we classified each item according to one of three potential sources of bias (yeasaying to proper names, priming of “yes” responses by previous items with similar content, naysaying to unlikely occurrences) and administered the items to 31 subjects who were c…
Sex Differences in Psychological Factors Associated with Social Discounting
The social discounting paradigm is a powerful means of quantifying altruism in humans, who are typically willing to forgo some amount of personal earnings in exchange for increased earnings for another person. The amount of money that people are willing to forgo decreases with increasing social distance. In this study, we examined variables related to sex, intolerance of uncertainty, and empathy, all of which are theorized to affect the social di…
The Affect Grid
The Affect Grid was first published in 1989 as a single-item measure of the two affect dimensions of pleasure-displeasure and arousal-sleepiness; however, over the past decade no subsequent validation studies have been published and no further mention of this potentially useful measure has appeared in the literature. In this study, scores on the Affect Grid were obtained from 284 college students and correlated with scores on the Beck Depression …
The Visual Analogue Mood Scale
The Visual Analogue Mood Scale
Visual analogue mood scales provide extremely rapid, single-item assessment of affective states. This study examined discrimination on a single-item visual analogue depression scale between dysphoric or mildly depressed and nondepressed individuals in a sample of 284 college students. The visual analogue mood scale significantly discriminated subjects by mood category and achieved comparable hit rate, sensitivity, and specificity relative to othe…
Empirically Derived Factor Indices for the Beck Depression Inventory
Factor analytic studies of the Beck Depression Inventory routinely yield a small number of factors that parsimoniously summarize the 21 items of the inventory. To improve the utility of such factor data within clinical or applied research settings, the present study aimed to develop a set of empirically derived depression indices based on the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory. In Study 1, principal-axis factor analysis of the resp…
Academic and Research Interest in Several Approaches to Psychotherapy
Item Response Biases on the Logical Memory Delayed Recognition Subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Iii
We hypothesized that the wording and sequential order of the WMS–III Logical Memory recognition questions may bias subjects toward correct or incorrect responses on specific items. Therefore, we classified each item according to one of three potential sources of bias (yeasaying to proper names, priming of “yes” responses by previous items with similar content, naysaying to unlikely occurrences) and administered the items to 31 subjects who were c…
Item Response Biases on the Logical Memory Delayed Recognition Subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale—III
We hypothesized that the wording and sequential order of the WMS-III Logical Memory recognition questions may bias subjects toward correct or incorrect responses on specific items. Therefore, we classified each item according to one of three potential sources of bias (yeasaying to proper names, priming of "yes" responses by previous items with similar content, naysaying to unlikely occurrences) and administered the items to 31 subjects who were c…
Sex Differences in Cerebral Tissue Volume and Cognitive Performance during Adolescence
Adolescent development is associated with progressive increases in the ratio of cerebral white-to-gray matter volume, but it is unclear how these changes relate to cognitive development and whether they are associated with sex-specific variability in cerebral maturation. We examined sex differences in the relation between cerebral tissue volume and cognitive performance in 30 healthy adolescents (ages 13 to 17 years using morphometric magnetic re…
Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Morningness-Eveningness Traits on Risk-Taking
Individuals differ along a continuum of preference for diurnal activity level, known as Morningness-Eveningness. Individuals low in Morningness traits, i.e., preferring later awakening and bed times, have been shown to score higher on personality traits of impulsiveness and novelty-seeking. No studies have yet examined the association between Morningness-Eveningness and the related construct of risk-taking. Therefore, the present study examined (…
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognition
Sex Differences in Self-Reported Risk-Taking Propensity on the Evaluation of Risks Scale
The Evaluation of Risks scale was recently developed as a self-report inventory for assessing risk-taking propensity, but further validation is necessary because most studies have predominantly included male subjects. Because males commonly exhibit greater risk-taking propensity than females, evidence of such a sex difference on the scale would further support its construct validity. 29 men and 25 women equated for age (range: 18 to 36 years) com…
Adult Anxiety Disorders in Relation to Trait Anxiety and Perceived Stress in Childhood
It is well established that objective early life stressors increase risk for anxiety disorders and that environmental stressors interact with dispositional factors such as trait anxiety. There is less information on how subjective perception of stress during childhood relates to later clinical anxiety. This study tested whether childhood perceived stress and trait anxiety were independently and interactively associated with adult anxiety disorder…
Sex Differences in Psychological Factors Associated with Social Discounting
The social discounting paradigm is a powerful means of quantifying altruism in humans, who are typically willing to forgo some amount of personal earnings in exchange for increased earnings for another person. The amount of money that people are willing to forgo decreases with increasing social distance. In this study, we examined variables related to sex, intolerance of uncertainty, and empathy, all of which are theorized to affect the social di…
Unwanted reminders
Emotional Intelligence Partially Mediates the Association between Anxiety Sensitivity and Anxiety Symptoms 1,2
Anxiety Sensitivity (AS), the propensity to fear the somatic, mental, and social consequences of anxiety, is associated with an elevated risk of developing anxiety disorders. It was hypothesized that Emotional Intelligence (EI) might serve as a mediating variable between AS and anxiety symptom expression. Sixty-one healthy adults (30 men, 31 women; M age = 30.4 yr., SD = 8.0), recruited through posted advertisements, completed the Anxiety Sensiti…
Successful Goal-Directed Memory Suppression is Associated With Increased Inter-Hemispheric Coordination Between Right and Left Frontoparietal Control Networks
The neural basis of suppressing conscious access to one's own memories has recently received considerable attention, with several studies suggesting this process engages frontal-parietal cognitive control regions. However, researchers to date have not examined the way right and left hemisphere cognitive control networks coordinate with one another to accomplish this. We had 48 participants (25 female) complete a Think/No Think (T/NT) task for mem…
Greater cortical thickness within the limbic visceromotor network predicts higher levels of trait emotional awareness
Increases in Emotional Intelligence After an Online Training Program Are Associated With Better Decision-Making on the Iowa Gambling Task
Higher levels of emotional intelligence have been associated with better inter and intrapersonal functioning. In the present study, 59 healthy men and women were randomized into either a three-week online training program targeted to improve emotional intelligence ( n = 29), or a placebo control training program targeted to improve awareness of nonemotional aspects of the environment ( n = 30). Compared to placebo, participants in the emotional i…
An Embodied Neurocomputational Framework for Organically Integrating Biopsychosocial Processes
OBJECTIVE: Two distinct perspectives-typically referred to as the biopsychosocial and biomedical models-currently guide clinical practice. Although the role of psychosocial factors in contributing to physical and mental health outcomes is widely recognized, the biomedical model remains dominant. This is due in part to (a) the largely nonmechanistic focus of biopsychosocial research and (b) the lack of specificity it currently offers in guiding cl…
The Role of Prefrontal Cortical Surface Area and Volume in Preclinical Suicidal Ideation in a Non-Clinical Sample
Suicidal ideation (SUI) can occur in the absence of concomitant psychiatric diagnoses, and even normal levels can be problematic among individuals experiencing excess stress or lack of social support. The objective of this study was to investigate the neuroanatomical basis of SUI in non-clinical human populations who are within the normal limits of SUI, after accounting for elevated stress and perceived lack of social support. Neuroanatomical dat…
Rested-Baseline Responsivity of the Ventral Striatum Is Associated With Caloric and Macronutrient Intake During One Night of Sleep Deprivation
Background: Sleep loss contributes to obesity through a variety of mechanisms, including neuroendocrine functioning, increased hunger, and increased food intake. Additionally, sleep loss alters functional activation within brain regions associated with reward and behavioral control. However, it remains unknown whether individual differences in baseline neural functioning can predict eating behaviors during total sleep deprivation (TSD). We used f…
Psychological resilience during the Covid-19 lockdown
Loneliness
Mental Health During the First Weeks of the Covid-19 Pandemic in the United States
Background: By March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 crisis as a worldwide pandemic and many local governments instituted stay-at-home orders and closed non-essential businesses. Within the United States, tens of millions of workers lost their jobs and financial security during the first few weeks of the national response, in an attempt to slow the global pandemic. Because of the enormity of the pandemic and its potentia…
The Impact of Perceived Sleep, Mood and Alcohol Use on Verbal, Physical and Sexual Assault Experiences among Student Athletes and Student Non-Athletes
Previous research has shown that student athletes are more likely to be involved in a physical altercation or be a victim of verbal, physical and/or sexual abuse than student non-athletes, which can have long-lasting negative effects on mood, behavior and quality of life. In addition, among college students, sleep difficulties are ubiquitous and may deteriorate the unique life experience that university represents. The influences of poor sleep qu…
Psychology (29 works) · Clinical Psychology (17 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Clinical Psychology (13 works) · Psychiatry (13 works) · Developmental psychology (12 works) · Cognition (11 works) · Cognitive psychology (9 works) · Neuroscience (9 works) · Social Psychology (9 works)