William Burke
Biographic Data
| ID | 713239 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William Burke |
| GIVEN NAMES | William |
| FAMILY NAME | Burke |
| SIGNATURE | BURKE W |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Washington |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2914-0560 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 41 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 46 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 41 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1962 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
A Bayesian triple-hurdle model of maize market participation in Zambia
Smallholder participation in agricultural markets is vital for rural development, yet various constraints impede potential gains. We study the subject and make two contributions. First, we introduce a Bayesian triple-hurdle model as an alternative to the frequentist approach, providing researchers with a flexible approach. Second, we analyze determinants of market participation in Zambia, focusing on maize – a staple crop using a Bayesian triple-…
The impact of site-specific soil-test-based extension advice on farm management in Malawi
African immigrants’ favorable preterm birth rates challenge genetic etiology of the Black-White disparity in preterm birth
Background: We examined over a million California birth records for 2010 through 2021 to investigate whether disparities in preterm birth (PTB) by nativity and race support the widely held but hitherto unsubstantiated belief that genetic differences explain the persistent Black-White disparity in PTB. Methods: We examined PTB rates and risk ratios among African-, Caribbean-, and U.S.-born Black women compared to U.S.-born White women. Multivariat…
Values and Practices to Strengthen Genetic Research Partnerships with Indigenous Communities
Genetic datasets lack diversity and include very few data from Indigenous populations. Research models based on equitable partnership have the potential to increase Indigenous participation and have led to successful collaborations. We report here on a meeting of participants in four Indigenous community-university partnerships pursuing research on precision medicine. The goal of the meeting was to define values and practices that strengthen oppo…
Tribal Deliberations about Precision Medicine Research
Deliberative democratic engagement is used around the globe to gather informed public input on contentious collective questions. Yet, rarely has it been used to convene individuals exclusively from Indigenous communities. The relative novelty of using this approach to engage tribal communities and concerns about diversity and inequities raise important methodological questions. We describe the design and quality outcomes for a 2.5-day deliberatio…
Does subsidizing legume seeds improve farm productivity and nutrition in Malawi
Stakeholder Perspectives on Returning Nonactionable Apolipoprotein L1 (Apol1) Genetic Results to African American Research Participants
Conclusions: APOL1 results should be offered to participants. Responsibly fulfilling this offer requires careful identification of best communication practices, broader education about the topic, and ongoing community engagement
Disparate access to quality land and fertilizers explain Malawi’s gender yield gap
Nitrogen efficiency by soil quality and management regimes on Malawi farms
Maize is the primary economic and dietary staple crop for most poor farmers in Southern Africa, yet low yields have persisted in the region for decades. Intensifying maize production in a sustainable way using the same land will be increasingly important as virgin land becomes scarcer and fallowing becomes less common. This study investigates the sustainability of intensification underway in the African smallholder sector using a uniquely detaile…
The Quiet Rise of Large-Scale Trading Firms in East and Southern Africa
You Actually View Us as the Experts in Our Own System
This study highlights that the concept of "bidirectional" learning as it is usually presented in the literature fails to capture the complexity of how partnerships work
Perceptions of alcohol misuse among Alaska native health care system stakeholders
Although alcohol misuse is a priority for health care systems serving Alaska Native and American Indian (ANAI) people, stakeholders' perceptions of misuse are understudied. Patients ( n = 34), providers ( n = 20), and leaders ( n = 16) at a Tribally owned and operated health care system reported that alcohol misuse results from the interaction of factors, including colonization, structural factors, social alienation, social norms about overdrinki…
Access and Management
As genomic researchers are encouraged to engage in broad genomic data sharing, American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian (AI/AN/NH) leaders have raised questions about ownership of data and biospecimens and concerns over emerging challenges and potential threats to tribal sovereignty. Using a community-engaged research approach, we conducted 42 semi-structured interviews with tribal leaders, clinicians, researchers, policy makers, and tribal …
Can Precision Medicine Reduce the Burden of Diabetes
Precision medicine is a new health care concept intended to hasten progress toward individualized treatment and, in so doing, to improve everyone's opportunity to enjoy good health. Yet, this concept pays scant attention to opportunities for change in the social determinants that are the major drivers of health. Precision medicine research is likely to generate improvements in medical care but may have the unintended consequence of worsening exis…
Understanding fertilizer adoption and effectiveness on maize in Zambia
Increased fertilizer use will likely be crucial for raising and sustaining farm productivity in Africa, but adoption may be limited by ineffectiveness under certain conditions. This article quantifies the impacts of soil characteristics on maize response to fertilizer in Zambia using a nationally representative sample of 1453 fields, combining economic, farm management and soil analysis data. Depending on soil regimes, average maize yield respons…
The Quiet Rise of Large-Scale Trading Firms in East and Southern Africa
The share of smallholder-produced maize sold to large-scale traders (LSTs) has increased from virtually nil 10 years ago to 12 per cent and 37 per cent in Zambia and Kenya, respectively. We examine the causes and consequences of this transformation. LST investment has responded to growing market demand as well as to changes in farm structure and has been especially prominent in areas where medium-scale farms are concentrated. After controlling fo…
Experiences of patients seeking to participate in variant of uncertain significance reclassification research
Female access to fertile land and other inputs in Zambia
Responsible Research With Urban American Indians and Alaska Natives
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities harbor understandable mistrust of research. Outside researchers have historically controlled processes, promulgating conclusions and recommended policies with virtually no input from the communities studied. Reservation-based communities can apply sovereignty rights conferred by the federal government to change this research trajectory. Many tribes now require review and approval before allowi…
North Pacific Fisheries Management
In anticipation of the UN Conference of the Law of the Sea taking place in 1973, Dr Kasahara and Dr Burke of the University of Washington first published North Pacific Fisheries Management earlier that year. The conference brought fishery territories to a global stage with delegates that may not be as informed about ocean issues as those previously making decisions. Therefore the Program of International Studies of Fishery Arrangements was create…
Partnership with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action - Volume 10, Issue 2, Summer 2016
Partnership with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
We have created an academic-community partnership to ensure CSKT community input and to share decision making about pharmacogenetic research. Our CBPR approach may be a model for engaging AI/AN people, and other underserved populations, in genetic research
Spatial equilibrium and price transmission between Southern African maize markets connected by informal trade
Pathways into and out of Poverty
This study identifies the factors associated with smallholder farm households that have risen out of poverty or descended into poverty between 1997 and 2007 in Kenya. The study uses data from a nationwide balanced panel of 1,275 households and data from detailed retrospective ‘life history’ survey of 84 households that had experienced either an appreciable improvement or decline in their asset wealth over the 10-year panel period. The results ind…
Risk, Reward, and the Double-Edged Sword
Objectives. Pharmacogenetic research and clinical testing raise important concerns for individuals and communities, especially where past medical research and practice has perpetrated harm and cultivated distrust of health care systems and clinicians. We investigated perceptions of pharmacogenetics among Alaska Native (AN) people. Methods. We held four focus groups for 32 ANs in south central Alaska to elicit views about pharmacogenetics in gener…
Glad You Asked
No consensus exists about when researchers need additional participant consent (reconsent) to submit existing data to the federal database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Re-consent for submission of their data to dbGaP was sought from 1,340 study participants, 1,159 (86%) of whom agreed. We invited the first 400 of those who agreed to complete a telephone survey about their reasoning for their consent decision and their satisfaction with th…
Jewish identity and intentions to obtain breast cancer screening
This study explored the associations between 2 dimensions of Jewish identity (cultural identification and religious practice) and intentions to perform breast cancer screening. Ashkenazi Jewish women (N = 220) completed surveys as part of an ongoing study of breast cancer risk counseling. Multiple regressions examined the relationships between the 2 identity measures and intention to follow routine recommendations for mammography, intention to pe…
Disparate access to quality land and fertilizers explain Malawi’s gender yield gap
Nitrogen efficiency by soil quality and management regimes on Malawi farms
Maize is the primary economic and dietary staple crop for most poor farmers in Southern Africa, yet low yields have persisted in the region for decades. Intensifying maize production in a sustainable way using the same land will be increasingly important as virgin land becomes scarcer and fallowing becomes less common. This study investigates the sustainability of intensification underway in the African smallholder sector using a uniquely detaile…
Understanding fertilizer adoption and effectiveness on maize in Zambia
Increased fertilizer use will likely be crucial for raising and sustaining farm productivity in Africa, but adoption may be limited by ineffectiveness under certain conditions. This article quantifies the impacts of soil characteristics on maize response to fertilizer in Zambia using a nationally representative sample of 1453 fields, combining economic, farm management and soil analysis data. Depending on soil regimes, average maize yield respons…
Female access to fertile land and other inputs in Zambia
From Leaky Pipeline to Irrigation System
Viewing minority students as agents for community engagement allows institutions to reassess the role training can play in diversifying participation in higher education and research. An irrigation model supports development of an infrastructure that optimizes success at all post-secondary levels, and enhances CBPR capacity wherever trainees live, work, and learn. Linking formal education to informal learning in context of CBPR experiences can al…
Responsible Research With Urban American Indians and Alaska Natives
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities harbor understandable mistrust of research. Outside researchers have historically controlled processes, promulgating conclusions and recommended policies with virtually no input from the communities studied. Reservation-based communities can apply sovereignty rights conferred by the federal government to change this research trajectory. Many tribes now require review and approval before allowi…
Partnership with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action - Volume 10, Issue 2, Summer 2016
Partnership with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
We have created an academic-community partnership to ensure CSKT community input and to share decision making about pharmacogenetic research. Our CBPR approach may be a model for engaging AI/AN people, and other underserved populations, in genetic research
Diverse Perceptions of the Informed Consent Process
We examined the experiences, perceptions, and values that are brought to bear when individuals from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds consider participating in health research. Fifty‐three women from Latino, Asian American, Middle Eastern, or Non‐Latino, White backgrounds participated in seven English or Spanish focus groups facilitated by trained investigators using a standard protocol. Investigators described the National Children's Stu…
The impact of site-specific soil-test-based extension advice on farm management in Malawi
Does subsidizing legume seeds improve farm productivity and nutrition in Malawi
Spatial equilibrium and price transmission between Southern African maize markets connected by informal trade
Researcher Perspectives on Disclosure of Incidental Findings in Genetic Research
Genetic research can produce information that is beyond the aims of the research study yet may be of clinical or personal interest to study participants. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 44 researchers who were asked to describe how they would respond to a hypothetical vignette regarding the disclosure of findings with unanticipated clinical significance to research study participants. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using co…
Creative Response and Adaptive Response In Japanese Society
Japan's Entrance into the International Financial Community
The Management of Marine Regions: The North Pacific
Jewish identity and intentions to obtain breast cancer screening
Jewish identity and intentions to obtain breast cancer screening
This study explored the associations between 2 dimensions of Jewish identity (cultural identification and religious practice) and intentions to perform breast cancer screening. Ashkenazi Jewish women (N = 220) completed surveys as part of an ongoing study of breast cancer risk counseling. Multiple regressions examined the relationships between the 2 identity measures and intention to follow routine recommendations for mammography, intention to pe…
That's like chopping off a finger because you're afraid it might get broken
Effects of counseling Ashkenazi Jewish women about breast cancer risk.
Effects of counseling Ashkenazi Jewish women about breast cancer risk
The goal of this study was to determine whether genetic counseling or psychosocial group counseling provided to Ashkenazi women can reduce breast cancer worry, cancer risk perception, and interest in having genetic testing. Women (N=211) were randomized to receive individual genetic risk counseling, to receive a group psychosocial group counseling, or to serve as a control group. The authors found that both counseling methods reduced cancer worry…
How do Aesthetics Affect our Ecology
Beauty is a powerful force that affects both our emotions and our ecological practices, yet aesthetic values remain understated and under-discussed in ecology. Here we invite discussion about the influence of beauty on ecological research by outlining: 1) how aesthetics affect the practice of ecology, and 2) how aesthetics affect the implementation of ecological research on the landscape. The aesthetic sensibilities of ecologists develop through …
Testing Minors for Breast Cancer
Case Mrs. Freeman is a lawyer and mother of two daughters. During her morning shower one day, she was surprised to feel a small, hard mass in her left breast. After having a mammogram, she underwent a core biopsy and was diagnosed with a 2-centimeter invasive ductal carcinoma. Because Mrs. Freeman is only 34, her physician thought that she might have a genetic mutation that would greatly increase her chance of developing breast cancer. She asked …
Fitting and Interpreting Cragg's Tobit Alternative using Stata
In this article, I introduce the user-written command craggit, which simultaneously fits both tiers of Cragg's (1971, Econometrica 39: 829–844) “two-tier” (sometimes called “two-stage” or “double-hurdle”) alternative to tobit for corner-solution models. A key limitation to the tobit model is that the probability of a positive value and the actual value, given that it is positive, are determined by the same underlying process (i.e., the same param…
Duty to Warn At-Risk Family Members of Genetic Disease
a healthy, 31-year-old administrative assistant with three sisters and a mother who had died in her 40s from complications of breast cancer. After reading online that breast cancer can run in the family, Ms. Holmes decided to ask her primary care physician, Dr. Wagner, about options for genetic testing. Together, they concluded that Ms. Holmes should be tested for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, two genes associated with increased risk for breast a…
Glad You Asked
No consensus exists about when researchers need additional participant consent (reconsent) to submit existing data to the federal database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Re-consent for submission of their data to dbGaP was sought from 1,340 study participants, 1,159 (86%) of whom agreed. We invited the first 400 of those who agreed to complete a telephone survey about their reasoning for their consent decision and their satisfaction with th…
Researcher Perspectives on Disclosure of Incidental Findings in Genetic Research
Genetic research can produce information that is beyond the aims of the research study yet may be of clinical or personal interest to study participants. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 44 researchers who were asked to describe how they would respond to a hypothetical vignette regarding the disclosure of findings with unanticipated clinical significance to research study participants. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using co…
From Leaky Pipeline to Irrigation System
Viewing minority students as agents for community engagement allows institutions to reassess the role training can play in diversifying participation in higher education and research. An irrigation model supports development of an infrastructure that optimizes success at all post-secondary levels, and enhances CBPR capacity wherever trainees live, work, and learn. Linking formal education to informal learning in context of CBPR experiences can al…
Diverse Perceptions of the Informed Consent Process
We examined the experiences, perceptions, and values that are brought to bear when individuals from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds consider participating in health research. Fifty‐three women from Latino, Asian American, Middle Eastern, or Non‐Latino, White backgrounds participated in seven English or Spanish focus groups facilitated by trained investigators using a standard protocol. Investigators described the National Children's Stu…
Pathways into and out of Poverty
This study identifies the factors associated with smallholder farm households that have risen out of poverty or descended into poverty between 1997 and 2007 in Kenya. The study uses data from a nationwide balanced panel of 1,275 households and data from detailed retrospective ‘life history’ survey of 84 households that had experienced either an appreciable improvement or decline in their asset wealth over the 10-year panel period. The results ind…
Risk, Reward, and the Double-Edged Sword
Objectives. Pharmacogenetic research and clinical testing raise important concerns for individuals and communities, especially where past medical research and practice has perpetrated harm and cultivated distrust of health care systems and clinicians. We investigated perceptions of pharmacogenetics among Alaska Native (AN) people. Methods. We held four focus groups for 32 ANs in south central Alaska to elicit views about pharmacogenetics in gener…
Spatial equilibrium and price transmission between Southern African maize markets connected by informal trade
North Pacific Fisheries Management
In anticipation of the UN Conference of the Law of the Sea taking place in 1973, Dr Kasahara and Dr Burke of the University of Washington first published North Pacific Fisheries Management earlier that year. The conference brought fishery territories to a global stage with delegates that may not be as informed about ocean issues as those previously making decisions. Therefore the Program of International Studies of Fishery Arrangements was create…
Partnership with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action - Volume 10, Issue 2, Summer 2016
Partnership with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
We have created an academic-community partnership to ensure CSKT community input and to share decision making about pharmacogenetic research. Our CBPR approach may be a model for engaging AI/AN people, and other underserved populations, in genetic research
The Quiet Rise of Large-Scale Trading Firms in East and Southern Africa
The share of smallholder-produced maize sold to large-scale traders (LSTs) has increased from virtually nil 10 years ago to 12 per cent and 37 per cent in Zambia and Kenya, respectively. We examine the causes and consequences of this transformation. LST investment has responded to growing market demand as well as to changes in farm structure and has been especially prominent in areas where medium-scale farms are concentrated. After controlling fo…
Experiences of patients seeking to participate in variant of uncertain significance reclassification research
Female access to fertile land and other inputs in Zambia
Medicine (20 works) · Political science (16 works) · Psychology (14 works) · Biology (11 works) · Economics (11 works) · Ethics in Clinical Research (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Geography (10 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Agricultural economics (8 works)