Robin R Milhausen
Biographic Data
| ID | 76602 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robin R Milhausen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robin R |
| FAMILY NAME | Milhausen |
| SIGNATURE | MILHAUSEN R R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Guelph |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2791-9626 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 69 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 459 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 30 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Changes in marital relationships over the course of the Covid ‐19 pandemic
Mindfulness networks
Interest in mindfulness in the field of romantic relationships is growing. Drawing from a Self‐Determination Theory (SDT) perspective—which proposes that the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness are foundational for well‐being—we attempted to map out the complex associations between mindfulness, self‐compassion, other‐compassion, basic need fulfillment in relationships, and increased relationship and sexual satisfac…
Romantic Partner Engagement in Muscle-Strengthening Physical Activity
Physical activity is generally regarded as imperative to good health. Given the many health benefits of physical activity and the inclusion of muscle-strengthening physical activity (MSPA) in public health guidelines, an understanding of how romantic partners might foster or inhibit MSPA may be useful in promoting health and relationship quality. This study qualitatively explored how participants (young adults in long-term, dyadic heterosexual re…
Motives between the Sheets
Reasons for sex are associated with sexual and relational outcomes. This study investigated reasons for sex at last sex, with a focus on obligation (an avoidance motivation) and doing something nice for a partner (an approach motivation), and their associations with sexual and relationship satisfaction, while controlling for marital duration, age, and sexual desire. We investigated these reasons among married, midlife Canadian women ( n = 324), m…
Motivations for Engaging in Consensually Non-Monogamous Relationships
A Cross-Country Comparison of Reasons for Condom Use during Menses
Objectives: Despite evidence that menstrual bleeding is a risk factor for sexually transmissible infections, few studies have assessed the prevalence of, and reasons for, condom use during menses. The objectives of the present study were to examine (1) the prevalence of condom use during menses; (2) if condom use during menses varies depending on age and gender inequality of country of residence; and (3) whether age and gender inequality of count…
What happens in Banff, stays in Banff’
Tourism destinations are contexts which are often characterised by unique norms for social and sexual behaviours which have implications for health and wellbeing. The purpose of this qualitative study was twofold: (1) to describe the sexual risk behaviours of young tourism workers (TWs), and (2) to explore socio-contextual factors pertaining to safer sex among TWs. Banff, Canada was the study site. Twenty-nine TWs were recruited and interviewed i…
Attitudes, Beliefs, and Cognitions
The scale items were derived from open-ended interviews about sexual attitudes with heterosexual and homosexual couples. The Attitudes Toward Sexuality Scale (ATSS) was developed to allow the comparison of the sexual attitudes of adolescents between the ages of 12 and 20 and their parents. Items from Calderwood’s Checklist of Attitudes Toward Human Sexuality were modified and an objective scoring system was added. The result was a brief, general …
Sexually Explicit Material and Online Sexual Activity
People have different thoughts and feelings about online sexual activities (OSA). Convergent and divergent validity of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale were established in relation to hypersexuality, impulsivity, compulsivity, relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and beliefs about the changeability of sexual life. Moreover, in a sample of heterosexual students, attitudes toward OSA uniquely predicted arousal-oriented OSA e…
Pleasure, Satisfaction, and Orgasm
The New Sexual Satisfaction Scale are multi-dimensional self-report scales designed to measure sexual satisfaction in both clinical and non-clinical samples. The Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction (IEMSS) Questionnaire assesses the components of the IEMSS, a conceptual framework for understanding sexual satisfaction within relationships. Orgasmic Consistency Scale assesses the consistency of female orgasm during partnered sexual …
Abuse and Pedophilia
The Child Sexual Abuse Scale is a self-report instrument that was developed to measure the occurrence of childhood sexual abuse in adolescent and adult populations. The Empathy for Children Scale was developed to measure an individual’s cognitive and emotional empathy for child victims by rating 75 short statements regarding intensity of feelings, thoughts, and behaviours on a 5-point Likert scale. Three scenarios are used: assessing empathy with…
Adolescents
Adolescents’ Attitudes About Sexual Relationship Rights (SRR) is a 10-item self-report measure of adolescents’ attitudes about their rights in a sexual relationship with a steady partner. It includes two subscales measuring rights to refuse unwanted sexual activity and to express sexual engagement needs. The SRR is intended for use with adolescents regardless of gender, race/ethnicity, relationship experience, sexual experience, and sexual orient…
Gender Identity
The three core items capture sex assigned at birth, gender identity, and lived gender, with the lived gender item completed only by the subset of participants who do not check male–male or female–female for the first two items. The Multidimensional Sex/Gender Measure is a flexible multi-item measure to capture dimensions of sex and gender. The Genderqueer Identity Scale is designed to assess identification and expression of genderqueer and non-bi…
Sociosexuality and Sexual Sensation Seeking
The construct of sociosexuality or sociosexual orientation captures individual differences in the tendency to have casual, uncommitted sexual relationships. The Sociosexual Orientation Inventory has been successfully applied in many published studies from fields as diverse as social, personality, and evolutionary psychology, sexuality research, gender studies, biological anthropology, and cross-cultural research. The Sexual Sensation Seeking Scal…
Sexual Function, Dysfunction, and Difficulties
Assessment of sexual functioning is an important component in many clinical encounters, and in research settings it is increasingly of interest with regard to side effects of new medications. The Sexual Self Efficacy Scale—Erectile Functioning is a brief self-report measure of the cognitive dimension of erectile functioning and adjustment in men. The Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire was developed from patient complaints of sexual dysfu…
Affect and Emotions
The importance of assessing affect to facilitate a better understanding of the relationship between feelings and sexual behaviors, attitudes, and norms has been highlighted by the findings of several researchers. As such, the First Coital Affective Reaction Scale (FCARS) was developed to assess subjects’ reported affective reactions to their first coital experience. Scales used by Byrne et al. and Weis, in their assessment of affect, stimulated t…
Families and Sexuality
The purpose of the Parenting Outcome Expectancy Scale (POES) is to measure the parent’s expectations about the outcomes associated with talking with his/her adolescent about sex-related topics. The POES includes items measuring only self-evaluative and social outcome expectancy (OE) because there are no direct physical OEs that can be associated with discussions about sexuality. In a descriptive study of correlates of sexuality communication, the…
Motivations
The Sexual Motivation Scale is a 24-item self-report measure of the six types of self-regulation proposed by self-determination theory (SDT) in the context of sexual activities: intrinsic motivation, four types of extrinsic motivation (i.e., external, introjected, identified, and integrated), and amotivation. SDT is a broad framework of motivation that delineates internal and external sources of motivation and their role in development and well-b…
Sexual Prejudice
According to the “differences as deficits model” of sexual prejudice, sexual minorities tend to be devalued and tend to be viewed more negatively in comparison to heterosexuals. Recent scholars have conceptualized attitudes toward lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals as multidimensional and wide-ranging. The LGB-Knowledge and Attitudes Scale (KAS) measures respondents’ attitudes and knowledge regarding LGB individuals. The LGB-KAS subscal…
Communication
The Dyadic Sexual Communication Scale (DSC) is a Likert-type scale assessing respondents’ perceptions of the communication process encompassing sexual relationships. The Health Protective Sexual Communication Scale (HPSC) is a self-report scale that assesses how often respondents discuss health protective topics while interacting with a new, first-time sexual partner. The Weighted Topics Measure of Family Sexual Communication (WTM) was developed …
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
The Sexual Self-Concept Inventory was designed to assess the gender-specific sexual self-concepts of early adolescent girls based on extensive formative work with ethnically diverse samples. The Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire was developed based on prior work on individual differences in sexuality. The Sexuality Scale is an objective, self-report instrument measuring three aspects of human sexuality: sexual esteem, sexual depr…
Sexual Comfort and Erotophobia/Erotophilia
The Sexual Anxiety Scale was developed to assess individuals’ affective response to sexual cues, or erotophobia/philia. Erotophobia–erotophilia is a construct representing individual differences in learned affective and evaluative responses to sexual cues spanning a negative (erotophobia) to positive (erotophilia) continuum. Erotophobia–erotophilia is a hypothetical personality construct representing a positive-to-negative evaluative response to …
Desire and Interest
Sexual pleasure, satisfaction, and discrepancies between levels of sexual desire or desired frequency of sexual activity have become important areas of focus in sexuality research. Examining multifaceted sexual desire, and whether the factors that make up sexual desire are different between individuals and/or change across context and time remain interesting directions for future work. The Female Sexual Desire Questionnaire was designed to measur…
Gender Roles, Norms, and Expressions
The Women’s Nontraditional Sexuality Questionnaire is based on the Gender Role Strain Paradigm (GRSP) which posits that girls internalize dominant expectations for traditional femininity and experience psychological stress, strain, and conflict as they navigate a binary gendered world. The Male Role Norms Inventory (MRNI) is a measure of masculinity ideologies, a central construct in the GRSP. The Femininity Ideology Scale was created to measure …
Arousal and Arousability
The Sexual Arousability Inventory and the Sexuality Arousability Inventory—Expanded measure sexual arousability and anxiety. Construct validity of the Arousability scale has been demonstrated by consistently high correlations with four criterion variables: awareness of physiological changes during sexual arousal, satisfaction with sexual responsiveness, frequency of intercourse, and total episodes of intercourse before marriage. Small positive co…
Dominant Heterosexual Sexual Scripts in Emerging Adulthood
Sexual script research (Simon & Gagnon 1969 , 1986 ) bourgeoned following Simon and Gagnon's groundbreaking work. Empirical measurement of sexual script adherence has been limited, however, as no measures exist that have undergone rigorous development and validation. We conducted three studies to examine current dominant sexual scripts of heterosexual adults and to develop a measure of endorsement of these scripts. In Study 1, we conducted three …
Does the sexual double standard still exist? Perceptions of university women
Conflicting research findings regarding the sexual double standard have led to much debate over its existence in North American society. Using a diversity of measures, 165 women at a Canadian university were surveyed to determine their perceptions and behaviors regarding the sexual double standard. The normative belief that men are rewarded for having a high number of sexual partners, whereas women are penalized for similar behavior is one major …
Turning On and Turning Off
Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures
This classic and invaluable reference handbook, written for sex researchers and their students, has now been completely revised in a new, fourth edition. It remains the only easy and efficient way for researchers to learn about, evaluate, and compare instruments that have previously been used in sex research.
Factors Influencing University Students’ Explicit and Implicit Sexual Double Standards
Quantitative research has resulted in inconsistent evidence for the existence of a sexual double standard, leading Crawford and Popp ( 2003 ) to issue a call for methodological innovation. The implicit association test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ) is a measure that may provide a means to examine the double standard without the contamination of the demand characteristics and social desirability biases that plague self-report researc…
Infidelity in Heterosexual Couples
The Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women
Reasons for sex and relational outcomes in consensually nonmonogamous and monogamous relationships
Approximately 4% of individuals in North America participate in consensually nonmonogamous (CNM) relationships, wherein all partners have agreed to additional sexual and/or emotional partnerships. The CNM relationships are stigmatized and viewed as less stable and satisfying than monogamous relationships, a perception that persists despite research evidence. In our study, we assess the legitimacy of this negative perception by using a self-determ…
A Qualitative Exploration of Factors That Affect Sexual Desire Among Men Aged 30 to 65 in Long-Term Relationships
Few empirical studies have explored men's experiences of sexual desire, particularly in the context of long-term relationships. The objective of the current study was to investigate the factors that elicit and inhibit men's sexual desire. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 30 men between the ages of 30 and 65 (average age 42.83 years) currently in long-term heterosexual relationships (average duration 13 years 4 months). Analysis was c…
Predicting Sexual Problems in Women
Relationships Between Body Image, Body Composition, Sexual Functioning, and Sexual Satisfaction Among Heterosexual Young Adults
Validation of the Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women and Men
Motivations for Engaging in Consensually Non-Monogamous Relationships
The Relationship Between Body Image and Sexual Functioning Among Gay and Bisexual Men
Gay and bisexual men report high body dissatisfaction compared to heterosexual counterparts, but no studies to date have examined how this may impact their sexual functioning. The present study investigated body image domains as predictors of sexual functioning problems (inhibited desire, erectile dysfunction, and premature ejaculation) among an online community sample of 185 gay and bisexual men, ages 18-40. Participants reported moderate to hig…
The Positive Impact of Technology on Young Gay Men's Dating and Sexual Relationships in Canada
As technology use among gay men is increasing, investigation of the impact of technology on sexual and romantic relationships is warranted. The purpose of the current analysis was to explore the positive aspects of technology use among a community sample of young, Canadian gay men. Nine focus groups were held; transcripts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) approach to thematic analysis. Participants described benefits related to findin…
Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women (Sesii-W) in a Sample of Lesbian and Bisexual Women
The Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women (SESII-W) assesses propensities for sexual excitation (SE) and inhibition (SI). Previous research utilizing the SESII-W included samples comprised exclusively or almost entirely of heterosexual women. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SESII-W and assess its relation to aspects of sexual function within a sample of lesbian and bisexual women. The …
A Qualitative Comparison of Young Women's Maintained versus Decreased Sexual Desire in Longer-Term Relationships
The present study investigated sexual desire in young, heterosexual women in longer-term relationships. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who self-identified as belonging to one of two study groups: "the passion is still alive" (Mean age = 24.0 years, n = 10) or "wondering where the passion has gone" (Mean age = 24.8 years, n = 10). Analysis was conducted using grounded theory methodology to investigate experiences of wo…
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Female Sexual Function Index
The Female Sexual Functioning Index (Rosen et al., 2000 ) was designed to assess the key dimensions of female sexual functioning using six domains: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. A full-scale score was proposed to represent women's overall sexual function. The fifth revision to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) is currently underway and includes a proposal to combine desire and arousal problems. The object…
Do Associations Between Pleasure Ratings and Condom Use During Penile–Vaginal Intercourse Vary by Relationship Type
Research suggests the relationship between pleasure and condom use during penile-vaginal intercourse (PVI) is associated with relationship status. This online study examined pleasure ratings and condom use at last PVI, stratifying by partner type, among a national sample of Canadian university students. Participants were 715 undergraduates (60.7% women, 39.3% men) who reported on their most recent sexual experience. Condom use decreased with leve…
Sexual Identity and Sexual Well-Being in Female Heterosexual University Students
A theory‐based approach to understanding sexual behavior at Mardi Gras
Using the Triandis Model of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB), we considered the unique context of Mardi Gras, the annual festival in New Orleans, Louisiana, and how it might influence sexual behavior. This study utilized a two-stage, qualitative and quantitative methodological framework. Focus groups of past Mardi Gras participants were held to gather data to inform the development of the study instruments, and data were subsequently collected from 3…
The Impact of a Couple's Vibrator on Men's Perceptions of Their Own and Their Partner's Sexual Pleasure and Satisfaction
Recent research demonstrated that more men, particularly those in couple relationships, are using vibrators to enhance sexual pleasure. However, men's perceptions of vibrator use with a partner have rarely been investigated. The purpose of this analysis was to study men's perceptions of the impact of vibrator use on their and their partner's sexual pleasure and sexual satisfaction. Forty-nine men, aged twenty-five to fifty-eight, in heterosexual …
Public Opinion About Condoms for HIV and STD Prevention
Public opinion appears to support the provision of correct condom use information in Indiana public schools. Schools should consider providing only medically accurate information about condoms and including condoms in instruction so students can see and touch them
Motives between the Sheets
Reasons for sex are associated with sexual and relational outcomes. This study investigated reasons for sex at last sex, with a focus on obligation (an avoidance motivation) and doing something nice for a partner (an approach motivation), and their associations with sexual and relationship satisfaction, while controlling for marital duration, age, and sexual desire. We investigated these reasons among married, midlife Canadian women ( n = 324), m…
Does the sexual double standard still exist? Perceptions of university women
Conflicting research findings regarding the sexual double standard have led to much debate over its existence in North American society. Using a diversity of measures, 165 women at a Canadian university were surveyed to determine their perceptions and behaviors regarding the sexual double standard. The normative belief that men are rewarded for having a high number of sexual partners, whereas women are penalized for similar behavior is one major …
Reconceptualizing the Sexual Double Standard
This study analyzes the prevalence of the sexual double standard using a diversity of measures. It distinguishes between the perception of the double standard at the societal level and one's personal acceptance of it. Young people (N = 413), ranging in age from 18 to 28, from three university classes and two community-based dating bars in Canada were surveyed to determine their attitudes and behaviors regarding the double standard. The majority o…
Rural and Nonrural African American High School Students and STD/HIV Sexual-Risk Behaviors
African American rural adolescents, particularly females, may have greater risk for STD/HIV infection than do their nonrural counterparts
Turning On and Turning Off
Public Opinion About Condoms for HIV and STD Prevention
Public opinion appears to support the provision of correct condom use information in Indiana public schools. Schools should consider providing only medically accurate information about condoms and including condoms in instruction so students can see and touch them
Public Opinion About Condoms for HIV and STD Prevention
Women Who Put Condoms on Male Partners
A theory‐based approach to understanding sexual behavior at Mardi Gras
Using the Triandis Model of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB), we considered the unique context of Mardi Gras, the annual festival in New Orleans, Louisiana, and how it might influence sexual behavior. This study utilized a two-stage, qualitative and quantitative methodological framework. Focus groups of past Mardi Gras participants were held to gather data to inform the development of the study instruments, and data were subsequently collected from 3…
The Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women
Frequency of sex after an intervention to decrease sexual risk‐taking among African‐American adolescent girls
Many controversies surround sex education in the United States. One particular issue of contention is whether comprehensive sexuality education increases frequency of sexual intercourse among program participants. The current investigation examined frequency of vaginal sexual intercourse in a sample of 522 sexually experienced African‐American adolescent females between the ages of 14 and 18 (mean = 16.0 years, standard deviation = 1.22). Partici…
Predicting Sexual Problems in Women
Incomplete Use of Condoms
Development of the Sexual Sensation-Seeking Scale for African American Adolescent Women
We used data derived from two independent studies to examine the psychometric properties of a new scale to measure adolescents’ willingness to engage in sexual sensation-seeking behavior. In Study 1, the Sexual Sensation-Seeking Scale for Adolescents (SSSA) was administered to a sample of 715 African American adolescents ranging in age from 15 to 21 years. The SSSA demonstrated strong internal consistency, moderate stability, and satisfactory con…
Validation of the Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women and Men
Sexual Identity and Sexual Well-Being in Female Heterosexual University Students
Factors Influencing University Students’ Explicit and Implicit Sexual Double Standards
Quantitative research has resulted in inconsistent evidence for the existence of a sexual double standard, leading Crawford and Popp ( 2003 ) to issue a call for methodological innovation. The implicit association test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ) is a measure that may provide a means to examine the double standard without the contamination of the demand characteristics and social desirability biases that plague self-report researc…
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Female Sexual Function Index
The Female Sexual Functioning Index (Rosen et al., 2000 ) was designed to assess the key dimensions of female sexual functioning using six domains: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. A full-scale score was proposed to represent women's overall sexual function. The fifth revision to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) is currently underway and includes a proposal to combine desire and arousal problems. The object…
Infidelity in Heterosexual Couples
Understanding Problems with Condom Fit and Feel
Dominant Heterosexual Sexual Scripts in Emerging Adulthood
Sexual script research (Simon & Gagnon 1969 , 1986 ) bourgeoned following Simon and Gagnon's groundbreaking work. Empirical measurement of sexual script adherence has been limited, however, as no measures exist that have undergone rigorous development and validation. We conducted three studies to examine current dominant sexual scripts of heterosexual adults and to develop a measure of endorsement of these scripts. In Study 1, we conducted three …
A Qualitative Comparison of Young Women's Maintained versus Decreased Sexual Desire in Longer-Term Relationships
The present study investigated sexual desire in young, heterosexual women in longer-term relationships. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who self-identified as belonging to one of two study groups: "the passion is still alive" (Mean age = 24.0 years, n = 10) or "wondering where the passion has gone" (Mean age = 24.8 years, n = 10). Analysis was conducted using grounded theory methodology to investigate experiences of wo…
Circumcision Status is Not Associated with Condom Use and Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Young Black MSM
The Positive Impact of Technology on Young Gay Men's Dating and Sexual Relationships in Canada
As technology use among gay men is increasing, investigation of the impact of technology on sexual and romantic relationships is warranted. The purpose of the current analysis was to explore the positive aspects of technology use among a community sample of young, Canadian gay men. Nine focus groups were held; transcripts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) approach to thematic analysis. Participants described benefits related to findin…
Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women (Sesii-W) in a Sample of Lesbian and Bisexual Women
The Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women (SESII-W) assesses propensities for sexual excitation (SE) and inhibition (SI). Previous research utilizing the SESII-W included samples comprised exclusively or almost entirely of heterosexual women. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SESII-W and assess its relation to aspects of sexual function within a sample of lesbian and bisexual women. The …
Relationships Between Body Image, Body Composition, Sexual Functioning, and Sexual Satisfaction Among Heterosexual Young Adults
Psychology (59 works) · Social Psychology (33 works) · Developmental psychology (24 works) · Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology (23 works) · Sexual function and dysfunction studies (22 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (20 works) · Clinical Psychology (20 works) · Medicine (20 works) · Sociology (20 works) · Human sexuality (18 works)