Muslima Ejaz
Biographic Data
| ID | 7774422 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Muslima Ejaz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Muslima |
| FAMILY NAME | Ejaz |
| SIGNATURE | EJAZ M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Karolinska Institutet |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1187-9095 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Prioritizing rehabilitation in Pakistan’s health system
Rehabilitation, is a neglected domain in Pakistan’s health system. There are insufficient financial and human resources to address the unmet needs. Despite the increasing demand for rehabilitation and assistive technology (AT) and implications for improving health inequities, it receives little political attention. This analysis identifies the factors that shape the prioritization of rehabilitation in Pakistan’s national health system. We conduct…
Attitudes, Knowledge, and Worry About HIV in the U=U Era
Despite evidence that undetectable equals untransmittable (U=U), negative attitudes toward people living with HIV persist among men who have sex with men (MSM). We examined HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and relationship willingness among Swedish MSM and evaluated an anti-stigma campaign. Repeated cross-sectional online surveys of MSM aged ≥ 18 years were conducted in Sweden (2020-2021) before and after an anti-stigma campaign. Participants wer…
How maternal morbidities impact women’s quality of life during pregnancy and postpartum in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
Maternal morbidities present a major burden to the health and well-being of childbearing women. However, their impacts on women’s functional health are not well understood. This work aims to describe how maternal morbidities affect women’s quality of life (QoL) in pregnancy and the postpartum period . This qualitative study involved 118 pregnant and 135 postpartum women at six study sites in Kenya, Ghana, Zambia, Pakistan, and India. Data were co…
Reproductive agency and the acceptability of divorce, abortion, and homosexuality among migrants from the Middle East and Africa living in Sweden–a cross-sectional analysis
Our study found that migrants from MENA and SSA expressed a high degree of reproductive agency. Migrants had low values of a combined measure of the acceptability of divorce, abortion and homosexuality; however, acceptance increased with time spent in Sweden. Understanding factors associated with migrants' sense of reproductive agency and their values and how these change over time in Sweden provides a foundation for working towards equitable sex…
Knowledge gaps related to HIV and condom use for preventing pregnancy
We found significant knowledge gaps on HIV and condom use for preventing pregnancy among migrants in Sweden. Comprehensive sexual health education in language schools, along with information to newly arrived migrants from diverse regional backgrounds and targeted sexual health services to younger individuals, women, and those who lack sexual health education, are needed to address these information gaps and provide crucial SRHR education and info…
Assessing the Nepalese health system’s readiness to manage gender-based violence and deliver psychosocial counselling
Violence against women (VAW), particularly intimate partner violence (IPV) or domestic violence, is a major public health issue, garnering more attention globally post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown. Health providers often represent the first point of contact for IPV victims. Thus, health systems and health providers must be equipped to address survivors’ physical, sexual and mental health care needs. However, there is a notable lac…
Associations between psychosocial wellbeing and experience of gender-based violence at community, household, and intimate-partner levels among a cross-sectional cohort of young people living with and …
Findings suggest that for young people in this setting, GBV at community and household levels was more prevalent during COVID-19 compared to IPV, especially for YPLWoH. While we found limited associations between COVID-related stressors and GBV, the perceived increases in GBV since lockdown in a setting where GBV is endemic, and the association of household violence with mental health, is a concern for future pandemic responses and should be long…
Integration of human papillomavirus associated anal cancer screening into HIV care and treatment program in Pakistan
Although policy makers and health providers in Pakistan saw a clear need to scale-up and integrate anal cancer screening for key populations, the feasibility of this is dependent on political will, financing, anti-stigma and discrimination interventions and health system efficiency
Knowledge of the abortion law and key legal issues of sexual and reproductive health and rights among recently arrived migrants in Sweden
We found a substantial lack of knowledge among migrants of reproductive age in Sweden regarding important laws and policies of SRHR, particularly the right to abortion. SRHR-related programmes and comprehensive sexual health education for recently arrived migrants could include components to increase knowledge of legal and safe abortions and other laws concerning SRHR
The impact of a community health worker intervention on uptake of antenatal care
The provision of high-quality antenatal care (ANC) is important for preventing maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity, but only around half of pregnant women in Tanzania attended four or more ANC visits in 2019. Although there is emerging evidence on the benefit of community health worker (CHW) interventions on ANC uptake, few large-scale pragmatic trials have been conducted. This pragmatic cluster-randomized trial, implemented directly thr…
Human Papillomavirus associated prevention
The findings from this study can help public health policy and researchers to understand this minority's perspective on HPV prevention. Given the low level of knowledge about HPV infection and its negative health consequences there is a need of HPV education combined with STI education and awareness through HPV brochures to educate the target population effectively
Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden
The comparatively high prevalence of TS among MSM participants in Sweden, where buying sex is illegal, with a higher prevalence among foreign-born MSM participants, calls for sexual and reproductive health and rights interventions in this population. Increased attention, including HIV prevention programming and education, should be aimed at younger MSM, MSM struggling with their current income, and foreign-born MSM, as they are more likely to rep…
Cardiovascular (Framingham) and type II diabetes (Finnish Diabetes) risk scores
While most items of the FRS and FINDRISC were generally well understood, physical activity needs further clarification. It is important to consider the seasonality of fruits and vegetables, especially in rural resource-poor settings. Current risk scores will need to be locally adapted to estimate the 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in this setting
Sexual risk-taking behaviors among young migrant population in Sweden
The results highlight the needed reconsideration of the broader system response that can influence migrant youth health outcomes and public health implications. The approach should consider and relate to sexual risk-taking behavior's long-term consequences. Migrant youth background needs and knowledge should guide this response
HIV Serostatus Disclosure Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China in the Era of U=U and PrEP
Given the recent evidence on "Undetectable = Untransmittable" (U=U) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the present study aimed to investigate HIV disclosure behaviors and their associations with sexual risk behaviors and U=U and PrEP awareness among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 689 MSM recruited through a gay-friendly non-governmental organization located in Chengdu, China in 2018-2019. …
A systematic review of adherence to oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV – how can we improve uptake and adherence?
Development of a 12-item short version of the HIV stigma scale
BACKGROUND: Valid and reliable instruments for the measurement of enacted, anticipated and internalised stigma in people living with HIV are crucial for mapping trends in the prevalence of HIV-related stigma and tracking the effectiveness of stigma-reducing interventions. Although longer instruments exist, e.g., the commonly used 40-item HIV Stigma Scale by Berger et al., a shorter instrument would be preferable to facilitate the inclusion of HIV…
Influence of socioeconomic position and gender on current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Gender, education and socioeconomic context are independently associated with current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Social Determinants of HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Cape Town
Antiretroviral treatment coverage in a rural district in Tanzania – a modeling study using empirical data
ART coverage in the Rufiji district is unevenly distributed and far from the universal coverage target of 80%, in particular among young men. The findings in 2010 are close to the most recent estimates of ART coverage in 2013. To strive for universal coverage, both the recruitment of new eligible individuals to pre-ART and ART and the successful retention of those already on ART in the program need to be prioritized
Is 'Opt-Out HIV Testing' a real option among pregnant women in rural districts in Kenya
High coverage of HIV testing appears to be achieved at the cost of pregnant women not understanding that testing is optional. Good quality HIV pre-test information is central to ensure that pregnant women understand and accept the reasons for testing and will thus come back to collect their test results, an important prerequisite for completing PMTCT for those who test HIV-positive
Reasoning and deciding PMTCT-adherence during pregnancy among women living with HIV in Kenya
This study explores type identities among rural and urban slum women on antiretroviral therapies who become pregnant. Narrative structuring was chosen to develop type narratives that illustrate how rural and urban women handle their HIV-infection and how they reason and decide about PMTCT-adherence during pregnancy and childbirth. Women in rural areas described their lives as 'secure and family controlled'. This gave the women security and predic…
P1-142 Prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Karachi Pakistan
Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a possible threat to global tuberculosis control. Despite a disease prevalence of 263/100 000 population Pakistan lacks information on prevalence of drug resistant TB. Objective Our objective was to estimate prevalence of MDR and associated risk factors in patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Karachi. Methods 640 adult consenting patients were enrolled from field clinics (July 2006 to Aug…
P2-70 Prevalence and associated risk factors of persistent albuminuria among hypertensive urban population of Karachi Pakistan
Background Kidney failure is a worldwide public health problem, with increasing incidence and prevalence, high costs and poor outcome. Detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease, prior to kidney failure, is therefore of paramount importance. Albuminuria is one of the earlier markers of kidney damage and screening for albuminuria is recommended in high risk patients. Objective To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of persi…
Mistrust in marriage-Reasons why men do not accept couple HIV testing during antenatal care- a qualitative study in eastern Uganda
In summary, pursuing couple HIV testing as a main avenue for making men more willing to test and support PMTCT for their wives, does not seem to work in its current form in this region. HIV services must be better adapted to local gender systems taking into account that incentives, health-seeking behavior and health system barriers differ between men and women
Socioeconomic determinants of infant mortality
Background: To reach the Millennium Development Goals for health, influential international bodies advocate for more resources to be directed to the health sector, in particular medical treatment. Yet, health has many determinants beyond the health sector that are less evident than proximate predictors. Aim: To assess the relative importance of major socioeconomic determinants of population health, measured as infant mortality rate (IMR), at coun…
Mistrust in marriage-Reasons why men do not accept couple HIV testing during antenatal care- a qualitative study in eastern Uganda
In summary, pursuing couple HIV testing as a main avenue for making men more willing to test and support PMTCT for their wives, does not seem to work in its current form in this region. HIV services must be better adapted to local gender systems taking into account that incentives, health-seeking behavior and health system barriers differ between men and women
Is 'Opt-Out HIV Testing' a real option among pregnant women in rural districts in Kenya
High coverage of HIV testing appears to be achieved at the cost of pregnant women not understanding that testing is optional. Good quality HIV pre-test information is central to ensure that pregnant women understand and accept the reasons for testing and will thus come back to collect their test results, an important prerequisite for completing PMTCT for those who test HIV-positive
Reasoning and deciding PMTCT-adherence during pregnancy among women living with HIV in Kenya
This study explores type identities among rural and urban slum women on antiretroviral therapies who become pregnant. Narrative structuring was chosen to develop type narratives that illustrate how rural and urban women handle their HIV-infection and how they reason and decide about PMTCT-adherence during pregnancy and childbirth. Women in rural areas described their lives as 'secure and family controlled'. This gave the women security and predic…
P1-142 Prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Karachi Pakistan
Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a possible threat to global tuberculosis control. Despite a disease prevalence of 263/100 000 population Pakistan lacks information on prevalence of drug resistant TB. Objective Our objective was to estimate prevalence of MDR and associated risk factors in patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Karachi. Methods 640 adult consenting patients were enrolled from field clinics (July 2006 to Aug…
P2-70 Prevalence and associated risk factors of persistent albuminuria among hypertensive urban population of Karachi Pakistan
Background Kidney failure is a worldwide public health problem, with increasing incidence and prevalence, high costs and poor outcome. Detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease, prior to kidney failure, is therefore of paramount importance. Albuminuria is one of the earlier markers of kidney damage and screening for albuminuria is recommended in high risk patients. Objective To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of persi…
Antiretroviral treatment coverage in a rural district in Tanzania – a modeling study using empirical data
ART coverage in the Rufiji district is unevenly distributed and far from the universal coverage target of 80%, in particular among young men. The findings in 2010 are close to the most recent estimates of ART coverage in 2013. To strive for universal coverage, both the recruitment of new eligible individuals to pre-ART and ART and the successful retention of those already on ART in the program need to be prioritized
Influence of socioeconomic position and gender on current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Gender, education and socioeconomic context are independently associated with current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Social Determinants of HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Cape Town
Development of a 12-item short version of the HIV stigma scale
BACKGROUND: Valid and reliable instruments for the measurement of enacted, anticipated and internalised stigma in people living with HIV are crucial for mapping trends in the prevalence of HIV-related stigma and tracking the effectiveness of stigma-reducing interventions. Although longer instruments exist, e.g., the commonly used 40-item HIV Stigma Scale by Berger et al., a shorter instrument would be preferable to facilitate the inclusion of HIV…
A systematic review of adherence to oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV – how can we improve uptake and adherence?
HIV Serostatus Disclosure Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China in the Era of U=U and PrEP
Given the recent evidence on "Undetectable = Untransmittable" (U=U) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the present study aimed to investigate HIV disclosure behaviors and their associations with sexual risk behaviors and U=U and PrEP awareness among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 689 MSM recruited through a gay-friendly non-governmental organization located in Chengdu, China in 2018-2019. …
Human Papillomavirus associated prevention
The findings from this study can help public health policy and researchers to understand this minority's perspective on HPV prevention. Given the low level of knowledge about HPV infection and its negative health consequences there is a need of HPV education combined with STI education and awareness through HPV brochures to educate the target population effectively
Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden
The comparatively high prevalence of TS among MSM participants in Sweden, where buying sex is illegal, with a higher prevalence among foreign-born MSM participants, calls for sexual and reproductive health and rights interventions in this population. Increased attention, including HIV prevention programming and education, should be aimed at younger MSM, MSM struggling with their current income, and foreign-born MSM, as they are more likely to rep…
Cardiovascular (Framingham) and type II diabetes (Finnish Diabetes) risk scores
While most items of the FRS and FINDRISC were generally well understood, physical activity needs further clarification. It is important to consider the seasonality of fruits and vegetables, especially in rural resource-poor settings. Current risk scores will need to be locally adapted to estimate the 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in this setting
Sexual risk-taking behaviors among young migrant population in Sweden
The results highlight the needed reconsideration of the broader system response that can influence migrant youth health outcomes and public health implications. The approach should consider and relate to sexual risk-taking behavior's long-term consequences. Migrant youth background needs and knowledge should guide this response
Associations between psychosocial wellbeing and experience of gender-based violence at community, household, and intimate-partner levels among a cross-sectional cohort of young people living with and …
Findings suggest that for young people in this setting, GBV at community and household levels was more prevalent during COVID-19 compared to IPV, especially for YPLWoH. While we found limited associations between COVID-related stressors and GBV, the perceived increases in GBV since lockdown in a setting where GBV is endemic, and the association of household violence with mental health, is a concern for future pandemic responses and should be long…
Integration of human papillomavirus associated anal cancer screening into HIV care and treatment program in Pakistan
Although policy makers and health providers in Pakistan saw a clear need to scale-up and integrate anal cancer screening for key populations, the feasibility of this is dependent on political will, financing, anti-stigma and discrimination interventions and health system efficiency
Knowledge of the abortion law and key legal issues of sexual and reproductive health and rights among recently arrived migrants in Sweden
We found a substantial lack of knowledge among migrants of reproductive age in Sweden regarding important laws and policies of SRHR, particularly the right to abortion. SRHR-related programmes and comprehensive sexual health education for recently arrived migrants could include components to increase knowledge of legal and safe abortions and other laws concerning SRHR
The impact of a community health worker intervention on uptake of antenatal care
The provision of high-quality antenatal care (ANC) is important for preventing maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity, but only around half of pregnant women in Tanzania attended four or more ANC visits in 2019. Although there is emerging evidence on the benefit of community health worker (CHW) interventions on ANC uptake, few large-scale pragmatic trials have been conducted. This pragmatic cluster-randomized trial, implemented directly thr…
Knowledge gaps related to HIV and condom use for preventing pregnancy
We found significant knowledge gaps on HIV and condom use for preventing pregnancy among migrants in Sweden. Comprehensive sexual health education in language schools, along with information to newly arrived migrants from diverse regional backgrounds and targeted sexual health services to younger individuals, women, and those who lack sexual health education, are needed to address these information gaps and provide crucial SRHR education and info…
Assessing the Nepalese health system’s readiness to manage gender-based violence and deliver psychosocial counselling
Violence against women (VAW), particularly intimate partner violence (IPV) or domestic violence, is a major public health issue, garnering more attention globally post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown. Health providers often represent the first point of contact for IPV victims. Thus, health systems and health providers must be equipped to address survivors’ physical, sexual and mental health care needs. However, there is a notable lac…
How maternal morbidities impact women’s quality of life during pregnancy and postpartum in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
Maternal morbidities present a major burden to the health and well-being of childbearing women. However, their impacts on women’s functional health are not well understood. This work aims to describe how maternal morbidities affect women’s quality of life (QoL) in pregnancy and the postpartum period . This qualitative study involved 118 pregnant and 135 postpartum women at six study sites in Kenya, Ghana, Zambia, Pakistan, and India. Data were co…
Reproductive agency and the acceptability of divorce, abortion, and homosexuality among migrants from the Middle East and Africa living in Sweden–a cross-sectional analysis
Our study found that migrants from MENA and SSA expressed a high degree of reproductive agency. Migrants had low values of a combined measure of the acceptability of divorce, abortion and homosexuality; however, acceptance increased with time spent in Sweden. Understanding factors associated with migrants' sense of reproductive agency and their values and how these change over time in Sweden provides a foundation for working towards equitable sex…
Prioritizing rehabilitation in Pakistan’s health system
Rehabilitation, is a neglected domain in Pakistan’s health system. There are insufficient financial and human resources to address the unmet needs. Despite the increasing demand for rehabilitation and assistive technology (AT) and implications for improving health inequities, it receives little political attention. This analysis identifies the factors that shape the prioritization of rehabilitation in Pakistan’s national health system. We conduct…
Medicine (22 works) · Environmental health (16 works) · Public health (15 works) · Family medicine (13 works) · Demography (12 works) · Population (11 works) · Demography (10 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (10 works) · Biostatistics (9 works) · Nursing (9 works)