J Hage
Biographic Data
| ID | 7901 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Hage |
| GIVEN NAMES | J |
| FAMILY NAME | Hage |
| SIGNATURE | HAGE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Maryland, College Park |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2512-7089 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 80 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 527 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 80 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Organization Theory
Organizational theory moved beyond Weber's bureaucratic model with the discovery of the organic form designed to provide customized innovative products in the early 1960s. Since then, contingency theory has emphasized the importance of not only different market contexts but also the input variables of organizational size, technology, and integration given differentiation of the environmental context. These ideas have been combined into an evoluti…
Human Capital
Sociological approaches to human capital theory provide exceptions and qualifications to economic theories about return to wages, inequality, and economic growth. Both cultural capital and social capital explain exceptions about return to wages. Inequality of access to education persists across both race and gender. Also, a specific kind of human capital, technical education, is now most critical for economic growth.
Phillips Curve
The Phillips Curve describes the relationship between inflation and unemployment, which forms the basis of contemporary monetary policy. Current economic thinking assumes that it works only in the short term and expectations are an important part of the theory. Sociological thinking about this trade‐off has emphasized the current causes of structural unemployment as well as the institutional factors that can reduce the pain for the unemployed. Cu…
Institutionalizing and sustaining social change in health systems
The key to high impact health services is institutionalizing and sustaining programme evaluation. Uganda represents a success story in the use of a specific programme evaluation method: Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS). Institutionalization is defined by two C's: competent programme evaluators and control mechanisms that effectively use evaluation data to improve health services. Sustainability means continued training and funding for the ev…
Sociology of Innovation
In the last several decades the sociology of innovation has been a critical perspective for explaining social change, and it lies at the heart of a number of major theoretical problems. The most important of these are the character of postindustrial society and the “new economy”; the multiple impacts of technology on differentiation and dedifferentiation; and the social evolution of society. Two equations explain how innovation is produced and wh…
Ideas, innovations, and networks
Transformational Organizations and a Burst of Scientific Breakthroughs
We use a historical case study of the Institut Pasteur to articulate the concept of the transformational organization in science, an organization with the capacity to make a large number of scientific breakthroughs in a short period of time. In considering the potential characteristics that explain a burst of scientific innovations, we attempt to move beyond the standard arguments in the management and organizational sociology literature that typ…
Transformational Organizations and a Burst of Scientific Breakthroughs
We use a historical case study of the Institut Pasteur to articulate the concept of the transformational organization in science, an organization with the capacity to make a large number of scientific breakthroughs in a short period of time. In considering the potential characteristics that explain a burst of scientific innovations, we attempt to move beyond the standard arguments in the management and organizational sociology literature that typ…
Transformational organizations and institutional change
This article seeks to articulate the concept of the transformational organization, an organization with the capacity to transform its institutional environment with discontinuous changes in normative patterns or institutional rules. The possibility of an organization successfully departing from the contours of the institutional environment seems doubtful given our understanding of institutional processes, such as institutional isomorphism and pat…
Organizations and innovation
Innovation and Institutions is an extensive elaboration on the make up of systems of innovation. It examines why some countries are more innovative than others, why national styles of innovation differ, and goes on to explore why some countries make radical innovations but fail to successfully market them, whilst others making incremental innovations have more commercial success
Understanding the relationship of maternal health behavior change and intervention strategies in a Nicaraguan NGO network
Adaptive Costs
The impact of knowledge has changed the fundamental rules of competition in advanced industrialized countries from an emphasis on productivity to one on speed in innovation. Furthermore, there are now a variety of ways in which firms can innovate as products have become more complex and are evaluated on multiple criteria. To innovate rapidly and effectively necessitates finding expertise outside the firm and hence the importance of joint ventures…
Du temps pour les sciences sociales
Organizational Innovation and Organizational Change
Three ideas-a complex division of labor, an organic structure, and a high-risk strategy-provoke consistent findings relative to organizational innovation. Of these three ideas, the complexity of the division of labor is most important because it taps the organizational learning, problem-solving, and creativity capacities of the organization. The importance of a complex division of labor has been underappreciated because of the various ways in whi…
The Effect of Human Capital and State Intervention on the Performance of Medical Systems
Using theoretical perspectives of several literatures (e.g., human capital investment, state theory, mortality, and professional dominance), this study explains variation in the performance of national medical systems. Using an unique data set, it assesses the consequences of human capital investments by analyzing the impact that investments in the number of doctors and in the proportion of doctors who were specialists have on reductions in morta…
Formal Theory in Sociology
Formal Theory in Sociology
Parutions récentes à signaler
Liste constitue grce la collaboration de Mme Nicole Perron, bibliothcaire de rfrence, UQAM. Cette liste est prpare partir des catalogues des maisons d'dition annonant leurs publications. Cependant, parce que certains des ouvrages prvus n'ont pas encore t publis ou n'ont pas encore t reus, le catalogage des publications rcentes ne peut tre entirement complt. Aussi, des inexactitudes bibliographiques peuvent s'tre glisses dans la liste. Toutefois, …
Organizations Working Together
Interorganizational Networks A New Institution A Typology of Cooperative Interorganizational Relationships and Networks What is Coordination? Environmental Determinants of Network Systems External Control and Technology Structural Properties Centrality, Size, Complexity, Differentiation, and Connectedness Conflict and Interorganizational Effectiveness The Failure of Evolution Theoretical Implications, Practical Recommendations, and Global Applica…
Alternative Strategies for the Reconstruction of the State During Economic Reform
The End of History, or a New Crisis
Post-Industrial Lives
From the Publisher: The shift from an industrial to a post-industrial society has been documented extensively, as has its impact on the macro-level institutions of society -- government, the workplace, and the economy. But how has post-industrial life impacted the individual and relationships between individuals? Hage and Powers examine this intriguing question by linking global changes in work patterns, information flow and knowledge to the prac…
State Intervention in Medical Care
The Impact of Knowledge on the Survival of American Manufacturing Plants
Recently, a new economic theory of growth (Romer 1986, 1990) that emphasizes the importance of knowledge has been proposed. We extend this argument to manufacturing plants by developing and testing a theory of how investments in knowledge, as expressed in human capital and production technology, affect plant survival. Based on an event-history analyses of 97 manufacturing plants during the period from 1973 to 1987, we show that internal investmen…
State Responsiveness and State Activism
Organizational Interdependence and Intra-Organizational Structure
The relationship between organizational interdependence was investigated specifically the number of joint programs and internal organizational behavior for health and welfare organizations. A model of organizational interdependence produces 5 hypotheses about organizations which are tested with data for 16 social welfare and health organizations located in a midwestern metropolis in 1967. The hypotheses were: a high degree of complexity varies di…
Organizational Alienation
The relationship between two types of alienation-alienation from work and alienation from expressive relations-and two structural properties of organizations-centralization and formalization-are examined in a comparative study of sixteen welfare organizations. Both alienation from work and alienation from expressive relations are found to be more prominent in highly centralized and highly formalized organizations. Multivariate analysis is introdu…
Organizational Innovation and Organizational Change
Three ideas-a complex division of labor, an organic structure, and a high-risk strategy-provoke consistent findings relative to organizational innovation. Of these three ideas, the complexity of the division of labor is most important because it taps the organizational learning, problem-solving, and creativity capacities of the organization. The importance of a complex division of labor has been underappreciated because of the various ways in whi…
Organization Structure and Communications
A theoretical model is developed in which organizational structure is related to the type of coordination in the organization-planning or programming versus feedback or mutual adjustment. It is argued that the nature of the mechanism of coordination employed in the organization in turn affects the volume and direction of communications in the organization. Hypotheses are developed relating the variables of complexity, formalization, and centraliz…
The Organic Organization and Innovation
This study explores several variables that characterize organic organization to test whether they are associated with varying rates of innovation. The number of occupational specialities, the intensity of scheduled and unscheduled communication and, to a lesser extent, the decentralization of decision-making, are related to innovation. A review of the literature suggests other factors that are also associated with innovation: slack resources, joi…
Program Change and Organizational Properties a Comparative Analysis
Empirical indicators of the organizational properties of complexity, centralization, formalization, and morale are developed and related to the rate of adoption of new programs and services in sixteen social welfare organizations. Specifically, a high deree of participation in agency-wide decisions, a low deree of job condification, and a high degree of job satisfactions are found to be most highly associated with a high rate of program change. M…
The Organization of Role-Relationships
Nunnally, Jim 1961 Popular Conceptions of Mental Health. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Pasamanick, Benjamin, Frank Scarpitti and Simon Dinitz 1967 Schizophrenics in the Community. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Phillips, Derek 1963 Rejection: A possible consequence of seeking help for mental disorders. American Sociological Review 28:963-972. Sampson, Harold, Sheldon Messinger and Robert Towne 1961 mental hospital and marital family t…
Youth Crime in Postindustrial Societies an Integrated Perspective
Taking a few well‐known facts about youth crime, the authors propose a more comprehensive theoretical framework, synthesizing other theories and attempting to describe the link between macro‐ and microdeviance analysis. Employing Durkheim's concepts of social integration, it is proposed that integration be viewed through patterns of role relationships. When adolescents have meaningful kin, community, educational, and work role relationships, they…
State Responsiveness and State Activism
The Active State, Investment in Human Capital, and Economic Growth
Human capital theory postulates that school expansion should foster economic growth, but credentialing theory questions such a relationship. We hypothesize that some conditions must obtain before educational expansion can have an affect on economic growth. First, the curriculum must be standardized and a large proportion of the age cohort beyond grade six must be enrolled for a sufficient period of time. Second, education and the economy must be …
The Strong State, Social Class, and Controlled School Expansion in France, 1881-1975
Current theories argue that school expansion reflects demands that stem from changes in the occupational structure, from a ideological commitment to building an integrated nation-state, or from the processes of modernization. However, these theories have not been tested relative to different social classes. Since most of the evidence has accumulated in the United States, where demand is usually met by supply, the possibility that demand might not…
Ideas, innovations, and networks
Understanding the relationship of maternal health behavior change and intervention strategies in a Nicaraguan NGO network
Toward the Development of an Empirically Based Theory of Role Relationships
A programmatic approach to the development of a theory of role-relationships is presented. The approach centers around three crucial decisions, arguing that (a) the use of the role-relationship as the unit of analysis rather than the position or the individual, (b) the study of a large rather than a small number of role-relationships, and (c) the use of general, rather than content or role-specific variables, are conducive to the generation of te…
The Sociology of Traditional Economic Problems
The structural problem of wage or salary differentials as discussed in this article has been decomposed into four separate components: the differences in the mean wages/salaries between occupations; the differences in the standard deviations of wages/salaries between occupations; the mean wages/salaries within occupations across firms and industries; and the standard deviation across occupations within firms and industries. A fourfold typology of…
Communication and Satisfaction in Organizations
The present study, based on data obtained in a set of health and social welfare agencies, attempted to develop some measures for examining organizational communication and to relate those measures to worker satisfaction. The communication properties of primary concern were the formality of the communication network and the direction of communication in the organization. The results indicated that these dimensions could be specified empirically an…
The Effect of Human Capital and State Intervention on the Performance of Medical Systems
Using theoretical perspectives of several literatures (e.g., human capital investment, state theory, mortality, and professional dominance), this study explains variation in the performance of national medical systems. Using an unique data set, it assesses the consequences of human capital investments by analyzing the impact that investments in the number of doctors and in the proportion of doctors who were specialists have on reductions in morta…
The Impact of Knowledge on the Survival of American Manufacturing Plants
Recently, a new economic theory of growth (Romer 1986, 1990) that emphasizes the importance of knowledge has been proposed. We extend this argument to manufacturing plants by developing and testing a theory of how investments in knowledge, as expressed in human capital and production technology, affect plant survival. Based on an event-history analyses of 97 manufacturing plants during the period from 1973 to 1987, we show that internal investmen…
The challenge of training in applied sociology
Coordination Styles and Economic Growth
Traditionally the problem of macroeconomic coordination has been discussed as being best done by either free-market competition or controlled planning. Such a formulation ignores several alternatives that societies can employ to encourage growth. Usually the argument for or against free-market competition has been fought on ideological grounds rather than by ascertaining whether it is most appropriate in some sectors of the economy rather than in…
The First Steps Toward the Integration of Social Theory and Social Policy
This paper presents a theoretical framework as a first step in the constructing of a body of theory for under standing certain types of policy outcomes. While the frame work operates at a somewhat general level, it does not apply to all policy problems. Nevertheless, it does permit us to code most policy studies and offers some potential for de veloping generalizations which transcend a number of policy sectors. The essay combines general variabl…
Theoretical Decision Rules for Selecting Research Designs
Since nation-states are complex, they require special methodological rules for sampling. The suggestion is made that societies should be selected on the basis of their score on some independent variable and studied over long time periods so as to maximize information gain and to minimize cost. Then the choice of societies to represent alternative explanations and finally to represent particular kinds of control should be made. The problem of iden…
Professional-Bureaucratic Conflict and Intraorganizational Powerlessness among Social Workers
Since Max Weber's classic writings on bureaucracy, the relationship between professionalization and bureaucracy has been a central focus of organization theory and research (e.g., Parsons, 1947; Goulduer, 1954; Blauner, 1964; Blau, 1968, Meyer, 1968b; Blau and Schoenherr, 1971). Some research suggests that professionalization and bureaucratization are alternative or conflicting modes of organization (Udy, 1959 ; Stinchecombe, 1959; Litwak, 1961; …
Role Theory
Transformational Organizations and a Burst of Scientific Breakthroughs
We use a historical case study of the Institut Pasteur to articulate the concept of the transformational organization in science, an organization with the capacity to make a large number of scientific breakthroughs in a short period of time. In considering the potential characteristics that explain a burst of scientific innovations, we attempt to move beyond the standard arguments in the management and organizational sociology literature that typ…
Organizational Alienation
The relationship between two types of alienation-alienation from work and alienation from expressive relations-and two structural properties of organizations-centralization and formalization-are examined in a comparative study of sixteen welfare organizations. Both alienation from work and alienation from expressive relations are found to be more prominent in highly centralized and highly formalized organizations. Multivariate analysis is introdu…
Program Change and Organizational Properties a Comparative Analysis
Empirical indicators of the organizational properties of complexity, centralization, formalization, and morale are developed and related to the rate of adoption of new programs and services in sixteen social welfare organizations. Specifically, a high deree of participation in agency-wide decisions, a low deree of job condification, and a high degree of job satisfactions are found to be most highly associated with a high rate of program change. M…
Role Theory
Toward the Development of an Empirically Based Theory of Role Relationships
A programmatic approach to the development of a theory of role-relationships is presented. The approach centers around three crucial decisions, arguing that (a) the use of the role-relationship as the unit of analysis rather than the position or the individual, (b) the study of a large rather than a small number of role-relationships, and (c) the use of general, rather than content or role-specific variables, are conducive to the generation of te…
Organizational Interdependence and Intra-Organizational Structure
The relationship between organizational interdependence was investigated specifically the number of joint programs and internal organizational behavior for health and welfare organizations. A model of organizational interdependence produces 5 hypotheses about organizations which are tested with data for 16 social welfare and health organizations located in a midwestern metropolis in 1967. The hypotheses were: a high degree of complexity varies di…
Organizational Effectiveness
Routine Technology, Social Structure, and Organization Goals
This paper investigates the relationship between organizational technology, specifically the degree of routineness of work, and the social structure and goals of health and welfare organizations.! Hypotheses relating four aspects of social structure and two aspects of organizational goals with the degree of routine work are tested with data from sixteen social welfare and health organizations located in a Midwestern metropolis in 1967. The social…
Control in Organizations
The Organization of Role-Relationships
Nunnally, Jim 1961 Popular Conceptions of Mental Health. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Pasamanick, Benjamin, Frank Scarpitti and Simon Dinitz 1967 Schizophrenics in the Community. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Phillips, Derek 1963 Rejection: A possible consequence of seeking help for mental disorders. American Sociological Review 28:963-972. Sampson, Harold, Sheldon Messinger and Robert Towne 1961 mental hospital and marital family t…
Organization Structure and Communications
A theoretical model is developed in which organizational structure is related to the type of coordination in the organization-planning or programming versus feedback or mutual adjustment. It is argued that the nature of the mechanism of coordination employed in the organization in turn affects the volume and direction of communications in the organization. Hypotheses are developed relating the variables of complexity, formalization, and centraliz…
The Organic Organization and Innovation
This study explores several variables that characterize organic organization to test whether they are associated with varying rates of innovation. The number of occupational specialities, the intensity of scheduled and unscheduled communication and, to a lesser extent, the decentralization of decision-making, are related to innovation. A review of the literature suggests other factors that are also associated with innovation: slack resources, joi…
Planned Change in the Hospital
Reply to Faia
Professional-Bureaucratic Conflict and Intraorganizational Powerlessness among Social Workers
Since Max Weber's classic writings on bureaucracy, the relationship between professionalization and bureaucracy has been a central focus of organization theory and research (e.g., Parsons, 1947; Goulduer, 1954; Blauner, 1964; Blau, 1968, Meyer, 1968b; Blau and Schoenherr, 1971). Some research suggests that professionalization and bureaucratization are alternative or conflicting modes of organization (Udy, 1959 ; Stinchecombe, 1959; Litwak, 1961; …
Structure and Dynamics of Social Intervention
Social Change in Complex Organizations
Organizational Systems
Sociological Theory Construction
Communication and Satisfaction in Organizations
The present study, based on data obtained in a set of health and social welfare agencies, attempted to develop some measures for examining organizational communication and to relate those measures to worker satisfaction. The communication properties of primary concern were the formality of the communication network and the direction of communication in the organization. The results indicated that these dimensions could be specified empirically an…
Theoretical Decision Rules for Selecting Research Designs
Since nation-states are complex, they require special methodological rules for sampling. The suggestion is made that societies should be selected on the basis of their score on some independent variable and studied over long time periods so as to maximize information gain and to minimize cost. Then the choice of societies to represent alternative explanations and finally to represent particular kinds of control should be made. The problem of iden…
Communication and Organizational Control
Innovations and Organizations
Complex Organizations and Their Environments
Youth Crime in Postindustrial Societies an Integrated Perspective
Taking a few well‐known facts about youth crime, the authors propose a more comprehensive theoretical framework, synthesizing other theories and attempting to describe the link between macro‐ and microdeviance analysis. Employing Durkheim's concepts of social integration, it is proposed that integration be viewed through patterns of role relationships. When adolescents have meaningful kin, community, educational, and work role relationships, they…
Communication and Organizational Control
Political science (48 works) · Sociology (43 works) · Economics (34 works) · Computer Science (24 works) · Business (23 works) · Psychology (18 works) · Knowledge management (13 works) · Social science (13 works) · Complex Systems and Decision Making (12 works) · Economic growth (12 works)