Emilio Muñoz
Biographic Data
| ID | 80234 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Emilio Muñoz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Emilio |
| FAMILY NAME | Muñoz |
| SIGNATURE | MUÑOZ E |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Texas at Austin |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2152-5917 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 49 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 63 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 11 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Built and Social Environment Resources are Associated with Memory Outcomes of Adults Enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study
Neighborhood socioeconomic status is linked to risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, but studies utilizing latent variable methods to clarify how built and social environment resources may relate to cognitive outcomes are limited. We applied exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to data from the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Study ( N = 17,642) to derive built and social environment resource factors and then examined …
Voting Behavior and Mortality Risk in Older Adults
These findings support voting as a potential social determinant of health. Voting is often promoted as a public health initiative enhancing community health, and it may also be associated with better health outcomes for voters. The results inform public health policy initiatives promoting voter participation, particularly among aging populations
Historical Change in the Health of Ghanaian Middle-Aged and Older Adults
These findings shed light on Ghana's unique historical trajectory of health, with later-born participants experiencing declines, mirroring trends observed in the United States but differing from the historical improvements typically seen in Europe. Factors such as changing dynamics in healthcare access and disruptions in traditional family and social life may contribute to these patterns
Daily Activity Diversity and Its Dual Role in Negative Affect among Korean Women
Daily activity diversity may function differently across midlife, providing emotional benefits in later midlife but imposing greater demands in earlier midlife. This study identifies midlife as a critical period for understanding the developmental trajectories of the emotional benefits and costs of activity diversity, emphasizing the need to account for heterogeneity within midlife
Depressive symptoms but not chronic stress mediate the link between income and cognition in Latino and Black older adults
These initial results suggest that the development of interventions targeted toward depressive symptoms in Black and Latino older adults may help promote well-being and alleviate the detrimental consequences of income inequalities on cognition in older adulthood
Understanding the Stress Process Among Mexican American Adults Aged 50 and Older in the United States
Objectives Compared to non-Latino White adults, Mexican Americans in the United States are disproportionally exposed to more social, environmental, and economic stress that increase risk for poor physical and mental health outcomes. Despite this, Mexican Americans tend to benefit from a mortality and mental health advantage indicative of unique resilience and risk factors. We assessed stress exposure and appraisals in eight domains among Mexican …
Caregivers’ positive emotional language predicts their depression trajectories after dementia caregiving ends
Caregivers who use more positive words when describing their connection with the care recipient may be more resilient, underscoring the potential role of positive emotional qualities of the caregiving relationship in preserving caregivers' mental health after caregiving ends
Neighborhood Social and Physical Environment and Cognitive Function Among Brazilian Adults Aged 50
Objectives Positive perceptions of the neighborhood environment are associated with better cognitive functioning in older adulthood. However, little is known about the significance of neighborhoods for cognitive function in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where this association may be augmented by limited resources and higher economic inequality. This study examined the association between neighborhood characteristics and cognitive fu…
The association between social engagement and cognition in older adults
Objectives Recent research suggests that social engagement may be protective against cognitive decline and dementia. The current study examined the association between social engagement and cognition in a large, ethnoracially diverse cognitively unimpaired cohort of older adults selected for study inclusion based on multi-dimensional risk for cognitive decline. Methods We analyzed baseline data from a subset of older adults (N = 1,951; Mage = 68.…
Relationship quality moderates the association between neighborhood disadvantage and cognition among Mexican American older adults
These findings suggest that interventions to improve cognition among Mexican American older adults in disadvantaged neighborhoods should consider relationship quality and gender in health promotion efforts
Prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in the Mexican population
Leveraging the nationally-representative and comprehensive cognitive data in Mex-Cog, an algorithm-derived classification of dementia and MCI provided the prevalence of dementia and MCI in Mexico. Besides the association with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease, the effect of education, rural residence, and lack of health insurance suggests an unequal burden of MCI and dementia among the aging Mexican population
Self-efficacy change among diverse family caregivers in dementia care
NCT03786471
Personality and falls
Objectives Falls are a critical public health issue, and there is need to better understand factors associated with risk of falls. This study examined the association between personality traits and risk of recent and incident falls. Methods Participants were older individuals (age range: 60–104 years; N > 16,000) from three longitudinal samples. Each sample included baseline measures of personality traits, covariates (demographic factors) and med…
Life after loss
These results highlight the heterogeneity in the association between marital transitions and cognitive function, which varies by gender, life stage, and type of marital dissolution
The importance of modifiable lifestyle factors for episodic memory
The results confirm the importance of lifestyle variables and highlight the relative contributions of the triad categories to episodic memory in aging. This suggests that these categories may equal or surpass the importance of factors like sex, age, ethnoracial groups, and education, which are known to affect memory
Views of aging and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among older adult war veterans in the context of renewed war
Present findings suggest that exposure to current trauma of war among older adult war veterans might uniquely shape the long-term trajectories of their VoA and PTSD symptoms, while contradicting the previously found PTSD symptoms-VoA directionality
Everyday Language and Cognitive Functioning in Late Life
Objectives Language deterioration is a marker of cognitive decline in late life. An emerging literature has examined features of language associated with executive functioning and working memory when older adults are cognitively healthy. This study aims to identify linguistic features that predict cognitive functioning in a sample of cognitively healthy individuals. Method Participants from the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study (DEWS; aged 6…
Adaptation of the Florida Cognitive Activities Scale for Latinx adults with chronic diseases
The FCAS-L is a valid and reliable updated measure of cognitively stimulating activities for Spanish- and English-speaking Latinx adults with chronic conditions
Exposure to neighborhood violence, and laboratory-based and ambulatory cognitive task performance in adulthood
Neighborhood Cohesion Across the Life Course and Effects on Cognitive Aging
Findings provide insight into life-course neighborhood contextual influences on cognitive aging. Our results emphasize the need for more research to understand the life-course dynamics between neighborhood environments and cognitive aging
Prospective Effects of Discrimination, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Control Among Mexican-Origin Women
Results revealed the long-term consequences of experiences with discrimination on cognitive control that operate through increased depressive symptoms and that may have some subtle differential effects across levels of financial strain
Perceived ethnic discrimination and cognitive function
Identifying barriers and opportunities in the deployment of the residential photovoltaic prosumer segment in Chile
Challenges and Opportunities During a “New Normal” of Psychological Aging Research
The recent historical events and ongoing population changes point to a new era of aging research. With the rapid aging of our population, a larger proportion of the older adult population will be living with mild cognitive impairment or dementia (Petersen et al., 2018; World Health Organization, 2017), with similarly increasing numbers of their caregivers (Alzheimer’s Association, 2021). These population shifts are also marked by changes in use o…
The Association of Stress, Metabolic Syndrome, and Systemic Inflammation With Neurocognitive Function in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and Its Sociocultural Ancillary Study
These cross-sectional analyses suggest that stress appraisal, MetS, and systemic inflammation may be targets to reduce neurocognitive dysfunction among Hispanics/Latinos
Perceived neighborhood characteristics predict severity and emotional response to daily stressors
Perceived ethnic discrimination and cognitive function
Visiting Palaeolithic Art – Explorations and Archaeological Implications in Cueva De Las Monedas, Spain
Numerical chronology is one of the main sources of information by which one may contextualize prehistoric human activity more precisely. It is able to discriminate between different times of visits to caves and determine the period with which each form of evidence should be associated and the relationships between them. The application of conventional 14C and 14C‐AMS has dated visits to the Palaeolithic cave art site of Las Monedas during histori…
The Impact of Region and Urbanicity on the Discrimination-Cognitive Health Link Among Older Blacks
Little research has examined how the link between discrimination and cognitive health varies by where people live. This study investigates how living in non-urban versus urban areas in different regions in the United States moderates the discrimination-cognitive health link among older non-Hispanic Blacks. Data are from the 2012 and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N=2,347). Regression analyses indicate that experiencing more e…
New discoveries of pre-Magdalenian cave art in the central area of the Cantabrian region (Spain)
A Comprehensive Comparison of Quantifications of Intraindividual Variability in Response Times
RTI reflects a novel dimension of performance that is a robust and theoretically informative predictor of BP and WP variation in cognitive function. Among the plenitude of RTI quantifications, not all are interchangeable, nor of comparable predictive utility
Stress Is Associated With Neurocognitive Function in Hispanic/Latino Adults
Our results suggest that mental and physical health may help explain some cross-sectional associations between stress and cognition and highlight the need to examine culture-specific psychosocial stressors to better understand the context of psychosocial risk factors for neurocognitive performance
Daily Memory Lapses in Adults
Previous work on daily memory lapses has focused on prospective lapses. Although retrospective lapses occurred more frequently in this sample, prospective lapses appeared to have a greater impact on daily experiences regardless of age. By measuring daily memory lapses and affect over consecutive days, we can begin to understand how the experience of forgetting impacts individuals at a micro-level
The Scientific Periphery in Spain
The role of neighborhood stressors on cognitive function
Scientific Organizations in Spain (1950-1970)
Through a study of Spanish scientific organizations and the involvement of Spanish scientists in international ones, the beginnings of biochemistry and molecular biology in Spain are explored. The centre-periphery dichotomy is useful in explaining the progress of the establishment of these disciplines, together with the political context, both national and international, in which such establishment took place. It is suggested that international t…
Neighborhood Cohesion Across the Life Course and Effects on Cognitive Aging
Findings provide insight into life-course neighborhood contextual influences on cognitive aging. Our results emphasize the need for more research to understand the life-course dynamics between neighborhood environments and cognitive aging
Everyday Language and Cognitive Functioning in Late Life
Objectives Language deterioration is a marker of cognitive decline in late life. An emerging literature has examined features of language associated with executive functioning and working memory when older adults are cognitively healthy. This study aims to identify linguistic features that predict cognitive functioning in a sample of cognitively healthy individuals. Method Participants from the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study (DEWS; aged 6…
Exposure to neighborhood violence, and laboratory-based and ambulatory cognitive task performance in adulthood
The Association of Stress, Metabolic Syndrome, and Systemic Inflammation With Neurocognitive Function in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and Its Sociocultural Ancillary Study
These cross-sectional analyses suggest that stress appraisal, MetS, and systemic inflammation may be targets to reduce neurocognitive dysfunction among Hispanics/Latinos
Scientific Organizations in Spain (1950-1970)
Through a study of Spanish scientific organizations and the involvement of Spanish scientists in international ones, the beginnings of biochemistry and molecular biology in Spain are explored. The centre-periphery dichotomy is useful in explaining the progress of the establishment of these disciplines, together with the political context, both national and international, in which such establishment took place. It is suggested that international t…
The Scientific Periphery in Spain
El sistema de investigación en España. Investigación e innovación
El recorrido desde los años sesenta hasta mediados de los noventa del Sistema Español de Investigación (SEI) pone de relieve los esfuerzos realizados, a partir de individualidades y de ciertas coyunturas políticas, para conseguir un incremento de sus recursos y una consolidación de su relevancia en la agenda política. El análisis que se presenta revela que los esfuerzos de los actores que actuaron en el ámbito de la toma de decisiones y de los in…
La percepción de los actores de la seguridad alimentaria
Este artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta sobre el funcionamiento del sistema de seguridad alimentaria en España, con especial atención al tema de los alimentos transgénicos (a causa del debate social que suscitaron). La encuesta muestra que la valoración que la industria alimentaria española hace del sistema de seguridad alimentaria, tanto a nivel de España como a nivel de la Unión Europea, es ambivalente, especialmente por las dudas…
Gobernanza, ciencia, tecnología y política
El concepto de gobernanza ha irrumpido con fuerza en la arena política, tanto en el ámbito académico como en el de la gestión diaria. El concepto tiene sus raíces en la ciencia política y de la administración norteamericana, y ha sido importado por Europa al reconocer la necesidad de adoptar nuevas estrategias para la administración de las relaciones entre lo público y lo privado, entre el gobierno y la sociedad. El concepto es complejo tanto en …
La opinión de los consumidores españoles sobre los alimentos transgénicos y su seguridad
El presente artículo resume los resultados de una encuesta a ciudadanos españoles sobre su percepción de la seguridad alimentaria, especialmente en el área de los productos transgénicos. Los resultados indican que las personas se comportan de dos maneras distintas en el momento de comprar un producto: por un lado, como consumidores de un determinado producto y, por el otro, como usuarios (o ciudadanos-usuarios) de tecnología. En ello influye que …
Legislar sobre política científica para el siglo XXI en España
El artículo analiza las condiciones y el proceso en el que se aprobó en 1986 la Ley de Fomento y Coordinación General de la Investigación Científica y el Desarrollo Tecnológico y las principales aportaciones de la Ley a la construcción de un Sistema Científico- Técnico. Se analizan igualmente los cambios en el propio Sistema Científico-Técnico y en los contextos políticos, económico y sociales que se han producido en los veinte años de vigencia d…
Caracterización de los espacios de conocimientos
A partir de las reflexiones filosóficas sobre la política científica, se ha constatado la existencia de una crisis en esa política que se trata de superar con el recurso a nuevos conceptos como “espacios” y “gobernanza”. La aplicación de esta línea de análisis al caso español nos ha llevado a intentar caracterizar los espacios de conocimientos en términos estructurales y funcionales. El espacio del desarrollo tecnológico, identificado como un esp…
Dinámica y dimensiones de la ética en la investigación científica y técnica
En un contexto de profundos cambios sociales, económicos y políticos, la investigación científica y técnica ha evolucionado en sus reglas e instituciones para transitar desde una dinámica de autonomía a otra en la que intervienen un mayor número de actores. Este tránsito ha conducido a nuevos conceptos como el de modo 2 de producción de conocimiento o modelos como el tecnocientífico. De acuerdo con este cambio contextual, las cuestiones éticas ha…
Consumer attitudes and the governance of food safety
This paper reports the analysis of a recent study of public perception of food safety governance in Spain, using genetically modified (GM) foods as an indicator. The data make clear that Spanish food consumers are aware of their rights and role in the marketplace. They are critical of current regulatory decision making, which they perceive to be unduly influenced by certain social actors, such as industry. In contrast, consumers demand decisions …
La crisis de la política científica
La aplicación de una analogía como ser vivo e inteligente a la política científica ha permitido identificar lo que he llamado “crisis” de esa política, como resultado de un proceso de envejecimiento –hace más de sesenta años que se inició la política científica moderna– en el que han intervenido una serie de patologías que han sido diagnosticadas a través de una serie de revisiones críticas emprendidas por el autor dentro del marco de un programa…
Dating and Archaeological Context of the New Engraved Scapula at Altamira
This article concerns a red deer scapula with an engraved doe head discovered during the current archaeological excavations realized outside of the cave of Altamira. The interest of its chronology lies in the similarity of these engravings to other parietal ones with the same theme, techniques and style. In addition, the same date can be attributed to them and they are present in the same territory. History In 1902, Cartailhac and Breuil discover…
Datation et contexte archéologique de la nouvelle omoplate gravée découverte à Altamira
The role of shellfish in hunter–gatherer societies during the Early Upper Palaeolithic
Biotecnología, sociedad y economía
Las relaciones entre biotecnología, sociedad y economía en los contextos europeo y español se han explorado desde una perspectiva evolucionista e integradora a partir de tres espacios: el de las políticas científicas y tecnológicas, el social y el de los impactos socioeconómicos. Se concluye que la(s) biotecnología(s) supone(n) un reto y una esperanza. Un reto por su complejidad, por su riqueza conceptual y por la exigencia de combinar cualidades…
A Comprehensive Comparison of Quantifications of Intraindividual Variability in Response Times
RTI reflects a novel dimension of performance that is a robust and theoretically informative predictor of BP and WP variation in cognitive function. Among the plenitude of RTI quantifications, not all are interchangeable, nor of comparable predictive utility
Daily Memory Lapses in Adults
Previous work on daily memory lapses has focused on prospective lapses. Although retrospective lapses occurred more frequently in this sample, prospective lapses appeared to have a greater impact on daily experiences regardless of age. By measuring daily memory lapses and affect over consecutive days, we can begin to understand how the experience of forgetting impacts individuals at a micro-level
Perceived neighborhood characteristics predict severity and emotional response to daily stressors
The Ups and Downs of Cognitive Function
Neuroticism predicts greater RTI irrespective of mean performance and this effect is driven largely by heightened negative emotionality that may be particularly detrimental for older adults
Stress Is Associated With Neurocognitive Function in Hispanic/Latino Adults
Our results suggest that mental and physical health may help explain some cross-sectional associations between stress and cognition and highlight the need to examine culture-specific psychosocial stressors to better understand the context of psychosocial risk factors for neurocognitive performance
New discoveries of pre-Magdalenian cave art in the central area of the Cantabrian region (Spain)
The role of neighborhood stressors on cognitive function
The Impact of Region and Urbanicity on the Discrimination-Cognitive Health Link Among Older Blacks
Little research has examined how the link between discrimination and cognitive health varies by where people live. This study investigates how living in non-urban versus urban areas in different regions in the United States moderates the discrimination-cognitive health link among older non-Hispanic Blacks. Data are from the 2012 and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N=2,347). Regression analyses indicate that experiencing more e…
Identifying barriers and opportunities in the deployment of the residential photovoltaic prosumer segment in Chile
Challenges and Opportunities During a “New Normal” of Psychological Aging Research
The recent historical events and ongoing population changes point to a new era of aging research. With the rapid aging of our population, a larger proportion of the older adult population will be living with mild cognitive impairment or dementia (Petersen et al., 2018; World Health Organization, 2017), with similarly increasing numbers of their caregivers (Alzheimer’s Association, 2021). These population shifts are also marked by changes in use o…
Psychology (22 works) · Cognition (18 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (16 works) · Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research (10 works) · Developmental psychology (10 works) · Medicine (10 works) · Political science (10 works) · Geography (9 works) · Gerontology (9 works) · Psychiatry (9 works)