Walter A Neves
Biographic Data
| ID | 81200 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Walter A Neves |
| GIVEN NAMES | Walter A |
| FAMILY NAME | Neves |
| SIGNATURE | NEVES W A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universidade de São Paulo |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 255 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1985 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
What kind of hominin first left Africa
Recent discoveries of stone tools from Jordan (2.5 Ma) and China (2.1 Ma) document hominin presence in Asia at the beginning of the Pleistocene, well before the conventional Dmanisi datum at 1.8 Ma. Although no fossil hominins documenting this earliest Out of Africa phase have been found, on chronological grounds a pre‐ Homo erectus hominin must be considered the most likely maker of those artifacts. If so, this sheds new light on at least two di…
Lagoa Santa's contribution to the origins and life of early Americans
The region of Lagoa Santa, Central‐Eastern Brazil, provides an exceptional archeological record about Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene occupation of the Americas. Since the first interventions made by the Danish naturalist Peter Lund in the 19th century, hundreds of human skeletons have been exhumed in the region. These skeletons are complemented by a rich botanic, faunal, technological, and geomorphological archeological record. We explore here t…
Brief communication
OBJECTIVES: The southern Brazilian shellmounds provide archaeological evidence of prolonged human activity in the coast from approximately 6000 to 1000 BP. Shellmound building populations exploited the rich coastal estuarine zones, and the human remains recovered from them are important sources of information on health and overall lifestyle of these mid-Holocene groups. Therefore, they were included in the Western Hemisphere Global History of Hea…
The Repercussions of the Human Skeletons from Lagoa Santa in the International Scenario
Lagoa Santa
The cranial morphology of the B otocudo I ndians, B razil
The Botocudo Indians were hunter‐gatherer groups that occupied the East‐Central regions of Brazil decimated during the colonial period in the country. During the 19th century, craniometric studies suggested that the Botocudo resembled more the Paleoamerican population of Lagoa Santa than typical Native Americans groups. These results suggest that the Botocudo Indians might represent a population that retained the biological characteristics of ear…
Osteofitosis Vertebral en Poblaciones Prehispánicas De San Pedro De Atacama, Norte De Chile
Se estudi la osteofitosis vertebral como indicador de estrs fsico en grupos humanos prehistricos de San Pedro de Atacama, durante los perodos Medio (400 DC -1000 DC) e Intermedio Tardo (1000 DC -1450 DC). Se registr el grado promedio de osteofitosis vertebral de cada segmento vertebral en 154 individuos adultos de cuatro sitios
Cranial morphological diversity of early, middle, and late H olocene B razilian groups
The history of human occupation in Brazil dates to at least 14 kyr BP, and the country has the largest record of early human remains from the continent. Despite the importance and richness of Brazilian human skeletal collections, the biological relationships between groups and their implications for knowledge about human dispersion in the country have not been properly explored. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the morphological aff…
Lagoa Santa Revisited
Lagoa Santa, a karstic area in eastern Central Brazil, has been subject to research on human paleontology and archaeology for 175 years. Almost 300 Paleoindian human skeletons have been found since Danish naturalist Peter Lund's pioneering work. Even so, some critical issues such as the role of rockshelters in settlement systems, and the possible paleoclimatic implications of the peopling of the region have yet to be addressed. We present some re…
Insights into Holocene megafauna survival and extinction in southeastern Brazil from new AMS 14 C dates
The extinction of late Quaternary megafauna in South America has been extensively debated in past decades. The majority of the hypotheses explaining this phenomenon argue that the extinction was the result of human activities, environmental changes, or even synergism between the two. Although still limited, a good chronological framework is imperative to discuss the plausibility of the available hypotheses. Here we present six new direct AMS 14 C…
Morphometric variables can be analyzed using cladistic methods
A origem do homem americano vista a partir da América do Sul
Até meados da década de 1990, predominava na literatura especializada que o Novo Mundo teria sido colonizado por três levas distintas, todas com origem no nordeste asiático. Na segunda metade da década, dois modelos alternativos começaram a desfrutar de grande popularidade entre a comunidade acadêmica internacional. O primeiro deles, denominado "Modelo dos Dois Componentes Biológicos Principais", baseado na variabilidade craniométrica de populaçõ…
Zuzu” strikes again—Morphological affinities of the early holocene human skeleton from Toca dos Coqueiros, Piaui, Brazil
The Serra da Capivara National Park in northeastern Brazil is one of the richest archaeological regions in South America. Nonetheless, so far only two paleoindian skeletons have been exhumed from the local rockshelters. The oldest one (9870 ± 50 BP; CAL 11060 ± 50), uncovered in Toca dos Coqueiros and known as “Zuzu,” represents a rare opportunity to explore the biological relationships of paleoindian groups living in northeastern Brazil. As prev…
Human skeletal remains from Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia
Human skeletal remains of the first Americans are scarce, especially in North America. In South America the situation is less dramatic. Two important archaeological regions have generated important collections that allow the analysis of the cranial morphological variation of the Early Americans: Lagoa Santa, Brazil, and Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. Human crania from the former region have been studied by one of us (WAN) and collaborators, showing …
Early Holocene human skeletal remains from Sumidouro Cave, Lagoa Santa, Brazil
East-West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian populations from Central and North America
On the Misclassification of Human Crania
East–West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian human populations of South America
E no princípio… era o macaco
Human occupation and paleoenvironments in South America
Uma revisão das informações arqueológicas produzidas no Brasil e países vizinhos durante as últimas décadas, aliada a uma análise de estudos paleoambientais recentes, sugerem que durante o Holoceno Médio amplas áreas da América do Sul deixaram de ser ocupadas por grupos humanos. Dados independentes, como datações de esqueletos humanos, estratigrafia de abrigos rochosos e cronologia de sítios arqueológicos a céu aberto convergem para a idéia de qu…
Holocene Dryness and Human Occupation in Brazil During the “Archaic Gap”
An overview of the archaeological data produced over the last decades for Brazil, coupled with a background of recent paleoenvironmental studies, suggests that during the mid-Holocene vast areas of Central Brazil ceased to be occupied by human groups. Independent data from dated human skeletons, rock-shelter stratigraphy, and chronology of open-air sites converge to support the inference that these areas were depopulated or altogether abandoned. …
Cranial morphology of early Americans from Lagoa Santa, Brazil
Comparative morphological studies of the earliest human skeletons of the New World have shown that, whereas late prehistoric, recent, and present Native Americans tend to exhibit a cranial morphology similar to late and modern Northern Asians (short and wide neurocrania; high, orthognatic and broad faces; and relatively high and narrow orbits and noses), the earliest South Americans tend to be more similar to present Australians, Melanesians, and…
Geochronology, sediment provenance, and fossil emplacement at Sumidouro Cave, a classic late Pleistocene/early Holocene Paleoanthropological site in eastern Brazil
Peter Wilhelm Lund's (1845a) heavily debated suggestion of a contemporaneity between Paleo‐Indians and extinct Pleistocene fauna at Sumidouro Cave was re‐examined through detailed sedimentological and geochronological analyses of sediment and both human and faunal remains. Sources of the cave's sediment include both entrances as well as ceiling fissures. Non‐human fossils, on the other hand, were probably carried by floodwater through the once mo…
A new early Holocene human skeleton from Brazil
The Buhl Burial
Green et al.'s (1998) recent contention that the Buhl Paleoindian craniofacial attributes are similar to other North American Indians and East Asian populations is tested here through a principal components analysis based on 16 cranial measurements. The analysis involved the comparison of the cranial morphology of the Buhl specimen with 26 Howells' modern populations. We also added to the analysis the craniometric data regarding a firmly establis…
Morphological affinities of the first Americans
Lagoa Santa Revisited
Lagoa Santa, a karstic area in eastern Central Brazil, has been subject to research on human paleontology and archaeology for 175 years. Almost 300 Paleoindian human skeletons have been found since Danish naturalist Peter Lund's pioneering work. Even so, some critical issues such as the role of rockshelters in settlement systems, and the possible paleoclimatic implications of the peopling of the region have yet to be addressed. We present some re…
Early Holocene human skeletal remains from Sumidouro Cave, Lagoa Santa, Brazil
A new early Holocene human skeleton from Brazil
Human skeletal remains from Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia
Human skeletal remains of the first Americans are scarce, especially in North America. In South America the situation is less dramatic. Two important archaeological regions have generated important collections that allow the analysis of the cranial morphological variation of the Early Americans: Lagoa Santa, Brazil, and Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. Human crania from the former region have been studied by one of us (WAN) and collaborators, showing …
The cranial morphology of the B otocudo I ndians, B razil
The Botocudo Indians were hunter‐gatherer groups that occupied the East‐Central regions of Brazil decimated during the colonial period in the country. During the 19th century, craniometric studies suggested that the Botocudo resembled more the Paleoamerican population of Lagoa Santa than typical Native Americans groups. These results suggest that the Botocudo Indians might represent a population that retained the biological characteristics of ear…
Human occupation and paleoenvironments in South America
Uma revisão das informações arqueológicas produzidas no Brasil e países vizinhos durante as últimas décadas, aliada a uma análise de estudos paleoambientais recentes, sugerem que durante o Holoceno Médio amplas áreas da América do Sul deixaram de ser ocupadas por grupos humanos. Dados independentes, como datações de esqueletos humanos, estratigrafia de abrigos rochosos e cronologia de sítios arqueológicos a céu aberto convergem para a idéia de qu…
Cranial morphological diversity of early, middle, and late H olocene B razilian groups
The history of human occupation in Brazil dates to at least 14 kyr BP, and the country has the largest record of early human remains from the continent. Despite the importance and richness of Brazilian human skeletal collections, the biological relationships between groups and their implications for knowledge about human dispersion in the country have not been properly explored. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the morphological aff…
Zuzu” strikes again—Morphological affinities of the early holocene human skeleton from Toca dos Coqueiros, Piaui, Brazil
The Serra da Capivara National Park in northeastern Brazil is one of the richest archaeological regions in South America. Nonetheless, so far only two paleoindian skeletons have been exhumed from the local rockshelters. The oldest one (9870 ± 50 BP; CAL 11060 ± 50), uncovered in Toca dos Coqueiros and known as “Zuzu,” represents a rare opportunity to explore the biological relationships of paleoindian groups living in northeastern Brazil. As prev…
The use of nonmetric variation in estimating human population admixture
Measurements in populations which serve as valid indicators of biological relationship should be proportional to genetic distance. In order to test the utility of discrete cranial traits for estimating genetic distances among populations, estimates of admixture are obtained for gene frequency data and nonmetric cranial data in São Paulo mulattos (M). The gene frequency data serve as a control that the three populations are related as stated: esti…
East-West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian populations from Central and North America
On the Misclassification of Human Crania
Modern human origins as seen from the peripheries
The Buhl Burial
Green et al.'s (1998) recent contention that the Buhl Paleoindian craniofacial attributes are similar to other North American Indians and East Asian populations is tested here through a principal components analysis based on 16 cranial measurements. The analysis involved the comparison of the cranial morphology of the Buhl specimen with 26 Howells' modern populations. We also added to the analysis the craniometric data regarding a firmly establis…
Geochronology, sediment provenance, and fossil emplacement at Sumidouro Cave, a classic late Pleistocene/early Holocene Paleoanthropological site in eastern Brazil
Peter Wilhelm Lund's (1845a) heavily debated suggestion of a contemporaneity between Paleo‐Indians and extinct Pleistocene fauna at Sumidouro Cave was re‐examined through detailed sedimentological and geochronological analyses of sediment and both human and faunal remains. Sources of the cave's sediment include both entrances as well as ceiling fissures. Non‐human fossils, on the other hand, were probably carried by floodwater through the once mo…
Brief communication
OBJECTIVES: The southern Brazilian shellmounds provide archaeological evidence of prolonged human activity in the coast from approximately 6000 to 1000 BP. Shellmound building populations exploited the rich coastal estuarine zones, and the human remains recovered from them are important sources of information on health and overall lifestyle of these mid-Holocene groups. Therefore, they were included in the Western Hemisphere Global History of Hea…
Osteofitosis Vertebral en Poblaciones Prehispánicas De San Pedro De Atacama, Norte De Chile
Se estudi la osteofitosis vertebral como indicador de estrs fsico en grupos humanos prehistricos de San Pedro de Atacama, durante los perodos Medio (400 DC -1000 DC) e Intermedio Tardo (1000 DC -1450 DC). Se registr el grado promedio de osteofitosis vertebral de cada segmento vertebral en 154 individuos adultos de cuatro sitios
Principal‐components analysis of Brazilian Indian anthropometric data
Analysis of nine characteristics on 1,205 males and 932 females from 12 tribes or groups of tribes indicated a poor relationship between morphology and language, as well as moderate agreement with the variability expected considering geography only. Two samples in the Xingu area studied during an interval of half a century (1897–1947) showed remarkable similarity. The conformity of the Caingang morphology with those of other tribes and the distin…
Principal‐components analysis of Brazilian Indian anthropometric data
Analysis of nine characteristics on 1,205 males and 932 females from 12 tribes or groups of tribes indicated a poor relationship between morphology and language, as well as moderate agreement with the variability expected considering geography only. Two samples in the Xingu area studied during an interval of half a century (1897–1947) showed remarkable similarity. The conformity of the Caingang morphology with those of other tribes and the distin…
The use of nonmetric variation in estimating human population admixture
Measurements in populations which serve as valid indicators of biological relationship should be proportional to genetic distance. In order to test the utility of discrete cranial traits for estimating genetic distances among populations, estimates of admixture are obtained for gene frequency data and nonmetric cranial data in São Paulo mulattos (M). The gene frequency data serve as a control that the three populations are related as stated: esti…
Morphological affinities of the first Americans
Subsistence patterns and blood pressure variation in two rural Caboclo communities of Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil
Blood pressure (BP) increases with age in westernized societies, is higher in men, and is correlated with the body mass index (BMI). Traditional societies present more variable patterns of BP. In 1991, BP and anthropometric data from two "Caboclo" (rural populations of mixed ancestry) groups from Marajó Island, Brazil, were collected: The Paricatuba group, (N = 20;12 women), with a subsistence base of fishing, collection of palm fruits, and tradi…
Craniofacial morphology of the first Americans
The peopling of the New World has been the focus of anthropological attention since the last century. Proponents of multiple migration models have claimed that patterns of variation among extant New World populations reflect ancient, discrete migrations to the Americas during the terminal Pleistocene. Although multiple migration models appear to explain patterns of both past and present craniometric variation, this interpretation rests on a numbe…
Incidence and distribution of postcranial fractures in the prehistoric population of San Pedro de Atacama, northern Chile
Trauma incidence analysis in skeletal populations has been very popular among skeletal biologists during the last two decades. In this context, the work of Lovejoy and Heiple ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 55:529-541) has been quoted as a landmark because their analysis rested on a populational approach, avoiding simple assumptions about cause and etiology. In this study, we apply to the prehistoric population of San Pedro de Atacama, northern C…
Incidence and distribution of postcranial fractures in the prehistoric population of San Pedro de Atacama, northern Chile
Trauma incidence analysis in skeletal populations has been very popular among skeletal biologists during the last two decades. In this context, the work of Lovejoy and Heiple ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 55:529–541) has been quoted as a landmark because their analysis rested on a populational approach, avoiding simple assumptions about cause and etiology. In this study, we apply to the prehistoric population of San Pedro de Atacama, northern C…
Craniofacial morphology of the first Americans
The peopling of the New World has been the focus of anthropological attention since the last century. Proponents of multiple migration models have claimed that patterns of variation among extant New World populations reflect ancient, discrete migrations to the Americas during the terminal Pleistocene. Although multiple migration models appear to explain patterns of both past and present craniometric variation, this interpretation rests on a numbe…
Modern human origins as seen from the peripheries
The Buhl Burial
Green et al.'s (1998) recent contention that the Buhl Paleoindian craniofacial attributes are similar to other North American Indians and East Asian populations is tested here through a principal components analysis based on 16 cranial measurements. The analysis involved the comparison of the cranial morphology of the Buhl specimen with 26 Howells' modern populations. We also added to the analysis the craniometric data regarding a firmly establis…
Holocene Dryness and Human Occupation in Brazil During the “Archaic Gap”
An overview of the archaeological data produced over the last decades for Brazil, coupled with a background of recent paleoenvironmental studies, suggests that during the mid-Holocene vast areas of Central Brazil ceased to be occupied by human groups. Independent data from dated human skeletons, rock-shelter stratigraphy, and chronology of open-air sites converge to support the inference that these areas were depopulated or altogether abandoned. …
Cranial morphology of early Americans from Lagoa Santa, Brazil
Comparative morphological studies of the earliest human skeletons of the New World have shown that, whereas late prehistoric, recent, and present Native Americans tend to exhibit a cranial morphology similar to late and modern Northern Asians (short and wide neurocrania; high, orthognatic and broad faces; and relatively high and narrow orbits and noses), the earliest South Americans tend to be more similar to present Australians, Melanesians, and…
Geochronology, sediment provenance, and fossil emplacement at Sumidouro Cave, a classic late Pleistocene/early Holocene Paleoanthropological site in eastern Brazil
Peter Wilhelm Lund's (1845a) heavily debated suggestion of a contemporaneity between Paleo‐Indians and extinct Pleistocene fauna at Sumidouro Cave was re‐examined through detailed sedimentological and geochronological analyses of sediment and both human and faunal remains. Sources of the cave's sediment include both entrances as well as ceiling fissures. Non‐human fossils, on the other hand, were probably carried by floodwater through the once mo…
A new early Holocene human skeleton from Brazil
East–West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian human populations of South America
E no princípio… era o macaco
Human occupation and paleoenvironments in South America
Uma revisão das informações arqueológicas produzidas no Brasil e países vizinhos durante as últimas décadas, aliada a uma análise de estudos paleoambientais recentes, sugerem que durante o Holoceno Médio amplas áreas da América do Sul deixaram de ser ocupadas por grupos humanos. Dados independentes, como datações de esqueletos humanos, estratigrafia de abrigos rochosos e cronologia de sítios arqueológicos a céu aberto convergem para a idéia de qu…
A origem do homem americano vista a partir da América do Sul
Até meados da década de 1990, predominava na literatura especializada que o Novo Mundo teria sido colonizado por três levas distintas, todas com origem no nordeste asiático. Na segunda metade da década, dois modelos alternativos começaram a desfrutar de grande popularidade entre a comunidade acadêmica internacional. O primeiro deles, denominado "Modelo dos Dois Componentes Biológicos Principais", baseado na variabilidade craniométrica de populaçõ…
Zuzu” strikes again—Morphological affinities of the early holocene human skeleton from Toca dos Coqueiros, Piaui, Brazil
The Serra da Capivara National Park in northeastern Brazil is one of the richest archaeological regions in South America. Nonetheless, so far only two paleoindian skeletons have been exhumed from the local rockshelters. The oldest one (9870 ± 50 BP; CAL 11060 ± 50), uncovered in Toca dos Coqueiros and known as “Zuzu,” represents a rare opportunity to explore the biological relationships of paleoindian groups living in northeastern Brazil. As prev…
Human skeletal remains from Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia
Human skeletal remains of the first Americans are scarce, especially in North America. In South America the situation is less dramatic. Two important archaeological regions have generated important collections that allow the analysis of the cranial morphological variation of the Early Americans: Lagoa Santa, Brazil, and Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. Human crania from the former region have been studied by one of us (WAN) and collaborators, showing …
Early Holocene human skeletal remains from Sumidouro Cave, Lagoa Santa, Brazil
East-West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian populations from Central and North America
On the Misclassification of Human Crania
Insights into Holocene megafauna survival and extinction in southeastern Brazil from new AMS 14 C dates
The extinction of late Quaternary megafauna in South America has been extensively debated in past decades. The majority of the hypotheses explaining this phenomenon argue that the extinction was the result of human activities, environmental changes, or even synergism between the two. Although still limited, a good chronological framework is imperative to discuss the plausibility of the available hypotheses. Here we present six new direct AMS 14 C…
Morphometric variables can be analyzed using cladistic methods
Geography (29 works) · Archaeology (23 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (21 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (19 works) · Biology (18 works) · Pleistocene (13 works) · Demography (11 works) · Evolutionary biology (10 works) · Holocene (10 works) · Paleopathology and ancient diseases (7 works)