Linda S Adair
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 82944 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Linda S Adair |
| PRENOMES | Linda S |
| SOBRENOME | Adair |
| ASSINATURA | ADAIR L S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3670-8073 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 94 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 307 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 94 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Factors Influencing Wasting in Children Under 5 in Arid Regions of Kenya
Child wasting is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Our study aimed to identify immediate, underlying and basic factors influencing wasting among children in Turkana and Samburu, two arid and semi-arid regions in Kenya. Data are from a longitudinal study of children under 3 years of age at baseline, with follow-up every 4 months for 2 years. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess risk factors of wasti…
A Mixed Methods Analysis of Factors That Influence the Diet Quality and Decision‐Making of Adolescent Girls in an Urban Informal Settlement in Kenya
Due to the nutrition transition, adolescent diets globally appear to be shifting to increased consumption of fast foods and snacks high in sodium, added sugar, and saturated fat. In urban informal settlements in Kenya, limited evidence suggests adolescents consume 1-2 meals per day, have low dietary diversity, and consume foods from roadside stalls. We characterized the diets of adolescent girls in an urban informal settlement in Kenya and assess…
Women’s health and well-being in five birth cohorts from low- and middle-income countries
Background: Women's health and well-being (WHW) have been receiving growing attention, but limited progress has been made on how to measure its different domains in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We used data from five long-term birth cohorts in Brazil, Guatemala, the Philippines and South Africa to explore different domains of adult WHW, and how these domains relate to early life exposures. Methods: Based upon an a priori conceptualis…
Intimate partner violence, depression, and chronic low‐grade inflammation among middle‐aged women in Cebu, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: Recent discussions in human biology have highlighted how local ecological contexts shape the relationship between social stressors and health across populations. Chronic low-grade inflammation has been proposed as a pathway linking social stressors to health, with evidence concentrated in high-income Western contexts. However, it remains unclear whether this is an important pathway in populations where prevalence is lower due to lower…
Awareness, experiences, and beliefs related to ultra-processed foods among young people in Cebu, Philippines
Facility-based care for moderately low birthweight infants in India, Malawi, and Tanzania
Globally, increasing rates of facility-based childbirth enable early intervention for small vulnerable newborns. We describe health system-level inputs, current feeding, and discharge practices for moderately low birthweight (MLBW) infants (1500- 10% less than their birthweight; 18.8% of infants were discharged with weights below facility-specific policy [1800g in India, 1500g in Malawi, and 2000g in Tanzania]. Based on descriptive analysis, we f…
Association between infectious exposures in infancy and epigenetic age acceleration in young adulthood in metropolitan Cebu, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: The drivers of human life expectancy gains over the past 200 years are not well-established, with a potential role for historical reductions in infectious disease. We investigate whether infectious exposures in infancy predict biological aging using DNA methylation-based markers that forecast patterns of morbidity and mortality later in life. METHODS: N = 1450 participants from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey-a prosp…
Early life predictors of body composition trajectories from adolescence to mid‐adulthood
OBJECTIVES: Guatemala has experienced rapid increases in adult obesity. We characterized body composition trajectories from adolescence to mid-adulthood and determined the predictive role of parental characteristics, early life factors, and a nutrition intervention. METHODS: One thousand three hundred and sixty-four individuals who participated as children in a nutrition trial (1969-1977) were followed prospectively. Body composition characterize…
Reply to Nwanaji‐Enwerema , 2023, “Exposome and low birthweight selection bias considerations in early life infections and epigenetic age relationships”
Subjective social status is associated with happiness but not weight status or psychological distress
Subjective social status showed small but consistent associations with happiness in birth cohorts independent of life-course SEP
Television viewing and using screens while eating
Changes in asset-based wealth across the life course in birth cohorts from five low- and middle-income countries
Temporally-harmonized asset indices displayed coherence with cross-sectional indices as well as construct validity with schooling
Stunting, IQ, and final school attainment in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey birth cohort
School attainment is an important aspect of human capital, and a key determinant of long-term health and well-being. Early life deprivation and poor nutritional status are well known predictors of school entry and progression. We examine the persistence of early life influences and subsequent socioeconomic disadvantage (SED) across the multiple school continuation decisions that lead to final school attainment. Using data from a Philippine birth …
Mexican households’ food shopping patterns in 2015
Objective: To examine patterns of taxed and untaxed food and beverage shopping across store types after Mexico’s sugary drink and non-essential food taxes, the nutritional quality of these patterns and the socio-economic characteristics associated with them. Design: We performed k -means cluster analyses using households’ percentage of food and beverage purchases from each store type (i.e. convenience stores, traditional shops (e.g. bodegas, tien…
Differential influences of early growth and social factors on young children's cognitive performance in four low-and-middle-income birth cohorts (Brazil, Guatemala, Philippines, and South Africa)
Across four low- and middle-income contexts, cognition in childhood is influenced more by the parental capacity of families and their economic resources than by birth weight and early linear growth. Improving children's cognitive functioning requires multi-sectoral interventions to improve parental education and enhance their economic wellbeing, interventions that are known to improve also early childhood growth
Evolutionary life history theory as an organising framework for cohort studies
By tracking a group of individuals through time, cohort studies provide fundamental insights into the developmental time course and causes of health and disease. Evolutionary life history theory seeks to explain patterns of growth, development, reproduction and senescence, and inspires a range of hypotheses that are testable using the longitudinal data from cohort studies. Here we review two decades of life history theory-motivated work conducted…
C-reactive protein response to influenza vaccination predicts cardiovascular disease risk in the Philippines
Inflammation is associated with increased risk for chronic degenerative diseases, as well as age-related functional declines across many systems and tissues. Current understandings of inflammation, aging, and human health are based on studies conducted almost exclusively in high-income nations that rely primarily on baseline measures of chronic inflammation. This analysis investigates the inflammatory response to vaccination as a predictor of car…
Decreased consumption of common weaning foods is associated with poor linear growth among HIV‐exposed infants participating in the Kigali antiretroviral and breastfeeding assessment for the eliminatio…
OBJECTIVE: The World Health Organization recommends that complementary foods that are adequate, safe, and appropriate be introduced to infants at age 6 months. Using an innovative modeling technique, we examine patterns of nutrient intake in HIV-exposed and uninfected (HEU) infants and establish their relationship with growth. METHODS: Single-day dietary recalls and anthropometrics were collected every two to 3 months from 543 infants living in K…
Ankle brachial index (ABI) in a cohort of older women in the Philippines
The prevalence of PAD is low in Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey participants, and ABI was related to few CVD risk factors. Past reports of lower PAD risk in relation to BMI may reflect confounding by lean mass, which has protective relationships with ABI
Determinants of growth in HIV ‐exposed and HIV ‐uninfected infants in the K abeho S tudy
HIV-exposed and HIV-uninfected (HEU) infants may be at increased risk of poor health and growth outcomes. We characterized infant growth trajectories in a cohort of HEU infants to identify factors associated with healthy growth. HIV-positive women participating in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programmes in Kigali, Rwanda, were followed until their infants were 2 years old. Infant anthropometrics were regularly collected. Latent …
Intermittent Preventive Therapy in Pregnancy and Incidence of Low Birth Weight in Malaria-Endemic Countries
Objectives. To estimate the impact of hypothetical antimalarial and nutritional interventions (which reduce the prevalence of low midupper arm circumference [MUAC]) on the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). Methods. We analyzed data from 14 633 pregnancies from 13 studies conducted across Africa and the Western Pacific from 1996 to 2015. We calculated population intervention effects for increasing intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (I…
Consumption of obesogenic foods in non‐Hispanic black mother–infant dyads
Obesity continues to be a problem in the United States. Of particular concern is the epidemic of early childhood obesity. A significant predictor of child diet is maternal diet, but little is known about this relationship during infancy. This study examined the association between maternal and infant consumption of key food groups from 6 to 18 months using data from the Infant Care, Feeding, and Risk of Obesity Study, a prospective cohort of 217 …
The effects of a lipid‐based nutrient supplement and antiretroviral therapy in a randomized controlled trial on iron, copper, and zinc in milk from HIV ‐infected M alawian mothers and associations wit…
We evaluated effects of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy and lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs) on iron, copper, and zinc in milk of exclusively breastfeeding HIV-infected Malawian mothers and their correlations with maternal and infant biomarkers. Human milk and blood at 2, 6, and 24 weeks post-partum and blood during pregnancy (≤30 weeks gestation) were collected from 535 mothers/infant-pairs in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutritio…
Consumption of key food groups during the postpartum period in low-income, non-Hispanic black mothers
Breastfeeding modifies the impact of diarrhoeal disease on relative weight
Undernutrition and diarrhoeal disease are major causes of infant mortality. We investigated the combined roles of breastfeeding and diarrhoea on infant size in 2940 infants from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. The study aimed to assess whether breastfeeding status modified the deficits associated with diarrhoeal disease. The primary exposures were combinations of current breastfeeding status (yes/no), the presence of diarrhoeal…
Who's at risk? Factors associated with intimate partner violence in the Philippines
Quantifying the urban environment
Development and validation of the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire
Defining the "urban" in urbanization and health
Obesity, race/ethnicity and the multiple dimensions of socioeconomic status during the transition to adulthood
Nutrition, lactation, and birth spacing in filipino women
The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey is used to examine the roles of women’s nutrition and infant feeding in determining time from birth to menses and time from menses to conception. The analysis sample includes 2,648 Filipino women followed for 24 months postpartum. Recently devised statistical estimation techniques to control for unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity are employed in estimating a two-state hazard model. Low body …
The duration of breast-feeding
Breast-feeding duration has important effects on a wide array of demographic and maternal and infant health outcomes. This study uses a discrete-time logit hazards model to explore the relationship of biological, sociodemographic, health sector, and food industry practices on the duration of full and partial breast-feeding in a sample of more than 2,600 infants from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Food industry and health secto…
Understanding the role of mediating risk factors and proxy effects in the association between socio-economic status and untreated hypertension
Influences on the Extent of Breast-Feeding
There has been much controversy about the impact of the health sector and the infant food industry on breast-feeding behavior. This study links causal factors to breast-feeding decisions, using a longitudinal survey of more than 3,000 Filipino mother-infant pairs. Most factors decreasing the likelihood that mothers will breast-feed seem to be related to family economics. Delivery in a private hospital, urban residence, high income, absence of spo…
Whatever Average Is
Biomedical researchers have raised concerns that mothers' inability to recognize infant and toddler overweight poses a barrier to stemming increasing rates of overweight and obesity, particularly among low-income or minority mothers. Little anthropological research has examined the sociocultural, economic or structural factors shaping maternal perceptions of infant and toddler size or addressed biomedical depictions of maternal misperception as a…
Multilevel examination of the association of urbanization with inflammation in Chinese adults
Seasonal variation in pre‐ and postpartum maternal body measurements and infant birth weights
A sample of 225 rural Taiwanese women were followed longitudinally through two successive pregnancy and lactation periods. Maternal pre‐ and postpartum weight and skinfold thicknesses and infant birth weights showed considerable seasonal variation. The lowest mean maternal weights, irrespective of pregnancy or lactation status, occurred in the summer months of June, July, and August, when temperatures and rainfall reach their yearly maxima. The l…
Effect of childbearing on Filipino women's work hours and earnings
Who’s feeding baby? Non-maternal involvement in feeding and its association with dietary intakes among infants and toddlers
Leptin in a lean population of Filipino adolescents
To clarify the role of leptin as a signal of energy status in humans, this study investigated the relationship of leptin to measures of body composition, maturity, and lifestyle factors in a lean sample of 293 male and 303 female Filipino adolescents (age 14–16 years). Participants were selected from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey, a representative birth cohort study begun in 1983. Using IOTF criteria, the prevalence of overwei…
Intergenerational Profiles of Socioeconomic (Dis)advantage and Obesity During the Transition to Adulthood
Investigations of socioeconomic status (SES) and health during the transition to adulthood in the United States are complicated by the later and more varied transitions in residence, employment, schooling, and social roles compared with previous generations. Parental SES is an important influence during adolescence but cannot sufficiently capture the SES of the independent young adult. Typical, single SES indicators based on income or education l…
Comparative insights into the regulation of inflammation
Inflammation is a central part of innate immunity, but its role in anti‐pathogen defenses has been overshadowed by recent interest in the contribution of inflammation to a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases. Current research on chronic inflammation is conducted primarily in affluent populations with low levels of infectious disease; comparative research in different ecological settings is needed to advance understandings of the causes an…
Television viewing and using screens while eating
Parental compensatory behaviors and early child health outcomes in Cebu, Philippines
Part 1
Nutritional Anthropology
Seasonal variation in pre‐ and postpartum maternal body measurements and infant birth weights
A sample of 225 rural Taiwanese women were followed longitudinally through two successive pregnancy and lactation periods. Maternal pre‐ and postpartum weight and skinfold thicknesses and infant birth weights showed considerable seasonal variation. The lowest mean maternal weights, irrespective of pregnancy or lactation status, occurred in the summer months of June, July, and August, when temperatures and rainfall reach their yearly maxima. The l…
Part 1
Applied Anthropology
Growth of Filipino infants who differ in body proportions at birth
Growth of infants who differ in body proportions at birth was followed during the first 12 months of life. The sample of 2,695 infants from Metropolitan Cebu, in the Central Philippines, was divided into five groups based on a cross tabulation of low‐birth‐weight(LBW) status (2,500 g or less) with low ( 90th percentile)Rohre's Index (RI). The groups exhibited significant differences in growth patterns. The importance of these groups, which reflec…
Breast-feeding and Diarrheal Morbidity
This study used a unique longitudinal survey of more than 3000 mother-infant pairs observed from pregnancy through infancy. The sample is representative of infants from the Cebu region of the Philippines. The sequencing of breast-feeding and diarrheal morbidity events was carefully examined in a longitudinal analysis which allowed for the examination of age-specific effects of feeding patterns. Because the work controlled for a wide range of envi…
Influences on the Extent of Breast-Feeding
There has been much controversy about the impact of the health sector and the infant food industry on breast-feeding behavior. This study links causal factors to breast-feeding decisions, using a longitudinal survey of more than 3,000 Filipino mother-infant pairs. Most factors decreasing the likelihood that mothers will breast-feed seem to be related to family economics. Delivery in a private hospital, urban residence, high income, absence of spo…
Postpartum nutritional status of Filipino women
Postpartum weight, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold thicknesses (TSF) and upper arm circumferences (AC) were measured bimonthly for 24 months in a large cohort of urban and rural Filipino women. Weight loss, leading to an increasing prevalence of low BMI (
Nutrition, lactation, and birth spacing in filipino women
The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey is used to examine the roles of women’s nutrition and infant feeding in determining time from birth to menses and time from menses to conception. The analysis sample includes 2,648 Filipino women followed for 24 months postpartum. Recently devised statistical estimation techniques to control for unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity are employed in estimating a two-state hazard model. Low body …
The duration of breast-feeding
Breast-feeding duration has important effects on a wide array of demographic and maternal and infant health outcomes. This study uses a discrete-time logit hazards model to explore the relationship of biological, sociodemographic, health sector, and food industry practices on the duration of full and partial breast-feeding in a sample of more than 2,600 infants from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Food industry and health secto…
Long term consequences of early environment
Long term consequences of early environment
Filipino Children Exhibit Catch-Up Growth from Age 2 to 12 Years
Severity and Timing of Stunting in the First Two Years of Life Affect Performance on Cognitive Tests in Late Childhood
Overweight and Underweight Coexist within Households in Brazil, China and Russia
Size at Birth Predicts Age at Menarche
OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship of intrauterine growth, measured by size and maturity at birth, to age at menarche, while also considering a wide range of other factors that may affect maturation. The research is motivated by the current debate about the importance of the prenatal environment as a determinant of later disease risk. METHODS: Data were collected during the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. This communit…
Defining the "urban" in urbanization and health
The underweight/overweight household
Objective: The goal of this paper is to explore the hypothesis that the nutrition transition is related to households having an underweight and an overweight member simultaneously (under/over households and under/over pairs). Design: The 1993 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to test the association between being an under/over household and household characteristics related to the nutrition transition. Sociodemographic and diet pa…
Differences in stunting prevalences calculated from two similar growth references may be large and inconsistent in undernourished children
When applied to an undernourished population, the two references in question perform differently, with inconsistencies in direction and magnitude of Z-scores and stunting prevalences. The 2000 CDC growth references are clearly an improved tool. However, there are challenges inherent in switching to a new reference that will require the attention of researchers and field workers
Effect of childbearing on Filipino women's work hours and earnings
Who's at risk? Factors associated with intimate partner violence in the Philippines
The Relationship of Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Factors, and Overweight in U.S. Adolescents
Objective: To examine the extent to which race/ethnic differences in income and education account for sex‐specific disparities in overweight prevalence in white, African American, Hispanic, and Asian U.S. teens. Research Methods and Procedures: We used nationally representative data collected from 13,113 U.S. adolescents enrolled in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relations…
Assessing the net effect of young maternal age on birthweight
Pregnancy during adolescence presents an increased risk for low birthweight, which is attributed not only to physiologic immaturity but also to socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors associated with adolescence. The independent effect of maternal age on birthweight is difficult to ascertain because age is closely entangled with these risks. We first examined the effect of being an adolescent mother on these risk pathways and then estimated the…
Atherogenic lipid profiles in Filipino adolescents with low body mass index and low dietary fat intake
This study reports mean lipid levels and their association with body composition, diet, and activity level in 300 male and 308 female adolescents (14-16 years) living in Cebu City, the Philippines. Participants were selected from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS), a 1-year birth cohort study begun in 1982-83. Lipid profiles suggest high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in this sample, despite low intake of dietary fat (22…
Understanding the role of mediating risk factors and proxy effects in the association between socio-economic status and untreated hypertension
Medicine (87 obras) · Demography (61 obras) · Environmental health (52 obras) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (36 obras) · Birth, Development, and Health (35 obras) · Demography (33 obras) · Population (32 obras) · Internal Medicine (30 obras) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (29 obras) · Biology (26 obras)