Jay S Kaufman
Biographic Data
| ID | 83651 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jay S Kaufman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jay S |
| FAMILY NAME | Kaufman |
| SIGNATURE | KAUFMAN J S |
| AFFILIATIONS | McGill University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1606-401X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 93 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 443 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 93 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Scale matters
Multilevel modelling of structured intersectional inequalities in child anaemia in Peru
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic exposures related to anaemia in Peruvian children have been modelled assuming additive or log-additive relationships, yet such approaches overlook the fact that illness emerges from the complex interplay of multiple, intersecting determinants. Using data from the 2017-2023 Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey, we cross-classified age, wealth index, maternal education, ethnicity and region of residence to estimate the p…
Variance partition that eludes intuition
Impact of a 10-year shift in ambient air quality on mortality in Canada
Association of housing tenure and unaffordable housing with preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes in Canada
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic risk factors are known drivers of adverse birth outcomes. Housing is a key target for policy interventions. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the associations of housing tenure (renting vs owning) and unaffordable housing with preterm birth and other adverse birth outcomes. METHODS: We used 2014-2016 Canadian birth registration data linked with the 2016 long-form census and included singleton births among homeowners and renters. Un…
Impact of Peru’s women’s emergency centres on the reporting of physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence
BACKGROUND: Violence against women is a global problem with serious consequences. In response, Peru established women's emergency centres or Centros de Emergencia Mujer (CEMs) in 1999, offering support services like psychological and legal counselling for women suffering from violence. CEMs also implemented preventive activities such as educational programmes and community outreach to prevent domestic violence. This study aimed to assess the impa…
Diminished returns of maternal education on children's vaccination status for indigenous women in Peru
Marginalization-related diminished returns of education level on self-rated physical and mental health among immigrants
Global burden of lower respiratory infections during the last three decades
Background: Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) cause a substantial mortality, morbidity and economic burden. The present study reported the global, regional and national burden of LRIs and their attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, between 1990 and 2019, by age, sex, etiology, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Methods: Using publicly available data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, we reported the incide…
Mediation of the Effect of Incarceration on Selling Sex Among Black Sexual Minority Men and Black Transgender Women in the HPTN 061 Study
Uncovering the impact of Covid-19 on the place of death of cancer patients in South America
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare systems worldwide, especially on the management of chronic diseases such as cancer. This study explores the effects of COVID-19 on cancer mortality trends in Brazil, Chile, and Peru. The monthly age-standardized mortality rates in different places of death (hospital/clinic or home) were estimated using vital statistics and death certificate databases. An interrupted time series analysis …
Social Epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study of illness in populations, and social epidemiology is the branch of this field that focuses on the study of relations between social factors and disease in populations. This study includes surveillance, prediction, and etiologic investigations on distribution of disease according to all manner of social identity, position, status, and class. The most common dimensions employed are race/ethnicity, gender, and various meas…
Police harassment and psychosocial vulnerability, distress, and depressive symptoms among black men who have sex with men in the U.S
The mental health impact of exposure to police harassment is understudied, particularly among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM), a group at elevated risk of exposure to such discrimination. This study aimed to identify the associations among BMSM between recent police harassment and psychosocial vulnerability, psychological distress, and depression measured six months later. Data come from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 061 Study, …
Housing conditions and adverse birth outcomes among Indigenous people in Canada
Balancing work and care
Increasing caregiving needs for family members has created pressure on prime-age workers. Combined with the ageing population, the demand for care related to illness and disability by relatives mean more of the workforce may have to consider caring needs (Bauer and Sousa-Poza, 2015). ‘Informal caregivers’ provide care generally without payment (Yoo et al. , 2004). In contrast to formal care, informal caregivers usually have a close relationship w…
The impact of increasing the minimum legal age for work on school attendance in low- and middle-income countries
Several countries have increased their legal minimum age for work in line with international conventions on child labor. We evaluated the effect of increasing the legal minimum age for work on school attendance in 3 low- and middle-income countries using difference-in-differences analyses. Increasing the legal minimum age for work increased school attendance by 3.0 (0.2, 5.8) percentage-points in Malawi, and 2.0 (0.2, 3.6) percentage-points in Co…
Social Determinants of Health
Health profile differences between recipients and non-recipients of the Brazilian Income Transfer Program in a low-income population
We investigated the relationship between living in a household that receives the Brazilian Income Transfer Program (Bolsa Família, in Portuguese - BF), a Brazilian conditional cash transfer program, and aspects of health and whether these relationships are heterogeneous across the 27 Brazilian states. According to data from the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey, 18% of households participated in BF. Among households with household per capita …
Trends in the contribution of major causes of death to the black-white life expectancy gap by US state
Paediatric obesity appears to lower the risk of diabetes if selection bias is ignored
BACKGROUND: Frustrated with the onslaught of articles reporting fascination with results that appear paradoxical but are merely due to selection bias, we studied the apparent effect of obesity on diabetes risk in youth who had a test for diabetes. We hypothesised that obese subjects would have lower rates of diabetes than non-obese subjects due to selection bias, and consequently, obesity would appear to lower the risk of diabetes. METHODS: Retro…
Adverse birth outcomes and infant mortality according to registered First Nations status and First Nations community residence across Canada
The impact of intimate partner violence on women's contraceptive use
Effect of a conditional cash transfer program on length-for-age and weight-for-age in Brazilian infants at 24 months using doubly-robust, targeted estimation
The heterogeneity of vulnerability in public health
The concept of vulnerability is frequently used in public health policies to develop tailored interventions or dedicate proportionately more resources to certain sub-populations. However, once segments of the population are identified as vulnerable, they are rarely consulted regarding whether this label is acceptable before instituting interventions. Instead, it is implicitly assumed that the targeted individuals identify themselves as vulnerable…
Paternal education and adverse birth outcomes in Canada
BACKGROUND: Research on predictors of adverse birth outcomes has focused on maternal characteristics. Much less is known about the role of paternal factors. Paternal education is an important socioeconomic marker that may predict birth outcomes over and above maternal socioeconomic indicators. METHODS: Using data from the 2006 Canadian Birth-Census Cohort, we estimated the associations between paternal education and preterm birth, small-for-gesta…
The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index
Defining Urban and Rural Areas in U.S. Epidemiologic Studies
Mortality patterns among adult Hispanics
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality pattern of the adult Hispanic population in the United States. METHODS: This was a cohort study using data from the National Health Interview Survey from 1986 through 1990. Deaths were ascertained by matching the National Death Index through 1991. RESULTS: This representative national sample included 297,640 non-Hispanic Whites, 53,552 Blacks, and 27,239 Hispanics, all aged 18 year…
Socioeconomic domains and associations with preterm birth
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Clines Without Classes
This article examines Shiao, Bode, Beyer, and Selvig's (2012) arguments in their article 'The Genomic Challenge to the Social Construction of Race' and finds that their claims are based on fundamentally flawed interpretations of current genetic research. We discuss current genomic and genetic knowledge about human biological variation to demonstrate why and how Shiao et al.'s recommendations for future sociological studies and social policy, base…
Neighborhood ethnic density and preterm birth across seven ethnic groups in New York City
Obesity, race/ethnicity and life course socioeconomic status across the transition from adolescence to adulthood
BACKGROUND: Differences in the association of socioeconomic status (SES) with obesity may underlie the racial/ethnic disparities in obesity that increase dramatically across the transition to adulthood in the United States. The aim of this study was to examine racial/ethnic differences in the influence of life course SES on longitudinal obesity patterns from adolescence to adulthood. METHODS: Latent class analysis was used on a nationally represe…
Epidemiologic analysis of racial/ethnic disparities
Removing user fees for facility-based delivery services
BACKGROUND: Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa have recently adopted policies that remove user fees for facility-based delivery services. There is little rigorous evidence of the impact of these policies on utilization of delivery services and no evaluations have examined effects on neonatal mortality rates (NMR). In this article, we estimate the causal effect of removing user fees on the proportion of births delivered in facilities, the pro…
Social Determinants of Health
Obesity, race/ethnicity and the multiple dimensions of socioeconomic status during the transition to adulthood
Maternal Weathering and Risk of Preterm Delivery
Objectives. We compared the association between advancing maternal age and risk of preterm delivery across 4 groups (Black smokers, Black nonsmokers, White smokers, White nonsmokers) and within the context of neighborhood deprivation levels. Methods. We obtained data from linked census and birth records for singletons (n = 182 938) delivered by women aged 20 to 39 years in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Baltimore, Maryland; 16 Michigan cities; 3 Mar…
Cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status and markers of inflammation in adulthood
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status (SES) and adult levels of inflammatory risk markers (fibrinogen, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and an overall inflammatory score). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: 12,681 white and African-American participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and two ancillary…
Effects of racial density and income incongruity on pregnancy outcomes in less segregated communities
Neighborhood Factors Associated with Physical Activity and Adequacy of Weight Gain During Pregnancy
Trends in the contribution of major causes of death to the black-white life expectancy gap by US state
Incarceration and Risky Sexual Partnerships in a Southern US City
Causal inference from randomized trials in social epidemiology
Achieving effective universal health coverage with equity
Chile's 'health guarantees' approach to providing universal and equitable coverage for quality healthcare in a dual public-private health system has generated global interest. The programme, called AUGE, defines legally enforceable rights to explicit healthcare benefits for priority health conditions, which incrementally covered 56 problems representing 75% of the disease burden between 2005 and 2009. It was accompanied by other health reform mea…
Stress and the City
Intergenerational Profiles of Socioeconomic (Dis)advantage and Obesity During the Transition to Adulthood
Investigations of socioeconomic status (SES) and health during the transition to adulthood in the United States are complicated by the later and more varied transitions in residence, employment, schooling, and social roles compared with previous generations. Parental SES is an important influence during adolescence but cannot sufficiently capture the SES of the independent young adult. Typical, single SES indicators based on income or education l…
Perceived Everyday Racism, Residential Segregation, and HIV Testing Among Patients at a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic
Objectives. More than one quarter of HIV-infected people are undiagnosed and therefore unaware of their HIV-positive status. Blacks are disproportionately infected. Although perceived racism influences their attitudes toward HIV prevention, how racism influences their behaviors is unknown. We sought to determine whether perceiving everyday racism and racial segregation influence Black HIV testing behavior. Methods. This was a clinic-based, multil…
Socioeconomic status and morbidity in the last years of life
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of socioeconomic status, as characterized by level of education, on morbidity and disability in the last years of life. METHODS: The analysis used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1986-1990), with mortality follow-up through December 1991. RESULTS: Among 10,932 decedents 50 years or older at baseline interview, educational attainment was inversely associated with long-term limitation of a…
The impact of intimate partner violence on women's contraceptive use
Socioeconomic Status and Health in Blacks and Whites
A large number of epidemiologic studies have focused on racial/ethnic differences, particularly between blacks and whites. Because health endpoints and racial categorizations are associated with socioeconomic status, investigators generally adjust for socioeconomic indicators. The intention is usually to control for confounding, thereby making groups comparable and excluding socioeconomic status as an alternative explanation to hypotheses of inna…
Mortality patterns among adult Hispanics
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality pattern of the adult Hispanic population in the United States. METHODS: This was a cohort study using data from the National Health Interview Survey from 1986 through 1990. Deaths were ascertained by matching the National Death Index through 1991. RESULTS: This representative national sample included 297,640 non-Hispanic Whites, 53,552 Blacks, and 27,239 Hispanics, all aged 18 year…
Socioeconomic status and morbidity in the last years of life
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of socioeconomic status, as characterized by level of education, on morbidity and disability in the last years of life. METHODS: The analysis used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1986-1990), with mortality follow-up through December 1991. RESULTS: Among 10,932 decedents 50 years or older at baseline interview, educational attainment was inversely associated with long-term limitation of a…
No More “Slavery Hypothesis” Yarns
Department of Epidemiology University of North Carolina School of Public Health Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Race and Genomics
These two articles present contrasting views of the usefulness of the concept of race in biomedical research and clinical practice.
Causal inference from randomized trials in social epidemiology
The Disparity in Access to New Medication by Type of Health Insurance
BACKGROUND: Drug provision within the German statutory health insurance system has undergone several reforms, including the introduction of drug macrobudgets in 1993. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which statutorily (SHI) and fully privately (PHI) health-insured patients were provided with new medication recommended by professional bodies in an equitable fashion using the example of migraine patients. RESE…
Evaluating the evidence for models of life course socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular outcomes
Pregnancy Intendedness, Maternal Psychosocial Factors and Preterm Birth
Can Shelter-Based Interventions Improve Treatment Engagement in Homeless Individuals With Psychiatric and/or Substance Misuse Disorders
BACKGROUND: High proportions of homeless individuals have mental illness and substance use disorders. Few of these individuals engage in consistent treatment, although they are likely to benefit from it. Shelter-based interventions to help this population engage in treatment have not been studied in a rigorous manner. OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a shelter-based intervention, including intensive outreach by a psychiatric…
Neighborhood Crime, Deprivation, and Preterm Birth
The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index
Defining Urban and Rural Areas in U.S. Epidemiologic Studies
HIV Testing Among Young Adults in the United States
We estimated prevalence and odds ratios for self-reported HIV testing among sexually experienced young adults using nationally representative data obtained from Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). The prevalence of testing in the past year was 18.8%. Young adults who had private or no health insurance were less likely to report testing than were young adults who had public health insurance, particularly …
Black Sexuality, Social Construction, and Research Targeting ‘The Down Low’ (‘The DL’)
The Science and Business of Genetic Ancestry Testing
Commercially available tests of genetic ancestry have significant scientific limitations, but are serious matters for many test-takers.
Early-life and adult socioeconomic status and inflammatory risk markers in adulthood
Neighborhood Deprivation and Preterm Birth among Non-Hispanic Black and White Women in Eight Geographic Areas in the United States
Disparities in preterm birth by race and ethnic group have been demonstrated in the United States. Recent research has focused on the impact of neighborhood context on racial disparities in pregnancy outcomes. The authors utilized vital-record birth certificate data and US Census data from eight geographic areas in four states (Maryland, Michigan, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) to examine the relation between neighborhood deprivation and prete…
Incarceration and Risky Sexual Partnerships in a Southern US City
Neighborhood Factors Associated with Physical Activity and Adequacy of Weight Gain During Pregnancy
Association Between Adult and Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in African Americans
We evaluated the association between socioeconomic status (SES) during childhood and adulthood and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in African Americans. Higher adult educational status and adult skilled occupation were protective against the metabolic syndrome, but no associations were found between the metabolic syndrome and other SES variables. Differences by gender were observed. Improving access to education among African Americans could…
N –3 Fatty acids, hypertension and risk of cognitive decline among older adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (Aric) study
Objective Recent research indicates that n –3 fatty acids can inhibit cognitive decline, perhaps differentially by hypertensive status. Design We tested these hypotheses in a prospective cohort study (the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities). Dietary assessment using a food-frequency questionnaire and plasma fatty acid exposure by gas chromatography were completed in 1987–1989 (visit 1), while cognitive assessment with three screening tools – the…
A Conceptual Framework for Hispanic Oral Health Care
The need to study the health and health care determinants of US Hispanics is mandated by their rapid population growth. Nonetheless, it is challenging to study such a diverse population that incorporates many similarities and differences in values and experiences. This paper aims to highlight the factors that should be considered in Hispanic oral health research in the United States, and presents, in a theoretical framework, the relationships bet…
Cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status and markers of inflammation in adulthood
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between cumulative life course and adult socioeconomic status (SES) and adult levels of inflammatory risk markers (fibrinogen, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and an overall inflammatory score). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: 12,681 white and African-American participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and two ancillary…
Socioeconomic domains and associations with preterm birth
Medicine (80 works) · Demography (55 works) · Environmental health (52 works) · Population (42 works) · Sociology (31 works) · Gerontology (29 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (29 works) · Demography (27 works) · Psychology (27 works) · Socioeconomic status (24 works)