Marc F Oxenham
Biographic Data
| ID | 84116 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Marc F Oxenham |
| GIVEN NAMES | Marc F |
| FAMILY NAME | Oxenham |
| SIGNATURE | OXENHAM M F |
| AFFILIATIONS | Australian National University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5804-2145 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 75 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 534 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 73 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
A New Model for Identifying and Interpreting Evidence for Child Abuse and Neglect in the Archaeological Record
A model for identifying and discussing evidence for child abuse and neglect in the osteoarchaeological record is developed and applied using an illustrative example. The model draws on osteoarchaeological and clinical-forensic paediatric sources and is calibrated against rigourous levels of proof. The child-centric perspective references their lived experience, while the inclusion of archaeological data and historical information facilitates infe…
Nutritional Deficiency Contributing to Physical Impairment of an Individual in the Metal Period Philippines (~2000–1800 bp )
Scurvy is being increasingly identified in deep antiquity in the tropics of the Asia‐Pacific region. We report a case of scurvy in a young adult male from Metal Period (~2000–1800 bp ) northern Philippines who lived with previously identified at least partial immobility due to left hip ankylosis that likely formed in adulthood. Our follow up paleopathological examination of the complete skeleton identified symmetrical and discrete new bone and/or…
Dental Stigmata and Skeletal Lesions of Congenital Treponematosis in Early Agricultural Vietnam (4000–3500 bp )
Prior research has documented treponematosis at a single site in Mainland Southeast Asia from northern Vietnam dated to the early agricultural transition (~4000–3500 bp ). To date, no other cases in Southeast Asia's prehistory have been identified. Here, we present evidence for congenital treponematosis in three non‐adults from two different sites in north and south Neolithic Vietnam (4000–3200 bp ) who present with dental and/or skeletal evidenc…
Exploring total fertility rates and potential sample bias in the Early Medieval Period
A Method for Detecting Bias in Human Archaeological Cemetery Samples
This paper aims to provide a methodological approach to identify potential bias in cemetery sample age-at-death distributions and provide an alternative way to report fertility despite underenumeration. The method involves comparing total fertility rate (TFR) estimates from two empirically derived models developed on a United Nations mortality and fertility dataset. The models utilize different age cohorts in their calculations (one relies on the…
Fragmentary and dispersed
Bioarchaeological analyses of preadults provide a wealth of information about past lifeways and social structures, including aspects of personhood. However, studies of personhood and childhood in archaeological hunter-gatherer (or forager) contexts remain limited, particularly for Southeast Asia. Here, we explore aspects of personhood and the lived experiences of preadults at Con Co Ngua, an early seventh millennium BP sedentary hunter-gatherer c…
Hypomineralization disorder in tropical Southeast Asia during the agricultural revolution
This paper presents evidence for hypomineralization disorders (rickets and osteomalacia) in non-adults at Man Bac, a Neolithic site from northern Vietnam dated to 4000-3500BP, contributing to the well-described disease burden at the site that includes scurvy, treponemal disease, thalassemia, and malaria. Forty-four non-adults (<20 years of age-at-death) were assessed for macroscopic and radiographic evidence for hypomineralization disorders. Diff…
A Comparative Study of Norse Palaeodemography in the North Atlantic
Our core aim is to compare the population dynamics of homeland and diaspora Norse communities in the North Atlantic through the lens of preadult representation. Our approach is to use the D0/14 palaeodemographic index to compare and contrast data sourced from twenty-one archaeological sites in the North Atlantic, including Scandinavia, Scotland, Ireland, Iceland, and Greenland that represent both homeland and frontier Norse communities including …
Chronology, duration, and periodicity of linear enamel hypoplasia at the late Iron Age site Non Ban Jak, Thailand
Past rainfall patterns in Southeast Asia revealed by microanalysis of δ18O values in human teeth
Variations in human subsistence and settlement patterns have been documented at Holocene archaeological sites across Island and Mainland Southeast Asia. Although climate is frequently invoked as a causal mechanism underlying this variation, direct evidence of ancient rainfall variability on the scale of human lifetimes has thus far been elusive. Here we use a novel time-resolute method for in situ measurement of human tooth enamel δ18O values (n …
Diverse Ceramic Technologies in Neolithic Southern Vietnam
The initial appearance of fine, incised, and impressed ceramics dating to the Neolithic period (4200–3000 b.p.) in southern Vietnam was associated with the emergence and spread of sedentary settlements, cereal agriculture, and new forms of material culture. However, differences existed in contemporary ceramic technologies between sites. This article presents a preliminary characterization of the pottery found at Rach Nui, a habitation site with a…
Diverse Ceramic Technologies in Neolithic Southern Vietnam
Comparisons of Age-at-Death Distributions among Extinct Hominins and Extant Nonhuman Primates Indicate Normal Mortality
Identity and community structure in Neolithic Man Bac, northern Vietnam
Temporal trends in the Colonisation of the Pacific
The colonisation of eastern parts of the Pacific Islands was the last phase in the preindustrial expansion of the human species. Given the scale and challenges of the endeavour it is unsurprising that scholars have long been interested in understanding the conditions that drove and supported the exploration and settlement of this vast region. There has been speculation as to the influence of demographic factors, either as drivers or in some way r…
Two Probable Cases of Infection with Treponema pallidum during the Neolithic Period in Northern Vietnam (ca. 2000–1500 B.C.)
Skeletal evidence of two probable cases of treponematosis, caused by infection with the bacterium Treponema pallidum, from the northern Vietnamese early Neolithic site of Man Bac (1906–1523 cal B.C.) is described. The presence of nodes of subperiosteal new bone directly associated with superficial focal cavitations in a young adult male and a seven-year- old child are strongly diagnostic for treponemal disease. Climatic and epidemiological contex…
Asymmetric midshaft femur remodeling in an adult male with left sided hip joint ankylosis, Metal Period Nagsabaran, Philippines
A paleoepidemiological approach to the osteological paradox
OBJECTIVES: The Osteological Paradox posits that skeletal lesions may differentially be interpreted as representing resilience or frailty. However, specific consideration of the etiologies and demographic distributions of individual skeletal indicators can inform the criteria on which to differentiate stress, frailty, and resilience. Adopting a life history approach and adaptive plasticity model, this study proposes a framework for the analysis a…
A stabilized maternal mortality rate estimator for biased skeletal samples
This paper seeks to provide a stabilized (i.e. less vulnerable to differences in sex representation) equation for estimating maternal mortality for biased skeletal samples. The stabilized equation is developed and tested on the United Nations data used to develop the original method (McFadden and Oxenham, Current Anthropology, 60(1), 141-146), and is applied to 16 bioarchaeological samples from mainland Southeast Asia. First-order correlations an…
The Neolithic transition in Vietnam
A new comprehensive quantitative approach for the objective identification and analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in worn archaeological dental assemblages
Shifting subsistence patterns from the Terminal Pleistocene to Late Holocene
New distance‐based exponential regression method and equations for estimating the chronology of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) defects on the anterior dentition
OBJECTIVES: We present a new distance-based exponential regression approach based on published histological data to refine the objectivity, accuracy, and precision of age estimates of LEH defect formation on the anterior dentition. METHODS: Published histological data of anterior tooth crown growth for two samples (northern European and southern African) were fitted with exponential trendlines to construct exponential regression equations for eac…
Ageing the elderly
This study reports on the use of a proportional measure to estimate the age-at-death distribution of an assemblage and, when combined with a seriation method, additionally estimate the age-at-death of individuals. Traditional methods of estimating age-at-death suffer from a number of issues, including decreasing accuracy with increasing age, age mimicry of the reference population, and difficulty balancing accuracy with precision. A new method is…
The Paleodemographic Measure of Maternal Mortality and a Multifaceted Approach to Maternal Health
This study aims to develop a way to estimate the maternal mortality rate (women per 100,000 who die during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days) of past populations and describe the potential practical applications of such a measure. Using age-at-death data and maternal mortality rates for 76 countries from the United Nations database for the years 1990-1995, we examined the correlation between the rates and female-to-male death ratios during…
Porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia
A recent paper by Walker et al. (2009) states that iron-deficiency anaemia can no longer be regarded as being a cause of porotic hyperostosis (PH) or cribra orbitalia (CO). It is argued here that this conclusion is not supported by the current literature
Biological Responses to Change in Prehistoric Viet Nam
A bioarchaeological analysis of human remains from Con Co Ngua, a Da But culture period cemetery site in northern Viet Nam (n = 96), and an aggregated sample from 11 sites, mostly from the Red River delta region (n = 96) representing the emerging Metal period in the same region, is carried out. This study focuses on a range of skeletal and dental signatures of both health and behavior, including carious lesions, antemortem tooth loss, alveolar de…
The first settlement of Remote Oceania
The authors compare pottery assemblages in the Marianas and the Philippines to claim endorsement for a first human expansion into the open Pacific around 1500 BC. The Marianas are separated from the Philippines by 2300km of open sea, so they are proposing an epic pioneering voyage of men and women, with presumably some cultivated plants but apparently no animals. How did they manage this unprecedented journey
Terminal Pleistocene human skeleton from Hang Cho Cave, northern Vietnam
An excavation at the cave site of Hang Cho in northern Vietnam resulted in the discovery of a terminal Pleistocene human skeleton in a relatively good state of preservation. The material culture from this site belongs to the pre-ceramic Hoabinhian period. An AMS radiocarbon date on a tooth sample extracted from this individual gives a calibrated age of 10450 ± 300 years BP. In discussions of the population history of Southeast Asia, it has been r…
Emergence and Diversification of the Neolithic in Southern Vietnam
We examine the southern Vietnamese site of Rach Nui, dated to between 3390 and 3850 cal BP, in the context of three major aspects of the Neolithic in Mainland Southeast Asia: mound formation and chronology, construction techniques, and subsistence economy. Results indicate that this ca. 75 m in diameter, 5 m high mound, comprising over a dozen phases of earthen platforms, upon which were raised sophisticated wooden structures, was built in <200 y…
Morphometric affinity of the late Neolithic human remains from Man Bac, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam
The excavation of the Man Bac site (c. 3800-3500 years BP) in Ninh Binh Province, Northern Vietnam, yielded a large mortuary assemblage. A total of 31 inhumations were recovered during the 2004-2005 excavation. Multivariate comparisons using cranial and dental metrics demonstrated close affinities of the Man Bac people to later early Metal Age Dong Son Vietnamese and early and modern samples from southern China including the Neolithic to Western …
Health and the Experience of Childhood in Late Neolithic Viet Nam
The article aims to examine aspects of mortuary behavior in late Neolithic/early Bronze Age (Phung Nguyen phase) populations represented at the site of Man Bac in Viet Nam, specifically how mortuary behavior illuminates the role of children, and adult attitudes toward children. In addition, the authors discuss biological characteristics of the human sample, focusing particularly on the child burials, in order to explore aspects of childhood palae…
A paleoepidemiological approach to the osteological paradox
OBJECTIVES: The Osteological Paradox posits that skeletal lesions may differentially be interpreted as representing resilience or frailty. However, specific consideration of the etiologies and demographic distributions of individual skeletal indicators can inform the criteria on which to differentiate stress, frailty, and resilience. Adopting a life history approach and adaptive plasticity model, this study proposes a framework for the analysis a…
Paralysis and severe disability requiring intensive care in Neolithic Asia
This communication documents one of the earliest verifiable cases of human paralysis associated with severe spinal pathology. A series of skeletal abnormalities is described for a young adult male (M9) from a Southeast Asian Neolithic community. Differential diagnosis suggests that M9 suffered from a severely disabling congenital fusion of the spine (Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Type III), resulting in child-onset lower body paralysis at a minimum (max…
Demographic transitions and migration in prehistoric East/Southeast Asia through the lens of nonmetric dental traits
The aim of this study is to examine and assess the nonmetric dental trait evidence for the population history of East and Southeast Asia and, more specifically, to test the two‐layer hypothesis for the peopling of Southeast Asia. Using a battery of 21 nonmetric dental traits we examine 7,247 individuals representing 58 samples drawn from East and Southeast Asian populations inhabiting the region from the late Pleistocene, through the Neolithic, B…
A Case of Maternal and Perinatal Death in Neolithic Southern Vietnam, c. 2100–1050 BCE
Despite ostensibly elevated rates of young female mortality in the past, believed to be associated with the risks of pregnancy and child birth, surprisingly few cases of pregnant female burials are reported in the bioarchaeological literature. This paper describes and discusses the case of a young female who died and was interred with an unborn full‐term breech foetus at the Neolithic site of An Son, southern Vietnam c. 2100–1050BCE. Her exceptio…
The Paleodemographic Measure of Maternal Mortality and a Multifaceted Approach to Maternal Health
This study aims to develop a way to estimate the maternal mortality rate (women per 100,000 who die during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days) of past populations and describe the potential practical applications of such a measure. Using age-at-death data and maternal mortality rates for 76 countries from the United Nations database for the years 1990-1995, we examined the correlation between the rates and female-to-male death ratios during…
Skeletal evidence for the emergence of infectious disease in bronze and iron age northern Vietnam
Human skeletal evidence for the emergence of chronic infectious disease in northern Vietnam is examined. The sample includes the remains of 192 individuals representing the Mid-Holocene and Bronze to Iron Ages. The objective is to see if the transition from sedentary, foraging, coastally oriented economies to centralized chiefdoms with attendant development and intensification of agriculture, trade, metal technologies, warfare, and population inc…
Identification of (Betel Nut) Residues on the Dentitions of Bronze Age Inhabitants of Nui Nap, Northern Vietnam
Oral and physiological paleohealth in cold adapted peoples
This paper examines variables useful in reconstructing oral (caries, antemortem tooth loss, alveolar defects) and physiological (cribra orbitalia, linear enamel hypoplasia) well‐being in two bioarchaeological assemblages from Hokkaido, Japan: Okhotsk ( n =37 individuals) and Jomon ( n =60). Findings are compared and contrasted with each other, with published series from Honshu Japan, and samples from climatically near‐equivalent Alaska. It was fo…
Shifting subsistence patterns from the Terminal Pleistocene to Late Holocene
The D0‐14/D ratio
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to develop a new subadult-adult ratio for application to sites with good infant representation and to produce an equation to estimate the total fertility rate for a population based on the age-at-death ratio. A new approach is required as current methods exclude the 0-4 years age category due to presumed underenumeration of infants. While this is true for some skeletal samples, others experience good …
Between foraging and farming
Large, ‘complex’ pre-Neolithic hunter-gatherer communities thrived in southern China and northern Vietnam, contemporaneous with the expansion of farming. Research at Con Co Ngua in Vietnam suggests that such hunter-gatherer populations shared characteristics with early farming communities: high disease loads, pottery, complex mortuary practices and access to stable sources of carbohydrates and protein. The substantive difference was in the use of…
The neolithic demographic transition and oral health
The purpose of this article is to present new oral health data from Neolithic An Son, southern Vietnam, in the context of (1) a reassessment of published data on other Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Age Southeast Asian dental series, and (2) predictions of the Neolithic Demographic Transition (NDT). To this end, frequencies for three oral conditions (caries, antemortem tooth loss, and alveolar lesions) were investigated for seven Southeast Asian adu…
Population history of northern Vietnamese inferred from nonmetric cranial trait variation
In this study, nine nonmetric cranial traits were recorded for ancient human remains excavated at early prehistoric (the late Pleistocene, early Holocene, and Pre-Pottery Neolithic) and late prehistoric (the Neolithic and early Iron age) archeological sites in northern Vietnam. The comparative samples consist of prehistoric and early historic crania from the lower Yangtze River basin, together with recent cranial series from Vietnam, Thailand, So…
A new comprehensive quantitative approach for the objective identification and analysis of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in worn archaeological dental assemblages
Detection of temporospatially localized growth in ancient Southeast Asia using human skeletal remains
A stabilized maternal mortality rate estimator for biased skeletal samples
This paper seeks to provide a stabilized (i.e. less vulnerable to differences in sex representation) equation for estimating maternal mortality for biased skeletal samples. The stabilized equation is developed and tested on the United Nations data used to develop the original method (McFadden and Oxenham, Current Anthropology, 60(1), 141-146), and is applied to 16 bioarchaeological samples from mainland Southeast Asia. First-order correlations an…
New distance‐based exponential regression method and equations for estimating the chronology of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) defects on the anterior dentition
OBJECTIVES: We present a new distance-based exponential regression approach based on published histological data to refine the objectivity, accuracy, and precision of age estimates of LEH defect formation on the anterior dentition. METHODS: Published histological data of anterior tooth crown growth for two samples (northern European and southern African) were fitted with exponential trendlines to construct exponential regression equations for eac…
The Neolithic settlement of Loc Giang on the Vam Co Dong River, southern Vietnam and its broader regional context
Pleistocene hominoid dental variation in Vietnam
Identification of (Betel Nut) Residues on the Dentitions of Bronze Age Inhabitants of Nui Nap, Northern Vietnam
Health in Late Prehistoric Thailand
Ban Chiang, A Prehistoric Village Site in Northeast Thailand I
Reviewed by: Ban Chiang, A Prehistoric Village Site in Northeast Thailand I: The Human Skeletal Remains Marc Oxenham Ban Chiang, A Prehistoric Village Site in Northeast Thailand I: The Human Skeletal Remains. Michael Pietrusewsky and Michele Toomay Douglas. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, University Museum Monograph 111, 2002. 493 pp. $100.00 (hardcover). ISBN 0-924171-92-8. This is the first major publication on the past human biology …
Skeletal evidence for the emergence of infectious disease in bronze and iron age northern Vietnam
Human skeletal evidence for the emergence of chronic infectious disease in northern Vietnam is examined. The sample includes the remains of 192 individuals representing the Mid-Holocene and Bronze to Iron Ages. The objective is to see if the transition from sedentary, foraging, coastally oriented economies to centralized chiefdoms with attendant development and intensification of agriculture, trade, metal technologies, warfare, and population inc…
Frequency, location, morphology and aetiology of osseous mandibular condylar concavities
The aim of this study was to examine the morphology, frequency, location and aetiology of osseous concavities (OC) in the mandibular condyle. The temporomandibular joints of 435 skeletonised individuals of known age, sex and ancestry were macroscopically examined for osseous concavities and signs of osteoarthritis. Descriptive statistics (χ 2 ) were used to compare results. It was found that OCs were present in 17.5% of the sample and did not var…
Biological Responses to Change in Prehistoric Viet Nam
A bioarchaeological analysis of human remains from Con Co Ngua, a Da But culture period cemetery site in northern Viet Nam (n = 96), and an aggregated sample from 11 sites, mostly from the Red River delta region (n = 96) representing the emerging Metal period in the same region, is carried out. This study focuses on a range of skeletal and dental signatures of both health and behavior, including carious lesions, antemortem tooth loss, alveolar de…
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in Late Jomon Hokkaido, Japan
The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse the evidence for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in samples of human skeletal material recovered from Late Jomon (ca. 1500–300 BCE) and Okhotsk (CE 500–900) cultural period sites, northwestern Hokkaido, Japan. Two individuals from the Jomon period assemblage (n = 14) exhibited lesions consistent with DISH, while the larger Okhotsk sample (n = 39) was free of this condition. The …
Preliminary Reconstruction of Diet at a Neolithic Site in Vietnam Using Stable Isotope and Ba/Sr Analyses
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[Biological Anthropology in Southeast Asia] Dental Health in Northern Vietnam
Oral and physiological paleohealth in cold adapted peoples
This paper examines variables useful in reconstructing oral (caries, antemortem tooth loss, alveolar defects) and physiological (cribra orbitalia, linear enamel hypoplasia) well‐being in two bioarchaeological assemblages from Hokkaido, Japan: Okhotsk ( n =37 individuals) and Jomon ( n =60). Findings are compared and contrasted with each other, with published series from Honshu Japan, and samples from climatically near‐equivalent Alaska. It was fo…
Morphometric affinity of the late Neolithic human remains from Man Bac, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam
The excavation of the Man Bac site (c. 3800-3500 years BP) in Ninh Binh Province, Northern Vietnam, yielded a large mortuary assemblage. A total of 31 inhumations were recovered during the 2004-2005 excavation. Multivariate comparisons using cranial and dental metrics demonstrated close affinities of the Man Bac people to later early Metal Age Dong Son Vietnamese and early and modern samples from southern China including the Neolithic to Western …
Terminal Pleistocene human skeleton from Hang Cho Cave, northern Vietnam
An excavation at the cave site of Hang Cho in northern Vietnam resulted in the discovery of a terminal Pleistocene human skeleton in a relatively good state of preservation. The material culture from this site belongs to the pre-ceramic Hoabinhian period. An AMS radiocarbon date on a tooth sample extracted from this individual gives a calibrated age of 10450 ± 300 years BP. In discussions of the population history of Southeast Asia, it has been r…
Health and the Experience of Childhood in Late Neolithic Viet Nam
The article aims to examine aspects of mortuary behavior in late Neolithic/early Bronze Age (Phung Nguyen phase) populations represented at the site of Man Bac in Viet Nam, specifically how mortuary behavior illuminates the role of children, and adult attitudes toward children. In addition, the authors discuss biological characteristics of the human sample, focusing particularly on the child burials, in order to explore aspects of childhood palae…
Paralysis and severe disability requiring intensive care in Neolithic Asia
This communication documents one of the earliest verifiable cases of human paralysis associated with severe spinal pathology. A series of skeletal abnormalities is described for a young adult male (M9) from a Southeast Asian Neolithic community. Differential diagnosis suggests that M9 suffered from a severely disabling congenital fusion of the spine (Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Type III), resulting in child-onset lower body paralysis at a minimum (max…
Porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia
A recent paper by Walker et al. (2009) states that iron-deficiency anaemia can no longer be regarded as being a cause of porotic hyperostosis (PH) or cribra orbitalia (CO). It is argued here that this conclusion is not supported by the current literature
Man Bac (Terra Australis 33)
The site of Man Bac in the Red River Delta of Vietnam, one of the most meticulously excavated and carefully analysed of Southeast Asian archaeological sites in the past few years, is emerging as a key site in the region. This book carefully analyses the human and animal remains and puts them into context.
Survival against the odds
Man Bac
One of the most important issues facing us is the interpretation of Man Bac and its placement in a cultural and temporal context. The archaeological context of Man Bac places it firmly within a cultural complex identified as the Phung Nguyen, dated to around 1,800-1,400 BCE (Nguyen et al. 2004). In recent years, this cultural complex has been referred to as either Late neolithic or earliest Bronze Age The term 'neolithic' has been traditionally u…
An Son and the Neolithic of Southern Vietnam
Between 4500 and 3500 years ago, partially intrusive Neolithic populations in the riverine basins of mainland Southeast Asia began to form mounded settlements and to develop economies based on rice cultivation, fishing, hunting, and the domestication of animals, especially pigs and dogs. A number of these sites have been excavated in recent years and they are often large mounds that can attain several meters in depth, comprising successive layers…
A Case of Maternal and Perinatal Death in Neolithic Southern Vietnam, c. 2100–1050 BCE
Despite ostensibly elevated rates of young female mortality in the past, believed to be associated with the risks of pregnancy and child birth, surprisingly few cases of pregnant female burials are reported in the bioarchaeological literature. This paper describes and discusses the case of a young female who died and was interred with an unborn full‐term breech foetus at the Neolithic site of An Son, southern Vietnam c. 2100–1050BCE. Her exceptio…
The first settlement of Remote Oceania
The authors compare pottery assemblages in the Marianas and the Philippines to claim endorsement for a first human expansion into the open Pacific around 1500 BC. The Marianas are separated from the Philippines by 2300km of open sea, so they are proposing an epic pioneering voyage of men and women, with presumably some cultivated plants but apparently no animals. How did they manage this unprecedented journey
Population history of northern Vietnamese inferred from nonmetric cranial trait variation
In this study, nine nonmetric cranial traits were recorded for ancient human remains excavated at early prehistoric (the late Pleistocene, early Holocene, and Pre-Pottery Neolithic) and late prehistoric (the Neolithic and early Iron age) archeological sites in northern Vietnam. The comparative samples consist of prehistoric and early historic crania from the lower Yangtze River basin, together with recent cranial series from Vietnam, Thailand, So…
The neolithic demographic transition and oral health
The purpose of this article is to present new oral health data from Neolithic An Son, southern Vietnam, in the context of (1) a reassessment of published data on other Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Age Southeast Asian dental series, and (2) predictions of the Neolithic Demographic Transition (NDT). To this end, frequencies for three oral conditions (caries, antemortem tooth loss, and alveolar lesions) were investigated for seven Southeast Asian adu…
Demographic transitions and migration in prehistoric East/Southeast Asia through the lens of nonmetric dental traits
The aim of this study is to examine and assess the nonmetric dental trait evidence for the population history of East and Southeast Asia and, more specifically, to test the two‐layer hypothesis for the peopling of Southeast Asia. Using a battery of 21 nonmetric dental traits we examine 7,247 individuals representing 58 samples drawn from East and Southeast Asian populations inhabiting the region from the late Pleistocene, through the Neolithic, B…
Geography (49 works) · Archaeology (46 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (43 works) · Demography (30 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (28 works) · History (28 works) · Medicine (28 works) · Biology (25 works) · Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (22 works) · Population (21 works)