David Reis
Biographic Data
| ID | 85528 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Reis |
| GIVEN NAMES | David |
| FAMILY NAME | Reis |
| SIGNATURE | REIS D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Yale University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7701-0480 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 67 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 404 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 67 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1968 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Disentangling genetic and environmental influences on early language development
Parenting and children's temperament are important influences on language development. However, temperament may reflect prior parenting, and parenting effects may reflect genes common to parents and children. In 561 U.S. adoptees (57% male) and their birth and rearing parents (70% and 92% White, 13% and 4% African American, and 7% and 2% Latinx, respectively), this study demonstrated how genetic propensity for temperament affects language develop…
Aphasia Awareness Among Spiritual Healthcare Providers in the United States
Developmental trajectories of behavioral inhibition from infancy to age seven
The present study leveraged data from a longitudinal adoption study of 361 families recruited between 2003 and 2010 in the United States. We investigated how psychopathology symptoms in birth parents (BP; M age = 24.1 years; 50.5–62.9% completed high school) and adoptive parents (AP; M age = 37.8 years; 80.9% completed college; 94% mother–father couples) influenced children's behavioral inhibition (BI) trajectories. We used latent growth models o…
Early manifestations of intellectual performance
Intellectual performance is highly heritable and robustly predicts lifelong health and success but the earliest manifestations of genetic effects on this asset are not well understood. This study examined whether early executive function (EF) or verbal performance mediate genetic influences on subsequent intellectual performance, in 561 U.S.-based adoptees (57% male) and their birth and adoptive parents (70% and 92% White, 13% and 4% African Amer…
Reexamining the association between the interparental relationship and parent–child interactions
Family systems research has identified two key processes (spillover and compensatory), linking interparental relationship quality to the parent-child relationship. However, previous research has focused on the parent as the sole initiator and had not often considered the role of the child in these processes. The present study adds to the literature by leveraging a genetically informed design to examine possible child evocative effects on spillove…
The role of child negative emotionality in parenting and child adjustment
BACKGROUND: Evocative gene-environment correlation (rGE) describes a process through which children's heritable characteristics influence their rearing environments. The current study examined whether heritable influences on parenting and children's behavioural outcomes operate through child negative emotionality. METHOD: Using data from the Early Growth and Development Study, we examined associations among adoptive parent reports of child anger …
Psychopathology Symptoms are Associated with Prenatal Health Practices in Pregnant Women with Heavy Smoking Levels
The role of negative emotionality in the development of child executive function and language abilities from toddlerhood to first grade
Understanding the role of negative emotionality in the development of executive functioning (EF) and language skills can help identify developmental windows that may provide promising opportunities for intervention. In addition, because EF and language skills are, in part, genetically influenced, intergenerational transmission patterns are important to consider. The prospective parent-offspring adoption design used in this study provides a unique…
Child Effects on Parental Negativity
This study examined two possible mechanisms, evocative gene–environment correlation and prenatal factors, in accounting for child effects on parental negativity. Participants included 561 children adopted at birth, and their adoptive parents and birth parents within a prospective longitudinal adoption study. Findings indicated child effects on parental negativity, such that toddlers’ negative reactivity at 18 months was positively associated with…
Fertility Problems and Parenting Daily Hassles in Childhood
Fertility problems are known to exert a negative impact on psychological health. Meanwhile, individuals with fertility challenges often view adoption as a positive healing experience. Yet, a dearth of work has examined the long-term impact that fertility problems have on adoptive parents and their childrearing stress. Here, we investigated how fertility problems related to parenting daily hassle (PDH) trajectories among adoptive mothers and fathe…
The intergenerational transmission of early educational advantages
Midlife reversibility of early-established biobehavioral risk factors
Objectives: Epidemiological evidence links exposure to early life adversities --such as childhood maltreatment-- with impaired health and wellbeing in adulthood. Since these effects are usually unrecognized or untreated in childhood, preventive and remediating interventions in adults are needed. We asked, first, can we validly ascertain childhood adversity through retrospective assessments in adulthood? Second, what dimensions of childhood advers…
Siblings reared apart
A plethora of studies with parents and children who are biologically related has shown that the family environment plays an important role in child development. However, scientists have long known that a rigorous examination of environmental effects requires research designs that go beyond studies of genetically linked family members. Harnessing the principles of sibling comparison and animal cross-fostering designs, we introduce a novel approach…
Parenting and prenatal risk as moderators of genetic influences on conduct problems during middle childhood
This study examines interactions of heritable influences, prenatal substance use, and postnatal parental warmth and hostility on the development of conduct problems in middle childhood for boys and girls. Participants are 561 linked families, collected in 2 cohorts, including birth parents, adoptive parents, and adopted children. Heritable influences on internalizing and externalizing (including substance use) problems were derived from birth mot…
Interaction between adoptive mothers’ and fathers’ depressive symptoms in risk for children’s emerging problem behavior
The effect of parental depression on children's adjustment has been well documented, with exposure during early childhood particularly detrimental. Most studies that examine links between parental depression and child behavior are confounded methodologically because they focus on parents raising children who are genetically related to them. Another limitation of most prior research is a tendency to focus only on the effects of maternal depression…
Developmental patterns of anger from infancy to middle childhood predict problem behaviors at age 8
Anger is a central characteristic of negative affect and is relatively stable from infancy onward. Absolute levels of anger typically peak in early childhood and diminish as children become socialized and better able to regulate emotions. From infancy to school age, however, there are also individual differences in rank-order levels of anger. For example, although decreasing in absolute levels, some children may stay the same and others may incre…
Toward an Understanding of the Role of the Environment in the Development of Early Callous Behavior
Key to understanding the long‐term impact of social inequalities is identifying early behaviors that may signal higher risk for later poor psychosocial outcomes, such as psychopathology. A set of early‐emerging characteristics that may signal risk for later externalizing psychopathology is callous‐unemotional (CU) behavior. CU behavior predicts severe and chronic trajectories of externalizing behaviors in youth. However, much research on CU behav…
Maternal depression and parenting in early childhood
Marital quality and social support satisfaction were tested as moderators of the association between maternal depressive symptoms and parenting during early childhood (18-36 months) among 2 large, divergent, longitudinal samples (n = 526; n = 570). Unexpectedly, in both samples the association between maternal depressive symptoms and reduced parenting quality was strongest in the context of high marital quality and high social support, and largel…
Consulting to Chaos
Infant Avoidance During a Tactile Task Predicts Autism Spectrum Behaviors in Toddlerhood
The experience of touch is critical for early communication and social interaction; infants who show aversion to touch may be at risk for atypical development and behavior problems. The current study aimed to clarify predictive associations between infant responses to tactile stimuli and toddler autism spectrum, internalizing, and externalizing behaviors. This study measured 9-month-old infants’ (N = 561; 58% male) avoidance and negative affect d…
Adoptive parent hostility and children’s peer behavior problems
Socially disruptive behavior during peer interactions in early childhood is detrimental to children's social, emotional, and academic development. Few studies have investigated the developmental underpinnings of children's socially disruptive behavior using genetically sensitive research designs that allow examination of parent-on-child and child-on-parent (evocative genotype-environment correlation [rGE]) effects when examining family process an…
Conscientiousness and public health
In this special section, 9 studies and 6 commentaries make a unique contribution to the study of personality. They focus on the five-factor model and, in particular, one of those 5: conscientiousness. This trait has had astonishing success in the actuarial prediction of adaptive outcomes in adulthood and aging, but we have little understanding of the mechanisms that account for this actuarial success. The current studies and comments marshal curr…
How Genes and the Social Environment Moderate Each Other
Recent research has suggested that the social environment can moderate the expression of genetic influences on health and that genetic influences can shape an individual’s sensitivity to the social environment. Evidence supports 4 major mechanisms: genes can influence an individual’s response to environmental stress, genes may enhance an individual’s sensitivity to both favorable and adverse environments, inherited characteristics may better fit …
Using an adoption design to separate genetic, prenatal, and temperament influences on toddler executive function
Poor executive functioning has been implicated in children's concurrent and future behavioral difficulties, making work aimed at understanding processes related to the development of early executive function (EF) critical for models of developmental psychopathology. Deficits in EF have been associated with adverse prenatal experiences, genetic influences, and temperament characteristics. However, our ability to disentangle the predictive and inde…
Effects of prenatal and postnatal parent depressive symptoms on adopted child HPA regulation
This study used a prospective adoption design to investigate effects of prenatal and postnatal parent depressive symptom exposure on child hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity and associated internalizing symptoms. Birth mother prenatal symptoms and adoptive mother/father postnatal (9-month, 27-month) symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory in a sample of 192 families as part of the Early Growth and Development adoption…
Family environment and adolescent depressive symptoms and antisocial behavior
Measures of family environment often show substantial differences between children in the same family and are thus nonshared environment candidates. A key question is whether differential environments are related to differential outcomes when genetic differences between children in the same family are controlled. Parent and child reports and observations of family interactions were used to assess familial negativity and adolescents' depressive sy…
Nature and nurture
Research suggests that measures of the family environment show genetic effects when treated as phenotypes in behavioral genetic analyses. We explored this issue as part of the Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development project using diverse questionnaire measures of parent-child and sibling interactions. The sample consisted of 707 pairs of siblings from 10 to 18 years of age in a novel design (identical and fraternal twins and full siblings…
Parental Religiosity, Parenting Style, and Adolescent Social Responsibility
The hypotheses that parental religiosity would predict authoritative parenting and adolescent social responsibility were tested using data from fathers, mothers, and adolescents 10 through 18 years of age from 486 mostly Caucasian middle-class families participating in the Nonshared Environment (NSE) Study. Ratings of authoritative and authoritarian parenting were provided by trained observers using the Family Interaction Global Coding System. Su…
Relationships between parenting and adolescent adjustment over time
The predictive association between parenting and adolescent adjustment has been assumed to be environmental; however, genetic and environmental contributions have not been examined. This article represents one effort to examine these associations in which a genetically informative design was used. Participants were 395 families with adolescent siblings who participated in the Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development (D. Reiss et al., 1994)…
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Mothering of Adolescents
This study examined 2 samples of adolescents and mothers using a child-based design (Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development [NEAD] project, N = 395 families) and a parent-based design (Twin Moms [TM] project, N = 236 twin family pairs) to compare genetic and environmental influences on mothering. For both samples, the same measures of positivity, negativity, control, and monitoring were used. The use of matched child-based and parent-bas…
Adolescent perceptions as mediators of parenting
Explaining how genetic factors contribute to associations between parenting and adolescent adjustment is an important next step in developmental research. This study examined the mediating effect of adolescent perceptions on these associations and the genetic and environmental influences underpinning the mediated relationship. Parent, adolescent, and observer ratings of parenting and adolescent adjustment were used in a genetically informative sa…
Varieties of Consensual Experience
This report is one in a continuing series concerning the relationship of family interaction and individual thinking (24-27). On the basis of previous experiments in this series, we have begun to elaborate a theory concerning the family's shared, consensual experience of its environment. This paper will outline the theory and demonstrate how it can generate a set of predictive hypotheses. The theory of consensua experience has been developed to ex…
Family Paradigm and Family Coping
Recently, there has been an increased interest in delineating the strategies by which families cope with stressful and challenging events and circumstances. This essay is an effort to explore the range and variety of such coping strategies, More important, it attempts to show how these strategies are related to one another and to more fundamental adaptive capacities of families; these capacities are manifest in the routines that are typical of th…
Aggressive behavior between siblings and the development of externalizing problems
This study investigated the prospective links between sibling aggression and the development of externalizing problems using a multilevel modeling approach with a genetically sensitive design. The sample consisted of 780 adolescents (390 sibling pairs) who participated in 2 waves of the Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development project. Sibling pairs with varying degree of genetic relatedness, including monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, f…
How Genes and the Social Environment Moderate Each Other
Recent research has suggested that the social environment can moderate the expression of genetic influences on health and that genetic influences can shape an individual’s sensitivity to the social environment. Evidence supports 4 major mechanisms: genes can influence an individual’s response to environmental stress, genes may enhance an individual’s sensitivity to both favorable and adverse environments, inherited characteristics may better fit …
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Pubertal Timing
This study examined genetic and environmental effects on individual variation in pubertal timing using two national samples of siblings from the Nonshared Environment of Adolescent Development (NEAD) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). In each sample, female and male siblings with different degrees of genetic relatedness, i.e., monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, full siblings, half siblings, and unrelated sibli…
Genetic Contributions to Adolescents' Extrafamilial Social Interactions
The purpose of the present study was to investigate genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in adolescents' social interactions outside the family. We investigated sibling resemblance for adolescents' reports of interactions with best friends and teachers, and parents' perceptions of adolescents' peer groups in 701 same‐sex adolescent sibling pairs aged 10‐18, using a twin, full sibling, and step sibling design. Our goal…
Understanding child-based effects on parenting
The degree to which child temperament moderates genetic and environmental contributions to parenting was examined. Participants were drawn from the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development project and included 720 sibling pairs, ages 13.5 + 2.0 years (Sibling 1) to 12.1 + 1.3 years (Sibling 2). The sample consisted of 6 sibling types: 93 monozygotic twin pairs, 99 dizygotic twin pairs, and 95 full sibling pairs from never-divorced familie…
Effects of prenatal and postnatal parent depressive symptoms on adopted child HPA regulation
This study used a prospective adoption design to investigate effects of prenatal and postnatal parent depressive symptom exposure on child hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity and associated internalizing symptoms. Birth mother prenatal symptoms and adoptive mother/father postnatal (9-month, 27-month) symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory in a sample of 192 families as part of the Early Growth and Development adoption…
Genetic Influence on Family Systems
In this article, my major objective is to describe recently observed connections between genetic processes and family systems. In describing these connections I hope to show how new findings in genetics may give us a clearer idea of the role that families play in the differences among us: differences in healthy and adaptive development and differences in pathological and maladaptive development. I will provide some new data, some of it yet unpubl…
Social networks of family members
The Family's Construction of Social Reality and Its Ties to Its Kin Network
David Reiss, Mary Ellen Oliveri, The Family's Construction of Social Reality and Its Ties to Its Kin Network: An Exploration of Causal Direction, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 45, No. 1 (Feb., 1983), pp. 81-91
Testing different types of genotype-environment correlation
This study presents an extended children-of-twins model, which allowed the authors to test the direction of the association between parenting and child adjustment. Three mechanisms were examined: direct phenotypic influence of parenting on child behavior (controlling for both parental and child genotype), passive genotype-environment correlation, and evocative genotype-environment correlation. This model was tested with Monte Carlo simulations. T…
Adolescents' relationships to siblings and mothers
Research has consistently demonstrated that children's behavior toward their siblings tends to resemble interactions occurring in the parent-child relationship. This study examined the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences to the covariation between sibling relationships and mother-adolescent relationships. Reported and observed family interactions were assessed for 719 same-sex sibling pairs of varying degrees of genetic…
Maternal depression and parenting in early childhood
Marital quality and social support satisfaction were tested as moderators of the association between maternal depressive symptoms and parenting during early childhood (18-36 months) among 2 large, divergent, longitudinal samples (n = 526; n = 570). Unexpectedly, in both samples the association between maternal depressive symptoms and reduced parenting quality was strongest in the context of high marital quality and high social support, and largel…
Genetic liability, environment, and the development of fussiness in toddlers
Using a longitudinal, prospective adoption design, the authors of this study examined the effects of the environment (adoptive parents' depressive symptoms and responsiveness) and genetic liability of maternal depression (inferred by birth mothers' major depressive disorder [MDD]) on the development of fussiness in adopted children between 9 and 18 months old. The sample included 281 families linked through adoption, with each family including 4 …
Parent ratings of EAS temperaments in twins, full siblings, half siblings, and step siblings
A twin/family design was used to explore genetic contributions to personality; to evaluate whether twins and nontwins yield different genetic results; and to test for the presence of contrast effects, the tendency of a rater to contrast one sibling with the other, thereby magnifying existing behavioral differences. The sample consisted of 708 adolescent same-sex sibling pairs from 10 to 18 years of age. Pairs included identical (monozygotic; MZ) …
Conscientiousness and public health
In this special section, 9 studies and 6 commentaries make a unique contribution to the study of personality. They focus on the five-factor model and, in particular, one of those 5: conscientiousness. This trait has had astonishing success in the actuarial prediction of adaptive outcomes in adulthood and aging, but we have little understanding of the mechanisms that account for this actuarial success. The current studies and comments marshal curr…
A genetically informed study of associations between family functioning and child psychosocial adjustment
Research has documented associations between family functioning and offspring psychosocial adjustment, but questions remain regarding whether these associations are partly due to confounding genetic factors and other environmental factors. The current study used a genetically informed approach, the Children of Twins design, to explore the associations between family functioning (family conflict, marital quality, and agreement about parenting) and…
Stability and change in temperament during adolescence
This study assessed genetic and environmental contributions to temperament during adolescence within the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development project (NEAD; D. Reiss, J. M. Neiderhiser, E. M. Hetherington, & R. Plomin, 2000). NEAD is a national study that includes twins and other sibling types who vary in regard to genetic relatedness. Seven hundred twenty sibling pairs (aged 12.1-13.5 years) participated at Time 1, and 395 sibling pa…
The Suicide Six
Varieties of Consensual Experience
This report is one in a continuing series concerning the relationship of family interaction and individual thinking (24-27). On the basis of previous experiments in this series, we have begun to elaborate a theory concerning the family's shared, consensual experience of its environment. This paper will outline the theory and demonstrate how it can generate a set of predictive hypotheses. The theory of consensua experience has been developed to ex…
Family Paradigm and Family Coping
Recently, there has been an increased interest in delineating the strategies by which families cope with stressful and challenging events and circumstances. This essay is an effort to explore the range and variety of such coping strategies, More important, it attempts to show how these strategies are related to one another and to more fundamental adaptive capacities of families; these capacities are manifest in the routines that are typical of th…
The American Family
The Structure of Families' Ties to Their Kin
Comparison of objectively-monitored problem-solving behavior of nuclear families with kinship network structure indicates strong parallels between intra-family and extra-family interaction processes. Findings are consistent with theory of variation in how families regulate their relationships with the social environment and highlight factors intrinsic to families that contribute to the process of family-network interchange
The Family's Construction of Reality
Family paradigm and adolescent social behavior
Adolescents' social behavior and empathy are both related to the family's conception of the social world
Family Stress as Community Frame
No abstract available for this article
The Family's Construction of Reality
Introduction. Charting Our Course Part 1: Family Problem Solving and Family Interpreting 1. The Family Construction of the Laboratory Family Information Processing and Schizophrenia A Theoretical Sketch of Family Information Processing Three Measures of Family Information Processing Schizophrenia and Family Information Processing Beyond Family Information Processing: The Family Construes the Laboratory The Concept of a Shared Construct A Typology…
The Family's Construction of Reality
The Family's Construction of Social Reality and Its Ties to Its Kin Network
David Reiss, Mary Ellen Oliveri, The Family's Construction of Social Reality and Its Ties to Its Kin Network: An Exploration of Causal Direction, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 45, No. 1 (Feb., 1983), pp. 81-91
Social networks of family members
Nature and nurture
Research suggests that measures of the family environment show genetic effects when treated as phenotypes in behavioral genetic analyses. We explored this issue as part of the Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development project using diverse questionnaire measures of parent-child and sibling interactions. The sample consisted of 707 pairs of siblings from 10 to 18 years of age in a novel design (identical and fraternal twins and full siblings…
Genetic Contributions to Adolescents' Extrafamilial Social Interactions
The purpose of the present study was to investigate genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in adolescents' social interactions outside the family. We investigated sibling resemblance for adolescents' reports of interactions with best friends and teachers, and parents' perceptions of adolescents' peer groups in 701 same‐sex adolescent sibling pairs aged 10‐18, using a twin, full sibling, and step sibling design. Our goal…
Parent ratings of EAS temperaments in twins, full siblings, half siblings, and step siblings
A twin/family design was used to explore genetic contributions to personality; to evaluate whether twins and nontwins yield different genetic results; and to test for the presence of contrast effects, the tendency of a rater to contrast one sibling with the other, thereby magnifying existing behavioral differences. The sample consisted of 708 adolescent same-sex sibling pairs from 10 to 18 years of age. Pairs included identical (monozygotic; MZ) …
Genetic Influence on Family Systems
In this article, my major objective is to describe recently observed connections between genetic processes and family systems. In describing these connections I hope to show how new findings in genetics may give us a clearer idea of the role that families play in the differences among us: differences in healthy and adaptive development and differences in pathological and maladaptive development. I will provide some new data, some of it yet unpubl…
Family environment and adolescent depressive symptoms and antisocial behavior
Measures of family environment often show substantial differences between children in the same family and are thus nonshared environment candidates. A key question is whether differential environments are related to differential outcomes when genetic differences between children in the same family are controlled. Parent and child reports and observations of family interactions were used to assess familial negativity and adolescents' depressive sy…
National research agenda for prevention research
This article reports some of the most promising ideas to emerge from a review conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health of the achievements and prospects for research on the prevention of mental disorders. These ideas are organized around 3 conceptual hubs: the development and transformation of biological and social risk and protective factors across the life span, classifying and relating various approaches to preventive interventions…
Staff security and work pressure
Adolescent perceptions as mediators of parenting
Explaining how genetic factors contribute to associations between parenting and adolescent adjustment is an important next step in developmental research. This study examined the mediating effect of adolescent perceptions on these associations and the genetic and environmental influences underpinning the mediated relationship. Parent, adolescent, and observer ratings of parenting and adolescent adjustment were used in a genetically informative sa…
Parental Religiosity, Parenting Style, and Adolescent Social Responsibility
The hypotheses that parental religiosity would predict authoritative parenting and adolescent social responsibility were tested using data from fathers, mothers, and adolescents 10 through 18 years of age from 486 mostly Caucasian middle-class families participating in the Nonshared Environment (NSE) Study. Ratings of authoritative and authoritarian parenting were provided by trained observers using the Family Interaction Global Coding System. Su…
Adolescents' relationships to siblings and mothers
Research has consistently demonstrated that children's behavior toward their siblings tends to resemble interactions occurring in the parent-child relationship. This study examined the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences to the covariation between sibling relationships and mother-adolescent relationships. Reported and observed family interactions were assessed for 719 same-sex sibling pairs of varying degrees of genetic…
Relationships between parenting and adolescent adjustment over time
The predictive association between parenting and adolescent adjustment has been assumed to be environmental; however, genetic and environmental contributions have not been examined. This article represents one effort to examine these associations in which a genetically informative design was used. Participants were 395 families with adolescent siblings who participated in the Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development (D. Reiss et al., 1994)…
The importance of shared environmental influences in explaining the overlap between mother's parenting and sibling relationships
This article addresses concerns raised by M. C. Neale (1999) in his commentary on the D. A. Bussell et al. (1999) Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development (NEAD) study. These concerns fall into two categories: (a) model assumptions and sample design and (b) testing of alternative models. The validity of the assumptions of quantitative genetic models is a concern for all researchers in this area. Discussion of those assumptions in this repl…
Family structure and patient survival in an African-American end-stage renal disease population
Psychology (63 works) · Developmental psychology (50 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (41 works) · Cognitive Abilities and Testing (28 works) · Social Psychology (28 works) · Social Psychology (22 works) · Clinical Psychology (21 works) · Medicine (19 works) · Clinical Psychology (15 works) · Psychiatry (15 works)