Thijs Van De Graaf
Biographic Data
| ID | 978786 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thijs Van De Graaf |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thijs |
| FAMILY NAME | Van De Graaf |
| SIGNATURE | VAN DE GRAAF T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Ghent University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3372-3830 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 235 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
The Political Economy of the EU's New Green Industrial Policy
The European Union (EU) has recently embraced a green industrial policy to stimulate the domestic production of strategic net‐zero technologies such as solar panels, wind turbines and batteries. Whilst existing research has explored the drivers behind this shift, much less attention has been paid to instrument choice to boost domestic clean tech manufacturing and address the EU's cost disadvantage vis‐à‐vis foreign production, particularly China.…
Green colonialism or green transformation? The equity implications of clean hydrogen trade
The rapid expansion of bilateral hydrogen trade agreements has intensified debates over their implications for global economic and political relations. This study critically examines whether hydrogen trade fosters a ‘ green transformation ’—driving industrialization and economic autonomy in the Global South—or reinforces ‘ green colonialism ’—replicating historical patterns of resource extractivism and dependency. Drawing on a hermeneutic literat…
Reframing the climate debate
Achieving net zero emissions has rapidly become the dominant long‐term objective guiding national climate policies. At the end of 2018, only 24 countries were considering or had adopted long‐term net zero targets. By the end of 2021, this had climbed to almost 150 countries, covering 89 per cent of global carbon emissions. In this article, we trace the origins and diffusion of net zero pledges through the lens of international norm theory. Drawin…
From natural gas to hydrogen
Existing fossil fuel extraction would warm the world beyond 1.5 °C
The Paris climate goals and the Glasgow Climate Pact require anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions to decline to net zero by mid-century. This will require overcoming carbon lock-in throughout the energy system. Previous studies have focused on ‘committed emissions’ from capital investments in energy-consuming infrastructure, or potential (committed and uncommitted) emissions from fossil fuel reserves. Here we make the first bottom-up as…
Institutional interplay in global environmental governance
Over the past decades, the growing proliferation of international institutions governing the global environment has impelled institutional interplay as a result of functional and normative overlap across multiple regimes. This article synthesizes primary contributions made in research on institutional interplay over the past twenty years, with particular focus on publications with International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economic…
Covid-19 and the politics of sustainable energy transitions
A matter of preference
Over the past few years, the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline has been one of the most divisive issues in EU politics, with some member states opposing the project, others supporting it, and a third group adopting a neutral stance. Which conditions explain these varying national positions? Our study offers the first systematic attempt to examine preference formation with regard to Nord Stream 2 across the entire EU membership. Drawing on elite surveys,…
Lost in Regulation
Scholars of the EU's external relations have long debated the question which 'power' the EU represents. When it comes to the EU's external energy relations, there is a convergence of views that the Commission has begun to assert its regulatory power beyond its own borders. Yet, few scholars have attempted to open the black box of this 'liberal mercantilist' model. This paper aims to fill that gap by process tracing and explaining the Commission's…
Moving beyond coal
What Drives Norm Success? Evidence from Anti–Fossil Fuel Campaigns
Why do some international norms succeed, whereas others fail? We argue that norm campaigns are more likely to succeed when the actions they prescribe are framed as a solution to salient problems that potential adopters face, even if different from the problem that originally motivated norm entrepreneurs. For instance, the campaign to reduce environmentally harmful fossil fuel subsidies has been more effective when linked to fiscal stability, a co…
Fractured politics? The comparative regulation of shale gas in Europe
European countries have developed strikingly different responses to shale gas and fracking. Some have imposed outright bans, while others have issued permits and even awarded generous tax breaks to the industry. To explain this puzzling variance, this article builds a theoretical framework that focuses on energy security, economic competitiveness, the party composition of government, public opinion, multilevel governance and democratic tradition.…
Stranded wealth
This article argues that the oil industry is unlikely to return to the pre-2014 status quo as two profound shifts in technology and markets are dramatically changing the longer-term outlook for the oil industry. In the short term, traditional producers will feel persistent pressure from the shale revolution, a disruptive technology that has altered the cost curve and elasticity of oil supply. In the medium term, the industry must confront a struc…
Russian gas games or well-oiled conflict? Energy security and the 2014 Ukraine crisis
A crude reversal
Introduction to the special issue
Fact and fiction in global energy policy
Is the car of the future electric? Should geo-engineering be outlawed? Is nuclear energy worth the risk? Those are just a few of the questions taken up in a new book by three experienced energy policy experts. In a remarkably accessible and balanced manner, the book summarizes the arguments of opposing sides in each of these contentious energy debates, before showing where common ground can be found. The result is a lucid exposition of the foremo…
The Palgrave Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy
Peer reviewed
The Palgrave Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy
Palgrave Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy
Is Opec dead? Oil exporters, the Paris agreement and the transition to a post-carbon world
Energy Governance, Transnational Rules, and the Resource Curse
Transnational standards for disclosure have become a defining feature of global governance and sound economic development, yet little is known about their effectiveness. This study statistically explores the efficacy of such standards for the important case of the \nExtractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international non-governmental organization which maintains a voluntary standard for revenue transparency in the extractive in…
The oil endgame
Your Place or Mine? Institutional Capture and the Creation of Overlapping International Institutions
Why do states create overlapping international institutions? This practice presents a puzzle: conventional wisdom suggests that states should use existing institutions to minimize the transaction costs of co-operation. This article proposes a bargaining approach to explain thede novocreation of overlapping international institutions. In this model, a dissatisfied ‘challenger’ state threatens to create a new institution, and a ‘defender’ state can…
Energy governance and poverty
Energy Governance, Transnational Rules, and the Resource Curse
Transnational standards for disclosure have become a defining feature of global governance and sound economic development, yet little is known about their effectiveness. This study statistically explores the efficacy of such standards for the important case of the \nExtractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international non-governmental organization which maintains a voluntary standard for revenue transparency in the extractive in…
Energy governance and poverty
Fragmentation in Global Energy Governance
In 2009, a group of member countries of the International Energy Agency (IEA) spearheaded the creation of a new international organization, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), despite the fact that the IEA had been working on renewables for decades. Why would states create an overlapping organization, thus advancing the overall degree of fragmentation? Drawing on the work of Mansfield and Moravcsik, this article provides an explana…
Russian gas games or well-oiled conflict? Energy security and the 2014 Ukraine crisis
Moving beyond coal
Lost in Regulation
Scholars of the EU's external relations have long debated the question which 'power' the EU represents. When it comes to the EU's external energy relations, there is a convergence of views that the Commission has begun to assert its regulatory power beyond its own borders. Yet, few scholars have attempted to open the black box of this 'liberal mercantilist' model. This paper aims to fill that gap by process tracing and explaining the Commission's…
Fractured politics? The comparative regulation of shale gas in Europe
European countries have developed strikingly different responses to shale gas and fracking. Some have imposed outright bans, while others have issued permits and even awarded generous tax breaks to the industry. To explain this puzzling variance, this article builds a theoretical framework that focuses on energy security, economic competitiveness, the party composition of government, public opinion, multilevel governance and democratic tradition.…
Your Place or Mine? Institutional Capture and the Creation of Overlapping International Institutions
Why do states create overlapping international institutions? This practice presents a puzzle: conventional wisdom suggests that states should use existing institutions to minimize the transaction costs of co-operation. This article proposes a bargaining approach to explain thede novocreation of overlapping international institutions. In this model, a dissatisfied ‘challenger’ state threatens to create a new institution, and a ‘defender’ state can…
The International Renewable Energy Agency
What Drives Norm Success? Evidence from Anti–Fossil Fuel Campaigns
Why do some international norms succeed, whereas others fail? We argue that norm campaigns are more likely to succeed when the actions they prescribe are framed as a solution to salient problems that potential adopters face, even if different from the problem that originally motivated norm entrepreneurs. For instance, the campaign to reduce environmentally harmful fossil fuel subsidies has been more effective when linked to fiscal stability, a co…
The “Oil Weapon” Reversed? Sanctions Against Iran and U.S.‐EU Structural Power
In theory, unilateral, selective oil embargoes do not work, whether imposed by consumer or producer countries. The reason is that oil is fungible commodity that is traded on a world market and, therefore, selective embargoes can always be circumvented by rerouting some oil exports through third-party states. The recent US-EU unilateral oil sanctions against Iran, however, seem to form an exception to this general rule. In the first months after e…
Institutional interplay in global environmental governance
Over the past decades, the growing proliferation of international institutions governing the global environment has impelled institutional interplay as a result of functional and normative overlap across multiple regimes. This article synthesizes primary contributions made in research on institutional interplay over the past twenty years, with particular focus on publications with International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economic…
A matter of preference
Over the past few years, the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline has been one of the most divisive issues in EU politics, with some member states opposing the project, others supporting it, and a third group adopting a neutral stance. Which conditions explain these varying national positions? Our study offers the first systematic attempt to examine preference formation with regard to Nord Stream 2 across the entire EU membership. Drawing on elite surveys,…
The oil endgame
From natural gas to hydrogen
Mechanisms of informal governance
Peak oil supply or oil not for sale
Green colonialism or green transformation? The equity implications of clean hydrogen trade
The rapid expansion of bilateral hydrogen trade agreements has intensified debates over their implications for global economic and political relations. This study critically examines whether hydrogen trade fosters a ‘ green transformation ’—driving industrialization and economic autonomy in the Global South—or reinforces ‘ green colonialism ’—replicating historical patterns of resource extractivism and dependency. Drawing on a hermeneutic literat…
Stranded wealth
This article argues that the oil industry is unlikely to return to the pre-2014 status quo as two profound shifts in technology and markets are dramatically changing the longer-term outlook for the oil industry. In the short term, traditional producers will feel persistent pressure from the shale revolution, a disruptive technology that has altered the cost curve and elasticity of oil supply. In the medium term, the industry must confront a struc…
A crude reversal
Introduction to the special issue
Is Opec dead? Oil exporters, the Paris agreement and the transition to a post-carbon world
Thriving in Complexity? The OECD System’s Role in Energy and Taxation
The purpose of this article is to reveal how two organizations from the OECD system—the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the International Energy Agency—are maneuvering strategically to retain their focal places in the regime complexes that developed around taxation and energy, respectively. It argues that their bid for leadership and centralization is built on the comparative advantages they enjoy as institutions; namel…
Fact and fiction in global energy policy
Is the car of the future electric? Should geo-engineering be outlawed? Is nuclear energy worth the risk? Those are just a few of the questions taken up in a new book by three experienced energy policy experts. In a remarkably accessible and balanced manner, the book summarizes the arguments of opposing sides in each of these contentious energy debates, before showing where common ground can be found. The result is a lucid exposition of the foremo…
The G8’s Role in Global Energy Governance Since the 2005 Gleneagles Summit
Although it is widely recognized that today’s multiple energy challenges need to be tackled through internationally coordinated action, global energy governance has remained largely underdeveloped. Since the 2005 Gleneagles summit, however, the G8 has issued several ambitious energy action plans and declarations. Through its language and actions the G8 appears to claim a “leadership” role to fill the void in global energy governance. This article…
The G8’s Role in Global Energy Governance Since the 2005 Gleneagles Summit
Although it is widely recognized that today’s multiple energy challenges need to be tackled through internationally coordinated action, global energy governance has remained largely underdeveloped. Since the 2005 Gleneagles summit, however, the G8 has issued several ambitious energy action plans and declarations. Through its language and actions the G8 appears to claim a “leadership” role to fill the void in global energy governance. This article…
Punctuated equilibrium in the energy regime complex
The International Renewable Energy Agency
Fragmentation in Global Energy Governance
In 2009, a group of member countries of the International Energy Agency (IEA) spearheaded the creation of a new international organization, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), despite the fact that the IEA had been working on renewables for decades. Why would states create an overlapping organization, thus advancing the overall degree of fragmentation? Drawing on the work of Mansfield and Moravcsik, this article provides an explana…
The “Oil Weapon” Reversed? Sanctions Against Iran and U.S.‐EU Structural Power
In theory, unilateral, selective oil embargoes do not work, whether imposed by consumer or producer countries. The reason is that oil is fungible commodity that is traded on a world market and, therefore, selective embargoes can always be circumvented by rerouting some oil exports through third-party states. The recent US-EU unilateral oil sanctions against Iran, however, seem to form an exception to this general rule. In the first months after e…
Peak oil supply or oil not for sale
Thriving in Complexity? The OECD System’s Role in Energy and Taxation
The purpose of this article is to reveal how two organizations from the OECD system—the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the International Energy Agency—are maneuvering strategically to retain their focal places in the regime complexes that developed around taxation and energy, respectively. It argues that their bid for leadership and centralization is built on the comparative advantages they enjoy as institutions; namel…
Energy governance and poverty
Mechanisms of informal governance
The oil endgame
Your Place or Mine? Institutional Capture and the Creation of Overlapping International Institutions
Why do states create overlapping international institutions? This practice presents a puzzle: conventional wisdom suggests that states should use existing institutions to minimize the transaction costs of co-operation. This article proposes a bargaining approach to explain thede novocreation of overlapping international institutions. In this model, a dissatisfied ‘challenger’ state threatens to create a new institution, and a ‘defender’ state can…
The Palgrave Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy
Peer reviewed
The Palgrave Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy
Palgrave Handbook of the International Political Economy of Energy
Is Opec dead? Oil exporters, the Paris agreement and the transition to a post-carbon world
Energy Governance, Transnational Rules, and the Resource Curse
Transnational standards for disclosure have become a defining feature of global governance and sound economic development, yet little is known about their effectiveness. This study statistically explores the efficacy of such standards for the important case of the \nExtractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international non-governmental organization which maintains a voluntary standard for revenue transparency in the extractive in…
Russian gas games or well-oiled conflict? Energy security and the 2014 Ukraine crisis
A crude reversal
Introduction to the special issue
Fact and fiction in global energy policy
Is the car of the future electric? Should geo-engineering be outlawed? Is nuclear energy worth the risk? Those are just a few of the questions taken up in a new book by three experienced energy policy experts. In a remarkably accessible and balanced manner, the book summarizes the arguments of opposing sides in each of these contentious energy debates, before showing where common ground can be found. The result is a lucid exposition of the foremo…
Fractured politics? The comparative regulation of shale gas in Europe
European countries have developed strikingly different responses to shale gas and fracking. Some have imposed outright bans, while others have issued permits and even awarded generous tax breaks to the industry. To explain this puzzling variance, this article builds a theoretical framework that focuses on energy security, economic competitiveness, the party composition of government, public opinion, multilevel governance and democratic tradition.…
Stranded wealth
This article argues that the oil industry is unlikely to return to the pre-2014 status quo as two profound shifts in technology and markets are dramatically changing the longer-term outlook for the oil industry. In the short term, traditional producers will feel persistent pressure from the shale revolution, a disruptive technology that has altered the cost curve and elasticity of oil supply. In the medium term, the industry must confront a struc…
Moving beyond coal
What Drives Norm Success? Evidence from Anti–Fossil Fuel Campaigns
Why do some international norms succeed, whereas others fail? We argue that norm campaigns are more likely to succeed when the actions they prescribe are framed as a solution to salient problems that potential adopters face, even if different from the problem that originally motivated norm entrepreneurs. For instance, the campaign to reduce environmentally harmful fossil fuel subsidies has been more effective when linked to fiscal stability, a co…
Covid-19 and the politics of sustainable energy transitions
Economics (29 works) · Political science (24 works) · Politics (19 works) · Law (18 works) · Business (15 works) · Law (13 works) · Corporate governance (11 works) · Global Energy Security and Policy (11 works) · Sociology (10 works) · Engineering (9 works)