Maurice Crosland
Biographic Data
| ID | 979176 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Maurice Crosland |
| GIVEN NAMES | Maurice |
| FAMILY NAME | Crosland |
| SIGNATURE | CROSLAND M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Kent |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 40 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 54 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 40 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
The Financial Support of Men of Science in France c . 1660 — c . 1800
The article presents a survey that examined the financial status of men who studied science in France from 1660-1800. During a period of 150 years, the status of scientists soared. The author noted that scientists were considered talented individuals and were given privileges at the Academie Royale des Sciences of Paris. In addition, they were granted state appointments, which included regular duties outside the academy; thereby, boosting their i…
A Science Empire in Napoleonic France
Research schools of chemistry from Lavoisier to Wurtz
The group which worked with Lavoisier in his laboratory also collaborated with him in publication and jointly edited the journal Annales de chimie . It has a good claim to be considered as a research school. Most historians of chemistry, who have studied the ‘chemical revolution’ in France, have focused uniquely on Lavoisier, giving scant attention to his co-workers and ignoring his assistants, thus overlooking their collective research, which cr…
Popular science and the arts
The National Institute of Science and the Arts, founded in 1795, consists of parallel academies, concerned with science, literature, the visual arts and so on. In the nineteenth century it represented a unique government-sponsored intellectual authority and a supreme court judgement, a power which came to be resented by innovators of all kinds. The Académie des sciences held a virtual monopoly in representing French science but soon this came to …
Histoire et memoire de l'Academie des sciences
Science and Social Status
Changes in Chemical Concepts and Language in the Seventeenth Century
The Argument The relation between alchemy and early chemistry is still open to debate. How did what is now often dismissed as a pseudo-science contribute to the emerging science of chemistry, a subject that by the late eighteenth century, was often held up as a model for other sciences? Alchemy may have bequeathed to chemistry some processes and apparatus; more fundamental, however, was a transformation in mentality. It was in the seventeenth cen…
Verbindung und Affinitat
Regards sur la science
Shorter Notices
Shorter Notices Get access MAURICE CROSLAND MAURICE CROSLAND University of Kent Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CIX, Issue 431, April 1994, Pages 463-a–463, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CIX.431.463-a Published: 01 April 1994
The Copley Medal
The Copley Medal represents one of the oldest surviving honorary reward systems not only in the Royal Society but also in European science. After the first few years of its award it came increasingly to represent the recognition by the Society of the highest scientific distinction. Its history is, therefore, closely associated with the development of modern science, particularly in Britain. It is surprising that no one has attempted a history of …
Shorter Notices
The Emergence of Research Grants within the Prize System of the French Academy of Sciences, 1795-1914
The French Academy of Sciences established many important precedents in the development of modern science. One of these was the prize system, which originally involved the conferral of a few highly prestigious prizes. Yet the advance of experimental science in the nineteenth century demanded the availability of funds to carry out future research, rather than the reward of a few successful examples of past research. This paper shows how the member…
Science, Medicine, and Dissent
Fizikalna rasprava o postanku, naravi i koristi umjetnog zraka . Josip Franjo Domin , Drago Grdenić , Snježana Paušek-Baždar
The Image of Science as a Threat
So much of the history of science has been written from the point of view of the scientist or the proto-scientist that it may be salutary for the modern reader occasionally to consider how science and its early practitioners were viewed from the outside. We must not be too surprised if a pioneering activity performed by controversial agents was misunderstood or misrepresented and if what emerges is, therefore, sometimes less of a portrait than a …
Assessment by peers in nineteenth-century France
Between the Library and the Laboratory
Cauchy
Scientific credentials
Priestley Memorial Lecture
Two major problems in understanding Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) are that he wrote so much and over such a wide area. The nineteenth-century edition of his collected works fills 25 volumes—and that leaves out the science! In discussing a man like Priestley, therefore, one cannot hope in a single lecture to do justice to the wide range of his interests or even to summarise adequately his many contributions to science. Fortunately much of the scien…
The Analytic Spirit
Science and Polity in France at the End of the Old Regime. Charles Coulston Gillispie
Scientists in Power . Spencer R. Weart
From prizes to grants in the support of scientific research in France in the nineteenth century
The development of a professional career in science in France
History of Science in a National Context
The history of science can be approached in several different ways. It may be studied, as in the classification once favoured in the long-established Department of History and Philosophy of Science at University College London, by considering separately the history of individual sciences: physics, chemistry, biology, etc.—Partington's monumental History of chemistry is a good example of the cross-section of history of science obtained by consider…
Priestley Memorial Lecture
Two major problems in understanding Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) are that he wrote so much and over such a wide area. The nineteenth-century edition of his collected works fills 25 volumes—and that leaves out the science! In discussing a man like Priestley, therefore, one cannot hope in a single lecture to do justice to the wide range of his interests or even to summarise adequately his many contributions to science. Fortunately much of the scien…
Lavoisier's Theory of Acidity
Research schools of chemistry from Lavoisier to Wurtz
The group which worked with Lavoisier in his laboratory also collaborated with him in publication and jointly edited the journal Annales de chimie . It has a good claim to be considered as a research school. Most historians of chemistry, who have studied the ‘chemical revolution’ in France, have focused uniquely on Lavoisier, giving scant attention to his co-workers and ignoring his assistants, thus overlooking their collective research, which cr…
The Emergence of Research Grants within the Prize System of the French Academy of Sciences, 1795-1914
The French Academy of Sciences established many important precedents in the development of modern science. One of these was the prize system, which originally involved the conferral of a few highly prestigious prizes. Yet the advance of experimental science in the nineteenth century demanded the availability of funds to carry out future research, rather than the reward of a few successful examples of past research. This paper shows how the member…
Science and the Franco-Prussian War
The historian of science is interested in factors which encourage the development of science and also those which inhibit it. In addition he must concern himself with influences which, a priori, are less clearly positive or negative. One of these is the influence of war.1 This essay examines one particular case of science in relation to war, a war which came to the very doorstep of a city which had been a Mecca for the study of science and medici…
The Congress on Definitive Metric Standards, 1798-1799
Popular science and the arts
The National Institute of Science and the Arts, founded in 1795, consists of parallel academies, concerned with science, literature, the visual arts and so on. In the nineteenth century it represented a unique government-sponsored intellectual authority and a supreme court judgement, a power which came to be resented by innovators of all kinds. The Académie des sciences held a virtual monopoly in representing French science but soon this came to …
Scientific credentials
From prizes to grants in the support of scientific research in France in the nineteenth century
The French Academy of Sciences in the nineteenth century
A Science Empire in Napoleonic France
The Image of Science as a Threat
So much of the history of science has been written from the point of view of the scientist or the proto-scientist that it may be salutary for the modern reader occasionally to consider how science and its early practitioners were viewed from the outside. We must not be too surprised if a pioneering activity performed by controversial agents was misunderstood or misrepresented and if what emerges is, therefore, sometimes less of a portrait than a …
The History of French Science
Despite the major contributions to science made in France in the seventeenth century and her preeminence in many departments of science in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, French science has not received the attention which might have been expected from historians of France. French educators and politicians have too often been content with ill-informed generalities about the importance of great Frenchmen like Lavoisier or Pasteur, whereas…
Humphry Davy—An Alleged Case of Suppressed Publication
In a letter found not long ago in the Institute of Electrical Engineers and recently republished in the new edition of Faraday's correspondence, certain allegations are made about difficulties experienced by Humphry Davy in getting his work published in Napoleonic France. These allegations have been repeated in the standard Davy bibliography and are believed by at least one other Davy scholar known to the author. A new biography of Faraday makes …
Jac. Berzelius. His Life and Work . J. Erik Jorpes , Barbara Steele
The Congress on Definitive Metric Standards, 1798-1799
Science in France in the Revolutionary Era, Described by Thomas Bugge
The rise and decline of france as a scientific centre
Science and Government, the Early Years The Anatomy of a Scientific Institution. The Paris Academy of Sciences, 1666-1803 . Roger Hahn
The History of French Science
Despite the major contributions to science made in France in the seventeenth century and her preeminence in many departments of science in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, French science has not received the attention which might have been expected from historians of France. French educators and politicians have too often been content with ill-informed generalities about the importance of great Frenchmen like Lavoisier or Pasteur, whereas…
Humphry Davy—An Alleged Case of Suppressed Publication
In a letter found not long ago in the Institute of Electrical Engineers and recently republished in the new edition of Faraday's correspondence, certain allegations are made about difficulties experienced by Humphry Davy in getting his work published in Napoleonic France. These allegations have been repeated in the standard Davy bibliography and are believed by at least one other Davy scholar known to the author. A new biography of Faraday makes …
Lavoisier's Theory of Acidity
Short Notices
SHORT NOTICES Get access MAURICE CROSLAND MAURICE CROSLAND University of Kent Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXIX, Issue CCCLIII, October 1974, Pages 940–941, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXIX.CCCLIII.940 Published: 01 October 1974
Short Notices
Journal Article SHORT NOTICES Get access MAURICE CROSLAND MAURICE CROSLAND University of LeedsLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXIX, Issue CCCLIII, October 1974, Pages 913-a–913, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXIX.CCCLIII.913-a Published: 01 October 1974
The development of a professional career in science in France
Science and the Franco-Prussian War
The historian of science is interested in factors which encourage the development of science and also those which inhibit it. In addition he must concern himself with influences which, a priori, are less clearly positive or negative. One of these is the influence of war.1 This essay examines one particular case of science in relation to war, a war which came to the very doorstep of a city which had been a Mecca for the study of science and medici…
The Patronage of Science in the Nineteenth Century . G. L'E. Turner
History of Science in a National Context
The history of science can be approached in several different ways. It may be studied, as in the classification once favoured in the long-established Department of History and Philosophy of Science at University College London, by considering separately the history of individual sciences: physics, chemistry, biology, etc.—Partington's monumental History of chemistry is a good example of the cross-section of history of science obtained by consider…
The French Academy of Sciences in the nineteenth century
From prizes to grants in the support of scientific research in France in the nineteenth century
Scientists in Power . Spencer R. Weart
The Analytic Spirit
Science and Polity in France at the End of the Old Regime. Charles Coulston Gillispie
Scientific credentials
Priestley Memorial Lecture
Two major problems in understanding Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) are that he wrote so much and over such a wide area. The nineteenth-century edition of his collected works fills 25 volumes—and that leaves out the science! In discussing a man like Priestley, therefore, one cannot hope in a single lecture to do justice to the wide range of his interests or even to summarise adequately his many contributions to science. Fortunately much of the scien…
Assessment by peers in nineteenth-century France
Between the Library and the Laboratory
Cauchy
The Image of Science as a Threat
So much of the history of science has been written from the point of view of the scientist or the proto-scientist that it may be salutary for the modern reader occasionally to consider how science and its early practitioners were viewed from the outside. We must not be too surprised if a pioneering activity performed by controversial agents was misunderstood or misrepresented and if what emerges is, therefore, sometimes less of a portrait than a …
History (22 works) · Political science (22 works) · Philosophy (21 works) · Sociology (21 works) · Computer Science (19 works) · Law (17 works) · History of Science and Natural History (16 works) · Library science (15 works) · Epistemology (13 works) · Law (13 works)